Head-up display device, system and carrier

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of head-up display, in particular to a head-up display device, a system and a carrier. The head-up display device comprises a backlight source, a display screen, a grating structure and a reflector assembly. The display screen comprises a light emitting surface and a backlight surface which are oppositely arranged; the backlight surface of the display screen is provided with a backlight source; the light-emitting surface of the display screen is provided with a grating structure; the grating structure comprises a substrate layer, a lens layer and a plurality of shielding areas; the lens layer is located on the substrate layer; target gap regions exist between at least part of adjacent lens structures in the plurality of lens structures; a shielding area is arranged in the target gap area between the adjacent lens structures, and the shielding area is used for preventing light from penetrating through the target gap area; the ratio of the width of the lens structure to the width of the shielding area is 4: 1 to 60: 1; the reflector assembly is located above the grating structure, and the reflector assembly can reflect the light emitted by the display screen after being split by the grating structure to the eye box for multiple times. Therefore, the head-up display device has the characteristic of high imaging quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of head-up display, and particularly relates to a head-up display device, a system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The naked-eye 3D display technology enables users to perceive flat two-dimensional pictures or videos as three-dimensional stereoscopic effects with the naked eye without the aid of any external devices (such as 3D glasses). The principle of the naked-eye 3D display technology is to attach a slit / lenticular grating to the display screen. By using the grating technology, the pixels covered under the grating are divided into the pixels viewed by the user's left eye and the pixels viewed by the user's right eye. When the user's left eye and right eye view the screen, they will respectively see two groups of pixel points on the left and right, so that the user's two eyes respectively see images with different parallaxes, which are reflected to the brain, thus forming a stereoscopic sensation in the brain.

[0003] However, the head-up display devices in the existing naked-eye 3D display technology have problems such as crosstalk or low brightness, which will affect the imaging quality of the head-up display device and the user experience. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, on the one hand, the present application discloses a head-up display device, which includes a backlight source, a display screen, a grating structure and a mirror assembly;

[0005] The display screen includes an outgoing light surface and a backlight surface arranged opposite to each other;

[0006] The backlight surface of the display screen is provided with a backlight source;

[0007] The outgoing light surface of the display screen is provided with a grating structure; the grating structure includes a base layer, a lens layer and a plurality of shielding areas; the lens layer is located on the base layer; the lens layer includes a plurality of lens structures; at least some adjacent lens structures among the plurality of lens structures have a target gap area; a shielding area is provided in the target gap area between adjacent lens structures, and the shielding area is used to block light from penetrating the target gap area; the ratio of the width of the lens structure to the width of the shielding area is 4:1 to 60:1;

[0008] The mirror assembly is located above the grating structure so that the mirror assembly can reflect the light emitted from the display screen that has been split by the grating structure multiple times to reach the eye box.

[0009] In a feasible embodiment, the base layer includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other;

[0010] The lens layer is provided on the first surface;

[0011] The plurality of light shielding areas are located on the first surface, or the plurality of light shielding areas are located on the second surface.

[0012] In a feasible embodiment, the difference between the width of the occlusion area and the width of the target gap area corresponding to the position is less than a first preset threshold, or the ratio of the difference between the width of the occlusion area and the width of the target gap area corresponding to the position to the width of the occlusion area is less than a second preset threshold.

[0013] In a feasible embodiment, the width of the occlusion area is 5 to 20 micrometers;

[0014] The width of the lens structure is 80 to 300 micrometers.

[0015] In a feasible embodiment, the thickness of the occlusion area is less than or equal to 2 micrometers.

[0016] In a feasible embodiment, the widths of the target gap areas between adjacent lens structures among the multiple lens structures are equal.

[0017] In a feasible embodiment, the display screen includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, and each pixel unit includes a plurality of pixel subunits;

[0018] Each lens structure corresponds to at least one pixel unit in the display screen in terms of position.

[0019] In a feasible embodiment, a bonding layer is further provided between the light-emitting surface of the display screen and the base layer.

[0020] On the other hand, the present application discloses a head-up display system, which includes the above-mentioned head-up display device.

[0021] On the other hand, the present application discloses a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned head-up display system.

