Permanent magnet synchronous motor cooled by refrigerant

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of permanent magnet synchronous motors, in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor cooled by a refrigerant. Comprising a cooling machine shell, a stator and a rotor which are sequentially connected from inside to outside. Wherein the cooling casing comprises a casing and a cooling sleeve which are connected, the cooling sleeve is provided with a plurality of groups of spiral flow channels and annular flow channels, and a cooling medium cools the stator and the rotor through the spiral flow channels and the annular flow channels. The device can directly act on a rotor and a stator in the motor through a cooling medium to directly cool the rotor and the stator so as to realize cooling efficiency, and through the cooling sleeve integrated in the motor structure, the spiral flow channel and the annular flow channel are arranged on the cooling sleeve, so that the flow channels ensure stable flow of the cooling medium when the motor is in an operation state; the cooling medium can be directly contacted with a heating component immediately and gasified quickly, and the process is accompanied by the absorption of a large amount of heat, so that the internal temperature of the motor is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of permanent magnet synchronous motors, and particularly relates to a permanent magnet synchronous motor cooled by a refrigerant. Background Art

[0002] At present, the cooling methods of traditional motors mainly include natural cooling, forced air cooling and other cooling methods. Natural cooling relies on the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the motor surface for heat exchange, and its efficiency is limited by the ambient conditions and motor design, which is obviously insufficient for motors with high heat generation. Forced air cooling increases the air flow speed through a fan, improving the heat convection efficiency. However, under extreme working conditions, the heat conduction and convection capabilities of air are limited, making it difficult to meet the demand for rapid cooling.

[0003] At present, for high-speed and high-power motors, forced liquid cooling, especially oil cooling, is often used, which is an effective means to solve the thermal management problem of high-power and high-speed motors. Cooling oil can more effectively absorb and remove the heat generated inside the motor due to its high heat capacity and thermal conductivity. However, oil cooling also has some problems, such as strict requirements for oil sealing, high maintenance costs, and under extreme high temperature or high-speed rotation conditions, the stability and uniformity of the oil film may be affected, thereby affecting the cooling effect. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a permanent magnet synchronous motor cooled by a refrigerant. While the rotor and stator meet the motor rotation requirements, a cooling medium can be directly introduced for refrigeration, and the cooling medium can accurately penetrate to the surface of the motor stator or rotor, ensuring full contact between the cooling medium and the heat source and rapid gasification, thereby absorbing a large amount of heat and achieving efficient cooling.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A permanent magnet synchronous motor cooled by a refrigerant of the utility model includes a cooling housing, a stator and a rotor connected in sequence from the inside to the outside; the cooling housing includes an outer shell and a cooling sleeve connected together, and a plurality of spiral channels and annular channels are arranged on the cooling sleeve, and the cooling medium cools the stator and the rotor through the spiral channels and the annular channels.

[0007] As a further improvement, the spiral channels and the annular channels are separated by an O-ring.

[0008] As a further improvement, the outer shell is provided with an inlet for the cooling medium to enter and an outlet for the cooling medium to discharge, and the inlet is respectively connected to the spiral channels and the annular channels.

[0009] As a further improvement, a plurality of holes are evenly spaced on the spiral channels and the annular channels.

[0010] As a further improvement, the rotor includes a rotating shaft and a permanent magnet attached to the rotating shaft, and a carbon fiber sleeve and a balance ring are also attached to the permanent magnet.

[0011] As a further improvement, the permanent magnet includes a plurality of permanently magnetized segments bonded together.

[0012] As a further improvement, an aluminum partition is also included, which is disposed on the rotating shaft and separates the permanent magnet from the carbon fiber sleeve.

[0013] As a further improvement, the stator includes a segmented iron core, and an electrical insulation plate is provided between the iron cores.

[0014] As a further improvement, through holes for the cooling medium to pass through are provided on the electrical insulation plate.

[0015] As a further improvement, the cooling medium is R134A.

