Automatic composting equipment
By designing integrated automatic composting equipment, the uniform laying and covering of materials is achieved, and the existing equipment covers a large area, has high transportation and has a long time. It improves the compost efficiency and adaptability, and is suitable for a variety of compost scenarios.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422407999.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-30
AI Technical Summary
The existing composting equipment covers a large area and is used in fixed locations, has high transportation costs, has a long composting process, lacks mobility and flexibility, and cannot adapt to the needs of different composting scenarios.
An automatic composting equipment including a long hopper, a transverse and longitudinal conveying mechanism, a walking rack and a folding tent was designed. The uniform laying, covering and linkage operation of materials is achieved through motor drive, integrating the composting, loading and unloading functions, and the equipment can be detached and adapted to different sites.
It improves compost efficiency, reduces transportation costs and time, has strong adaptability to equipment, can move flexibly, is suitable for various compost locations, simplifies operational processes, and improves compost quality and efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223163366U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of composting, in particular to an automatic composting device. Background Art
[0002] With the harvest of crops, a large amount of straw is widely scattered in vast farmlands, and straw has become an organic waste urgently to be disposed of in the farmlands. To solve this problem, composting technology has become an effective way to convert straw into high-quality organic fertilizer. However, there are multiple challenges in the process of composting straw: during the crop harvest season, a large amount of straw needs to be processed, which is difficult to handle; moreover, straw has a hard texture and a high cellulose content, and its decomposition rate is relatively slow when directly used for composting; existing composting equipment is often large in size, occupies a large area, and requires special sites and large machinery for support.
[0003] As a modern waste treatment method, automated composting technology is gradually becoming one of the effective ways to solve this problem. Automated composting refers to a modern composting technology that uses advanced mechanical equipment and control systems to stack organic waste including straw together and then efficiently convert it into organic fertilizer through the process of biodegradation. Since the stacking treatment of organic waste often occurs during the rural harvest season, a large number of straws, leaves, and weeds require a very large and sufficiently safe site for stacking and fermentation. Because during the stacking and fermentation process, some combustible gases and toxic gases will be generated, there are strict restrictions on the composting site or fixed area. Usually, in a region, a centralized composting site is established in the form of a fixed factory building, and the organic waste such as straw harvested in the region needs to be transported to the composting site by transportation tools such as trucks. Then a covering film is covered to maintain the temperature for easy fermentation. After various fermentation raw materials ferment for a period of time and the fermentation is completed, fertilizers are formed. Then the fertilizers are transported to the places where they are needed by trucks.
[0004] Although the introduction of automatic composting equipment can stack and cut the organic waste transported to the composting site in an orderly manner, thus reducing the difficulty of composting to a certain extent, if the distance between the fixed composting site and the harvesting area is far, the transportation cost will increase due to the increased distance. More importantly, the current requirements for composting sites are too high. It requires a sufficiently large area of land to accommodate a large amount of organic waste and the composting piles during fermentation. Moreover, the setting in the form of a fixed factory building also increases the upfront cost investment for composting. After the fertilizers are produced, they still need to be transported separately to various places, and the logistics transportation cost cannot be ignored either. In addition, although the current automatic composting equipment can make each link proceed automatically through program control, in fact, it only conducts sequential linkage for the three links of feeding, cutting, and composting, and there is no significant improvement in the overall composting and fermentation time.
[0005] In summary, most of the existing composting technologies rely on fixed-position equipment. These fixed composting equipment or workshops have very high requirements for the site, requiring a large area and a safe site, which makes them lack mobility and cannot be moved to different locations for composting as needed. In addition, specific equipment is required for transporting fertilizers, resulting in high logistics costs. Moreover, the composting process is carried out sequentially, and the entire composting time is long. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The present utility model aims to provide an automatic composting equipment that can adapt to different composting scenarios and requirements, achieve multi-functional integration, and improve composting efficiency.
[0007] To achieve the above object, the present utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0008] An automatic composting equipment, comprising a long hopper. A transverse conveying mechanism is arranged along the length direction of the hopper, and the transverse conveying mechanism is arranged on one side of the hopper; the transverse conveying mechanism includes an input section for feeding and an output section for discharging; a traveling frame is arranged above the hopper, and a longitudinal conveying mechanism is arranged in the advancing direction of the traveling frame; the longitudinal conveying mechanism is located below the input section of the transverse conveying mechanism and above the output section; an input port for dropping into the hopper is arranged at one end of the longitudinal conveying mechanism away from the transverse conveying mechanism.
