Tower crane luffing steel wire rope winding system and tower crane

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tower crane luffing steel wire rope winding system which comprises a luffing mechanism winding drum, a first guide pulley block, a cargo boom pulley block, a loading trolley, a second guide pulley block, a balance arm section pulley, a tower body luffing pulley, a long steel wire rope and a short steel wire rope. One end of the long steel wire rope is locked on a luffing mechanism winding drum, is discharged from the upper end, is wound and turned by the first guide pulley block, and is adjusted in spatial position, so that the long steel wire rope is connected to the cargo boom pulley block after passing below the structural main beam, and is connected to the first end part of the loading trolley through the cargo boom pulley block; and one end of a short rope of the steel wire rope is locked on the luffing mechanism winding drum, is discharged from the lower end, is guided to the balance arm section pulley through the second guide pulley block, and is connected to the second end part of the loading trolley through the tower body luffing pulley. Mutual abrasion of the steel wire rope and a main structure can be effectively avoided, winding and turning of the steel wire rope are reduced, and use faults of the steel wire rope are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of tower crane rope winding, and particularly relates to a luffing wire rope winding system and a tower crane for a tower crane. Background Technique

[0002] Tower cranes play an indispensable hoisting role in engineering construction. With the increasingly tight project cycle, the installation efficiency and safety of tower cranes are extremely important. As a key component of a tower crane, the reliable and efficient wire rope winding method of the luffing system directly affects the safety, construction efficiency and use cost of tower crane operations. The main function of the luffing wire rope of a tower crane is to connect the load-carrying trolley to lift the goods and realize the movement of the lifted heavy object along the boom direction. The luffing wire rope is driven by a luffing mechanism, and the luffing mechanism is placed on the balance arm side of the tower crane. One end of the wire rope comes out of the luffing mechanism to the slewing tower body, then passes through the boom structure to connect the trolley, and finally returns to the mechanism. Therefore, the overall function of the tower crane can be realized only after the luffing rope is wound. With the continuous increase of the lifting capacity of tower cranes, the diameter and length of the luffing wire rope also increase accordingly, resulting in an increase in manufacturing cost and winding difficulty. Therefore, reasonably shortening the length of the luffing wire rope and optimizing the layout of related mechanisms and pulleys of the luffing system can reduce later use failures and maintenance costs.

[0003] At present, the industry generally adopts methods such as setting up a wire rope arranging device or a guide pulley to improve the winding effect. Most tower cranes will be provided with a wire rope arranging device, aiming to avoid the phenomenon of disordered wire ropes during the winding process of the wire rope, and at the same time ensure the regular and tight arrangement of the wire rope. However, the existing wire rope threading and winding method for the luffing wire rope of a tower crane is applicable to the luffing traction of conventional tower cranes below 1000T.M. The lifting capacity of conventional tower cranes is small, the diameter of the wire rope is small, the relative threading space is wide, and the threading difficulty is low. The existing luffing system wire rope winding system includes a luffing mechanism arranged in the balance arm structure. The luffing wire rope extending from the luffing mechanism sequentially bypasses a plurality of guide pulleys, horizontal guide wheels, deflecting pulleys and a tensioning device arranged on the boom and then returns to the luffing mechanism. The winding method of the luffing wire rope on the guide pulley is to pass from the upper end of one guide pulley and then pass from the lower end of the next guide pulley. A load-carrying trolley is arranged on the luffing wire rope between the horizontal guide wheels. This scheme places the hoisting mechanism inside the balance arm. When installing and hoisting, it is necessary to consider the problem of space interference with the main structure, and the hoisting operation is difficult. Secondly, the built-in hoisting mechanism will not be removed later, and the whole is loaded and shipped. For large-tonnage tower cranes, it is very easy to cause overweight during loading, resulting in transportation difficulties and increased transportation costs. In addition, due to the close distance between the mechanism and the rope passing pulley of the slewing tower body at the installation position of the built-in luffing mechanism, it is difficult to control the distance between the mechanism and the pulley and the deviation of the center line, and there are many limiting factors, which are also prone to cause disordered and piled wire ropes. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Technical problem to be solved: The utility model provides a luffing wire rope winding system for tower cranes, which can meet the luffing function while reducing the use cost and improving the operation reliability. In the whole luffing system, the layout position of the mechanism, the distance between the mechanism and the pulley, and the center line deviation are fully considered, and a reasonable number of guiding pulleys are designed, which can effectively avoid the mutual abrasion between the wire rope and the main structure, reduce the wire rope winding and direction change at the same time, and reduce the wire rope use failure.

