Piezoelectric actuator
By setting up a combined structure of the secondary movement and the commutator, the displacement conversion of the piezoelectric actuator is realized, which solves the problem of difficulty in reducing the size in the prior art, increases the use scenario and ensures the smoothness and reliability of movement.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422053266.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing piezoelectric actuators are difficult to reduce in design and are difficult to achieve larger strokes in limited space, resulting in fewer usage scenarios.
By providing a secondary movement and a reversing member, the piezoelectric assembly drives the secondary movement in the first direction, and by changing the reversing member, the actuation end is moved in the second direction, and combined with sliding of the guide rail and the guide surface, displacement conversion is realized, reducing the size of the secondary movement in the second direction without leaving any moving space.
The size of the piezoelectric actuator is effectively reduced, the use scenarios are increased, and the smoothness and reliability of movement are ensured.
Smart Images
Figure CN223052950U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of micro actuators, and particularly to a piezoelectric actuator. Background Art
[0002] A piezoelectric actuator is a component that generates displacement by applying a voltage using the inverse piezoelectric effect, and can provide an alternative to familiar electromagnetic devices such as motors and solenoids. They have advantages such as higher reliability, lower power consumption, smaller size, and higher position resolution.
[0003] In the prior art, a piezoelectric actuator usually designs a piezoelectric component at a fixed end and contacts the piezoelectric component with a movable part. By changing the voltage, the piezoelectric material deforms, and then the movable part is pushed to move in a specific direction through the friction surface on the movable part. However, in order to ensure that the friction surface is always in contact with the piezoelectric component during the movement of the movable part, the size of the movable part needs to be greater than or equal to the size of the piezoelectric component in the moving direction plus twice the required stroke. And at least one times the stroke space needs to be reserved in front of and behind the movable part for the movable part to use. Therefore, it is difficult to reduce the size of the piezoelectric actuator in design, and it is difficult to achieve a large stroke in a limited space, resulting in fewer usage scenarios.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a piezoelectric actuator to solve the above problems. Summary of the Utility Model
[0005] Based on the above, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a piezoelectric actuator with a smaller size and more usage scenarios.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0007] A piezoelectric actuator, comprising:
[0008] A fixed end, an actuating end, and a piezoelectric component; and
[0009] A secondary mover, a commutation member, and a guide rail. The piezoelectric component can drive the secondary mover to move relative to the fixed end along a first direction. The secondary mover is provided with a first guiding surface, the guide rail is provided with a second guiding surface, the actuating end is arranged on the commutation member, and the commutation member can slide along the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface so that the commutation member moves along a second direction, and the second direction is arranged at an angle with the first direction.
[0010] As a preferred solution of the piezoelectric actuator, a lubricating layer is provided on the first guiding surface and / or the second guiding surface.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the piezoelectric actuator, a first avoidance notch is provided at one end of the guide rail, and one end of the secondary moving member close to the guide rail can be placed in the first avoidance notch.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the piezoelectric actuator, a first avoidance groove is provided on the first guiding surface.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the piezoelectric actuator, a guiding protrusion is further provided at the first avoidance notch, and the guiding protrusion can be placed in the first avoidance groove.
[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the piezoelectric actuator, a second avoidance notch is provided on the guiding protrusion, and the second avoidance notch is adapted to the bottom of the first avoidance groove.
[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the piezoelectric actuator, a second avoidance groove is provided on the second guiding surface.
[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the piezoelectric actuator, the commutation member includes a commutation shaft and a commutation block coaxially sleeved on the commutation shaft. The actuating end is provided on the commutation shaft, and the commutation block is slidably connected to the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface.
[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the piezoelectric actuator, the commutation block is provided in a hollow cylindrical shape.
[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the piezoelectric actuator, a lubricating layer is provided on the outer wall of the commutation block.
