Solar photovoltaic panel accumulated dirt on-line monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model provides a solar photovoltaic panel dirt accumulation on-line monitoring device, and belongs to the technical field of electric power industry on-line monitoring. The device comprises a microcontroller, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a power supply module, an optical monitoring module, an environment monitoring module and a communication module. The microcontroller is respectively connected with the analog-to-digital conversion module, the optical monitoring module and the communication module, and the optical monitoring module and the environment monitoring module are connected with the analog-to-digital conversion module; the power supply module supplies power to the device, the optical monitoring module monitors the dirt accumulation condition of the solar photovoltaic panel in real time, the environment monitoring module monitors the surrounding environment of the solar photovoltaic panel in real time, monitoring data is transmitted to the microcontroller through the analog-to-digital conversion module, and the microcontroller processes packaged data and uploads the packaged data to the server through the communication module. According to the utility model, an optical technology monitoring method is adopted, the dirt accumulation on-line monitoring of the solar photovoltaic panel can be realized, the working intensity of electric power working personnel is reduced, and the practicability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of on-line monitoring in the power industry, and particularly relates to an on-line monitoring device for the fouling of solar photovoltaic panels. Background Technique

[0002] Solar photovoltaic power generation is a green and environment-friendly power generation technology, and is also one of the important measures to promote the full implementation of China's sustainable development strategy. Its working principle is to convert photons in solar radiation into electric energy by using the photovoltaic effect. In a solar photovoltaic power generation system, the key component is the solar photovoltaic panel, and the surface material of the photovoltaic panel is quartz glass. Contaminants such as saline-alkali particulate matter, dust particles, and feces of flying birds in the atmospheric environment will deposit on the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel, reducing the transmittance of the photovoltaic panel surface, seriously affecting the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, and at the same time causing the temperature of the photovoltaic panel surface to rise, forming hot spots and damaging the photovoltaic panel.

[0003] The patent application number CN201611166088.X discloses an on-line monitoring device and method for the dust accumulation of solar photovoltaic panels. It inputs the dust accumulation condition image of the solar photovoltaic panel into the monitoring industrial control computer through a CCD camera, extracts the image color through configuration software, and constructs the correlation between the RGB parameters of the dust accumulation image of the solar photovoltaic panel and the power generation efficiency by using the association rules of big data theory, so as to realize the on-line monitoring of the dust accumulation state of the solar photovoltaic panel based on the image color extraction technology. This system can effectively improve the real-time performance of system monitoring, change the previous manual analysis method, and improve the accuracy. However, this method based on image color extraction technology has defects. There are blind spots for the camera on the solar photovoltaic panel, and environmental light will interfere with the extraction of the color of contaminants, so it cannot be widely applied to the fouling monitoring of solar photovoltaic panels.

[0004] With the further popularization and layout of solar photovoltaic power generation in China, it is very necessary to develop an on-line monitoring device for the fouling of solar photovoltaic panels that can stably and accurately monitor, has a low cost and can be deployed on a large scale to improve the photovoltaic economy. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to realize the on-line monitoring of the fouling of solar photovoltaic panels and pre-alarm the fouling condition stably and effectively, the utility model provides an on-line monitoring device for the fouling of solar photovoltaic panels, which uses optical technology to monitor the fouling condition of solar photovoltaic panels in real time. When too much contaminants deposit on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, it can timely send out a pre-alarm signal to remind to take countermeasures, reducing the labor intensity of power operation personnel.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present utility model is: an on-line monitoring device for the accumulation of dirt on a solar photovoltaic panel, which includes a microcontroller, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a power supply module, an optical monitoring module, an environmental monitoring module and a communication module; the microcontroller is respectively connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module, the optical monitoring module and the communication module, and the optical monitoring module and the environmental monitoring module are connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module; the power supply module supplies power for the operation of the device, the optical monitoring module is used to monitor the dirt accumulation condition of the solar photovoltaic panel in real time, the environmental monitoring module is used to monitor the environment around the solar photovoltaic panel in real time, the analog-to-digital conversion module transmits the monitoring data to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller processes and packages the data and uploads it to the server through the communication module.