[0009] A folding awning is arranged in the backward direction of the traveling frame, and the folding awning is stretched and covers the hopper behind the traveling frame during the forward movement of the traveling frame; the traveling frame includes a frame, a folding frame, a first roller, and a first motor; the frame is located above the hopper, and the frame is connected to the transverse conveying mechanism through the folding frame; the folding frame supports the input section of the transverse conveying mechanism and makes the end of the input section tilt upward with an adjustable angle. The folding frame includes a telescopic rod, a first support column, a second support column, a regulator, and a third roller; the telescopic rod, the first support column, and the second support column are used to support the folding frame and adjust the inclination of the folding frame; the first roller is located at the bottom surface of the frame, and the first motor is located at a position of the frame close to the folding awning. The first motor is used to drive the first roller to rotate, thereby driving the traveling frame to move along the length direction of the hopper and simultaneously pulling the folding awning to move for covering or opening the hopper.
[0010] The principle and advantages of this solution are as follows: The hopper is used for laying materials, while the transverse conveying mechanism and the longitudinal conveying mechanism are used for transporting materials; the motor can drive the walking frame to move along the length direction of the hopper and drive the longitudinal conveying mechanism to move, so that the materials can be evenly laid on the hopper. This uniform paving avoids the problems of local overheating or overcooling of the materials, ensures the consistency of the temperature and humidity of the entire compost layer, and thus improves the overall fermentation effect of the materials. A folding awning is connected to the backward direction of the walking frame. When the first motor drives the walking frame to move along the length direction of the hopper, the folding awning will be driven to move at the same time, realizing the effective covering of the materials. Through the combined use of the hopper, the longitudinal conveying mechanism, the transverse conveying mechanism, the walking frame and the motor, this equipment integrates the functions of composting, feeding and discharging, simplifies the operation process, realizes the continuous treatment of materials from feeding to composting and then to discharging without intermediate pauses, speeds up the entire composting process, and thus improves the overall working efficiency.
[0011] The walking frame is composed of a frame, a folding frame, a first roller and a first motor. Among them, the folding frame includes a telescopic rod, a detachable first support column, a second support column, a regulator and a third roller. Such a design not only reduces the space occupied by the equipment, but also can adjust the positions of the telescopic rod and the first support column according to the conditions of different materials to balance the acting force of the materials on the folding frame, realize the stable transportation of the materials on the folding frame, and thus meet the transportation of different materials. In addition, the walking frame is easy to disassemble and can adapt to different working sites and requirements.
[0012] A linkage design is carried out between the walking frame and the folding awning. Under the driving action of the first motor, when the walking frame advances along the length direction of the hopper, the folding awning will synchronously cover the materials, so that the feeding, stacking, folding awning covering and other links of the materials can be linked and carried out simultaneously; similarly, after the materials are fermented, when the first motor drives the walking frame to retreat, the folding awning will synchronously contract, so that the discharging of the materials and the contraction of the folding awning and other links can also be linked and carried out simultaneously. This linkage operation greatly saves the overall time of composting.
[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, one end of the second support column close to the input section of the transverse conveying mechanism is hinged to one end of the telescopic rod close to the input section and forms an acute angle, the other end of the second support column far from the input section is bolted to one end of the first support column, and the other end of the first support column is hinged to one end of the telescopic rod close to the output section and forms an obtuse angle; a stable triangular structure is formed among the telescopic rod, the first support column and the second support column.
[0014] Beneficial effects: The triangle has stability, can effectively resist distortion and deformation, ensure the stability and safety of the materials during transportation, and improve the bearing capacity of the folding frame.
[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, it further includes a discharging device which is located below the walking frame. The discharging device includes a discharging port, a spiral discharging shaft, a stirring shaft, a scraping blade and a third motor.
[0016] Beneficial effects: During discharging, the materials are stirred and cleaned simultaneously, and the spatial design of the discharging device is optimized, making the whole equipment more compact and reducing the floor area occupied by the equipment.
[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, the shape of the discharging port is an "L-shaped" channel inclined outwards; the feeding end of the discharging port is located in the advancing direction of the spiral discharging shaft to receive the materials transmitted by the spiral discharging shaft; the discharging end of the discharging port is located above the longitudinal conveying mechanism; the discharging port includes a feeding pipe communicated with the feeding end and a discharging pipe communicated with the discharging end, and the connection between the feeding pipe and the discharging pipe is an arc connection of 130 degrees.
[0018] Beneficial effects: It helps the transportation of materials, enables the materials to pass through the discharging port quickly, improves the conveying speed, and reduces the accumulation or blockage of materials at the discharging port.