[0019] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0020] By providing the secondary moving member and the commutation member, the piezoelectric assembly can drive the secondary moving member to move relative to the fixed end along the first direction. At the same time, through the commutation of the commutation member, the actuating end can move relative to the fixed end along the second direction, that is, the displacement of the actuating end along the second direction is converted into the displacement of the secondary moving member along the first direction, thereby reducing the size of the secondary moving member in the second direction and eliminating the need to reserve a moving space in the second direction, effectively reducing the size of the piezoelectric actuator and increasing the usage scenarios of the piezoelectric actuator. Specifically, the piezoelectric actuator is further provided with a guide rail, a second guiding surface is provided on the guide rail, a first guiding surface is provided on the secondary moving member, and the actuating end is provided on the commutation member. When the secondary moving member moves relative to the fixed end, the commutation member cooperates with the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface to slide, thereby driving the actuating end to move relative to the fixed end along the second direction. That is, by simultaneously sliding the commutation member with the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface, the actuating end and the secondary moving member move in different directions. Description of the Drawings
[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for description in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings.
[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a piezoelectric actuator provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of an implementation manner of a piezoelectric actuator provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 3 It is a partial view of another implementation manner of a piezoelectric actuator provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of multiple piezoelectric actuators applied to a lens provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of multiple piezoelectric actuators applied to a display module provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of multiple piezoelectric actuators applied to a lens provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a piezoelectric actuator hiding a secondary moving member provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a piezoelectric actuator hiding a fixed end and a decompression magnet provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of another piezoelectric actuator hiding a secondary moving member provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of another piezoelectric actuator hiding a fixed end and a decompression magnet provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of yet another piezoelectric actuator hiding a fixed end provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of still another piezoelectric actuator provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 13 This is a partial schematic diagram of a piezoelectric actuator using a sliding commutator provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention.
[0035] In the figure:
[0036] 100, fixed end; 110, mating block; 120, guide rod;
[0037] 200, actuating end;
[0038] 300, piezoelectric assembly;
[0039] 400, secondary moving member; 410, first guiding surface; 411, first avoiding groove; 420, first guiding groove; 430, second guiding groove; 440, mounting groove; 450, stop block;
[0040] 500, preloading magnet;
[0041] 600, decompression assembly; 610, decompression magnet; 620, decompression coil;
[0042] 700, commutator; 710, first commutating wheel; 720, second commutating wheel; 730, commutating shaft; 740, commutating block;
[0043] 800, guide rail; 810, second guiding surface; 811, third guiding groove; 812, second avoiding groove; 820, first avoiding notch; 830, guiding projection; 840, second avoiding notch;
[0044] 910, display module; 920, lens; 930, lens; 940, mounting lug. Specific Embodiment
[0045] The embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
[0046] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Among them, the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
[0047] Unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0048] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through other features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "on" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a lower horizontal height than the second feature.
[0049] The technical solution of the present utility model will be further described below with reference to the drawings and through specific embodiments.
[0050] As Figure 13 shown, this embodiment provides a piezoelectric actuator, which includes a fixed end 100, an actuating end 200 and a piezoelectric assembly 300; as well as a secondary actuator 400, a commutation member 700 and a guide rail 800. The piezoelectric assembly 300 can drive the secondary actuator 400 to move relative to the fixed end 100 in a first direction. The secondary actuator 400 is provided with a first guiding surface 410, the guide rail 800 is provided with a second guiding surface 810, the actuating end 200 is arranged on the commutation member 700, and the commutation member 700 can slide along the first guiding surface 410 and the second guiding surface 810 so that the commutation member 700 moves in a second direction, and the second direction is arranged at an angle to the first direction.
