Automatic gunpowder crushing equipment
By designing automatic gunpowder crushing equipment, using the spray device to keep the gunpowder wet and achieving human-machine separation through the conveyor belt device, the problem of safety risks of the existing gunpowder crushing process is solved, and the safety of the crushing process is significantly improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421700914.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-18
AI Technical Summary
The existing gunpowder crushing process poses a great safety risk. Operators need to directly contact flammable and explosive gunpowder, and a large amount of nitrifying glycerol will be evaporated during the heating and soaking process, posing a threat to operators.
Design a gunpowder automatic crushing equipment, including mounting brackets, crushing devices, safety spraying devices and conveyor belt devices. Spray water into the crushing roller assembly through the spray pipe to keep the gunpowder block moist and avoid burning; the conveyor belt device isolates the operator from the crushing device to reduce safety risks.
It effectively avoids the accidental ignition of gunpowder during the crushing process, reduces the safety risks of operators, and through the combination of human-machine separation and spraying devices, the safety of the crushing process is significantly improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN223042794U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of hazardous waste treatment, in particular to an automatic gunpowder crushing device. Background Art
[0002] In recent years, the safety situation in the explosive industry has been severe. Most explosive processing faces relatively high safety risks. With the country's increasing emphasis on the safety of the explosive industry, there are increasingly high requirements for the safety of explosive processing.
[0003] Gunpowder crushing is an important process essential for processing large gunpowder columns or blocks into small particles for recycling or destruction. The reason for crushing is that large gunpowder blocks cannot be directly recycled, and there are significant safety risks in directly destroying large gunpowder blocks. Currently, gunpowder crushing is mainly manually operated. The operator puts the gunpowder column or block into a hot water tank for soaking and boiling, cuts it into small pieces after it becomes soft, and then puts it into a rolling mill for crushing. The processed gunpowder material is then cut into small particles by a cutting machine.
[0004] Gunpowder contains nitroglycerin, and a large amount of nitroglycerin will volatilize after heating and soaking, which causes great harm to the operator. Moreover, gunpowder is an inflammable and explosive item, and the entire crushing process is highly dangerous. However, the operator is directly involved in the entire crushing process, presenting significant safety risks. Content of the Utility Model
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an automatic gunpowder crushing device.
[0006] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: an automatic gunpowder crushing device, including a mounting bracket, a crushing device, a safety spraying device, and a conveyor belt device;
[0007] The crushing device includes a driving mechanism and a crushing mechanism arranged on the mounting bracket. The crushing mechanism includes a crushing mechanism housing arranged on the mounting bracket and a crushing roller assembly rotatably arranged in the crushing mechanism housing. The power output shaft of the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the crushing roller assembly;
[0008] The safety spraying device is arranged on the top of the crushing device and includes a spraying pipe. The spraying pipe is provided with water spraying holes facing the direction of the crushing roller assembly, and the spraying pipe is externally connected to a water source;
[0009] The conveyor belt device includes a feeding conveyor belt and a discharging conveyor belt. The end of the feeding conveyor belt is located at the top feeding port of the crushing device, and the front end of the discharging conveyor belt is located at the bottom discharging port of the crushing device.
[0010] The utility model continuously sprays water into the crushing roller assembly through a spray pipe, continuously soaks the gunpowder block during the process of the gunpowder block being crushed, and avoids the gunpowder block from burning and exploding. At the same time, through the conveyor belt device, the operator is kept away from the crushing device, the operator and the crushing device are isolated from each other, and the safety is further improved.
[0011] In some embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a motor and a reducer, the motor and the reducer are fixedly connected to the mounting bracket, the motor and the reducer are connected by a transmission belt, and the power output shaft of the reducer is connected by a transmission to the crushing roller assembly. The power of the driving motor is decelerated by the reducer and the torque is increased to drive the crushing roller assembly to rotate to crush the gunpowder block.
[0012] In some embodiments, the crushing roller assembly includes an active crushing roller and a passive crushing roller arranged side by side, the active crushing roller and the passive crushing roller are both rotatably connected to the crushing mechanism housing, the power output shaft of the driving mechanism is transmission-connected to the active crushing roller, and the passive crushing roller is transmission-connected to the active crushing roller via a gear. The gunpowder block is crushed and shredded by the reverse rotation between the active crushing roller and the passive crushing roller.
