Unstacking and stacking device for multiple layers of trays

Abstract

An unstacking and stacking device for multiple layers of trays comprises a conveyor, an unstacking and stacking station is arranged on the conveyor, a lifting channel is arranged on the unstacking and stacking station, a lifting platform is arranged below the lifting channel and comprises a lifting frame and a fixing frame, the fixing frame is fixed to a rack of the conveyor, and the lifting frame is fixed to the rack of the conveyor. The lifting frame is arranged above the fixing frame through a two-stage lifting air cylinder, the two-stage lifting air cylinder is used for driving the lifting frame to vertically ascend and descend through the lifting channel, and after the two-stage lifting air cylinder completely retracts, the top face of the lifting frame is lower than the conveying face of the conveyor; two shifting fork assemblies are oppositely arranged on the two sides of the unstacking and stacking station, each shifting fork assembly comprises a horizontal telescopic air cylinder, a push plate and a supporting fork head, the outer side plate face of each push plate is fixed to the end of a piston rod of the corresponding horizontal telescopic air cylinder, and each supporting fork head is fixed to the inner side plate face of the corresponding push plate; the supporting fork heads of the shifting fork assemblies on the two sides are located at the same height. The tray unstacking and stacking device is simple in structure and capable of effectively achieving unstacking and stacking of trays.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of palletizing and packing, and particularly relates to a pallet de-palletizing and palletizing device for multi-layer pallets. Background Technique

[0002] In the field of palletizing and packing, the stacking of empty pallets one by one is called the palletizing process, and the disassembly of pallets one by one in a pallet stack can be called the de-palletizing process. Therefore, palletizing and de-palletizing are two reverse operation processes. In the palletizing and de-palletizing processes, they can be completed manually or mechanically. Manual palletizing and de-palletizing have high labor intensity, low efficiency, and certain risks. When using machinery for palletizing and de-palletizing, it usually needs to be carried out on conveying equipment and assisted by a manipulator to grab pallets, so the structure is relatively complex and the equipment investment is large. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a pallet de-palletizing and palletizing device for multi-layer pallets, which realizes the de-palletizing and palletizing of pallets by the cooperation of the lifting of a cylinder and the telescoping of a fork assembly.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a pallet de-palletizing and palletizing device for multi-layer pallets, including a conveyor, a de-palletizing and palletizing station is arranged on the conveyor, a lifting channel is arranged at the de-palletizing and palletizing station, a lifting platform is arranged below the lifting channel, the lifting platform includes a lifting frame and a fixed frame, the fixed frame is fixed on the frame of the conveyor, the lifting frame is arranged above the fixed frame through a double-stage lifting cylinder, and the double-stage lifting cylinder is used to drive the lifting frame to vertically lift through the lifting channel. After the double-stage lifting cylinder is fully retracted, the top surface of the lifting frame is lower than the conveying surface of the conveyor;

[0005] Two fork assemblies are arranged oppositely on both sides of the de-palletizing and palletizing station. The fork assembly includes a horizontal telescopic cylinder, a push plate and a supporting fork head. The outer plate surface of the push plate is fixed at the end of the piston rod of the horizontal telescopic cylinder, and the supporting fork head is fixed on the inner plate surface of the push plate, and the supporting fork heads of the two fork assemblies on both sides are at the same height.

[0006] The double-stage lifting cylinder includes a first-stage lifting cylinder and a second-stage lifting cylinder. The bottom of the cylinder body of the first-stage lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder body of the second-stage lifting cylinder. The piston rod of the first-stage lifting cylinder extends downward and is fixed on the bottom plate of the fixed frame. The piston rod of the second-stage lifting cylinder passes through the cylinder hole on the top plate of the fixed frame and is connected to the bottom plate of the lifting frame.

[0007] Furthermore, a guiding assembly is also arranged between the lifting frame and the fixed frame of the lifting platform. The guiding assembly includes a sliding part and a fixed part that slide relative to each other.

[0008] Further, the sliding part is a guide rod, the fixed part is a guide sleeve, the guide sleeve vertically penetrates through the top plate of the fixed frame, the guide rod is slidably arranged in the guide sleeve, and the top of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the lifting frame.

[0009] Furthermore, two sets of the guiding assemblies are provided and are respectively located on opposite sides of the fixed frame.

[0010] Alternatively, the sliding part is two guide rods, the fixed part is two guide sleeves, the guide sleeves vertically penetrate through the top plate of the fixed frame, the guide rods are slidably arranged in the guide sleeves, and the tops of the guide rods are fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the lifting frame; one set of guiding assembly is provided on each of the opposite sides of the fixed frame.

[0011] Further, connecting plates are also connected to the bottoms of the two guide rods on the same side of the fixed frame.