[0051] By setting the secondary actuator 400 and the reversing member 700, the piezoelectric component 300 can drive the secondary actuator 400 to move in a first direction relative to the fixed end 100. At the same time, through the reversing of the reversing member 700, the actuating end 200 can move in a second direction relative to the fixed end 100, that is, the displacement of the actuating end 200 in the second direction is converted into the displacement of the secondary actuator 400 in the first direction, thereby reducing the size of the secondary actuator 400 in the second direction and eliminating the need to reserve active space in the second direction, thereby effectively reducing the size of the piezoelectric actuator and increasing the use scenarios of the piezoelectric actuator. Specifically, the piezoelectric actuator is further provided with a guide rail 800, on which a second guide surface 810 is provided, the secondary moving member 400 is provided with a first guide surface 410, and the actuating end 200 is provided on the reversing member 700. When the secondary moving member 400 moves relative to the fixed end 100, the reversing member 700 slides with the first guide surface 410 and the second guide surface 810, thereby driving the actuating end 200 to move relative to the fixed end 100 in the second direction. That is, the actuating end 200 and the secondary moving member 400 move in different directions by sliding the reversing member 700 with the first guide surface 410 and the second guide surface 810 at the same time.
[0052] In this embodiment, the first direction is Figure 13 The X direction is shown in Figure 13 The Y direction is shown in , and the X direction and the Y direction are arranged vertically.
[0053] Preferably, the first guide surface 410 and / or the second guide surface 810 is provided with a lubricating layer. By providing a lubricating layer on the surface of the first guide surface 410 and the second guide surface 810 that slide in cooperation with the guide member, the friction between the first guide surface 410 and the second guide surface 810 and the switching member 700 can be reduced, making the switching process smoother, thereby ensuring that the actuation process of the piezoelectric actuator is smoother.
[0054] As an optional solution of the piezoelectric actuator, a first avoidance notch 820 is provided at one end of the guide rail 800, so that when the secondary movable member 400 moves close to the guide rail 800, the end of the secondary movable member 400 close to the guide rail 800 can be placed in the first avoidance notch 820, effectively avoiding collision between the secondary movable member 400 and the guide rail 800.
[0055] Specifically, a first avoidance groove 411 is provided on the first guide surface 410 , and the first avoidance groove 411 is provided to reduce the contact area between the first guide surface 410 and the switching member 700 , thereby reducing the friction between the switching member 700 and the first guide surface 410 .
[0056] Further, a guiding protrusion 830 is also provided at the first avoiding notch 820. The guiding protrusion 830 can be placed in the first avoiding groove 411. By providing the guiding protrusion 830 that can cooperate with the first avoiding groove 411, while avoiding interference between the guide rail 800 and the first guiding surface 410, the sliding length of the commutation member 700 on the second guiding surface 810 can be extended, thereby increasing the actuation distance.
[0057] Preferably, a second avoiding notch 840 is provided on the guiding protrusion 830. By providing the second avoiding notch 840, when the secondary moving member 400 moves close to the guide rail 800, the bottom of the first avoiding groove 411 can be placed in the second avoiding notch 840, effectively avoiding collision between the guiding protrusion 830 and the first avoiding groove 411.
[0058] In this embodiment, a second avoiding groove 812 is also provided on the second guiding surface 810, which is used to reduce the contact area between the second guiding surface 810 and the commutation member 700, and thus is used to reduce the frictional force between the commutation member 700 and the second guiding surface 810.
[0059] As an alternative solution of the piezoelectric actuator, the commutation member 700 includes a commutation shaft 730 and a commutation block 740 coaxially sleeved on the commutation shaft 730. The actuation end 200 is arranged on the commutation shaft 730, and the commutation block 740 is used for sliding connection with the first guiding surface 410 and the second guiding surface 810. By separately arranging the commutation member 700, it is convenient to replace the commutation block 740 after wear, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the piezoelectric actuator.
[0060] Optionally, the commutation block 740 is arranged in a hollow cylindrical shape. The inside of the hollow cylindrical shape is used for connection with the commutation shaft 730, and the outside is used for sliding connection with the first guiding surface 410 and the second guiding surface 810. It can be understood that the outer wall of the hollow cylindrical shape is in line contact with the first guiding surface 410 and the second guiding surface 810, and the frictional force is smaller compared with surface contact, thereby making the movement of the commutation member 700 smoother.