[0005] Technical solution:

[0006] In the first aspect, the utility model discloses a luffing wire rope winding system for tower cranes, which comprises a luffing mechanism drum, a first guiding pulley group, a boom pulley group, a load trolley, a second guiding pulley group, a balance arm section pulley, a tower body luffing pulley, a long wire rope and a short wire rope;

[0007] The luffing mechanism drum is installed on the balance arm mounting seat. One end of the long wire rope is locked on the luffing mechanism drum, and the wire rope exits from the upper end, winds and changes direction through the first guiding pulley group and adjusts the spatial position, so that the long wire rope passes under the structural main beam and then is connected to the boom pulley group, and is connected to the first end of the load trolley through the boom pulley group;

[0008] One end of the short wire rope is locked on the luffing mechanism drum, and the wire rope exits from the lower end, is guided to the balance arm section pulley through the second guiding pulley group, and then is connected to the second end of the load trolley through the tower body luffing pulley.

[0009] Further, the first guiding pulley group comprises a first slewing tower body pulley, a second slewing tower body pulley and a third slewing tower body pulley;

[0010] One end of the long wire rope is locked on the luffing mechanism drum, and the wire rope exits from the upper end to the first slewing tower body pulley. The second slewing tower body pulley is located below the first slewing tower body pulley, and the third slewing tower body pulley is located obliquely below the second slewing tower body pulley. The long wire rope makes the first downward movement through the second slewing tower body pulley, then makes the second downward movement and the wire rope winding and direction change through the third slewing tower body pulley, so that the wire rope continues to extend towards the boom direction.

[0011] Further, the boom pulley group comprises a first boom section pulley, a second boom section pulley, a third boom section pulley and a boom head pulley which are distributed and installed on the boom;

[0012] The first boom section pulley, the second boom section pulley, the third boom section pulley, and the boom head pulley are arranged in sequence. The boom head pulley is installed at the end of the first boom away from the luffing mechanism drum. The long wire rope is conducted forward through the first boom section pulley, the second boom section pulley, and the third boom section pulley to the boom head pulley, winds around the boom head pulley and changes direction, then folds back and is connected to the first end of the load trolley.

[0013] Further, the second guide pulley group includes a fourth slewing tower pulley and a fifth slewing tower pulley.

[0014] The fourth slewing tower pulley is opposite to the first slewing tower pulley in position, and the fifth slewing tower pulley is opposite to the second slewing tower pulley in position. One end of the short wire rope is locked on the luffing mechanism drum, exits the rope from the lower end to the fourth slewing tower pulley, then is transmitted forward through the fourth slewing tower pulley to the fifth slewing tower pulley, and then turns back and returns to the balance arm section pulley. The balance arm section pulley is located below the fourth slewing tower pulley.

[0015] Further, the balance arm section pulley is a wire rope tensioning device, and the pretension of the wire rope is adjusted by adjusting the parameters of the balance arm section pulley.

[0016] Further, the tower luffing pulley includes a sixth slewing tower pulley and a seventh slewing tower pulley.

[0017] Both the sixth slewing tower pulley and the seventh slewing tower pulley are located in front of the balance arm section pulley, and the seventh slewing tower pulley is located below the sixth slewing tower pulley.