[0012] The conveyor is provided with two parallel and spaced-apart conveyor belts, and the upper surface of the conveyor belt is the conveying surface.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The structure of the present utility model is simple. Through the lifting action of the double-stage lifting cylinder and the telescopic action of the fork assembly, the pallet depalletizing and palletizing can be realized without additionally arranging a manipulator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 is the front view of the lifting platform in the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 is the axonometric view of the lifting platform in the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the first step of the depalletizing process of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the second step of the depalletizing process of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the third step of the depalletizing process of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the fourth step of the depalletizing process of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the fifth step of the depalletizing process of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 9 is the schematic diagram of the first step of the palletizing process of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second palletizing process of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the third palletizing process of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth palletizing process of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth palletizing process of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth palletizing process of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the seventh palletizing process of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the eighth palletizing process of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the ninth palletizing process of the present utility model;

[0031] Markings in the figure: 1. Conveyor, 101. Conveyor belt, 2. Fork assembly, 201. Horizontal telescopic cylinder, 202. Pusher plate, 203. Support fork head, 3. Lifting platform, 301. Lifting frame, 302. Fixed frame, 302-1. Cylinder through hole, 303. Guide assembly, 303-1. Guide sleeve, 303-2. Guide rod, 303-3. Connecting plate, 304. First-level lifting cylinder, 305. Second-level lifting cylinder, 4. Pallet stack, 5. Pallet, 501. Notch groove. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but it shall not be used as a basis for any limitation to the utility model.

[0033] Referring to the attached Figures 1-3 As shown, a multi-layer pallet depalletizing and palletizing device includes a conveyor 1, a fork assembly 2, and a lifting platform 3. The conveyor 1 has two parallel and spaced conveyor belts 101; a depalletizing and palletizing station is provided between the two conveyor belts 101. A lifting channel is left at the depalletizing and palletizing station, and the lifting platform 3 is arranged at the lifting channel. After the lifting platform 3 completely descends, it is lower than the conveying surface of the conveyor belt 101. Two fork assemblies 2 are oppositely arranged on both sides of the depalletizing and palletizing station.

[0034] Specifically, the structure of the lifting platform 3 is as shown in Figure 2 、 3As shown in the figure, the lifting platform 3 includes a lifting frame 301 at the upper part and a fixed frame 302 at the lower part. The fixed frame 302 is fixed on the frame of the conveyor 1. It also includes a double-stage lifting cylinder, which is fixed on the fixed frame 302. The double-stage lifting cylinder is used to drive the lifting frame 301 to vertically lift through the lifting channel. The top surface of the lifting frame 301 is a supporting surface for supporting the tray. After the double-stage lifting cylinder is fully retracted, the top surface of the lifting frame 301 is lower than the conveyor belt 101.

[0035] More specifically, the double-stage cylinder includes a first-stage lifting cylinder 304 and a second-stage lifting cylinder 305. The bottom of the cylinder body of the first-stage lifting cylinder 304 and the bottom of the cylinder body of the second-stage lifting cylinder 305 are fixedly connected. The piston rod of the first-stage lifting cylinder 304 extends downward and is fixed on the bottom plate of the fixed frame 302. The piston rod of the second-stage lifting cylinder 305 passes through the cylinder hole 302-1 on the top plate of the fixed frame 302 and is connected to the bottom plate of the lifting frame 301. After the piston rod of the first-stage lifting cylinder 304 extends, it pushes the cylinder body of the first-stage lifting cylinder 304 and the whole second-stage lifting cylinder 305 to rise, and the second-stage lifting cylinder 305 can pass through the cylinder hole 302-1 to lift the lifting frame 301 by a certain distance; after the piston rod of the second-stage lifting cylinder 305 extends, only the lifting frame 301 is lifted by a certain distance. Therefore, after using the double-stage lifting cylinder, the lifting frame 301 has three positions, namely the initial position, the intermediate position and the highest position.

[0036] To ensure the stable lifting of the lifting frame 301, the lifting platform 3 is also provided with a guiding component 303. The guiding component 303 includes a guiding sleeve 303-1 and a guiding rod 303-2. The guiding sleeve 303-1 is vertically arranged through the top plate of the fixed frame 302, and the guiding rod 303-2 is slidably arranged in the guiding sleeve 303-1. The upper end of the guiding rod 303-2 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the lifting frame 301. Two sets of guiding components 303 are provided, which are respectively located on the opposite sides of the fixed frame 302.

[0037] Preferably, the guiding component 303 includes two guiding sleeves 303-1, two guiding rods 303-2 and a connecting plate 303-3. The guiding sleeve 303-1 and the guiding rod 303-2 are in sliding fit. The lower ends of the two guiding rods 303-2 are connected by the connecting plate 303-3. The width of the connecting plate 303-3 is greater than the diameter of the guiding rod 303-2. In this way, a total of four guiding rods 303-2 are arranged on both sides of the fixed frame 302, which can ensure the more stable lifting action of the lifting frame 301, and the setting of the connecting plate 303-3 can ensure the synchronous movement of the two guiding rods 303-2 in the guiding component 303 on the same side, avoiding the skew and jamming of the guiding rod 303-2.