[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, the spiral discharging shaft rotates along the length direction of the hopper to convey the materials from both ends to the middle.
[0020] Beneficial effects: It enables the materials to be continuously conveyed from both ends to the middle, speeds up the whole material conveying process, and improves the working efficiency.
[0021] Preferably, as an improvement, the stirring shaft has three blades.
[0022] Beneficial effects: The three blades can disperse and stir the materials more effectively, promote the uniform mixing between different components, improve the discharging rate of the compost, and at the same time, the three-blade structure is relatively simple, facilitating cleaning and daily maintenance.
[0023] Preferably, as an improvement, the shape of the scraping blade is arc-shaped.
[0024] Beneficial effects: The contact between the arc-shaped scraping blade and the hopper is surface contact, effectively increasing the contact area, improving the working efficiency and the cleaning effect.
[0025] Preferably, as an improvement, the regulator is threadedly connected to the first support column through high-strength bolts.
[0026] Beneficial effects: The high-strength bolts provide a reliable and stable connection method, facilitating the disassembly of the first support column to realize the folding of the folding frame, and the threaded connection enables the position of the first support rod to be adjusted according to corresponding requirements.
[0027] Preferably, as an improvement, there are four first rollers, and the first rollers are located on both sides of the hopper, with two first rollers on each side.
[0028] Beneficial effects: The design of the first rollers can more evenly distribute the weight of the walking frame, reduce the pressure borne by a single roller, and improve the stability and load-bearing capacity of the equipment.
[0029] Preferably, as an improvement, the folding awning includes several first support rods, several second support rods, second rollers, and a tarpaulin.
[0030] Beneficial effects: The folding awning can be quickly unfolded or retracted as needed to cover the materials.
[0031] Beneficial effects of the present utility model: This solution provides an automatic composting device that can move flexibly and is easy to disassemble, overcoming the technical prejudice that composting devices are fixed in position in the prior art. Through the design of a detachable and adjustable folding frame, a movable longitudinal conveyor mechanism, and a long-strip hopper, the entire device has a simple structure and strong applicability, and can move flexibly to meet the needs of various composting locations. At the same time, a linkage design is carried out among the hopper, the transverse conveyor mechanism, the longitudinal conveyor mechanism, the walking frame, the discharging device, and the folding awning, integrating the functions of composting, feeding, and discharging while achieving the integration of the functions of composting, crushing, and covering, so as to realize the simultaneous operation of the whole process of feeding and discharging, crushing, and the folding awning during the composting process. By simplifying the composting operation process and optimizing the device structure, the occupied space of the device is reduced, and the overall composting time is saved.
[0032] Specifically, in this solution, the folding frame adopts a triangular retractable structure. When the materials are conveyed on the folding frame, the folding frame provides a supporting force perpendicular to the materials upward for the materials, while the materials themselves provide a vertically downward gravity, and when the materials are transported upward along the transverse conveyor mechanism, a frictional force parallel to the transverse conveyor mechanism upward is provided. Through the design of the telescopic rod, the first support column, and the second support column, a dynamically adjustable support structure is provided for the materials. The inclination of the folding frame can be adjusted according to the situation of the materials to achieve force balance, ensuring that the materials can slide upward evenly on the transverse conveyor mechanism of the folding frame to complete the feeding operation of different materials, improving the stability and efficiency of feeding. At the same time, the folding frame can be disassembled by adjusting the telescopic rod and the first support column, thereby enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of the device.
[0033] The folding structure of the walking frame and the folding awning effectively reduces the space occupied by the equipment without affecting its service life, facilitating overall transportation. The interlocking design of the walking frame, the discharging device, and the folding awning enables simultaneous composting, shredding, and covering while maintaining functional integrity, improving composting efficiency. That is, when feeding, when the first motor drives the walking frame forward, multiple links such as material feeding, stacking, and folding awning covering are interlocked and carried out simultaneously; when discharging, by the backward movement of the walking frame, links such as material collection, shredding, folding awning contraction, and discharging are interlocked and carried out simultaneously, thus greatly saving the overall composting time, improving composting efficiency, and making this equipment small in size, easy to disassemble, capable of being flexibly placed at any position, placed beside the harvesting field, eliminating the need for truck transportation, saving transportation costs, improving composting efficiency, and at the same time improving the quality of composting.