[0022] The embodiment of the present application provides a head-up display device, which specifically may include a backlight source, a display screen, a grating structure, and a mirror assembly; the display screen includes a light-emitting surface and a backlight surface arranged oppositely; the backlight source is provided on the backlight surface of the display screen; the grating structure is provided on the light-emitting surface of the display screen; the grating structure includes a base layer, a lens layer, and a plurality of occlusion areas; the lens layer is located on the base layer; the lens layer includes a plurality of lens structures; there is at least a part of adjacent lens structures among the plurality of lens structures with a target gap area therebetween; an occlusion area is provided in the target gap area between adjacent lens structures, and the occlusion area is used to block light from penetrating the target gap area; the ratio of the width of the lens structure to the width of the occlusion area is 4:1 to 60:1; the mirror assembly is located above the grating structure so that the mirror assembly can reflect the light emitted from the display screen after being split by the grating structure multiple times to reach the eyebox. In this way, the head-up display device can have a high-quality imaging effect. Description of the Drawings

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is an exemplary application scenario diagram of a head-up display device of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary head-up display device of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is an exemplary diagram of the spectroscopic principle of a slit grating of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is an exemplary diagram of the spectroscopic principle of a cylindrical grating in the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the corresponding lamination structure of the lenticular lens and the display screen;

[0029] Figure 6 This is another exemplary schematic diagram of the spectroscopic principle of a cylindrical grating according to the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of an existing cylindrical grating exemplified in the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The spectroscopic principle diagram of the cylindrical grating shown in FIG.

[0032] Figure 9 This is an exemplary imaging diagram of a naked-eye 3D image in the present application;

[0033] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary eye box of the present application;

[0034] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary lamination structure of a grating structure and a display screen of the present application;

[0035] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary longitudinal field of view angle and a lateral field of view angle of the present application;

[0036] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an exemplary grating structure of the present application;

[0037] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of another exemplary grating structure of the present application;

[0038] Figure 15 It is the imaging simulation result of Embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0039] The following is a supplementary description of the accompanying drawings:

[0040] 1 - slit grating; 2 - display screen; 201 - pixel unit; 202 - pixel subunit; 3 - cylindrical lens grating; 301 - cylindrical mirror sub - grating; 302 - gap area; 4 - target gap area; 5 - base layer; 6 - lens layer; 601 - lens structure; 7 - occlusion area; 8 - mirror assembly; 801 - first mirror; 802 - second mirror; 9 - backlight source; 10 - eye box; 11 - imaging component; 12 - image source; 13 - head - up display device; 14 - adhesive layer; 15 - UV layer. Specific Embodiments

[0041] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0042] As used herein, "one embodiment" or "embodiment" refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation manner of the present application. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Moreover, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily need to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0043] When a numerical range is disclosed herein, the above range is considered continuous and includes the minimum and maximum values of the range, as well as every value therebetween. Further, when the range refers to integers, every integer between the minimum and maximum values of the range is included. In addition, when multiple ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, the ranges may be combined. In other words, unless otherwise specified, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges subsumed therein. For example, a specified range from "1 to 10" should be considered to include any and all sub-ranges between the minimum value 1 and the maximum value 10. Exemplary sub-ranges of the range 1 to 10 include, but are not limited to, 1 to 6.1, 3.5 to 7.8, 5.5 to 10, etc.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows an application scenario diagram of an exemplary head-up display device of the present application. The embodiments of the present application also provide an application scenario of the above head-up display device, which may include a head-up display system (Head Up Display, HUD). The head-up display system may include a head-up display device 13 and an imaging component 11 (such as a windshield). Among them, please refer to Figure 2 , which shows a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary head-up display device of the present application. The head-up display device includes a backlight source 9, a display screen 2, a grating structure, and a mirror assembly 8; the display screen 2 includes an outgoing light surface and a backlight surface arranged opposite to each other; the backlight surface of the display screen 2 is provided with a backlight source 9; the outgoing light surface of the display screen 2 is provided with a grating structure; the grating structure includes a base layer 5, a lens layer 6, and a plurality of shielding regions 7; the lens layer 6 is located on the base layer 5; the lens layer 6 includes a plurality of lens structures 601; there is at least a target gap region 4 between at least some adjacent lens structures 601 among the plurality of lens structures 601; a shielding region 7 is provided in the target gap region 4 between adjacent lens structures 601, and the shielding region 7 is used to block light from penetrating the target gap region 4; the ratio of the width of the lens structure 601 to the width of the shielding region 7 is 4:1 to 60:1; the mirror assembly 8 is located above the grating structure so that the mirror assembly 8 can reflect the light emitted from the display screen 2 split by the grating structure multiple times to reach the eyebox. In this way, not only can the processing difficulty of the grating structure be reduced, such as avoiding the influence of lens glue on the lens performance during the processing, but also based on the design of the light-shielding region, the light crosstalk generated by the light emitted from the target gap region 4 can be effectively blocked, improving the imaging quality of the head-up display device. Optionally, the structure composed of the backlight source 9, the display screen 2, and the grating structure may be referred to as an image source 12. Please refer to Figure 1 , the light emitted from the image source 12 can be reflected multiple times by the mirror assembly 8 and then enter the eyebox 10.