[0061] Preferably, a lubricating layer is provided on the outer wall of the commutation block 740. By providing a lubricating layer on the outer wall of the commutation block 740 that cooperates with the first guiding surface 410 and the second guiding surface 810, the frictional force between the commutation block 740 and the first guiding surface 410 and the second guiding surface 810 can be reduced, making the commutation process smoother, and thus ensuring that the actuation process of the piezoelectric actuator is more smooth.
[0062] In other embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the commutation member 700 includes a commutation shaft 730, a first commutation wheel 710 and a second commutation wheel 720 coaxially sleeved on the commutation shaft 730. The actuating end 200 is arranged on the commutation shaft 730. The first commutation wheel 710 can roll along the first guiding surface 410, and the second commutation wheel 720 can roll along the second guiding surface 810, so that the commutation member 700 moves along the second direction, and the second direction is arranged at an angle to the first direction.
[0063] That is, in this embodiment, commutation is achieved by the cooperation of the first commutation wheel 710 and the second commutation wheel 720 with the first guiding surface 410 and the second guiding surface 810 respectively. Specifically, the actuating end 200 is arranged on the commutation shaft 730 of the commutation member 700, and the first commutation wheel 710 and the second commutation wheel 720 are coaxially sleeved on the commutation shaft 730. The first commutation wheel 710 is used to cooperate with the first guiding surface 410, and the second commutation wheel 720 is used to cooperate with the second guiding surface 810. When the secondary moving member 400 moves relative to the fixed end 100, the first guiding surface 410 drives the first commutation wheel 710 to roll. Since the second guiding surface 810 extends along the second direction, the second commutation wheel 720 moves along the second direction on the guide rail 800, thereby driving the actuating end 200 to move relative to the fixed end 100 along the second direction. That is, through the coaxially arranged first commutation wheel 710 and second commutation wheel 720, in cooperation with the first guiding surface 410 and the second guiding surface 810, the actuating end 200 and the secondary moving member 400 are enabled to move in different directions.
[0064] Furthermore, a first guiding groove 420 is arranged at one end of the secondary moving member 400 close to the commutation member 700. The top of the first guiding groove 420 forms the first guiding surface 410. When the secondary moving member 400 moves, the first commutation wheel 710 cooperates with the top of the first guiding groove 420. Since the diameter of the first commutation wheel 710 is smaller than that of the second commutation wheel 720, and the groove depth of the first guiding groove 420 is greater than the radius difference between the first commutation wheel 710 and the second commutation wheel 720, there is a spaced arrangement between the second commutation wheel 720 and the bottom of the first guiding groove 420. Therefore, there will be no interference between the two, and thus it will not affect the cooperation between the second commutation wheel 720 and the second guiding surface 810 of the guide rail 800.
[0065] It can be understood that in order to adapt to the first commutation wheel 710 and the second commutation wheel 720, a first guiding groove 420 is arranged at one end of the secondary moving member 400 close to the commutation member 700. The arrangements of the first avoidance notch 820, the guiding protrusion 830 and the second avoidance notch 840 can also achieve the avoidance of the first guiding groove 420, reduce the interference between the secondary moving member 400 and the guide rail 800 during movement, and ensure that the actuation process of the piezoelectric actuator is smoother and more reliable.
[0066] Preferably, two first reversing wheels 710 are provided, and the second reversing wheel 720 is disposed between the two first reversing wheels 710. The two first reversing wheels 710 are respectively in rolling fit with the groove tops on both sides of the first guiding groove 420, the second reversing wheel 720 is placed in the first guiding groove 420 and is spaced from the groove bottom of the first guiding groove 420. By providing two first reversing wheels 710, the force on the reversing member 700 is more balanced, and thus the cooperation between the reversing member 700 and the secondary moving member 400 is more stable. At the same time, the setting of the first guiding groove 420 can also effectively prevent the second reversing wheel 720 from coming out of the first guiding groove 420, making the cooperation between the reversing member 700 and the secondary moving member 400 more reliable.