[0034] In summary, the design of this solution enables the equipment to move flexibly, adapt to different composting scenarios and requirements, reduces the need for frequent round-trip transportation, thereby reducing the round-trip logistics costs. Through the overall form of the moving method, composting and fermentation can be carried out nearby, improving composting efficiency. In addition, this equipment adopts an integrated design. By integrating the functions of composting, feeding and discharging, as well as composting, shredding and covering, the composting time is saved. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0035] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of an automatic composting equipment provided by an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0036] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of an automatic composting equipment provided by an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0037] Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a longitudinal transmission mechanism of an automatic composting equipment provided by an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0038] Figure 4 It is a partial top view schematic diagram of an automatic composting equipment provided by an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0039] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic view of an automatic composting equipment provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 1 。
[0040] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic view of an automatic composting equipment provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 2 。
[0041] Figure 7 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the folding frame of an automatic composting equipment provided by an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0042] Figure 8 Partial enlarged schematic of a folding awning of an automatic composting device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 1 .
[0043] Figure 9 Partial enlarged schematic of a folding awning of an automatic composting device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 2 .
[0044] Figure 10 Partial enlarged schematic of a folding awning of an automatic composting device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model Figure 3 . Detailed implementation manners
[0045] Reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: hopper 1, transverse conveying mechanism 2, longitudinal conveying mechanism 3, second motor 31, discharging device 4, discharging port 41, spiral discharging shaft 42, stirring shaft 43, scraping blade 44, third motor 45, traveling frame 5, frame 51, folding frame 52, telescopic rod 521, first support column 522, second support column 523, adjuster 524, third roller 525, first motor 53, first roller 54, folding awning 6, first support rod 61, second support rod 62, second roller 63, awning cloth 64.
[0046] Embodiment 1:
[0047] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1 -[[-END]] Figure 4 An automatic composting device includes a long-strip hopper 1. A transverse conveying mechanism 2 is installed along the length direction of the hopper 1. The transverse conveying mechanism 2 is arranged on one side of the hopper 1 and includes an input section for feeding and an output section for discharging. The length of the transverse conveying mechanism 2 is greater than the length of the hopper 1. A traveling frame 5 is installed on the upper surface of the hopper 1. A longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 is installed in the advancing direction of the traveling frame 5. The longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 is located below the input section of the transverse conveying mechanism 2 and above the output section. An input port for dropping into the hopper 1 is provided at one end of the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 away from the transverse conveying mechanism 2.
[0048] The longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 can move left and right to realize the feeding and discharging operations of materials. As shown in Figure 3As shown in the figure, a second motor 31 is installed at the lower right corner of the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3. The second motor 31 is used to drive the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 to move longitudinally along the hopper 1 to achieve the feeding of materials. A folding awning 6 is installed in the backward direction of the walking frame 5 to cover the materials. The folding awning 6 moves with the movement of the walking frame 5 to facilitate fermentation. In this embodiment, the transverse conveying mechanism 2 is a transverse conveyor belt, and the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 is a longitudinal conveyor belt. The transverse conveying mechanism 2 includes an input section located above the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 and an output section located below the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3. Both the input section and the output section are linked with the walking frame 5, and both the transverse conveying mechanism 2 and the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 move with the movement of the walking frame 5.
[0049] As Figure 2 shown, the walking frame 5 includes a frame 51, a folding frame 52, a first motor 53 and a first roller 54. The frame 51 is installed on the upper surface of the hopper 1, and the frame 51 covers the upper part of the hopper 1. The frame 51 is connected to the transverse conveying mechanism 2 through the folding frame 52. The folding frame 52 supports the input section of the transverse conveying mechanism 2 and makes the end of the input section tilt upward with an adjustable angle, facilitating the input of materials from the input section above the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 and then being conveyed by the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 along the longitudinal direction of the hopper into the hopper 1, so that the conveyed materials are exactly in front of the walking frame 5, facilitating the crushing of the materials by the stirring shaft 43 during the walking of the walking frame 5, which is conducive to better fermentation later.
[0050] As Figure 2 shown, four first rollers 54 are provided on the bottom surface of the frame 51 and are installed on both sides of the hopper 1 with two first rollers 54 on each side. A first motor 53 is installed at the central position of the rear side of the frame 51 to drive the first rollers 54 to rotate, so that the walking frame 5 can move along the length direction of the hopper 1. In this embodiment, the width of the folding frame 52 is greater than the width of the transverse conveying mechanism 2, which better supports the transverse conveying mechanism and ensures that the materials are more stable during the transmission process.
