Coarse-grained soil direct shear compression testing machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a coarse-grained soil direct shear compression testing machine which comprises the following components: a main frame which comprises a base, side frames and a top frame, one ends of the two side frames which are oppositely arranged at an interval are connected with the base, and the other ends of the two side frames are connected with the top frame; the movable guide rail comprises a first guide rail and a second guide rail which are erected on the base at an interval; the movable bottom plate comprises a main plate in sliding fit with the horizontal guide rail platform and sliding feet arranged on the two sides of the main plate and in sliding fit with the movable guide rails. The shearing box comprises a lower box body and an upper box body which are detachably connected, the lower box body is fixed to the movable bottom plate, and a first abutting part is arranged at one end of the lower box body; the horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder is fixed on one of the side frames and is arranged corresponding to the first abutting part; the axial servo hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the top frame and extends towards the direction of the base; the horizontal pressure sensor is fixed at the end of the horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder; and the axial pressure sensor is fixed at the end of the axial servo hydraulic cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coarse-grained soil tests, and particularly relates to a direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil. Background Technique

[0002] According to the "Geotechnical Test Regulations" issued by the Ministry of Water Resources, it is necessary to conduct compression tests and direct shear tests on coarse-grained soil with a particle size of 80 mm. When conducting these two tests with existing equipment, two different devices, namely a compressor and a direct shear machine, are required, which increases the test cost and is inconvenient to operate. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] In view of the above situation, it is necessary to propose a direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil that facilitates compression tests and direct shear tests.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil, comprising:

[0005] A main frame, including a base, side frames, and a top frame, with one end of two relatively arranged side frames spaced apart connected to the base and the other end connected to the top frame;

[0006] Moving guide rails, including a first guide rail and a second guide rail spaced and installed on the base;

[0007] A horizontal guide rail platform, arranged between the first guide rail and the second guide rail;

[0008] A moving bottom plate, including a main board slidably matched with the horizontal guide rail platform, and sliding feet arranged on both sides of the main board and slidably matched with the moving guide rails;

[0009] A shear box, including a detachable lower box and an upper box, the lower box is fixed on the moving bottom plate, and a first abutting part is arranged at one end of the lower box;

[0010] A horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder, fixed on one of the side frames and correspondingly arranged with the first abutting part;

[0011] An axial servo hydraulic cylinder, fixed on the top frame and extending towards the base;

[0012] A horizontal pressure sensor, fixed at the end of the horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder;

[0013] An axial pressure sensor, fixed at the end of the axial servo hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] Further, the upper box extends a second abutting part away from the first abutting part.

[0015] Further, a travel switch is fixed on the side frame that cooperates with the second abutting portion.

[0016] Further, a backing plate is fixed on the side frame that cooperates with the second abutting portion corresponding to the second abutting portion.

[0017] Further, a cushion block is fixed on the first abutting portion.

[0018] Further, a sealing groove is provided on the moving bottom plate, a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove, a flanging that turns outward is provided at the bottom of the lower box, and the flanging presses the sealing ring and is fixedly connected with the moving bottom plate.

[0019] Further, a first extension plate extending horizontally outward is provided at the top of the lower box, a second extension plate extending horizontally outward is provided at the bottom of the upper box, a sealing ring groove is provided between the first extension plate and the second extension plate, a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing ring groove, and the first extension plate and the second extension plate press the sealing ring and are fixedly screwed.

[0020] Further, the horizontal guide rail platform includes a front mounting plate, a bearing block, a rear mounting plate and rollers. One ends of a plurality of rollers arranged at intervals are rotatably connected to the front mounting plate, and the other ends are connected to the rear mounting plate. A plurality of bearing blocks are arranged between the front mounting plate and the rear mounting plate, and a height gap exists between the bearing block and the roller.

[0021] Further, the shearing box includes a first pressing plate and a second pressing plate stacked up and down. The second pressing plate is adapted to the inner diameter of the shearing box, and the first pressing plate is arranged on the second pressing plate and is provided with a bearing groove.

