Centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device which comprises a cross-shaped base, a stepping motor is fixedly installed on the top of the cross-shaped base, a wire is arranged outside the stepping motor, a control host is fixedly installed on the right side of the wire, and a control panel is arranged on the front face of the control host. According to the centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device, the device is kept in a horizontal state through the cross-shaped base, then a proper test ball is connected with a first connecting buckle on a test rod of a digital dynamometer through a pearl chain, then the test ball is placed in a groove, then a control host is turned on, and a stepping motor is controlled to rotate through a control panel; and the test ball is prevented from flying out to cause damage through the protective cover, so that the digital dynamometer is matched to accurately calculate the quality, centripetal force and the like of the test ball, the learning interest of students in learning centripetal force in physics is improved, and the teaching quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical experiment equipment, in particular to a centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device. Background Technique

[0002] Mechanical experiment equipment is essential equipment and tools for conducting mechanical experiments. Their main function is to provide experimental conditions for studying the motion and deformation laws of objects under the action of forces, and can also be used to test some basic laws in physics and mechanics.

[0003] After retrieval, according to the utility model patent with the Chinese patent publication number CN206628157U, a new type of centripetal force quantitative comparison and demonstration experiment instrument is disclosed. In this new type of centripetal force quantitative comparison and demonstration experiment instrument, a motor is used to drive a rotating shaft, and an electric control box is used to control the rotational speed and angular velocity. The mass of the rotating object can use large and small balls with different masses, and the rotation radius of the sphere can be controlled by the different distances from the ball placement position to the rotating shaft. The magnitude of the centripetal force in different cases can be displayed by the different vertical distances of the sleeve moving down and different color rings or scales, which is beneficial to making up for the lack of such an experimental device for quantitatively comparing and demonstrating the relationship between the magnitude of the centripetal force and related quantities in current physical laboratories in universities and middle schools.

[0004] However, this new type of centripetal force quantitative comparison and demonstration experiment instrument cannot accurately measure the mass of the small ball, the rotation radius, the rotational angular velocity and the centripetal force, cannot improve the learning interest of students in centripetal mechanics in physics learning, and at the same time does not have a protective structure to prevent the small ball from flying out and causing accidental injuries. Therefore, a centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device is proposed. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device, which has the advantages of accurately measuring experimental data and having a protective structure at the same time, and solves the problem that the structure of the existing device needs to be optimized.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: A centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device, including a cross base, a stepping motor is fixedly installed on the top of the cross base, a wire is arranged outside the stepping motor, a control host is fixedly installed on the right side of the wire, a control panel is arranged on the front of the control host, a top plate is fixedly installed on the top of the stepping motor, a mounting plate is fixedly installed at the output end of the stepping motor, a digital dynamometer is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting plate, a counterweight balance ball is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting plate, a pearl chain is movably connected to the left side of the digital dynamometer, a test ball is arranged on the left side of the pearl chain, a baffle is fixedly installed outside the mounting plate, an L-shaped plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate, and a protective cover is fixedly installed outside the L-shaped plate.

[0007] Further, there are four first threaded rods arranged inside the cross base. Two first nuts are threadedly connected to the outside of each first threaded rod. The opposite sides of the two first nuts are movably connected to the upper and lower sides of the cross base. A bottom block is fixedly installed at the bottom of each first threaded rod.

[0008] Further, the output end of the stepper motor penetrates through the bottom of the top plate and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate. A groove is formed inside the mounting plate. A test rod is fixedly installed on the left side of the digital dynamometer. A second threaded rod is fixedly installed on the right side of the test rod. A second nut is threadedly connected to the outside of the second threaded rod. A first connection buckle is fixedly installed on the left side of the second nut.

[0009] Further, there are three test balls. The weights of the three test balls are 0.1 kg, 0.2 kg, and 0.3 kg respectively. A second connection buckle is fixedly installed on the outside of each test ball. The outside of the pearl chain is adapted to the inside of the first connection buckle and the inside of the second connection buckle.

[0010] Further, there are two baffles. The two baffles are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the mounting plate. A scale is fixedly installed on the outside of each of the two baffles.

[0011] Further, there are twelve L-shaped plates. The outside of each of the twelve L-shaped plates is fixedly connected to the inside of the protective cover.

[0012] Further, a switch is fixedly installed on the top of the control host. Bluetooth modules adapted to each other are arranged inside the control host and the digital dynamometer.