[0038] Such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the fork assembly 2 includes a horizontally telescopic cylinder 201, a push plate 202 and a support fork head 203. The horizontally telescopic cylinder 201 is fixed to the side of the frame of the conveyor 1. The outer plate surface of the push plate 202 is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the horizontally telescopic cylinder 201. The plate surface of the push plate 202 is arranged vertically. The support fork head 203 is fixed to the inner plate surface of the push plate 202, and the support surface of the support fork head 203 is a horizontal plane.

[0039] The heights of the two fork assemblies 2 on both sides of the conveyor 1 are the same, so that the support surfaces of the support fork heads 203 on both sides are on the same horizontal plane, so as to stably support the tray or the pallet stack.

[0040] The palletizing and depalletizing device of the present utility model can complete the palletizing of empty pallets and the depalletizing of pallet stacks. The depalletizing process and the palletizing process will be described in detail below.

[0041] It should be noted that a notch groove is provided on the side surface of the tray. The upper part and the side surface of the notch groove are open. The support fork head of the fork assembly can enter the notch groove from the side and support the bottom of the upper layer of the tray through the lifting of the tray.

[0042] The depalletizing process is as Figures 4-8 shown, and includes the following steps:

[0043] Step 1, as Figure 4 shown, the first-stage lifting cylinder 304 and the second-stage lifting cylinder 305 are both in the contracted state, the push plate 202 of the fork assembly 2 is in the retracted state, and the pallet stack 4 is conveyed to the depalletizing and palletizing station through the conveyor belt 101 and stays above the lifting platform 3;

[0044] Step 2, as Figure 5 shown, the piston rods of the first-stage lifting cylinder 304 and the second-stage lifting cylinder 305 all extend, and the lifting frame 301 raises the pallet stack 4 to the highest position;

[0045] Step 3, as Figure 6 shown, the first-stage lifting cylinder 304 keeps the piston rod extended, and the piston rod of the second-stage lifting cylinder 305 retracts. At this time, the notch groove 501 on the side surface of the bottommost tray in the pallet stack 4 is aligned with the support fork head 203 in the fork assembly 2;

[0046] Step 4, as Figure 7 shown, the push plates 202 of the two fork assemblies 2 extend, so that the support fork heads 203 on the push plates 202 are inserted into the notch groove 501 on the side surface of the bottommost tray in the pallet stack 4;

[0047] Step 5, as Figure 8As shown in the figure, the piston rod of the secondary lifting cylinder 305 remains retracted, and the piston rod of the primary lifting cylinder 304 retracts, causing the entire pallet stack 4 to descend. The bottommost pallet lands on the conveyor belt 101, and the remaining pallets land on the support fork heads 203 of the fork assembly 2;

[0048] Step 6: The conveyor belt 101 sends out the removed pallet 5 from the palletizing and depalletizing station;

[0049] Step 7: Repeat the above Steps 2 - 6 until the depalletizing is completed.

[0050] It should be noted that when there is only the last pallet 5 of the pallet stack 4 supported on the fork assembly 2, the secondary lifting cylinder 305 can be raised. After the lifting frame 301 jacks up this pallet 5, the push plate 202 of the fork assembly 2 retracts, and then the secondary lifting cylinder 305 retracts, causing this pallet 5 to land on the conveyor belt 101. Or, the last pallet 5 can be jacked up and then dropped by the primary lifting cylinder 304.

[0051] The palletizing process of the pallet 5 is as Figures 9-17 shown, and includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: As Figure 9 shown, both the primary lifting cylinder 304 and the secondary lifting cylinder 305 are in the retracted state, the push plate 202 of the fork assembly 2 is in the retracted state, and a single pallet 5 is conveyed by the conveyor belt 101 to the palletizing and depalletizing station and stays above the lifting platform 3;

[0053] Step 2: As Figure 10 shown, the piston rods of both the primary lifting cylinder 304 and the secondary lifting cylinder 305 fully extend, and the lifting frame 301 raises the pallet 5 to the highest position;

[0054] Step 3: As Figure 11 shown, the push plates 202 of the two fork assemblies 2 extend, causing the support fork heads 203 to be located below the pallet 5;

[0055] Step 4: As Figure 12 shown, the primary lifting cylinder 304 maintains the extended state of its piston rod, and the piston rod of the secondary lifting cylinder 305 retracts, causing the pallet 5 to land on the support fork heads 203 of the two fork assemblies 2;