[0022] Further, a horizontal displacement detector and an axial displacement detector are further included. The horizontal displacement detector detects the horizontal movement distance of the lower box, and the axial displacement detector detects the axial movement distance of the first pressing plate or the second pressing plate.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: During the compression test, it is pressed downward by the axial servo hydraulic cylinder, and the axial pressure sensor acquires compression data. During the direct shear test, the lower box is pushed by the horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder, and the lower box moves on the horizontal guide rail platform, and the horizontal pressure sensor acquires direct shear data. And when placing or taking out the sample in the shearing box, the shearing box can be pulled out through the moving guide rail, and the operation is convenient. Using a servo motor oil source, the experimental time is long. Compared with the traditional asynchronous motor and proportional valve, the servo pump is energy-saving, has low noise, and low oil temperature, and can maintain a long-time experiment and the stability of the hydraulic system. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of the pulling-out state of the shear box of a direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of another aspect of a direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the shear box of a direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the moving bottom plate of a direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower box of a direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the horizontal guide rail platform of a direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sensing mechanism of a direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0032] Label description:

[0033] 100, main frame; 110, base; 120, side frame; 121, backing plate; 130, top frame;

[0034] 200, moving guide rail; 300, horizontal guide rail platform; 310, front mounting plate; 320, rear mounting plate;

[0035] 330, bearing block; 340, roller; 400, moving bottom plate; 410, main board; 411, sealing groove;

[0036] 420, sliding foot; 500, shear box; 510, lower box; 511, first abutting portion; 512, spacer block;

[0037] 513, flanging; 514, first extension plate; 515, sealing ring groove; 520, upper box;

[0038] 521, second abutting portion; 522, second extension plate; 530, first pressing plate; 540, second pressing plate;

[0039] 541. Pressure-bearing groove; 610. Horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder; 611. Horizontal pressure sensor;

[0040] 612. Horizontal displacement detector; 620. Axial servo hydraulic cylinder; 621. Axial pressure sensor;

[0041] 622. Axial displacement detector; 700. Travel switch. Detailed implementation manner

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the following further details the direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1-8 , a direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil, comprising:

[0044] Main frame 100, including a base 110, side frames 120 and a top frame 130, one ends of two spaced-apart side frames 120 are connected to the base 110 and the other ends are connected to the top frame 130;

[0045] Moving guide rails 200, including a first guide rail and a second guide rail that are spaced and erected on the base 110;

[0046] Horizontal guide rail platform 300, arranged between the first guide rail and the second guide rail;

[0047] Moving bottom plate 400, including a main board 410 that is slidably matched with the horizontal guide rail platform 300, and sliding feet 420 that are arranged on both sides of the main board 410 and are slidably matched with the moving guide rails 200;

[0048] Shearing box 500, including a detachable lower box 510 and an upper box 520, the lower box 510 is fixed on the moving bottom plate 400, and a first abutting portion 511 is provided at one end of the lower box 510;

[0049] Horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder 610, fixed on one of the side frames 120 and correspondingly arranged with the first abutting portion 511;

[0050] Axial servo hydraulic cylinder 620, fixed on the top frame 130 and extending towards the base 110;

[0051] Horizontal pressure sensor 611, fixed at the end of the horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder 610;

[0052] Axial pressure sensor 621, fixed at the end of the axial servo hydraulic cylinder 620.

[0053] During the compression test, it is squeezed downward through the axial servo hydraulic cylinder 620, and the axial pressure sensor 621 acquires compression data. During the direct shear test, the lower box 510 is pushed by the horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder 610, and the lower box 510 moves on the horizontal guide rail platform 300, and the horizontal pressure sensor 611 acquires direct shear data. And when placing or removing the specimen in the shear box 500, the shear box 500 can be pulled out by moving the guide rail 200, which is convenient to operate. Using a servo motor oil source, the experimental time is long. Compared with the traditional asynchronous motor with a proportional valve, the servo pump is energy-saving, has low noise, and low oil temperature, and can maintain long-term experiments and the stability of the hydraulic system.