[0051] As Figure 2 、 Figure 5As shown, the discharging device 4 is installed below the traveling frame 5. The discharging device 4 sequentially includes a discharging port 41, a spiral discharging shaft 42, a scraping blade 44, a stirring shaft 43 along the direction of the transverse conveying mechanism 2 from left to right. It also includes a third motor 45. In this embodiment, the shape of the discharging port 41 is an "L-shaped" channel that slopes outward; the feeding end of the discharging port 41 is located in the advancing direction of the spiral discharging shaft 42 to receive the materials transmitted by the spiral discharging shaft 42; the discharging end of the discharging port 41 is located above the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3; the discharging port 41 includes a feeding pipe communicating with the feeding end and a discharging pipe communicating with the discharging end. The connection between the feeding pipe and the discharging pipe is an arc connection of 130 degrees, so as to facilitate the materials to quickly pass through the discharging port and improve the conveying speed. A stirring shaft 43 is installed between the spiral discharging shaft 42 and the scraping blade 44. The stirring shaft 43 has three blades, and the blades of the stirring shaft are used to crush the materials to make it easier to discharge. Above the feeding pipe of the discharging port 41, a third motor 45 is installed to drive the discharging device 4 to move up and down, closer to or farther away from the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3. In this embodiment, the scraping blade 44 is arc-shaped. The arc-shaped scraping blade 44 is in surface contact with the hopper 1, increasing the contact area, facilitating shoveling the materials at the bottom of the hopper 1 and cleaning the materials at the bottom and side walls of the hopper 1.
[0052] The specific implementation process of this embodiment is as follows:
[0053] During feeding, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 shown, the materials are transported from the right end to the left end of the transverse conveying mechanism 2. A folding frame 52 is provided on one side of the traveling frame 5. The folding frame 52 makes the end of the input section of the transverse conveying mechanism 2 tilt upward and the angle can be adjusted. When the materials are transported to the position of the folding frame 52, the materials fall from the transverse conveying mechanism 2 onto the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3, and then the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 transports the materials into the hopper 1. The second motor 31 drives the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 to move along the longitudinal direction of the hopper 1, so that the materials can cover the longitudinal direction of the hopper 1 under the action of gravity. At the same time, the first motor 53 can drive the first roller 54 to rotate, thereby driving the traveling frame 5 to move along the length direction of the hopper 1, so that the materials cover the length direction of the hopper 1, thus covering the entire hopper 1. When the traveling frame 5 moves along the length direction of the hopper 1, it will drive the second roller 63 to rotate, thereby driving the folding awning 6 to move, completing the covering of the materials, so as to reduce the evaporation of moisture in the materials, maintain the humidity of the compost pile, and promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. By advancing the traveling frame 5, the feeding, stacking, and covering of the folding awning 6 of the materials are carried out simultaneously for multiple originally sequential links. The simultaneous progress of multiple links greatly saves the overall time. Because this equipment is small in size, easy to disassemble, and can be flexibly placed at any position, placed beside the harvesting field without the need for truck transportation, it greatly saves the transportation cost, improves the composting efficiency, and improves the quality of the compost at the same time.
[0054] During blanking, as Figure 3 , Figure 5 shown, the operator moves the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 to the leftmost end of the hopper 1. The third motor 45 drives the discharging device 4 to descend. The first motor 53 drives the first roller 54 to rotate, driving the traveling frame 5 to move in the backward direction. A row of scraping blades 44 is installed at the rear end of the discharging device 4. The scraping blades 44 can clean the materials at the bottom and side walls of the hopper 1. During the movement of the traveling frame 5, the scraping blades 44 shovel up the materials. The three blades of the stirring shaft 43 are used to crush the materials, making it easier for the materials to be discharged after being crushed, improving the discharging rate of the compost. Subsequently, the spiral discharging shaft 42 rotates in the length direction of the hopper 1 to convey the materials from both ends to the middle, so that the materials are output from the discharging port 41. After the materials are output from the discharging port 41, they fall onto the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 and are conveyed by the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3 to the transverse conveying mechanism 2, and finally the blanking is completed from the left end of the transverse conveying mechanism 2. After the fermentation is completed, through the backward movement of the traveling frame 5, the links such as the collection, crushing, opening of the folding awning 6, and blanking of the materials are linked and carried out simultaneously, shortening the overall operation time. In addition, the equipment is small in size, easy to disassemble, and can be flexibly placed at any position, greatly reducing the transportation cost and improving the composting efficiency.
[0055] In this embodiment, the hopper 1 is long strip-shaped, with a width of 2 meters and made of lightweight but strong materials. This design not only reduces the floor area, but also has low requirements for the terrain, strong applicability, and can be applied to various uneven farmland environments. At the same time, it has good mobility and can be close to the harvesting location for composting, thus effectively reducing the transportation cost. The hopper 1 provides a stable stacking platform for the materials, ensuring that the materials can be evenly fermented during the fermentation process, improving the fermentation efficiency. At the same time, the stirring shaft 43 provided in the discharging device 4 ensures the uniform mixing of the materials, further improving the fermentation efficiency. In addition, the discharging device 4 can move up and down, can be applied to different composting scenarios and requirements, adjust the height of the discharging device 4, so that the equipment can better adapt to diverse application scenarios, crush the materials during the discharging process, and collect the materials around the hopper 1, improving the composting discharging rate and the material collection rate at the same time.