[0013] Beneficial effects

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] For this centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device, the device is kept in a horizontal state through the cross base. Then, a suitable test ball is connected to the first connection buckle on the test rod of the digital dynamometer through the pearl chain. Then, the test ball is placed in the groove. Then, the control host is turned on and the stepper motor is controlled to rotate through the control panel, so as to drive the device on the mounting plate to rotate. The protective cover is used to prevent the test ball from flying out and causing injury. Thus, it cooperates with the digital dynamometer to accurately calculate the mass, centripetal force, etc. of the test ball, improve the learning interest of students in centripetal force in physics learning, and achieve the purpose of improving teaching quality. Description of the drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the control host of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a front sectional structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a partial top view structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a top view structural schematic diagram of the cross base of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a system structural schematic diagram of the control host of the present utility model.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Cross base; 2. Stepper motor; 3. Wire; 4. Control host; 5. Control panel; 6. Top plate; 7. Mounting plate; 8. Digital dynamometer; 9. Counterweight balance ball; 10. Pearl chain; 11. Test ball; 12. Baffle; 13. L-shaped plate; 14. Protective cover. Specific embodiments

[0023] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1-6 , a centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device, including a cross base 1, a stepper motor 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the cross base 1, a wire 3 is arranged outside the stepper motor 2, a control host 4 is fixedly installed on the right side of the wire 3, a control panel 5 is arranged on the front of the control host 4, a top plate 6 is fixedly installed on the top of the stepper motor 2, a mounting plate 7 is fixedly installed at the output end of the stepper motor 2, a digital dynamometer 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting plate 7, a counterweight balance ball 9 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting plate 7, a pearl chain 10 is movably connected to the left side of the digital dynamometer 8, a test ball 11 is arranged on the left side of the pearl chain 10, a baffle 12 is fixedly installed outside the mounting plate 7, an L-shaped plate 13 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate 6, and a protective cover 14 is fixedly installed outside the L-shaped plate 13.

[0025] Specifically, as Figure 3As shown, by rotating the nut outside the first threaded rod, the height of the cross base 1 can be adjusted to ensure that the rotation plane of the test ball 11 is parallel to the horizontal plane. By setting the L-shaped plate 13 and the protective cover 14, it is possible to prevent the hand from touching the rotating mounting plate 7 and being accidentally injured. At the same time, it can also prevent the test ball 11 from accidentally flying out during rotation, thus causing accidental injury, further improving the safety of the experiment.

[0026] Specifically, as Figure 6 shown, inside the control host 4, system control and data processing are carried out through the STM32F103RBT6 single-chip microcomputer, a 3.5-inch capacitive touch screen is used for data display and human-computer interaction, the servo motor controller is used to control the stepper motor 2, two 3S model airplane lithium batteries with a supply voltage of 24 volts supply power to the control host 4 and the stepper motor 2, and the Bluetooth module is responsible for data transmission with the digital dynamometer 8.

[0027] Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, the test ball 11 and the digital dynamometer 8 are fixed on the rotating shaft of the stepper motor 2 through the mounting plate 7. In order to prevent the test ball 11 from falling off from the side during accelerated rotation, an acrylic baffle 12 is added. A transparent scale is pasted on the baffle 12, which can well determine the rotation radius of the small ball. In order to prevent centrifugal vibration, a counterweight balance ball 9 is added at the other end. The measurement resolution of the digital dynamometer 8 is 0.01 N. The data of the digital dynamometer 8 is output through the serial port. In order to perform data interaction with the single-chip microcomputer, a Bluetooth module is connected inside the dynamometer, which can well solve the problem that data cannot be output outward through the data line when the dynamometer is rotating.

[0028] Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, this instrument can use the control variable method to quantitatively explore the quantitative relationship between centripetal force and the mass, rotation radius, and rotation angular velocity of the test ball 11. Explore the relationship between centripetal force and object mass: Keep the rotation radius r = 0.2 m of the test ball 11 and the rotation angular velocity (two turns per second) unchanged, change the mass of the test ball 11 to 0.1 kg, 0.2 kg, and 0.3 kg respectively, and measure the corresponding centripetal forces as 3.09 N, 6.18 N, and 9.33 N. It can be obtained that the centripetal force is proportional to the mass of the test ball 11. Explore the relationship between centripetal force and rotation radius: Keep the mass m = 0.2 kg of the test ball 11 and the rotation angular velocity (Rotating two circles per second) remains unchanged. The rotation radius of the test ball 11 is changed to 0.1 m, 0.2 m, and 0.3 m respectively, and the corresponding centripetal forces are measured as 3.12 N, 6.21 N, and 9.30 N. The relationship that the centripetal force is proportional to the rotation radius of the test ball 11 can be obtained. To explore the relationship between the centripetal force and the angular velocity: keeping the mass m = 0.2 kg and the rotation radius r = 0.2 m of the test ball 11 unchanged, the rotation angular velocities are changed to 2π rad / s, 4π rad / s, and 6π rad / s respectively, and the corresponding centripetal forces are measured as 1.55 N, 6.20 N, and 13.91 N. Since 1.55:6.20:13.91 ≈ 1²:2²:3², the relationship that the centripetal force is proportional to the square of the rotation angular velocity of the test ball 11 can be obtained. Through the above three quantitative explorations, it can be obtained that the centripetal force is proportional to the mass of the small ball, proportional to the rotation radius, and proportional to the square of the rotation angular velocity, that is:

[0029] F 向 = kmrω² 2

[0030] Substituting any set of data can obtain:

[0031] That is, the centripetal force formula is: F 向 = mrω² 2 .

[0032] During implementation, the operations are carried out according to the following steps:

[0033] 1) First, make the device keep a horizontal state through the cross base 1, and then connect a suitable test ball 11 to the digital force gauge 8 through the pearl chain 10;

[0034] 2) Then place the test ball 11 in the groove and turn on the control host 4;

[0035] 3) Then control the stepper motor 2 to rotate through the control panel 5, so as to test and calculate the test ball 11 through the digital force gauge 8;

[0036] 4) Finally, prevent the small ball from flying out and causing harm through the protective cover 14.

[0037] To sum up, for this centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device, the device is kept in a horizontal state through the cross base 1, and then a suitable test ball 11 is connected to the first connection buckle on the test rod of the digital force gauge 8 through the pearl chain 10. Then place the test ball 11 in the groove, then turn on the control host 4 and control the stepper motor 2 to rotate through the control panel 5, so as to drive the device on the mounting plate 7 to rotate. The protective cover 14 is used to prevent the test ball 11 from flying out and causing harm, so as to cooperate with the digital force gauge 8 to accurately calculate the mass, centripetal force, etc. of the test ball 11, improve the learning interest of students in centripetal force in physics learning, and achieve the purpose of improving the teaching quality.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the said element.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device, including a cross base (1), characterized in that: A stepping motor (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the cross base (1). A wire (3) is arranged outside the stepping motor (2). A control host (4) is fixedly installed on the right side of the wire (3). A control panel (5) is arranged on the front surface of the control host (4). A top plate (6) is fixedly installed on the top of the stepping motor (2). An output end of the stepping motor (2) is fixedly installed with a mounting plate (7). A digital dynamometer (8) is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting plate (7). A counterweight balance ball (9) is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting plate (7). A pearl chain (10) is movably connected to the left side of the digital dynamometer (8). A test ball (11) is arranged on the left side of the pearl chain (10). A baffle (12) is fixedly installed outside the mounting plate (7). An L-shaped plate (13) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the top plate (6). A protective cover (14) is fixedly installed outside the L-shaped plate (13).

2. The centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four first threaded rods are arranged inside the cross base (1). Two first nuts are threadedly connected to the outside of each first threaded rod. The opposite sides of the two first nuts are movably connected to the upper and lower sides of the cross base (1). A bottom block is fixedly installed at the bottom of each first threaded rod.

3. The centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the stepping motor (2) penetrates through the bottom of the top plate (6) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (7). A groove is formed inside the mounting plate (7). A test rod is fixedly installed on the left side of the digital dynamometer (8). A second threaded rod is fixedly installed on the right side of the test rod. A second nut is threadedly connected to the outside of the second threaded rod. A first connecting buckle is fixedly installed on the left side of the second nut.

4. The centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the test balls (11) is three. The weights of the three test balls (11) are 0.1 kg, 0.2 kg, and 0.3 kg respectively. A second connecting buckle is fixedly installed on the outside of each test ball (11). The outside of the pearl chain (10) is adapted to the inside of the first connecting buckle and the inside of the second connecting buckle.

5. The centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the baffles (12) is two. The two baffles (12) are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the mounting plate (7). Scales are fixedly installed on the outside of the two baffles (12).

6. The centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the L-shaped plates (13) is twelve. The outside of the twelve L-shaped plates (13) is fixedly connected to the inside of the protective cover (14).

7. The centripetal force quantitative experiment demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A switch is fixedly installed on the top of the control host (4). Bluetooth modules adapted to each other are arranged inside the control host (4) and inside the digital dynamometer (8).

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