[0054] Please refer to Figures 1-4 , the upper box 520 extends a second abutting portion 521 away from the first abutting portion 511. By setting the second abutting portion 521, a strong support is provided for the upper box 520, and the direct shear data can be measured better.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , a travel switch 700 is fixed on the side frame 120 that cooperates with the second abutting portion 521. By setting the travel switch 700, when the second abutting portion 521 contacts the side frame 120 or the backing plate 121 on the side frame 120, the horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder 610 can be stopped as needed.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , a backing plate 121 is fixed on the side frame 120 that cooperates with the second abutting portion 521 corresponding to the second abutting portion 521. By setting the backing plate 121, it can better contact with the second abutting portion 521, avoid damage to the side frame 120, and the backing plate 121 can be conveniently replaced when worn, reducing the maintenance cost.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , a cushion block 512 is fixed on the first abutting portion 511. By setting the cushion block 512, damage to the lower box 510 can be avoided, and only the cushion block 512 needs to be replaced after wear.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 6 , a sealing groove 411 is provided on the moving bottom plate 400, a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove 411, and the bottom of the lower box 510 is provided with a turned-out flange 513, and the flange 513 presses the sealing ring and is fixedly connected to the moving bottom plate 400. Ensure the sealing performance between the lower box 510 and the moving bottom plate 400.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6, a first extension plate 514 extending horizontally outwards is provided at the top of the lower box 510, a second extension plate 522 extending horizontally outwards is provided at the bottom of the upper box 520, a sealing ring groove 515 is provided between the first extension plate 514 and the second extension plate 522, a sealing ring is provided in the sealing ring groove 515, and the first extension plate 514 and the second extension plate 522 press the sealing ring and are fixedly screwed. To ensure the sealing and connection between the upper box 520 and the lower box 510.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 7 , the horizontal guide rail platform 300 includes a front mounting plate 310, a pressure bearing block 330, a rear mounting plate 320 and rollers 340. One ends of a plurality of rollers 340 arranged at intervals are rotatably connected to the front mounting plate 310, and the other ends are connected to the rear mounting plate 320. A plurality of pressure bearing blocks 330 are arranged between the front mounting plate 310 and the rear mounting plate 320, and there is a height gap between the pressure bearing block 330 and the roller 340. Generally, the rollers 340 are perpendicular to the moving direction of the lower box 510, and the pressure bearing blocks 330 are parallel to the moving direction of the lower box 510. By providing the pressure bearing blocks 330, it is possible to avoid damage to the rollers 340 caused by excessive axial pressure. That is, generally, the height gap between the pressure bearing block 330 and the roller 340 is less than the limit elastic deformation distance of the roller 340.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 4 , the shear box 500 includes a first pressing plate 530 and a second pressing plate 540 stacked up and down. The second pressing plate 540 is adapted to the inner diameter of the shear box 500, and the first pressing plate 530 is arranged on the second pressing plate 540 and is provided with a pressure bearing groove 541. The double-layer pressing plate can, on the one hand, ensure the cooperation with the shear box 500, and on the other hand, facilitate bearing the pressure.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 , it further includes a horizontal displacement detector 612 and an axial displacement detector 622. The horizontal displacement detector detects the horizontal moving distance of the lower box 510, and the axial displacement detector 622 detects the axial moving distance of the first pressing plate 530 or the second pressing plate 540. Particularly, two horizontal displacement detectors 612 are provided, respectively located at both ends of the lower box 510, and more accurate horizontal displacement data is obtained by integrating the two horizontal displacement detectors 612; two axial displacement detectors 622 are also provided and are symmetrically arranged with the axial servo hydraulic cylinder 620 as the center, and more accurate axial displacement data is obtained by integrating the two axial displacement detectors 622.