[0056] Step 5: As Figure 13 shown, the piston rod of the secondary lifting cylinder 305 remains retracted, the piston rod of the primary lifting cylinder 304 retracts, and the lifting frame 301 drops below the conveyor belt 101;

[0057] Step 6: As Figure 14 shown, another pallet 5 is sent by the conveyor belt 101 to the palletizing and depalletizing station and stays above the lifting platform 3;

[0058] Step 7, as Figure 15 shown, the piston rod of the secondary lifting cylinder 305 extends, and the lifting frame 301 jacks up the upper pallet stack;

[0059] Step 8, as Figure 16 shown, keeping the secondary lifting cylinder 305 in the extended state, the push plates 202 of the two fork assemblies 2 retract, leaving the pallet 5, the piston rod of the primary lifting cylinder 304 extends, and the lifting frame 301 jacks up the pallet stack to the highest position;

[0060] Step 9, keeping the primary lifting cylinder 304 and the secondary lifting cylinder 305 in the extended state, the push plates 202 of the two fork assemblies 2 extend, so that the supporting fork heads 203 are located below the bottommost pallet 5;

[0061] Step 10, repeat Steps 4 - 9 until the last pallet 5 to be palletized reaches the depalletizing and palletizing station;

[0062] Step 11, the piston rod of the secondary lifting cylinder 305 extends, the push plates 202 of the two fork assemblies 2 retract, leaving the pallet, the piston rod of the primary lifting cylinder 304 extends, the lifting frame 301 jacks up the pallet stack to the highest position, and finally the piston rods of the primary lifting cylinder 304 and the secondary lifting cylinder 305 all retract, and the whole pallet stack falls on the conveyor belt 101 and is sent out by the conveyor belt.

[0063] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit them. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the specific implementation manners of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced by referring to the above embodiments. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention is within the scope of protection of the claims pending for approval.

Claims

1. A depalletizing and palletizing device for a multi-layer pallet, comprising a conveyor, and a depalletizing and palletizing station is arranged on the conveyor, characterized in that: The palletizing and depalletizing station is provided with a lifting channel, and a lifting platform is arranged below the lifting channel. The lifting platform includes a lifting frame and a fixed frame. The fixed frame is fixed on the frame of the conveyor. The lifting frame is arranged above the fixed frame through a double-stage lifting cylinder. The double-stage lifting cylinder is used to drive the lifting frame to vertically lift through the lifting channel. After the double-stage lifting cylinder fully retracts, the top surface of the lifting frame is lower than the conveying surface of the conveyor. Two fork assemblies are oppositely arranged on both sides of the palletizing and depalletizing station. The fork assembly includes a horizontal telescopic cylinder, a push plate and a support fork head. The outer plate surface of the push plate is fixed at the end of the piston rod of the horizontal telescopic cylinder. The support fork head is fixed on the inner plate surface of the push plate, and the support fork heads of the two fork assemblies on both sides are at the same height.

2. The depalletizing and palletizing device for the multi-layer tray according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-stage lifting cylinder includes a first-stage lifting cylinder and a second-stage lifting cylinder. The bottom of the cylinder body of the first-stage lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder body of the second-stage lifting cylinder. The piston rod of the first-stage lifting cylinder extends downward and is fixed on the bottom plate of the fixed frame. The piston rod of the second-stage lifting cylinder passes through the cylinder hole on the top plate of the fixed frame and is connected to the bottom plate of the lifting frame.

3. The depalletizing and palletizing device for the multi-layer tray according to claim 1, wherein: A guiding assembly is further arranged between the lifting frame and the fixed frame of the lifting platform. The guiding assembly includes a sliding part and a fixed part that slide relative to each other.

4. The unstacking and stacking device for the multi-layer tray according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding part is a guiding rod, and the fixed part is a guiding sleeve. The guiding sleeve vertically passes through the top plate of the fixed frame, and the guiding rod is slidably arranged in the guiding sleeve. The top of the guiding rod is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the lifting frame.

5. The depalletizing and palletizing device for the multi-layer pallet according to claim 4, wherein: Two sets of the guiding assemblies are arranged on the opposite sides of the fixed frame respectively.

6. The unstacking and stacking device for the multi-layer tray according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding part is two guiding rods, and the fixed part is two guiding sleeves. The guiding sleeves vertically pass through the top plate of the fixed frame, and the guiding rods are slidably arranged in the guiding sleeves. The tops of the guiding rods are fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the lifting frame. One set of guiding assembly is arranged on each of the opposite sides of the fixed frame.

7. The depalletizing and palletizing device for the multi-layer tray according to claim 3, characterized in that: Connecting plates are further connected to the bottoms of the two guiding rods on the same side of the fixed frame.

8. The depalletizing and palletizing device for the multi-layer tray according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveyor is provided with two parallel and spaced conveying belts, and the upper surface of the conveying belt is the conveying surface.

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