[0018] The short wire rope is turned by the balance arm section pulley and transmitted forward to the sixth slewing tower pulley, then turned downward and transmitted to the seventh slewing tower pulley, and then turned forward again and transmitted to the second end of the load trolley.

[0019] Further, both the long wire rope and the short wire rope are connected to the load trolley using a wedge sleeve assembly.

[0020] The wedge sleeve assembly includes a wedge, a wedge sleeve, and a wire rope clip. The wedge and the wire rope clip are locked on the load trolley. The wedge locks the wire rope to the wedge sleeve, and the wire rope clip fixes the end of the wire rope on the load trolley.

[0021] Further, the tail of the wire rope is bundled together with thin steel wires.

[0022] Further, the length of the thin steel wire is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the diameter of the wire rope.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present utility model discloses a tower crane, which includes a tower crane body and the tower crane luffing wire rope winding system as described above.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] First, the luffing wire rope winding system of the tower crane of the present utility model can shorten the length of the luffing wire rope and reduce the later use and maintenance costs.

[0026] Second, the luffing wire rope winding system of the tower crane of the present utility model designs guide pulleys at reasonable positions in the entire luffing system to avoid abrasion between the wire rope and the main structure, and at the same time reduce the wire rope winding and direction change, making the load trolley run more smoothly.

[0027] Third, the luffing wire rope winding system of the tower crane of the present utility model arranges the luffing mechanism and the tensioning device reasonably, which not only meets the standard requirements of the wire rope entry angle, but also can apply a pre-tightening force to the wire rope quickly and conveniently, avoiding the appearance of the phenomenon of the wire rope getting disordered on the hoisting mechanism drum. Description of the drawings

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the layout position of the luffing mechanism relative to the counterweight boom;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a top view of the layout of the luffing mechanism relative to the counterweight boom;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the luffing wire rope winding system of the tower crane of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the long wire rope winding of the luffing wire rope;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the short wire rope winding of the luffing wire rope;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection method between the wire rope and the load trolley. Specific implementation manners

[0034] The following embodiments can enable those skilled in the art to understand the present utility model more comprehensively, but do not limit the present utility model in any way.

[0035] The relevant terms of the present utility model are explained as follows:

[0036] Luffing mechanism: The luffing mechanism is a power unit composed of structures such as a drum, a motor, a reducer, and a brake. After the mechanism is powered on, the motor drives the drum on the mechanism to rotate to realize the retraction and release of the luffing wire rope, and drives the trolley to move horizontally along the boom. The luffing structure is connected to the reducer through a coupling, the reducer outputs power to drive the drum to rotate, and through the wire rope, the load trolley moves back and forth at a rated speed on the boom track for luffing.

[0037] Luffing wire rope: The luffing wire rope is divided into two traction ropes, a long rope and a short rope. One end of each rope is fixed to the drum after winding around the drum, and the other end is fixed to the load trolley. The mechanism drives the drum to wind the luffing long rope and release the luffing short rope, so that the load trolley can move forward along the boom. Conversely, the load trolley can move backward. When luffing, the normal operation of the trolley is ensured by the winding and unwinding of the wire rope.

[0038] Tensioning device: The tensioning device is fixed on the counter jib. Its purpose is to adjust the tightness of the wire rope and apply the required pre-tension to the wire rope.

[0039] See Figure 3 , the utility model discloses a wire rope winding system for the luffing of a tower crane. The wire rope winding system for the luffing of the tower crane includes a luffing mechanism drum, a first guiding pulley group, a boom pulley group, a load trolley, a second guiding pulley group, a counter jib section pulley, a tower body luffing pulley, a wire rope long rope and a wire rope short rope;

[0040] The luffing mechanism drum is installed on the counter jib mounting seat. One end of the wire rope long rope is locked on the luffing mechanism drum, and the rope exits from the upper end. It winds and changes direction through the first guiding pulley group and adjusts its spatial position, so that the wire rope long rope passes under the structural main beam and is then connected to the boom pulley group, and is connected to the first end of the load trolley through the boom pulley group;

[0041] One end of the wire rope short rope is locked on the luffing mechanism drum, and the rope exits from the lower end. It is guided to the counter jib section pulley through the second guiding pulley group, and then connected to the second end of the load trolley through the tower body luffing pulley.