[0063] Particularly, it further includes a positioning device. The positioning device includes a photoelectric sensor and a fixer. The photoelectric sensor detects whether the moving bottom plate 400 is in place, and the fixer is used to fix the moving bottom plate 400. The fixer can use a connecting plate with a waist-shaped groove and bolts to connect the moving bottom plate 400 to the main frame 100 or the moving guide rail 200 for fixing.

[0064] It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) involved in the embodiments of the present utility model, then such directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between various components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the attached drawings). If this specific posture changes, then the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0065] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present utility model, then such descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

[0066] In summary, for a direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil provided by the present utility model, during the compression test, it is axially pressed downward by an axial servo hydraulic cylinder, and an axial pressure sensor acquires compression data. During the direct shear test, the lower box is pushed by a horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder, and the lower box moves on a horizontal guide rail platform, and a horizontal pressure sensor acquires direct shear data. Moreover, when placing or removing the specimen in the shear box, the shear box can be pulled out by moving the guide rail, which is convenient to operate.

[0067] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not impose any form of limitation on the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to it as equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present utility model, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present utility model still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil, characterized in that, Including: The main frame includes a base, side frames, and a top frame. One end of two relatively spaced side frames is connected to the base, and the other end is connected to the top frame. The moving guide rails include a first guide rail and a second guide rail that are spaced and installed on the base. The horizontal guide rail platform is arranged between the first guide rail and the second guide rail. The moving bottom plate includes a main board that slidably cooperates with the horizontal guide rail platform, and sliding feet arranged on both sides of the main board and slidably cooperating with the moving guide rails. The shearing box includes a lower box and an upper box that are detachably connected. The lower box is fixed on the moving bottom plate, and a first abutting portion is provided at one end of the lower box. The horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder is fixed on one of the side frames and is correspondingly arranged with the first abutting portion. The axial servo hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the top frame and extends towards the base direction. The horizontal pressure sensor is fixed at the end of the horizontal servo hydraulic cylinder. The axial pressure sensor is fixed at the end of the axial servo hydraulic cylinder.

2. The direct shear and compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper box extends with a second abutting portion away from the first abutting portion.

3. The direct shear and compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil according to claim 2, wherein, A travel switch is fixed on the side frame that cooperates with the second abutting portion.

4. A direct shear and compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil according to claim 2, characterized in that, A backing plate is fixed on the side frame that cooperates with the second abutting portion corresponding to the second abutting portion.

5. A direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cushion block is fixed on the first abutting portion.

6. A direct shear and compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing groove is provided on the moving bottom plate, and a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove. The bottom of the lower box is provided with a folded edge that turns outwards, and the folded edge presses the sealing ring and is fixedly connected to the moving bottom plate.

7. A direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the lower box is provided with a first extension plate that extends horizontally outwards, and the bottom of the upper box is provided with a second extension plate that extends horizontally outwards. A sealing ring groove is provided between the first extension plate and the second extension plate, and a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing ring groove. The first extension plate and the second extension plate press the sealing ring and are fixedly screwed.

8. A direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal guide rail platform includes a front mounting plate, a bearing block, a rear mounting plate, and rollers. One end of several spaced rollers is rotatably connected to the front mounting plate, and the other end is connected to the rear mounting plate. Several bearing blocks are arranged between the front mounting plate and the rear mounting plate, and there is a height gap between the bearing blocks and the rollers.

9. A direct shear compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shearing box includes a first pressing plate and a second pressing plate that are stacked up and down. The second pressing plate is adapted to the inner diameter of the shearing box, and the first pressing plate is arranged on the second pressing plate and is provided with a bearing groove.

10. A direct shear and compression testing machine for coarse-grained soil according to claim 9, characterized in that, It further includes a horizontal displacement detector and an axial displacement detector. The horizontal displacement detector detects the horizontal moving distance of the lower box, and the axial displacement detector detects the axial moving distance of the first pressing plate or the second pressing plate.

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