[0013] In some embodiments, the active crushing roller and the passive crushing roller are both provided with a plurality of crushing toothed discs, and the plurality of crushing toothed discs on the active crushing roller and the plurality of crushing toothed discs on the passive crushing roller are arranged alternately. The gunpowder blocks are torn into pieces by the inter-rotation of the alternately arranged toothed discs between the active crushing roller and the passive crushing roller.
[0014] In some embodiments, two spray pipes are provided, the two spray pipes are respectively located above the active crushing roller and the passive crushing roller and are parallel to the axial direction of the active crushing roller, and a plurality of water spray holes are evenly opened on the spray pipes, and the water spray holes on the two spray pipes are both oriented toward the middle position between the active crushing roller and the passive crushing roller. The water sprayed from the plurality of water spray holes in the two spray pipes forms a water curtain, which fully wets the gunpowder block during crushing.
[0015] In some embodiments, the safety spray device further comprises a fence, which is fixedly arranged on the top of the crushing mechanism housing, and the spray pipe is fixedly connected to the fence. The fence prevents the sprayed water from splashing out of the crushing mechanism housing.
[0016] In some embodiments, two crushing devices are arranged on the mounting bracket, one above and one below, and the bottom discharge port of the crushing device at the top is aligned with the top feed port of the crushing device at the bottom. The two crushing devices can cause the gunpowder block to be crushed twice, and the gunpowder block can be crushed more fully, and the particle size of the crushed gunpowder block is smaller.
[0017] In some embodiments, a safety redundancy device is further included. The safety redundancy device includes a water volume sensor and a controller. The water volume sensor is disposed on the spray pipe, the water volume sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the driving mechanism. When the water volume sensor does not detect water in the spray pipe or the water volume is too small, the controller controls the driving mechanism to stop driving, ensuring that the crushing operation is carried out when there is enough water in the spray pipe, and improving safety.
[0018] In some embodiments, a flame-retardant spray device is further included. The flame-retardant spray device is disposed on the tops of both the feed conveyor belt and the discharge conveyor belt. The flame-retardant spray device includes a horizontal water pipe and a plurality of vertical spray pipes. The tops of the plurality of vertical spray pipes are all communicated with the horizontal water pipe, and nozzles are disposed at the bottoms of the vertical spray pipes; a flame sensor is disposed on the horizontal water pipe, and the flame sensor is electrically connected to the controller. The flame-retardant spray device can spray the gunpowder on the conveyor belt. When the gunpowder in the crushing device is accidentally ignited, the gunpowder on the conveyor belt is sprayed and wetted by the flame-retardant spray device, preventing the gunpowder from spreading and burning.
[0019] In some embodiments, both the feed conveyor belt and the discharge conveyor belt have slopes, and the distances between the nozzles at the bottoms of the plurality of vertical spray pipes and the conveying surfaces of the feed conveyor belt and the discharge conveyor belt in the vertical direction are equal. By arranging the nozzles at the bottoms of the multiple vertical spray pipes along the slopes of the conveyor belts, the water sprayed by each nozzle can reach the conveyor belt when the flame-retardant spray device sprays water.
[0020] The utility model has the following advantages:
[0021] By arranging a safety spray device on the top of the crushing device, during the process of the crushing device crushing the gunpowder blocks, the gunpowder blocks are fully wetted, preventing the gunpowder blocks from being accidentally ignited during the crushing process; at the same time, the operator is separated from the crushing device by the conveyor belt, achieving human-machine separation; finally, by arranging a flame-retardant spray device, when the gunpowder is accidentally ignited, the gunpowder on the conveyor belt is sprayed by the flame-retardant spray device, preventing the gunpowder on the conveyor belt from spreading and burning, and improving safety. Description of the Drawings
[0022] Figure 1 is the front view of the automatic gunpowder crushing equipment of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along line A-A in
[0024] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the enlarged view at C in
[0025] Figure 4is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along line B-B in
[0026] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the enlarged view at D in
[0027] Figure 6 the structural schematic diagram of the automatic gunpowder crushing equipment of the present utility model;
[0028] In the figure: 1, mounting bracket; 21, driving mechanism; 211, motor; 212, reducer; 22, crushing mechanism; 221, crushing mechanism housing; 222, active crushing roller; 223, passive crushing roller; 3, safety spraying device; 31, spraying pipe; 32, enclosure; 41, feeding conveyor belt; 42, discharging conveyor belt; 5, flame-retardant spraying device; 51, horizontal water pipe; 52, vertical spraying pipe. Detailed implementation manners
[0029] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model, that is, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0030] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the following description.