[0042] The utility model mainly arranges guiding pulleys at different positions on the slewing tower body, balance arm and boom of the crane, and realizes the connection of the steel wire rope to the load trolley at the shortest length through the arrangement of the pulleys and the winding direction of the steel wire rope. The whole new luffing wire rope threading system scheme includes the reasonable arrangement of the hoisting mechanism, the reasonable arrangement of the guiding pulleys on the balance arm and boom, and the connection of the luffing rope of the load trolley, etc. The utility model places the luffing mechanism on the upper side of the balance arm, welds the mechanism mounting seat on the main structure of the balance arm, and is connected by a pin shaft, side by side with the hoisting mechanism. When installing, the installation can be completed by using a crane to reach the hoisting height, and the installation is convenient and efficient. At the same time, the upper space of the crane is wide, and the deflection angle of the steel wire rope can be controlled at the best position, avoiding the steel wire rope from getting disordered on the drum due to the large rope entering angle of the steel wire rope. Compared with placing the hoisting mechanism inside the balance arm, there is no need to consider the spatial interference problem with the main structure during installation and hoisting, and the hoisting operation difficulty is relatively low. Secondly, the embedded hoisting mechanism will not be removed later, which affects the overall loading and shipping. For large-tonnage tower cranes, it is easy to cause overweight during loading, resulting in transportation difficulties and increased transportation costs. In addition, due to the relatively short distance between the embedded luffing mechanism and the rope passing pulley of the slewing tower body, the distance between the mechanism and the pulley and the deviation of the center line are not easy to control, and there are many limiting factors, which are also likely to cause the steel wire rope to get disordered and piled up. The luffing wire rope winding system of the tower crane of the utility model can realize the rapid and efficient installation of the mechanism, and avoid the phenomena of wire rope disorder and accumulation during the operation of the tower crane.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the layout position of the luffing mechanism relative to the balance arm. Figure 2 It is a top view of the layout of the luffing mechanism relative to the balance arm. Among them, 2-1 and 3-1 represent the hoisting mechanism, 2-2 and 3-2 represent the luffing mechanism, 2-3 represents the balance arm, and 3-4 represents the luffing wire rope. The overall structures of the boom, balance arm and the intermediate connecting boom (slewing tower body) are the main structures for luffing wire rope threading. Therefore, the arrangement of the pulleys in the whole wire rope winding method needs to consider the interference problem between the steel wire rope and the structure. One end of the luffing wire rope starts from the hoisting mechanism and is directly connected to the guiding pulley on the intermediate connecting structure (slewing tower body). The pulley block is connected to the fixed pulley of the boom through the guiding traction steel wire rope to avoid the main beam of the structure, and finally connected to the trolley. Under the condition of meeting the standards, as few guiding pulleys as possible are arranged to ensure that when the steel wire rope passes through the guiding pulley in the whole luffing system, it does not interfere with other structures.