[0016] The utility model has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0017] In the utility model, the cooling medium can directly act on the rotor and stator in the motor for direct cooling to achieve the cooling efficiency. Through the cooling jacket integrated into the motor structure, the cooling jacket is provided with spiral flow channels and annular flow channels. The flow channels not only ensure the stable flow of the cooling medium when the motor is in operation, but also promote the full contact between the cooling medium and the surfaces of the rotor and stator. When the cooling medium contacts the stator and rotor, it can immediately come into direct contact with the heat-generating components and quickly vaporize. This process is accompanied by the absorption of a large amount of heat, thereby reducing the internal temperature of the motor. It not only improves the cooling efficiency, reduces the temperature rise of the motor, but also solves the problem that the traditional cooling method has poor effect under extreme working conditions.

[0018] In the utility model, the selected cooling medium takes into account the compatibility with the motor materials and the safety of the entire device. The cooling medium not only has the environmental protection characteristics of being non-corrosive, non-toxic and harmless to the motor materials, but also is convenient for subsequent recycling and treatment, effectively reducing the impact on the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the stator structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the electrical insulation plate of the stator structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cooling jacket of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the rotor cooling flow channel of the present utility model.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1, cooling housing; 1.1, annular flow channel; 1.2, spiral flow channel; 2, stator; 2.1, iron core; 2.2, electrical insulation board; 3, rotor; 3.1, rotating shaft; 3.2, left balance ring; 3.3, permanent magnet; 3.4, carbon fiber sleeve; 3.5, aluminum partition; 3.6, right balance ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present application include all changes, modifications and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0027] The examples of the present application will be described in detail below. The examples of the examples are shown in the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The examples described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application and should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0028] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, a permanent magnet synchronous motor cooled by a refrigerant of the present utility model includes a cooling housing 1, a stator 2 and a rotor 3 which are connected in sequence from inside to outside; wherein the cooling housing 1 includes a connected outer housing and a cooling jacket, and a plurality of groups of spiral flow channels 1.2 and annular flow channels 1.1 are provided on the cooling jacket, and a cooling medium cools the stator 2 and the rotor 3 through the spiral flow channels 1.2 and the annular flow channels 1.1.

[0029] The present utility model can directly cool the stator 2 and the rotor 3 in the motor by using the cooperation of the provided cooling housing 1 and the cooling medium, and directly contact and cool the surfaces of the rotor 3 and the stator 2 by the cooling medium, with good cooling effect, which can improve the cooling efficiency, reduce the temperature rise of the motor, and realize the reduction of the internal temperature of the motor.

[0030] The spiral flow channel 1.2 and the annular flow channel 1.1 are separated by an O-ring. As Figure 5The figure shows a schematic diagram of a cooling jacket. In the embodiment, an annular flow channel 1.1 is provided in the middle of the cooling jacket, and there are two sets of spiral flow channels 1.2, which are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the cooling jacket; in the embodiment, the annular flow channel 1.1 is used to cool the rotor 3, and the two spiral flow channels 1.2 are used to cool the stator 2.

[0031] As Figure 5 shown, in order to ensure the independence and sealing performance between the annular flow channel 1.1 and the spiral flow channel 1.2, a plurality of O-rings are provided as separation and sealing elements, effectively separating the two and avoiding the mutual interference and mixing of the cooling media; in addition, the O-rings not only achieve physical isolation between the flow channels, but also have a sealing performance that can significantly improve the sealing effect of the entire structure, ensuring the stable and efficient circulation of the cooling media in their respective flow channels, thereby achieving precise cooling of the rotor 3 and stator 2 components. In addition, the number of O-rings can be flexibly adjusted according to the requirements of specific usage scenarios to achieve the best sealing and separation effects, without being restricted by a specific number.

[0032] The housing is provided with an inlet for the cooling medium to enter and an outlet for the cooling medium to exit, and the inlet is respectively connected to the spiral flow channel 1.2 and the annular flow channel 1.1. In the embodiment, the housing is provided with a plurality of inlets, preferably three inlets, and the three inlets respectively correspond to a set of annular flow channels 1.1 and two sets of spiral flow channels 1.2. When the cooling medium enters through the inlet, it is cooled through the annular flow channel 1.1 and the spiral flow channel 1.2.