[0067] In this embodiment, the first reversing wheel 710 and the second reversing wheel 720 can be sleeved on the reversing shaft 730 through bearings, or the outer ring of the bearing can be used as the first reversing wheel 710 or the second reversing wheel 720. In other embodiments, the axial length of the first reversing wheel 710 can also be set to be greater than the axial length of the second reversing wheel 720, and the second reversing wheel 720 is rotatably disposed outside the first reversing wheel 710, which can also achieve the rolling fit between the first reversing wheel 710 and the first guiding surface 410 and between the second reversing wheel 720 and the second guiding surface 810.
[0068] As an alternative solution for the piezoelectric actuator, to enable the reversing member 700 to cooperate with the first guiding surface 410 and the second guiding surface 810 simultaneously, as Figure 3 shown, a second guiding groove 430 is provided at one end of the secondary moving member 400 close to the reversing member 700. The diameter of the first reversing wheel 710 is greater than the diameter of the second reversing wheel 720. The groove bottom of the second guiding groove 430 forms the first guiding surface 410, and the groove depth of the second guiding groove 430 is less than the radius difference between the first reversing wheel 710 and the second reversing wheel 720. With such a setting, when the secondary moving member 400 moves, the first reversing wheel 710 cooperates with the groove bottom of the second guiding groove 430. Since the groove depth of the second guiding groove 430 is less than the radius difference between the first reversing wheel 710 and the second reversing wheel 720, the groove top of the second guiding groove 430 will not interfere with the second reversing wheel 720, and thus will not affect the rolling fit between the second reversing wheel 720 and the second guiding surface 810 of the guide rail 800.
[0069] Furthermore, two second reversing wheels 720 are provided, and the first reversing wheel 710 is disposed between the two second reversing wheels 720. The two second reversing wheels 720 can improve the stability of the cooperation between the reversing member 700 and the guide rail 800.
[0070] Preferably, the second guiding surface 810 is provided with a third guiding groove 811 which extends along the second direction, and the groove depth of the third guiding groove 811 is greater than the radius difference between the first reversing wheel 710 and the second reversing wheel 720, so as to avoid interference between the bottom of the third guiding groove 811 and the first reversing wheel 710 and ensure that rolling cooperation can be achieved between the second reversing wheel 720 and the second guiding surface 810.
[0071] Exemplarily, the first guiding surface 410 is disposed at an angle of 30° to 60° with respect to the first direction. Optionally, the first guiding surface 410 is disposed at an angle of 45° with respect to the first direction. In other embodiments, those skilled in the art can set the angle between the first guiding surface 410 and the first direction according to the actual use scenario, and no specific limitation is made here.
[0072] Preferably, as Figure 1 shown, the fixed end 100 is provided with a guiding rod 120 which extends along the first direction, and the secondary moving member 400 can slide along the guiding rod 120. By providing the guiding rod 120, the moving direction of the secondary moving member relative to the fixed end 100 can be limited.
[0073] In this embodiment, to improve the reliability of the guiding rod 120 in limiting the secondary moving member 400, a guiding groove extending along the first direction is further provided on the secondary moving member 400, and the guiding rod 120 is placed in the guiding groove.
[0074] Specifically, as Figures 4 - 6 shown, the actuating end 200 is connected to the optical lens module or the display module 910, that is, the piezoelectric actuator can be used to realize the actuation of the optical lens module or the display module 910 along its axis direction. Optionally, the optical lens module can be a lens 920, a lens 930, etc., so as to change its focal length.
[0075] Further, a plurality of mounting lugs 940 are circumferentially provided on the optical lens module or the display module 910, and the actuating ends 200 of the plurality of piezoelectric actuators are connected to the mounting lugs 940 in one-to-one correspondence. By providing a plurality of piezoelectric actuators, the driving of the optical lens module or the display module 910 is made more stable and reliable.