[0031] As Figures 1 - 6 shown, an automatic gunpowder crushing equipment includes a mounting bracket 1, a crushing device, a safety spraying device 3 and a conveyor belt device;
[0032] The crushing device includes a driving mechanism 21 and a crushing mechanism 22 arranged on the mounting bracket 1. The crushing mechanism 22 includes a crushing mechanism housing 221 arranged on the mounting bracket 1 and a crushing roller assembly rotatably arranged in the crushing mechanism housing 221. The power output shaft of the driving mechanism 21 is in transmission connection with the crushing roller assembly;
[0033] The safety spraying device 3 is arranged on the top of the crushing device. It includes a spraying pipe 31. Spraying holes are arranged on the spraying pipe 31 in the direction of the crushing roller assembly. The spraying pipe 31 is externally connected to a water source;
[0034] The conveyor belt device includes a feeding conveyor belt 41 and a discharging conveyor belt 42. The end of the feeding conveyor belt 41 is located at the top feeding port of the crushing device, and the front end of the discharging conveyor belt 42 is located at the bottom discharging port of the crushing device.
[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment, the mounting bracket 1 is of a frame structure, and both the driving mechanism 21 and the crushing mechanism 22 are bolted to the mounting bracket 1. A feeding port for feeding is provided at the top of the crushing mechanism housing 221, and a discharging port for discharging is provided at the bottom of the crushing mechanism housing 221. The gunpowder blocks enter from the top of the crushing mechanism 22 and are discharged from the discharging port at the bottom of the crushing mechanism 22 after being crushed by the crushing roller assembly inside the crushing mechanism 22. By providing a safety spraying assembly, during the spraying process, water is sprayed through a plurality of nozzles provided on the spray pipe 31 to form a water curtain, soaking the gunpowder blocks entering the crushing mechanism 22, avoiding accidental ignition of the gunpowder blocks during the crushing process, and improving safety; and by providing a conveyor belt device, the operator is isolated from the crushing device, further improving safety. Specifically, this embodiment is arranged indoors, where the feeding end of the feeding conveyor belt 41 and the discharging end of the discharging conveyor belt 42 are both located outdoors. Such an arrangement can place the operator and the crushing device in different spaces, achieving a better effect of separating humans and machines and improving safety.
[0036] When this embodiment is in use, large gunpowder blocks are placed at the feeding end of the feeding conveyor belt 41 and sent into the crushing device through the feeding conveyor belt 41. After being crushed by the crushing device, the large gunpowder blocks are broken into small pieces, which fall from the discharging port at the bottom of the crushing device onto the discharging conveyor belt 42 and are finally conveyed out through the discharging conveyor belt 42.
[0037] Preferably, the driving mechanism 21 includes a motor 211 and a speed reducer 212. Both the motor 211 and the speed reducer 212 are fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 1. The motor 211 and the speed reducer 212 are connected by a transmission belt. The power output shaft of the speed reducer 212 is connected to the crushing roller assembly in a transmission manner. In this embodiment, both the motor 211 and the speed reducer 212 are bolted to the mounting bracket 1, and the mounting bracket 1 in this embodiment is provided with a grounding measure. Belt pulleys are provided on the output shaft of the motor 211 and the power input shaft of the speed reducer 212 and are connected by a transmission belt. The power output shaft of the speed reducer 212 is connected to the crushing roller assembly in a transmission manner, and the crushing roller assembly is driven to rotate after being decelerated by the speed reducer 212.
[0038] Preferably, the crushing roller assembly includes a driving crushing roller 222 and a driven crushing roller 223 arranged side by side. Both the driving crushing roller 222 and the driven crushing roller 223 are rotatably connected to the crushing mechanism housing 221. The power output shaft of the driving mechanism 21 is in transmission connection with the driving crushing roller 222, and the driven crushing roller 223 is in gear transmission connection with the driving crushing roller 222. Specifically, in this embodiment, gears are provided at the ends of both the driving crushing roller 222 and the driven crushing roller 223, and the gears on the driving crushing roller 222 and the driven crushing roller 223 are meshed. While the power output shaft of the speed reducer 212 drives the driving crushing roller 222 to rotate, the driven crushing roller 223 is driven to rotate through the gears, and the rotation directions between the driving crushing roller 222 and the driven crushing roller 223 are opposite. The driving crushing roller 222 and the driven crushing roller 223 cooperate with each other to roll and tear large pieces of gunpowder into small pieces of gunpowder.