[0007] For the above-mentioned on-line monitoring device for the accumulation of dirt on a solar photovoltaic panel, the optical monitoring module includes a laser diode, a beam splitter, quartz glass rod 1, quartz glass rod 2, photodiode 1 and photodiode 2; the input end of the laser diode is connected to the microcontroller, the output end of the laser diode is connected to the input end of the beam splitter, the output end of the beam splitter is respectively connected to the input ends of the photodiode 1 and the photodiode 2 through the quartz glass rod 1 and the quartz glass rod 2, and the output ends of the photodiode 1 and the photodiode 2 are connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module.

[0008] For the above-mentioned on-line monitoring device for the accumulation of dirt on a solar photovoltaic panel, the environmental monitoring module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light intensity sensor and a wind direction sensor, and the output ends of the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the light intensity sensor and the wind direction sensor are connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module.

[0009] For the above-mentioned on-line monitoring device for the accumulation of dirt on a solar photovoltaic panel, the power supply module supplies power to the microcontroller, the communication module, the analog-to-digital conversion module, the environmental monitoring module and the optical monitoring module.

[0010] For the above-mentioned on-line monitoring device for the accumulation of dirt on a solar photovoltaic panel, the communication module is wirelessly connected to the server using the 4G communication protocol.

[0011] For the above-mentioned on-line monitoring device for the accumulation of dirt on a solar photovoltaic panel, the laser diode adopts an ADL66505TM diode, which includes an OPA197 chip, an OPA656 chip and an OPA186 chip.

[0012] The above-mentioned on-line monitoring device for the fouling of solar photovoltaic panels, the quartz glass rod 1 is connected to the photodiode 1 for monitoring the fouling condition of the solar photovoltaic panel, and the quartz glass rod 2 is connected to the photodiode 2 as a reference signal; the quartz glass rod 1 and the quartz glass rod 2 are open rings, the annular bending angle is 270°, the annular bending diameter is 300 mm, and the rod core diameter is 6 mm.

[0013] The above-mentioned on-line monitoring device for the fouling of solar photovoltaic panels, both the photodiode 1 and the photodiode 2 adopt S1226 diodes, including an OPA656 chip.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the present utility model are that the optical technology is used to monitor the fouling condition of the solar photovoltaic panel, the control cost can be deployed on a large scale; it can cope with different climate environments and is not affected by the color of the fouling substances; the 4G communication protocol is adopted, and the power operation personnel can consult the fouling condition of the solar photovoltaic panel in real time through a smart phone or a computer terminal. When the fouling data reaches the warning threshold, corresponding measures can be taken in time to ensure that the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation is not affected. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is the structural framework diagram of the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 It is the laser diode drive circuit of the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 It is the quartz glass rod data of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 It is the photodiode circuit of the present utility model. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] To further elaborate on the technical solution of the present utility model, the following will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings.

[0020] The working principle of the present utility model is the optical field distribution theory and the light energy loss mechanism in the dielectric optical waveguide, and an on-line monitoring device for the fouling of solar photovoltaic panels is provided, such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, it includes a microcontroller, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a power supply module, an optical monitoring module, an environmental monitoring module, and a communication module. The microcontroller is respectively connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module, the optical monitoring module, and the communication module. The optical monitoring module and the environmental monitoring module are connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module. The power supply module supplies power for the operation of the device. The optical monitoring module is used to monitor the fouling condition of the solar photovoltaic panel in real time. The environmental monitoring module is used to monitor the environment around the solar photovoltaic panel in real time. The analog-to-digital conversion module transmits the monitoring data to the microcontroller. The microcontroller processes and packages the data and uploads it to the server through the communication module.

[0021] In this embodiment, the optical monitoring module includes a laser diode, a beam splitter, quartz glass rod 1, quartz glass rod 2, photodiode 1, and photodiode 2. The input end of the laser diode is connected to the microcontroller. The output end of the laser diode is connected to the input end of the beam splitter. The output end of the beam splitter is respectively connected to the input ends of photodiode 1 and photodiode 2 through quartz glass rod 1 and quartz glass rod 2. The output ends of photodiode 1 and photodiode 2 are connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module.