[0045] The naked-eye 3D display technology generally means that users can observe three-dimensional images with the naked eye without wearing relevant devices. Its principle is to attach a light-splitting element (such as a grating) to a liquid crystal display (LCD). The light-splitting element divides the pixels of the display it covers into pixels viewed by the user's left eye and pixels viewed by the user's right eye. This causes the user's left and right eyes to see two sets of pixel points respectively, thus generating a parallax, and the user can view images with a 3D display effect. It can be seen that the light-splitting effect of the light-splitting element plays a crucial role in the 3D display effect that the end user can view.

[0046] Generally, according to its light-splitting method, the light-splitting element can be specifically divided into a slit grating 1 and a lenticular grating 3. Please refer to Figure 3 , the slit grating 1 is an optical element composed of a series of parallel thin lines or sheets, with light-blocking areas and light-transmitting areas. When the light emitted by the display 2 passes through the light-transmitting areas at specific intervals, it will be affected by the light-blocking areas, resulting in interference and diffraction phenomena. These interference and diffraction phenomena cause the dispersion and deflection of the light beam, separating the light of different wavelengths contained in the light beam, thus achieving the light-splitting effect. By dividing the pixels of the display 2 into pixels viewed by the user's left eye and pixels viewed by the user's right eye, the user's left and right eyes can see images with different parallaxes respectively, and thus a three-dimensional feeling image can be formed in the user's brain. However, since the light-blocking areas will affect the light transmittance and reduce the light brightness, it will further reduce the resolution of the 3D display device using it.

[0047] Compared with the slit grating 1, the lenticular grating 3 adopts a transmission method and does not cause the problem of reduced brightness. Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the lenticular grating 3 is usually composed of a series of parallel lenticular sub-gratings 301. Each lenticular sub-grating 301 can be regarded as a small convex lens, making the image plane of the display 2 located on the focal plane of the lenticular sub-grating 301. In this way, several sub-pixels of the display 2 correspond to each lenticular sub-grating 301, and each lenticular sub-grating 301 can project each sub-pixel in different directions, enabling the user's left and right eyes to see images with different parallaxes, and a three-dimensional feeling image can be formed in the user's brain. Please refer to Figure 6 , an ideal lenticular grating 3 can refract the light emitted by the display 2 into light beams in different directions, enabling the user's left eye to see images with different parallaxes. However, due to the limitations of actual processing technology capabilities and levels, there are often gap areas 302 between the actually processed lenticular sub-gratings 301. Please refer to Figure 7, which shows a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary existing cylindrical lens grating of the present application, resulting in some light rays passing through the gap region 302 and causing crosstalk (please refer to Figure 8 in Figure 8 the dotted light rays in it are crosstalk light rays), thereby affecting the display effect of the 3D display device. Therefore, by using the above-mentioned head-up display device provided by the present application, since the grating structure therein includes a base layer 5, a lens layer 6 and a plurality of shielding regions 7; the lens layer 6 is located on the base layer 5; the lens layer 6 includes a plurality of lens structures 601; there is at least a target gap region 4 between at least some adjacent lens structures 601 among the plurality of lens structures 601; a shielding region 7 is provided in the target gap region 4 between adjacent lens structures 601; the ratio of the width of the lens structure 601 to the width of the shielding region 7 is 4:1 to 60:1, thus neither affecting the brightness nor avoiding crosstalk, ensuring the imaging quality of the head-up display device. Since the requirement for the processing alignment accuracy of the cylindrical lens grating 3 is greatly reduced, the equipment accuracy and process difficulty can be reduced, the cost can be saved, and the mass production rate can be improved.