[0033] In the embodiment, the outlet provided can cooperate with the use of an external negative pressure pumping device. When the vaporized cooling medium flows through the outlet during the cooling process, it can be effectively collected under the action of the external negative pressure, avoiding the direct discharge and waste of the refrigerant; the collected cooling medium is then transported to the compressor for further processing. In the compressor, the refrigerant undergoes a high-pressure and high-temperature compression process and is re-converted into a liquid state, thus realizing the cyclic transformation from a gaseous state to a liquid state. This recycling process not only significantly reduces the consumption and cost of the refrigerant, but also effectively reduces the potential impact on the environment.

[0034] In the embodiment, in order to ensure the sealing and stability of the entire device during operation, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive vacuum degree verification on the cooling housing 1 during production. This verification process aims to ensure the structural integrity and sealing performance of the cooling housing 1 to withstand the internal negative pressure environment that may occur during the refrigerant collection stage. During the test, air is pumped out of the inside of the cooling housing 1 to simulate a negative pressure environment, and at the same time, instruments are used to monitor the pressure difference and leakage situation inside and outside the housing. When the cooling housing 1 shows excellent sealing performance under the set negative pressure conditions and no obvious leakage occurs, it can pass the vacuum degree verification and enter the subsequent assembly and use stage.

[0035] The spiral flow channel 1.2 and the annular flow channel 1.1 are evenly spaced with a plurality of holes. In the embodiment, a plurality of kidney-shaped holes are provided on the annular flow channel 1.1, and a plurality of round holes are provided on the spiral flow channel 1.2. When the cooling medium enters from the inlet, the stator 2 is cooled through the spiral flow channel 1.2. While cooling, the cooling medium ejected from the round holes on the spiral flow channel 1.2 will directly cool the windings located at both ends of the stator 2; and when the cooling medium enters from the inlet, the rotor 3 is cooled through the annular flow channel 1.1. As Figure 1 and Figure 6 shown, when the cooling medium enters the spiral flow channel 1.2, it first passes through the kidney-shaped holes provided on the spiral flow channel 1.2, and after passing through, it cools the surface of the rotor 3 after passing through the through holes on the electrical insulation board 2.2 on the stator 2.

[0036] In the embodiment, the enameled wire of the stator 2 winding can withstand the corrosion of the cooling medium. At the same time, the end of the stator 2 winding can be potted in the cooling housing 1 by potting process. While bringing better electrical insulation performance, the potting contacts the cooling housing 1, which is more convenient to take away the heat generated by the motor after cooling.

[0037] The rotor 3 includes a rotating shaft 3.1 and a magnetic steel 3.3 attached to the rotating shaft 3.1. A carbon fiber sleeve 3.4 and a balance ring are also attached to the magnetic steel 3.3. The magnetic steel 3.3 includes a plurality of magnetic steels 3.3 adhesively connected.

[0038] As Figure 2 shown, in the embodiment, a plurality of magnetic steels 3.3 are pasted on the outer surface of the outer circle of the rotating shaft 3.1. The outer surfaces of a plurality of magnetic steels 3.3 are wrapped with a carbon fiber sleeve 3.4. A left balance ring 3.2 and a right balance ring 3.6 are respectively sleeved at both ends of the magnetic steel 3.3; at the same time, in order to prevent the magnetic steel 3.3 from generating heat, in this embodiment, a plurality of magnetic steels 3.3 are bonded together to form a large magnetic steel 3.3. Compared with the traditional large magnetic steel 3.3, there are gaps between a plurality of small magnetic steels 3.3, which is convenient for the cooling medium to pass through the gaps to cool down, further increasing the contact area between the cooling medium and the magnetic steel 3.3, and effectively preventing the magnetic steel 3.3 from generating heat.

[0039] The carbon fiber sleeve 3.4 provided in the embodiment is a protective sleeve made of carbon fiber material, which has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, etc., and can effectively separate the rotor 3 and the stator 2 and protect the rotor 3.