[0044] First, determine the lengths of the long steel wire rope 13 and the short steel wire rope 14 according to the actual length of the boom in use. Secondly, check whether the load trolley 9 is fixed. See Figure 4, during installation, install the luffing mechanism drum 1 onto the counterweight boom mounting seat. Lock one end of the long wire rope to the luffing mechanism drum 1, let the wire rope exit from the upper end, reach the first slewing tower pulley 2, and after passing through the first slewing tower pulley 2, the wire rope descends. The function of the second slewing tower pulley 3 is the same as that of the first slewing tower pulley 2, aiming to achieve the winding direction change and spatial position downward movement of the wire rope. At this time, the long wire rope can pass under the first boom section pulley 5 and then pass through the remaining boom pulleys in sequence (the second boom section pulley 6 and the third boom section pulley 7), and after passing through the head pulley 8, the wire rope changes direction again and is towed to the fixing seat on the load trolley 9. See Figure 5 , one end of the short wire rope 14 is also locked to the luffing mechanism drum 1, exits from the lower end to the fourth slewing tower pulley and the fifth slewing tower pulley (the fourth slewing tower pulley is arranged opposite to the first slewing tower pulley, and the fifth slewing tower pulley is arranged opposite to the second slewing tower pulley), and then reaches the counterweight boom section pulley 12 (tightening device 12). The function of the tightening device is to adjust the tightness of the wire rope when both the long wire rope 13 and the short wire rope 14 have completed wire rope winding, and at the same time, it can also add an appropriate pre-tightening force to the wire rope. After the wire rope comes out of the tightening device, it reaches the rear end of the load trolley 9 through the sixth slewing tower pulley 10 and the seventh slewing tower pulley 11 and is fixed to the load trolley 9.

[0045] See Figure 6 , both the front and rear connection ends of the long wire rope 13 and the long wire rope 14 with the load trolley 9 use wedge sleeves for connection, and the wedge blocks and wire rope clips are locked on the load trolley 9. As Figure 6 shown, lock the wire rope to the wedge sleeve with a wedge block, tie the tail of the wire rope with thin wire, fix the end of the wire rope in the way shown with a wire rope clip, and tie the wire rope at the tail of the wire rope clip with thin wire, with a length greater than or equal to 1.5 times the wire rope diameter. After the wire rope clip is installed, the wire rope can be tied and fixed with thin iron wire.

[0046] After the long wire rope 13 and the long wire rope 14 are wound, move the load trolley 9 back and forth, and repeatedly adjust and tighten the wire rope 2 - 3 times through the tensioning device set on the counterweight boom until the pre-tightening force of the luffing wire rope is appropriate.

[0047] Due to the special working environment of tower cranes, the structure maintenance is relatively difficult. Among them, the wire rope is the most critical component, and the service life of the wire rope directly determines the service life of the tower crane. Therefore, reasonably arranging each mechanism and component in the luffing system can effectively improve the service life of the wire rope. Considering the above factors, the present utility model starts from the details of the entire luffing system and reasonably arranges the positions of the luffing mechanism and the luffing pulleys.

[0048] Therefore, a new rope winding system is designed for ultra-large tonnage tower cranes to meet the luffing function while reducing the use cost and improving the operation reliability. Therefore, in the whole luffing system, the layout position of the mechanism, the distance between the mechanism and the pulley, and the center line deviation are fully considered, and a reasonable number of guide pulleys are designed, which can effectively avoid the mutual wear between the steel wire rope and the main structure, reduce the winding and direction change of the steel wire rope, and reduce the use failure of the steel wire rope.

[0049] In the utility model, the luffing mechanism is placed on the counterweight arm, which is convenient and efficient for installation and transportation. At the same time, the upper space of the crane is wide, and the deflection angle of the steel wire rope can be controlled at the best position, avoiding the disorder of the steel wire rope on the drum due to the large wire rope entry angle, reducing the safety risk and increasing the service life. The utility model mainly arranges guide pulleys at different positions on the slewing tower body and the boom of the crane, and realizes the connection of the steel wire rope to the load trolley at the shortest length through the arrangement of the pulleys and the winding direction of the steel wire rope.

Claims

1. A luffing wire rope winding system for a tower crane, characterized in that The luffing wire rope winding system of the tower crane includes a luffing mechanism drum, a first guiding pulley group, a boom pulley group, a load trolley, a second guiding pulley group, a balance arm section pulley, a tower body luffing pulley, a long wire rope and a short wire rope; The luffing mechanism drum is installed on the balance arm mounting seat. One end of the long wire rope is locked on the luffing mechanism drum, and the wire rope exits from the upper end, winds and changes direction through the first guiding pulley group and adjusts the spatial position, so that the long wire rope passes under the structural main beam and is then connected to the boom pulley group, and is connected to the first end of the load trolley through the boom pulley group; One end of the short wire rope is locked on the luffing mechanism drum, and the wire rope exits from the lower end, is guided by the second guiding pulley group to the balance arm section pulley, and then is connected to the second end of the load trolley through the tower body luffing pulley.