[0039] Preferably, a plurality of crushing tooth discs are provided on both the driving crushing roller 222 and the driven crushing roller 223, and the plurality of crushing tooth discs on the driving crushing roller 222 and the plurality of crushing tooth discs on the driven crushing roller 223 are arranged in an interleaved manner. The interleaved crushing tooth discs facilitate tearing the gunpowder blocks.
[0040] Preferably, two spray pipes 31 are provided. The two spray pipes 31 are respectively located above the driving crushing roller 222 and the driven crushing roller 223 and are both parallel to the axial direction of the driving crushing roller 222. A plurality of water spray holes are evenly formed in the spray pipes 31, and the water spray holes on the two spray pipes 31 all face the middle position between the driving crushing roller 222 and the driven crushing roller 223. In this embodiment, the two spray pipes 31 spray water on the gunpowder blocks being crushed respectively from the tops of the driving crushing roller 222 and the driven crushing roller 223 to ensure that the amount of water is sufficient to wet the gunpowder blocks and prevent the gunpowder blocks from being accidentally ignited.
[0041] Preferably, the safety spraying device 3 further includes a fence 32. The fence 32 is fixedly arranged on the top of the crushing mechanism housing 221, and the spray pipe 31 is fixedly connected to the fence 32. One end of the fence 32 close to the feeding conveyor belt 41 is open for facilitating the feeding of the feeding conveyor belt. The fence 32 prevents the water in the spray pipe 31 from splashing everywhere.
[0042] Preferably, two crushing devices are arranged on the mounting bracket 1, one above the other. The bottom discharge port of the upper crushing device is aligned with the top feed port of the lower crushing device. In this embodiment, two crushing devices are provided to ensure that the gunpowder blocks are fully crushed.
[0043] Preferably, a safety redundancy device is further included. The safety redundancy device includes a water volume sensor and a controller (not shown in the drawings). The water volume sensor is arranged on the spray pipe 31, the water volume sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the driving mechanism 21. In this embodiment, the controller is a PLC. In some other embodiments, the controller can also be an industrial control computer or a single-chip microcomputer, etc., and the controller is electrically connected to the motor 211. By monitoring the water volume in the spray pipe 31 through the water volume sensor, when it is detected that there is no water flow or the water volume is small in the spray pipe 31, the controller controls the motor 211 to stop rotating, and the crushing device stops working, ensuring that there is always enough water spraying out in the spray pipe 31 when the crushing device is working.
[0044] Preferably, a flame-retardant spray device 5 is further included. The flame-retardant spray device 5 is arranged on the tops of both the feeding conveyor belt 41 and the discharging conveyor belt 42. The flame-retardant spray device 5 includes a horizontal water pipe 51 and a plurality of vertical spray pipes 52. The tops of the plurality of vertical spray pipes 52 are all communicated with the horizontal water pipe 51, and nozzles are arranged at the bottoms of the vertical spray pipes 52. A flame sensor (not shown in the drawings) is arranged on the horizontal water pipe 51, and the flame sensor is electrically connected to the controller. In this embodiment, the horizontal water pipes 51 on the tops of the feeding conveyor belt 41 and the discharging conveyor belt are communicated and externally connected to a water source, and the horizontal water pipe 51 is fixedly connected to the top of the factory building. When the flame sensor detects a flame, it controls the external water source to supply water, and sprays water through the vertical spray pipes 52 to wet the gunpowder on the feeding conveyor belt 41 and the discharging conveyor belt 42, avoiding the spread of combustion of the gunpowder and improving safety.
[0045] Preferably, both the feeding conveyor belt 41 and the discharging conveyor belt 42 have slopes, and the distances between the nozzles at the bottoms of the plurality of vertical spray pipes 52 and the conveying surfaces of the feeding conveyor belt 41 and the discharging conveyor belt 42 in the vertical direction are equal. In this embodiment, the lengths of each vertical spray pipe 52 are inconsistent, so that the distances from the nozzles at the bottoms of each vertical spray pipe 52 to the conveying surface of the feeding conveyor belt 41 or the discharging conveyor belt are equal. When performing flame-retardant spraying, it can be ensured that the water sprayed out by each nozzle can completely cover the gunpowder on the conveyor belt.