[0040] In the embodiment, there are two balance rings, including a left balance ring 3.2 and a right balance ring 3.6 provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 3.1 along the axial direction. The balance rings are mainly used to balance the axial force of the motor. During the operation of the motor, the rotor 3 will be affected by the axial force, and the balance rings can effectively balance these axial forces to ensure the stable operation of the motor.

[0041] It also includes an aluminum partition 3.5, where the aluminum partition 3.5 is arranged on the rotating shaft 3.1 and separates the magnetic steel 3.3 from the carbon fiber sleeve 3.4. As Figure 2 shown, by using the provided aluminum partition 3.5, the interior of the rotor 3 can be divided into two parts, thus preventing the generation of a large amount of heat.

[0042] The stator 2 includes a segmented iron core, and an electrical insulation board 2.2 is provided between the iron cores 2.1. As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the stator iron core 2.1 has a segmented structure, and an electrical insulation board 2.2 is fixed between the two end iron cores 2.1. The electrical insulation board 2.2 has the characteristics of insulation and non-magnetic conduction, and can achieve electrical insulation; in the embodiment, the position where the electrical insulation board 2.2 is arranged is the same as the position of the aluminum partition 3.5 arranged in the rotor 3. In this example, the electrical insulation board 2.2 is made of a polyimide board.

[0043] As Figure 5 shown is the structural diagram of the electrical insulation board 2.2, where the size and shape of the electrical insulation board 2.2 are the same as those of the stator punching sheet in the stator 2, and the two are co-laminated and formed during processing. At the same time, the iron core 2.1 and the electrical insulation board 2.2 are fixedly connected by rivets.

[0044] The electrical insulation board 2.2 is provided with through holes for the cooling medium to pass through. Figure 5 In the electrical insulation board 2.2, a plurality of through holes are arranged at intervals. The through holes are used for the cooling medium to enter and pass through the stator 2 to cool the rotor 3.

[0045] The cooling medium is R1134A. In the embodiment, the cooling medium is preferably R1134A. R1134A is 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, which is a widely used environmentally friendly cooling medium. This cooling medium has stable chemical properties, is not easy to decompose or react with other materials. At the same time, it is also a colorless, odorless, non-toxic, non-flammable and non-explosive cooling medium, and has no obvious irritation and harm to the human body.

[0046] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0047] Any process or method description depicted in the flowchart or otherwise described herein can be understood to represent a module, segment, or portion of code including one or more executable instructions for implementing a specific logical function or process. Moreover, the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes additional implementations where functions may be executed in a substantially simultaneous manner or in an order opposite to that shown or discussed, according to the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present application pertain.

[0048] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0049] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A refrigerant-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized in that, It includes a cooler housing, a stator and a rotor which are connected in sequence from the inside to the outside; Among them, the cooler housing includes a connected outer shell and a cooling sleeve. A plurality of spiral channels and annular channels are provided on the cooling sleeve. The cooling medium cools the stator and the rotor through the spiral channels and the annular channels.

2. The refrigerant-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein The spiral channels and the annular channels are separated by an O-ring.

3. The permanent magnet synchronous motor cooled by a refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein The outer shell is provided with an inlet for the cooling medium to enter and an outlet for the cooling medium to discharge. The inlet and the outlet are respectively communicated with the spiral channels and the annular channels.

4. The refrigerant-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein, A plurality of holes are evenly spaced on the spiral channels and the annular channels.

5. A refrigerant-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor includes a rotating shaft and a magnet steel which is attached to the rotating shaft. A carbon fiber sleeve and a balance ring are also attached to the magnet steel.

6. The refrigerant-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 5, wherein, The magnet steel includes a plurality of magnet steels adhesively connected.

7. The refrigerant-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 5, characterized in that, It further includes an aluminum partition. The aluminum partition is arranged on the rotating shaft and separates the magnet steel from the carbon fiber sleeve.

8. The refrigerant-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein, The stator includes a segmented iron core, and an electrical insulation board is arranged between the iron cores.

9. The refrigerant-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 8, wherein The electrical insulation board is provided with through holes for the cooling medium to pass through.

10. The refrigerant-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein The cooling medium is R134A.

Images