[0056] In this solution, the walking frame 5, the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3, the transverse conveying mechanism 2, and the discharging device 4 are automatically controlled by motors, improving the composting efficiency. Among them, the first motor 53 controls the movement of the walking frame 5 along the length direction of the hopper 1, the third motor 45 controls the longitudinal movement of the longitudinal conveying mechanism 3, achieving uniform spreading of the materials, ensuring that all materials can come into contact with air and microorganisms, promoting the uniform decomposition of the entire compost pile, avoiding the situation of partial incomplete decomposition, improving the quality of compost, and the second motor 31 controls the movement of the discharging device 4. Under the automatic control of the motors, through the forward movement of the walking frame 5, the feeding, stacking, and covering of the folding awning 6 of the materials are linked and can be carried out simultaneously, and through the backward movement of the walking frame 5, the collection, crushing, opening of the folding awning 6, discharging, and other links of the materials are linked and carried out simultaneously. The simultaneous linkage between all links greatly reduces the overall time of composting.
[0057] In summary, under the automatic control of the motors in this solution, the composting, crushing, and covering links are linked and carried out simultaneously, improving the composting efficiency, and through the setting of each component, the mobility and adaptability of the equipment are improved.
[0058] The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is only as Figure 7 shown. The folding frame 52 includes a telescopic rod 521, a first support column 522, a second support column 523, a regulator 524, and a number of third rollers 525. A plane is formed among the third roller 525, the second support column 523, and the transverse conveying mechanism 2, and the telescopic rod 521 and the first support column 522 are used to support and adjust this plane.
[0059] Specifically, second support columns 523 parallel to the transverse conveying mechanism 2 are installed on the left and right sides at the bottom end of the transverse conveying mechanism 2 on the folding frame 52, and the left and right second support columns 523 and the front and rear ends of the second support column 523 are connected by a number of third rollers 525, so that a plane is formed among the third roller 525, the second support column 523, and the transverse conveying mechanism 2. In this embodiment, the third roller 525 is cylindrical.
[0060] One end of the second support column 523 close to the input section of the transverse conveying mechanism 2 is hinged to one end of the telescopic rod 521 close to the input section to form an acute angle, the end of the second support column 523 far from the input section is bolted to one end of the first support column 522, and the other end of the first support column 522 is hinged to one end of the telescopic rod 521 close to the output section to form an obtuse angle; a stable triangular structure is formed among the telescopic rod 521, the first support column 522, and the second support column 523. In this embodiment, the telescopic rod 521 is an inclined rod, and the regulator 524 is used to adjust the high-strength bolt, so as to realize the disassembly of the first support rod 61.
[0061] Specifically, before use, the operator lifts the first support column 522, and connects the first support column 522 and the second support column 523 with high-strength bolts by rotating the bolts in the adjuster 524. According to the requirements of composting, by adjusting the length of the telescopic rod 521, the force balance of the material to be processed on the input section of the horizontal conveying mechanism 2 can be achieved, and the stable transportation of the material can be realized, so that all the conveyed materials can be conveyed to the hopper 1 for processing and stacking fermentation without deviation or omission. This can not only avoid waste, but also keep the environment clean and avoid the risk of fire caused by the scattered accumulation of combustibles around the hopper 1. In other embodiments, the telescopic rod 521 can adopt an electric push rod, so as to better support the input section on the folding frame 52 while adjusting the inclination of the folding frame 52 plane.
[0062] During use, the telescopic rod 521, the first support column 522, and the second support column 523 form a stable triangular structure, and the telescopic rod 521 makes the bracket 52 form an inclined plane. The material is transported from the right end to the left end of the horizontal conveying mechanism 2. The folding frame 52 makes the end of the input section of the horizontal conveying mechanism 2 tilt upward and the angle can be adjusted. When the material is transported to the position of the folding frame 52, the material is subjected to a vertically downward gravity during the conveying process of the horizontal conveying mechanism 2. The triangular structure formed by the telescopic rod 521, the first support column 522, and the second support column 523, and the inclined plane formed among the third roller 525, the second support column 523, and the horizontal conveying mechanism 2 provide a support force perpendicular to the inclined plane upward for the material. The material is subjected to a frictional force parallel to the inclined plane upward during the sliding process on the horizontal conveying mechanism 2. According to the parallelogram rule, the gravity will be decomposed into a vertical component and a parallel component. By adjusting the angle of the inclined plane, the support force can be made equal to the vertical component of the gravity, and the frictional force can be made equal to the parallel component of the gravity, so that the balance of forces is achieved among the four acting forces, thereby realizing that the material can rise along the horizontal conveying mechanism 2 and fall onto the vertical conveying mechanism 3, and then be conveyed to the hopper 1 by the vertical conveying mechanism 3, thus realizing the transportation of the material.