2. The luffing wire rope winding system of the tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that The first guiding pulley group includes a first revolving tower body pulley, a second revolving tower body pulley and a third revolving tower body pulley; One end of the long wire rope is locked on the luffing mechanism drum, and the wire rope exits from the upper end to the first revolving tower body pulley. The second revolving tower body pulley is located below the first revolving tower body pulley, and the third revolving tower body pulley is located obliquely below the second revolving tower body pulley; the long wire rope makes a first downward movement through the second revolving tower body pulley, then makes a second downward movement and the wire rope winds and changes direction through the third revolving tower body pulley, so that the wire rope continues to extend towards the boom direction.

3. The luffing wire rope winding system of the tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The boom pulley group includes a first boom section pulley, a second boom section pulley, a third boom section pulley and a boom head pulley which are distributed and installed on the boom; The first boom section pulley, the second boom section pulley, the third boom section pulley and the boom head pulley are arranged in sequence, and the boom head pulley is installed at the end of the first boom far from the luffing mechanism drum; the long wire rope is conducted forward through the first boom section pulley, the second boom section pulley, the third boom section pulley to the boom head pulley, winds and changes direction through the boom head pulley and then turns back and is connected to the first end of the load trolley.

4. The luffing wire rope winding system of the tower crane according to claim 1, wherein The second guiding pulley group includes a fourth revolving tower body pulley and a fifth revolving tower body pulley; The fourth revolving tower body pulley is opposite to the first revolving tower body pulley in position, and the fifth revolving tower body pulley is opposite to the second revolving tower body pulley in position; one end of the short wire rope is locked on the luffing mechanism drum, and the wire rope exits from the lower end to the fourth revolving tower body pulley, and then is transmitted forward through the fourth revolving tower body pulley to the fifth revolving tower body pulley and then turns back to the balance arm section pulley. The balance arm section pulley is located below the fourth revolving tower body pulley.

5. The luffing wire rope winding system of a tower crane according to claim 4, characterized in that, The balance arm section pulley is a wire rope tensioning device, and the pretightening force of the wire rope is adjusted by adjusting the parameters of the balance arm section pulley.

6. The luffing wire rope winding system of a tower crane according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tower body luffing pulley includes a sixth revolving tower body pulley and a seventh revolving tower body pulley; Both the sixth revolving tower body pulley and the seventh revolving tower body pulley are located in front of the balance arm section pulley, and the seventh revolving tower body pulley is located below the sixth revolving tower body pulley; The short wire rope is turned and transmitted forward through the balance arm section pulley to the sixth revolving tower body pulley, turns and is transmitted downward to the seventh revolving tower body pulley, and then turns and is transmitted forward to the second end of the load trolley.

7. The luffing wire rope winding system of a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the long wire rope and the short wire rope are connected to the load trolley using a wedge sleeve assembly; The wedge sleeve assembly includes a wedge block, a wedge sleeve, and a wire rope clip. The wedge block and the wire rope clip are locked to the load trolley. The wedge block locks the wire rope to the wedge sleeve, and the wire rope clip fixes the end of the wire rope to the load trolley.

8. The luffing wire rope winding system of the tower crane according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tail of the wire rope is bundled together with thin steel wires.

9. The luffing wire rope winding system of the tower crane according to claim 8, characterized in that, The length of the thin steel wire is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the diameter of the wire rope.

10. A tower crane, characterized in that, The tower crane includes a tower crane body and a luffing wire rope winding system of the tower crane as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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