[0046] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Therefore, any changes, modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of this technical solution.
Claims
1. A gunpowder automatic crushing device, characterized in that: include: Mounting bracket (1); A crushing device, the crushing device comprising a driving mechanism (21) and a crushing mechanism (22) arranged on the mounting bracket (1), the crushing mechanism (22) comprising a crushing mechanism housing (221) arranged on the mounting bracket (1) and a crushing roller assembly rotatably arranged in the crushing mechanism housing (221), the power output shaft of the driving mechanism (21) being drivingly connected to the crushing roller assembly; A safety spray device (3), the safety spray device (3) being arranged on the top of the crushing device, comprising a spray pipe (31), a water spray hole being arranged on the spray pipe (31) in the direction of the crushing roller assembly, and the spray pipe (31) being connected to an external water source; A conveyor belt device, the conveyor belt device comprising a feed conveyor belt (41) and a discharge conveyor belt (42), the end of the feed conveyor belt (41) being located at the top feed port of the crushing device, and the front end of the discharge conveyor belt (42) being located at the bottom discharge port of the crushing device.
2. The automatic gunpowder crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (21) comprises a motor (211) and a reducer (212); the motor (211) and the reducer (212) are both fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (1); the motor (211) and the reducer (212) are connected in transmission via a transmission belt; and a power output shaft of the reducer (212) is connected in transmission to the crushing roller assembly.
3. The automatic gunpowder crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing roller assembly comprises an active crushing roller (222) and a passive crushing roller (223) arranged side by side, the active crushing roller (222) and the passive crushing roller (223) are both rotatably connected to the crushing mechanism housing (221), the power output shaft of the driving mechanism (21) is transmission-connected to the active crushing roller (222), and the passive crushing roller (223) is transmission-connected to the active crushing roller (222) via gears.
4. The automatic gunpowder crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of crushing toothed discs are arranged on both the active crushing roller (222) and the passive crushing roller (223), and the plurality of crushing toothed discs on the active crushing roller (222) and the plurality of crushing toothed discs on the passive crushing roller (223) are arranged alternately.
5. The automatic gunpowder crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two spray pipes (31) are provided. The two spray pipes (31) are respectively located above the active crushing roller (222) and the passive crushing roller (223) and are parallel to the axial direction of the active crushing roller (222). A plurality of water spray holes are evenly provided on the spray pipe (31). The water spray holes on the two spray pipes (31) are both oriented toward the middle position between the active crushing roller (222) and the passive crushing roller (223).
6. The automatic gunpowder crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety spray device (3) further comprises a baffle (32), wherein the baffle (32) is fixedly arranged on the top of the crushing mechanism housing (221), and the spray pipe (31) is fixedly connected to the baffle (32).
7. The automatic gunpowder crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two crushing devices are arranged one above the other on the mounting bracket (1), and the bottom discharge port of the crushing device at the top is aligned with the top feed port of the crushing device at the bottom.
8. The automatic gunpowder crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a safety redundancy device, which includes a water volume sensor and a controller. The water volume sensor is arranged on the spray pipe (31), the water volume sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the drive mechanism (21).
9. The automatic gunpowder crushing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a flame retardant spray device (5), wherein the flame retardant spray device (5) is arranged on the top of the feeding conveyor belt (41) and the discharging conveyor belt (42), and the flame retardant spray device (5) comprises a transverse water pipe (51) and a plurality of vertical spray pipes (52), the top ends of the plurality of vertical spray pipes (52) are connected to the transverse water pipe (51), and the bottom ends of the vertical spray pipes (52) are provided with a spray head; a flame sensor is arranged on the transverse water pipe (51), and the flame sensor is electrically connected to the controller.
10. The automatic gunpowder crushing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The feed conveyor belt (41) and the discharge conveyor belt (42) both have a slope, and the nozzles at the bottom ends of the plurality of vertical spray pipes (52) are equidistant from the conveying surfaces of the feed conveyor belt (41) and the discharge conveyor belt (42) in the vertical direction.