[0063] When not in use, the first support column 522 can be disassembled by rotating the bolts of the high-strength bolts in the adjuster 524, then the length of the telescopic rod 521 can be compressed, and finally the first support column 522 is rotated downward to realize the disassembly of the folding frame 52.
[0064] The detachable folding frame 52 enables the operator to adjust the state of the structure according to different needs to adapt to different composting environments and requirements. That is, according to the situation of the material, the folding frame 52 can be assembled, and the telescopic rod 521 can be adjusted to adjust the inclination angle of the folding frame 52, that is, by adjusting the magnitude of the frictional force of the horizontal conveying mechanism 2 of the material, the balance of forces among the folding frames 52 is achieved, so as to be applicable to the transportation of different materials.
[0065] In this solution, a detachable and adjustable folding frame 52, a longitudinally transfer mechanism 3 that can move flexibly, and a hopper 1 with an optimized design are adopted, enabling the entire device to move flexibly, have strong applicability, and be easy to disassemble. In addition, the combined use of the walking frame 5, the discharging device 4, and the folding awning 6 further simplifies the occupied space of the device, enabling the device to be transported as a whole to suit different composting scenarios and requirements, that is, the installation position can be flexibly selected, and a composting site can be set at a location near the farmland according to actual needs. The integrated transportation method in the form of a whole enables the device to complete multiple composting cycles at one location, reduces the need for frequent round-trip transportation, reduces the round-trip logistics cost, and at the same time can compost and ferment nearby, improving the composting efficiency.
[0066] Example 3:
[0067] The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that, as Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 shown, one end of the folding awning 6 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the walking frame 5, and the other end is fixedly connected to the hopper 1. The folding awning 6 is composed of several first support rods 61, several second support rods 62, a tarpaulin 64, and several second rollers 63. The first support rods 61 are used to form the main support structure of the folding awning 6, the second support rods 62 are used to support the tarpaulin 64 and are perpendicularly connected to the first support rods 61. The second rollers 63 are installed at the bottom between every two first support rods 61. The second roller 63 includes two small cylinders and a large cylinder, with the large cylinder located between the two small cylinders. A boss is formed between the large cylinder and the small cylinders, and the boss is clamped on the edge of the hopper 1. When the first motor 53 drives the walking frame 5 to move along the length direction of the hopper 1, it simultaneously drives the second rollers 63 to rotate, thereby pulling the folding awning 6 to move together, realizing the unfolding and closing of the folding awning 6.
[0068] Specifically, the folding awning 6 is composed of several first support rods 61, several second support rods 62, several second rollers 63 and a tarpaulin 64. The leftmost end of the leftmost first support rod 61 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the walking frame 5, ensuring that the entire folding awning 6 can move along with the movement of the walking frame 5. The rightmost end of the rightmost first support rod 61 is fixedly installed on the hopper 1 as the fixed point of the folding awning 6. The middle first support rods 61 are sequentially hinged to form a telescopic structure. This connection method enables the first support rods 61 to bend freely within a certain range to achieve the folding function. Second rollers 63 are installed at the bottom between two first support rods 61. The second roller 63 includes two small cylinders and a large cylinder. The large cylinder is located between the two small cylinders. A boss is formed between the large cylinder and the small cylinders of the second roller 63 and is clamped on the edge of the hopper 1, ensuring that the folding awning 6 does not squeeze the materials during the movement and maintaining a smooth sliding. The tarpaulin 64 is installed above the first support rods 61. Two second support rods 62 are installed between the tarpaulin 64 and each first support rod 61. The second support rods 62 are perpendicularly connected to the first support rods 61, so that the tarpaulin 64 can be effectively supported and remain flat when unfolded and closed.
[0069] Initial state of the folding awning 6: All the support rods are closely adjacent to each other, and the tarpaulin 64 is also in a folded state.