[0076] It should be noted that six piezoelectric actuators are evenly spaced and flexibly provided on the circumference of the lens 920. When two of the piezoelectric actuators are used as the rotation axes, by respectively driving the other four piezoelectric actuators to act, the rotation of the lens 920 can be realized. It can be understood that during rotation, the action directions of the piezoelectric actuators on both sides of the rotation axis are opposite, that is, when the actuating ends 200 of the two piezoelectric actuators on one side of the rotation axis move upward, the actuating ends 200 of the two piezoelectric actuators on the other side of the rotation axis move downward.
[0077] In other embodiments, the piezoelectric actuator further includes a preloading magnet 500 and a decompression assembly 600; the preloading magnet 500 is disposed on the secondary mover 400 and has a magnetic force with the fixed end 100, so that the secondary mover 400 is pressed against the fixed end 100 with a preset pressure; the decompression assembly 600 includes a decompression magnet 610 and a decompression coil 620. The decompression coil 620 can be energized to have a magnetic field with the same or opposite magnetism as the decompression magnet 610, so as to adsorb or repel the fixed end 100, so that the fixed end 100 is stationary relative to the actuating end 200 or the fixed end 100 can move relative to the actuating end 200; or the decompression coil 620 can change the direction of the current to have a magnetic field with the same or opposite magnetism as the decompression magnet 610.
[0078] By arranging the preloading magnet 500 on the secondary mover 400 and setting the fixed end 100 as a magnetic material for magnetic attraction with the preloading magnet 500, the secondary mover 400 can be pressed against the fixed end 100 with a preset pressure, which is convenient for increasing the upper limit of the holding force between the piezoelectric element and the friction surface when the piezoelectric assembly 300 is not energized, so as to improve the design freedom of the piezoelectric actuator; at the same time, the movement of the secondary mover 400 is made more stable. In addition, the piezoelectric actuator is also provided with a decompression assembly 600. By changing the magnitude or direction of the magnetic force between the decompression coil 620 and the decompression magnet 610, the decompression assembly 600 can realize the change of the holding force, or realize the braking or release of the brake between the actuating end 200 and the fixed end 100. Specifically, when the magnetic field of the decompression coil 620 is in the same direction as the decompression magnet 610, there is an attractive force between the decompression magnet 610 and the fixed end 100, which can increase the upper limit of the preset pressure; when the magnetic field of the decompression coil 620 is in the opposite direction to the decompression magnet 610, there is a repulsive force between the decompression magnet 610 and the fixed end 100, that is, the release of the brake is realized, and at this time the actuating end 200 can move relative to the fixed end 100.
[0079] In this embodiment, as Figures 7 - 12 shown, to realize the installation of the decompression assembly 600, the decompression magnet 610 is disposed on the secondary mover 400, and the decompression magnet 610 can move in the direction close to and away from the fixed end 100, so as to realize that the decompression magnet 610 can approach and adsorb the fixed end 100 or repel and move away from the fixed end 100 when the decompression coil 620 is powered on and off.
[0080] Specifically, as Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, on one side of the secondary mover 400 close to the fixed end 100, there is an installation groove 440, and the decompression magnet 610 is slidably arranged in the installation groove 440. It can be understood that the shape of the installation groove 440 is adapted to the decompression magnet 610 to limit the movement of the decompression magnet 610 in the plane where the secondary mover 400 and the fixed end 100 move relative to each other. Optionally, the decompression magnet 610 is set as a cylinder, a cube or a cuboid. Correspondingly, the cross-section of the installation groove 440 is set as a circle, a square or a rectangle. It should be noted that the decompression coil 620 can be wound into different shapes, such as a square cross-section, a rectangular cross-section or a racetrack shape. On the one hand, it is used to adapt to the shape of the decompression magnet 610, and on the other hand, it can be set according to the required magnetic force magnitude, which is not specifically limited here.