[0048] In a feasible embodiment, the display screen 2 includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, and each pixel unit includes a plurality of pixel sub-units; each lens structure 601 corresponds to at least one pixel unit in the display screen 2. The display screen 2 itself does not emit light, and the light emitted by the backlight source 9 irradiates the display screen 2 to light up the pixels, and then the display screen 2 emits the light to the grating structure. The plurality of lens structures 601 in the grating structure can split the incident light and refract light rays at different angles, and then form a virtual image on the imaging component 11 (such as a windshield) after being reflected by the mirror assembly 8 to reach different regions of the eye box. The first mirror 801 can specifically be a plane mirror, and the second mirror 8029 can be a curved mirror. Optionally, the first mirror 801 can be a curved mirror; the second mirror 802 can be a curved mirror. Optionally, the mirror assembly 8 is not limited to including two mirrors, and can also be only one or more than two mirrors, and the specific number and position are set according to needs. The head-up display system can project information such as vehicle speed, navigation information, and warning information onto the driver's field of view in the form of images and characters through optical components, and is widely used in vehicles for driving assistance.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 9, which shows a schematic diagram of the imaging of an exemplary naked-eye 3D image in this application. The principle of the naked-eye 3D image is that through the optical design of the head-up display system, the user's left eye sees the image P1 through the imaging component 11, and the right eye sees the image P2. Its feature is that by changing the position between these two images viewed by the user, the binocular parallax is adjusted, so that the virtual image distance felt subjectively by the user changes. In fact, the virtual image distance remains unchanged. The closer the two images are, the closer the virtual image distance felt subjectively by the user. On the contrary, the farther the two images are, the farther the virtual image distance felt subjectively by the user.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 10 , which shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary eye box in this application. The eye box 10 refers to the range of the eyeball distribution where a complete image can be seen when the user looks at the imaging structure in the HUD. The normal interpupillary distance of the human eye is about 63-65 mm, so the size of the eye box 10 area in the HUD is also set accordingly.

[0051] The image displayed on the display screen 2 of the HUD is incident on the eye box 10 through the imaging component 11 (such as the windshield), and the eye box 10 can be divided into multiple viewing area partitions (that is, the eye box 10 is divided into different areas). Specifically, the eye box 10 can be divided into three areas: upper, middle, and lower as shown in Figure 12 . It can also be divided into four areas or five areas, etc., which are not limited here. Please refer to Figure 11 , which shows a schematic diagram of the fitting structure of a grating structure and a display screen in this application. The light-emitting surface of the display screen 2 is provided with a base layer 5; the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the display screen 2 can be refracted by each lens structure 601 to different areas of the eye box 10; the display screen 2 includes a plurality of pixel units 201 arranged in an array, and each pixel unit 201 includes a plurality of pixel sub-units 202; each lens structure 601 corresponds to at least one pixel unit 201 in the display screen 2. Therefore, when partitioning the eye box 10, the eye box 10 can be partitioned based on the number of pixel sub-units 202 covered by each lens structure 601 in the grating structure to obtain a set of viewing area partitions. Among them, the viewing area partitions are periodically repeated. For example, if a lens structure 601 can cover 4 pixel sub-units 202 in the display screen 2, the eye box 10 can be evenly divided into 4 viewing area partitions. Another example is that if each lens structure 601 covers 5 pixel sub-units 202 in the display screen 2, the eye box 10 can be evenly divided into 5 viewing area partitions. If each lens structure 601 covers 5 pixel sub-units 202 in the display screen 2, the eye box 10 can also be divided into 6 viewing area partitions. Specifically, the eye box 10 and the area of the pixel sub-units 202 covered by each lens structure 601 can be divided according to needs.

[0052] Specifically, the pixel sub-units 202 may be the respective sub-pixels in the display screen 2, such as Red (abbreviated as R) sub-pixels, Green (abbreviated as G) sub-pixels, and Blue (abbreviated as B) sub-pixels. That is, the position of each lens structure 601 may be correspondingly set with the position of at least one pixel unit 201 in the display screen 2, and the length of each lens structure 601 in the row direction of the display screen 2 may be equal to the length of at least one pixel unit 201 arranged in the row direction in the display screen 2.