[0022] Specifically, in this embodiment, the laser diode uses an ADL66505TM diode, which includes an OPA197 chip, an OPA656 chip, and an OPA186 chip. As Figure 2 shown, the OPA186 chip is an open-loop design for offset current zeroing, where the resistor PR1 is a variable resistor. The OPA197 chip is a closed-loop design for providing a reference voltage, where the resistor R1 is used to introduce feedback, and the resistor R2 is a thermistor for sensing the temperature of the laser diode ADL66505TM. The OPA656 chip is used to generate a constant current to drive the laser diode ADL66505TM, where the resistor R4 is used to set the constant current. The beneficial effect of this laser diode drive circuit is that the thermistor R2 senses the temperature of the laser diode ADL66505TM in real time, thereby realizing closed-loop control of the laser diode ADL66505TM to generate a laser source with constant light energy.

[0023] Specifically, in this embodiment, quartz glass rod 1 and photodiode 1 are connected to monitor the fouling condition of the solar photovoltaic panel, and quartz glass rod 2 and photodiode 2 are connected as a reference signal. As Figure 3 shown, quartz glass rod 1 and quartz glass rod 2 are open-loop rings, with a circular bending angle of 270°, a circular bending diameter of 300 mm, and a rod core diameter of 6 mm.

[0024] Specifically, in this embodiment, both the photodiode 1 and the photodiode 2 use S1226 diodes, including the OPA656 chip. As Figure 4 shown, the OPA656 chip enables the S1226 diode to operate in the photovoltaic mode. The voltage across the S1226 diode is zero, and the dark current is small. At the same time, the linearity and sensitivity reach the highest level and the noise level is relatively low. The photovoltaic effect is used to generate an induced current, which is converted into a voltage signal by the OPA656 chip. At the same time, the resistors R7, R8, and R9 form a T-network for adjusting the gain. The beneficial effect of this photodiode circuit is that the induced current of the S1226 diode is converted into a voltage signal, and the T-network composed of the resistors R7, R8, and R9 is used to adjust the gain. The OPA656 is a closed-loop design, which can effectively reduce the influence of thermal noise and also reduce the influence of the bias current.

[0025] In this embodiment, the microcontroller is an STM32 single-chip microcomputer. In the specific implementation, a real-time operating system is adopted to perform task scheduling on the optical monitoring module, the environmental monitoring module, the analog-to-digital conversion module, and the communication module in real time to ensure the normal operation of the device.

[0026] In this embodiment, the environmental monitoring module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light intensity sensor, and a wind direction sensor. The output ends of the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the light intensity sensor, and the wind direction sensor are connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module. This environmental monitoring module is used to monitor the ambient temperature, humidity, light intensity, and wind direction around the solar photovoltaic panel in real time and transmit the monitoring data to the analog-to-digital conversion module.

[0027] In this embodiment, the power supply module supplies power to the microcontroller, the communication module, the analog-to-digital conversion module, the environmental monitoring module, and the optical monitoring module.

[0028] In this embodiment, the communication module uses the Quectel Air780EG chip and is wirelessly connected to the server using the 4G communication protocol to upload the solar photovoltaic panel fouling data to the server in real time. The beneficial effect brought by this communication module is that power operation personnel can view the fouling status of the solar photovoltaic panel in real time through a smartphone or computer terminal. When the fouling data reaches the warning threshold, they can be reminded in time to take corresponding measures to ensure that the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is not affected.