[0070] When the folding awning 6 is unfolded (i.e., when loading materials): When the first motor 53 drives the walking frame 5 to move forward along the length direction of the hopper 1, the leftmost first support rod 61 in the folding awning 6 pulled by the walking frame 5 moves together. The first support rods 61 are sequentially unfolded through hinge connections, driving the middle first support rods 61 and the tarpaulin 64 to unfold together. As the first support rods 61 unfold, the second support rods 62 rise accordingly, supporting the tarpaulin 64 to make the tarpaulin 64 in an open state. At the same time, the second rollers 63 roll on the edge of the hopper 1 to ensure the smooth movement of the support rods without squeezing the materials.
[0071] When the folding awning 6 is closed (i.e., when unloading materials): When the first motor 53 drives the walking frame 5 to move backward along the length direction of the hopper 1, the walking frame 5 will pull the leftmost first support rod 61 to contract inward. The first support rods 61 are sequentially folded through hinge connections, driving the middle first support rods 61 and the tarpaulin 64 to fold together. As the first support rods 61 fold, the second support rods 62 descend accordingly, causing the tarpaulin 64 to fold together. At the same time, the second rollers 63 roll on the edge of the hopper 1 to ensure the smooth movement of the support rods without squeezing the materials.
[0072] The combined design of the folding awning 6 and the walking frame 5 enables the folding awning 6 to automatically unfold during the feeding operation and automatically close during the discharging operation, realizing the automatic covering of materials. This improves the operation efficiency, ensures that the materials are always covered during the feeding process, prevents the influence of the external environment on the materials, and improves the quality of the materials.
[0073] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention. Specific technical solutions and / or common knowledge such as characteristics well known in the art are not described in detail herein. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners and the like recorded in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. An automatic composting device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a long strip hopper, on which a transverse conveying mechanism is provided along its length, and the transverse conveying mechanism is provided on one side of the hopper; the transverse conveying mechanism comprises an input section for loading materials and an output section for unloading materials; a traveling frame is provided above the hopper, and a longitudinal conveying mechanism is provided in the forward direction of the traveling frame; the longitudinal conveying mechanism is located below the input section of the transverse conveying mechanism and above the output section; an input port for dropping into the hopper is provided on one end of the longitudinal conveying mechanism away from the transverse conveying mechanism; A folding canopy is provided in the backward direction of the walking frame, and the folding canopy is stretched and covers the hopper behind the walking frame during the forward movement of the walking frame; the walking frame includes a frame, a folding frame, a first roller, and a first motor; the frame is located above the hopper, and the frame is connected to the transverse conveying mechanism through the folding frame; the folding frame supports the input section of the transverse conveying mechanism, and makes the end of the input section tilt upward and the angle is adjustable, and the folding frame includes a telescopic rod, a first support column, a second support column, an adjuster, and a third roller; the telescopic rod, the first support column, and the second support column are used to support the folding frame and adjust the inclination of the folding frame; The first roller is located on the bottom surface of the frame, and the first motor is located on the frame near the folding canopy. The first motor is used to drive the first roller to rotate, thereby driving the walking frame to move along the length direction of the hopper, and at the same time pulling the folding canopy to cover or open the hopper.
2. An automatic composting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the second support column close to the input section of the transverse conveying mechanism is hingedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod close to the input section to form an acute angle, the end of the second support column away from the input section is bolted to one end of the first support column, and the other end of the first support column is hingedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod close to the output section to form an obtuse angle; a stable triangular structure is formed between the telescopic rod, the first support column and the second support column.
3. An automatic composting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a discharging device, which is located below the traveling frame and includes a discharging port, a spiral discharging shaft, a stirring shaft, a scraper and a third motor.
4. An automatic composting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shape of the discharge port is an "L-shaped" channel inclined outward; the feed end of the discharge port is located in the forward direction of the spiral discharge shaft, and is used to receive the material transferred by the spiral discharge shaft; the discharge end of the discharge port is located above the longitudinal conveying mechanism; the discharge port includes a feed pipe connected to the feed end and a discharge pipe connected to the discharge end, and the connection between the feed pipe and the discharge pipe is a 130-degree arc connection.
5. An automatic composting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spiral discharging shaft rotates along the length direction of the hopper to transport the material from both ends to the middle.
6. The automatic composting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stirring shaft has three blades.
7. The automatic composting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scraper is in an arc shape.
8. The automatic composting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjuster is threadedly connected to the first support column via a high-strength bolt.
9. An automatic composting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four first rollers, and the first rollers are located on both sides of the hopper, with two first rollers on each side.
10. The automatic composting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The folding tent includes a plurality of first support rods, a plurality of second support rods, a second roller and a tent cloth.