[0053] In other embodiments, it is also possible to perform zoning processing on the eye box 10 according to the surface shape, thickness, material refractive index of the grating structure, refractive index of the glue between the grating and the bonding, thickness of the glue, and optical parameters of the display screen 2, such as the thickness and refractive index of each layer involved between the filter of the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and the upper surface of the LCD, to obtain visual area zoning, and further obtain the required eye point pitch and pupil distance numerical results.

[0054] In the embodiments of the present application, the light splitting principle of the above grating structure is as follows: After the light of adjacent pixel units 201 in the display screen 2 is refracted by the cylindrical lens grating 3, the exit angles are different. After passing through the reflection mirror assembly 8 and the refraction of the imaging component 11 in sequence, they can enter the left and right eyes of the driver respectively, so that the images seen by the left and right eyes of the driver are different, realizing light splitting.

[0055] Please continue to refer to Figure 11 , the position of a lens structure 601 may be the same as that of the first pixel unit 201 (such as Figure 13 including the three sub-pixels R1, G1, and B1) and the second pixel unit 201 (such as Figure 11It is correspondingly set according to the positions of three sub-pixels, namely R2, G2, and B2. The length of the lens structure 601 in the row direction of the display screen 2 may be equal to the sum of the lengths of the first pixel unit 201 and the second pixel unit 201 arranged in the row direction in the display screen 2, and the first pixel unit 201 and the second pixel unit 201 may be in the same row in the pixel unit 201 array. Optionally, when the pixel sub-unit 202 (such as R1) in the first pixel unit 201 is in the light-emitting state and the pixel sub-unit 202 (such as R2) in the second pixel unit 201 is in the light-emitting state, the lens structure 601 can refract the light emitted by the first pixel sub-unit 202 and can also refract the light emitted by the second pixel sub-unit 202, so that the light emitted by the first pixel sub-unit 202 and the light emitted by the second pixel sub-unit 202 are refracted from the light-emitting surface of the cylindrical lens grating 3 to different regions of the eyebox 10. At this time, by setting the length of a lens structure 601 to correspond to the sum of the lengths of two adjacent pixel units 201, one of the three RGB pixel sub-units 202 in a single pixel unit 201 can be controlled to be in the light-emitting state. For example, only the pixel sub-unit R can be controlled to be in the light-emitting state, so that the light of one pixel unit 201 among two adjacent pixel units 201 corresponds to the right eye, and the light of the other pixel unit 201 corresponds to the left eye. By controlling the monochromatic sub-pixel to be in the light-emitting state, the user can view a monochromatic three-dimensional image through the imaging component 11. Optionally, in order for the user to view a colored three-dimensional virtual image through the imaging component 11, multiple pixel sub-units 202 in a single pixel unit 201 can also be controlled to be in the light-emitting state.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 12 , which shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary longitudinal field of view and a transverse field of view of the present application. For a rectangular virtual image, the angle formed by the connection line between the midpoints of the left and right vertical sides and the eye point can be called the transverse field of view (Horizontal field of view, HFOV), or it can also be called the horizontal field of view. The angle formed by the connection line between the midpoints of the upper and lower horizontal sides and the eye point can be called the vertical field of view (Vertical field of view, VFOV), or it can also be called the longitudinal field of view.

[0057] The grating structure in the head-up display device will be elaborated in detail below:

[0058] In one feasible embodiment, the base layer 5 includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; a lens layer 6 is provided on the first surface; and a plurality of light-shielding areas are located on the first surface. In this case, each of the light-shielding areas 7 is located below the target gap area 4 between adjacent lens structures 601. In another feasible embodiment, the base layer 5 includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; a lens layer 6 is provided on the first surface; and a plurality of light-shielding areas are located on the second surface, that is, Figure 2 In the case shown, each shielding area 7 is located above the target gap area 4 between adjacent lens structures 601. This solution facilitates alignment of the shielding area 7 with the corresponding target gap area 4 during the molding process. For example, the base layer 5 and lens layer 6, as well as the shielding layer, can be molded first, and then the two can be bonded together.