[0029] The working principle of the present utility model is as follows: the environmental monitoring module monitors the temperature, humidity, light intensity and wind direction around the solar photovoltaic panel in real time, and transmits the monitoring data to the microcontroller via the analog-to-digital conversion module; the laser diode in the optical monitoring module generates laser with constant light energy, which is split into two beams of laser with relatively constant light energy by the optical splitter. The quartz glass rod 1 is placed around the solar photovoltaic panel, while the quartz glass rod 2 is isolated from the outside. One beam of laser establishes a stable light transmission path in the quartz glass rod 1 to monitor the fouling condition of the solar photovoltaic panel. When the surface of the quartz glass rod 1 is deposited with dirt, the light energy of this beam of laser will attenuate. The photodiode 1 at the end of the path converts the fouling condition into an electrical signal. The other beam of light establishes a stable light transmission path in the quartz glass rod 2 as a reference signal, and the photodiode 2 at the end of the path converts the reference signal into an electrical signal. Both signals are transmitted to the microcontroller via the analog-to-digital conversion module; the microcontroller combines the environmental data around the solar photovoltaic panel, processes and packages the two laser signals, and uploads them to the server via the communication module. Power operation personnel can view the fouling condition of the solar photovoltaic panel in real time through a smartphone or computer terminal. When the fouling data reaches the warning threshold, corresponding measures can be taken in time to ensure that the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is not affected; during the operation of the device, the power supply module powers the operation of the device.

[0030] An on-line fouling monitoring device for solar photovoltaic panels provided by the present utility model has the following beneficial effects: it uses optical technology to monitor the fouling condition of solar photovoltaic panels, can be deployed on a large scale with low cost control; can cope with different climate environments and is not affected by the color of the fouling substances; adopts the 4G communication protocol, and power operation personnel can view the fouling condition of solar photovoltaic panels in real time through a smartphone or computer terminal. When the fouling data reaches the warning threshold, corresponding measures can be taken in time to ensure that the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is not affected.

[0031] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and do not limit the patent scope of the present utility model accordingly. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made by using the specification and drawings of the present utility model are all included in the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An on-line monitoring device for the fouling of a solar photovoltaic panel, comprising a microcontroller, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a power supply module, an optical monitoring module, an environmental monitoring module and a communication module, characterized in that: The microcontroller is respectively connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module, the optical monitoring module and the communication module. The optical monitoring module and the environmental monitoring module are connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module. The power supply module supplies power for the operation of the device. The optical monitoring module is used to monitor the fouling condition of the solar photovoltaic panel in real time. The environmental monitoring module is used to monitor the environment around the solar photovoltaic panel in real time. The analog-to-digital conversion module transmits the monitoring data to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller processes and packages the data and uploads it to the server through the communication module.

2. The on-line monitoring device for fouling of a solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical monitoring module includes a laser diode, a beam splitter, quartz glass rod 1, quartz glass rod 2, photodiode 1 and photodiode 2. The input end of the laser diode is connected to the microcontroller, the output end of the laser diode is connected to the input end of the beam splitter, and the output end of the beam splitter is respectively connected to the input end of photodiode 1 and the input end of photodiode 2 through quartz glass rod 1 and quartz glass rod 2. The output ends of photodiode 1 and photodiode 2 are connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module.

3. The on-line monitoring device for fouling of a solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental monitoring module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a light intensity sensor and a wind direction sensor. The output ends of the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the light intensity sensor and the wind direction sensor are connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module.

4. The on-line monitoring device for fouling of a solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module supplies power to the microcontroller, the communication module, the analog-to-digital conversion module, the environmental monitoring module and the optical monitoring module.

5. An on-line monitoring device for fouling of a solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication module is wirelessly connected to the server using the 4G communication protocol.

6. The on-line monitoring device for dirt accumulation of a solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 2, characterized in that The laser diode uses an ADL66505TM diode, which includes an OPA197 chip, an OPA656 chip and an OPA186 chip.

7. The on-line monitoring device for fouling of a solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, Quartz glass rod 1 and photodiode 1 are connected to monitor the fouling condition of the solar photovoltaic panel, and quartz glass rod 2 and photodiode 2 are connected to be used as a reference signal. Quartz glass rod 1 and quartz glass rod 2 are open-loop rings, the annular bending angle is 270°, the annular bending diameter is 300 mm, and the rod core diameter is 6 mm.

8. The on-line monitoring device for fouling of a solar photovoltaic panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both photodiode 1 and photodiode 2 use S1226 diodes, which include an OPA656 chip.

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