[0081] In other embodiments, to simplify the structure of the installation groove 440, as Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, on one side of the secondary mover 400 close to the fixed end 100, two stoppers 450 are arranged at intervals along the moving direction of the secondary mover 400. The decompression magnet 610 is arranged in the stoppers 450, and the decompression coil 620 is wound around the outside of the two stoppers 450. By setting the two stoppers 450, the decompression magnet 610 cannot move relative to the fixed end 100 following the secondary mover 400. While ensuring the installation of the decompression magnet 610, the decompression coil 620 can be wound around the outside of the two stoppers 450, further simplifying the structure of the piezoelectric actuator.
[0082] Optionally, as Figure 11 shown, a mating block 110 can also be arranged on the fixed end 100. The mating block 110 faces the decompression magnet 610 and can adsorb or repel the decompression magnet 610. By setting the mating block 110 to cooperate with the decompression magnet 610 instead of the fixed end 100, on the one hand, it is convenient to replace the mating block 110 alone after wear; on the other hand, the decompression coil 620 can be wound around the mating block 110 to realize the installation of the decompression coil 620 at the same time.
[0083] Preferably, the preloading magnet 500 is set as an electromagnet, and the magnetic force magnitude is adjustable. The adjustable range of the magnetic force of the electromagnet is larger, and thus the upper limit of the holding force between the piezoelectric element and the friction surface when the piezoelectric assembly 300 is not powered on can be further increased.
[0084] As an alternative solution of the piezoelectric actuator, as Figure 12 shown, the decompression magnet 610 is arranged at the actuating end 200 and can move in the directions close to and away from the fixed end 100, and the decompression coil 620 is arranged at the fixed end 100. The decompression magnet 610 and the decompression coil 620 act on the actuating end 200, and the piezoelectric actuator is braked by driving the actuator to be fixed relative to the fixed end 100.
[0085] The above content is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, based on the idea of the present utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. The content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation on the present utility model.
Claims
1. A piezoelectric actuator, characterized in that include: A fixed end (100), an actuating end (200) and a piezoelectric component (300); as well as A secondary moving member (400), a reversing member (700) and a guide rail (800), wherein the piezoelectric component (300) can drive the secondary moving member (400) to move relative to the fixed end (100) along a first direction, the secondary moving member (400) is provided with a first guide surface (410), the guide rail (800) is provided with a second guide surface (810), the actuating end (200) is provided on the reversing member (700), the reversing member (700) can slide along the first guide surface (410) and the second guide surface (810) so as to move the reversing member (700) along a second direction, and the second direction is provided at an angle to the first direction.
2. The piezoelectric actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first guide surface (410) and / or the second guide surface (810) is provided with a lubricating layer.
3. The piezoelectric actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the guide rail (800) is provided with a first avoidance notch (820), and one end of the secondary moving member (400) close to the guide rail (800) can be placed in the first avoidance notch (820).
4. The piezoelectric actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first guide surface (410) is provided with a first avoidance groove (411).
5. The piezoelectric actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide protrusion (830) is also provided at the first avoidance notch (820), and the guide protrusion (830) can be placed in the first avoidance groove (411).
6. The piezoelectric actuator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide protrusion (830) is provided with a second avoidance notch (840), and the second avoidance notch (840) is adapted to the groove bottom of the first avoidance groove (411).
7. The piezoelectric actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second avoidance groove (812) is provided on the second guide surface (810).
8. The piezoelectric actuator according to claim 1, wherein: The reversing member (700) comprises a reversing shaft (730) and a reversing block (740) coaxially sleeved on the reversing shaft (730); the actuating end (200) is arranged on the reversing shaft (730); and the reversing block (740) is slidably connected to the first guide surface (410) and the second guide surface (810).
9. The piezoelectric actuator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The commutation block (740) is configured in a hollow cylindrical shape.
10. The piezoelectric actuator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer wall of the reversing block (740) is provided with a lubricating layer.