[0059] Generally, the width of the target gap area 4 is set larger to reduce the impact of the adhesive (also known as glue) on the physical structure of the grating when the adhesive is used for bonding. However, it should not be too large, because when it is too large, after the shielding area 7 is subsequently set on the target gap area 4, it is equivalent to that some light cannot be emitted, which will affect the imaging effect. Therefore, in a feasible embodiment, the length range of the shielding area 7 along the first direction is 5 to 20 microns. In other words, the width of the shielding area 7 is 5 to 20 microns. Specifically, the width of the shielding area 7 in an exemplary embodiment can be 5 microns, 7 microns, 9 microns, 11 microns, 13 microns, 15 microns, 17 microns, 19 microns or 20 microns. Of course, the width of the shielding area 7 can also be positively correlated with the width of the target gap area 4. When the widths of the two are equal, the target gap areas 4 between adjacent lens structures 601 can be equal, and the width of the target gap area 4 can also be set to 5 to 20 microns. Optionally, the widths of the target gap regions 4 between adjacent lens structures 601 in the lens layer 6 are equal, but a smaller expected deviation is acceptable. For example, the width difference between any two target gap regions 4 may be less than or equal to 1 micron.

[0060] In one feasible embodiment, the difference between the width of the shading area 7 and the width of the target gap area 4 at the corresponding position can be less than the first preset threshold value to ensure the shading effect of the shading area 7, minimize the problem of light crosstalk, and enable the head-up display device to achieve a better display effect. In another feasible embodiment, the ratio of the difference between the width of the shading area 7 and the width of the target gap area 4 at the corresponding position to the width of the shading area 7 is less than the second preset threshold value. Compared with the aforementioned embodiment, this embodiment can further reduce the processing difficulty while ensuring the shading effect. The above-mentioned first preset threshold value and the second preset threshold value can be adaptively adjusted and set according to the required shading effect, and are not limited here.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the width of the lens structure 601 to the width of the occlusion area 7 is 4:1 to 60:1. Specifically, the ratio of the width of the lens structure 601 to the width of the occlusion area 7 can be 4:1, 10:1, 20:1, 30:1, 40:1, 50:1 or 60:1, etc., and is not limited to the specific proportional relationships listed above.

[0062] In a feasible embodiment, the thickness of the occlusion area 7 is less than or equal to 2 micrometers. Specifically, the thickness of the occlusion area 7 can be 0.5 micrometers, 1 micrometer, 1.5 micrometers or 2 micrometers.

[0063] In a feasible embodiment, the width of the lens structure 601 is 80 to 300 micrometers. Specifically, the width of the lens structure 601 can be 80 micrometers, 100 micrometers, 120 micrometers, 140 micrometers, 160 micrometers, 180 micrometers, 200 micrometers, 220 micrometers, 240 micrometers, 260 micrometers, 280 micrometers or 300 micrometers.

[0064] In a feasible embodiment, the widths of the target gap areas 4 between adjacent lens structures 601 among the multiple lens structures 601 are equal. This makes the multiple lens structures 601 in the lens layer 6 evenly distributed. Of course, limited by the processing accuracy, the target gap areas 4 in the actually produced and processed lens layer 6 may not be exactly equal.

[0065] In a feasible embodiment, there is a first gap area between all adjacent lens structures 601 among the multiple lens structures 601. That is, there may be gap areas between all adjacent lens structures 601 in the lens layer 6, and these gap areas are all the above-mentioned first gap areas 4.

[0066] In another feasible embodiment, the lens layer 6 includes N regions, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; among the N regions, there are first to Nth gap areas between adjacent lens structures 601 in the first to Nth regions; the first to Nth gap areas have different gap widths. That is, there may be gap areas between all adjacent lens structures 601 in the lens layer 6. Among them, there is a first gap area 4 between some adjacent lens structures 601, and the gap areas between the remaining adjacent lens structures 601 have gap areas with other widths. Optionally, the widths of the gap areas between the remaining adjacent lens structures 601 can be evenly distributed or unevenly distributed.

[0067] In another feasible embodiment, the lens layer 6 includes N regions, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; among the N regions, there is a first gap region between adjacent lens structures 601 in the first to L regions; there is no gap region between adjacent lens structures 601 in the (L + 1)th to Nth regions; L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N. That is, there may be a first gap region 4 between some adjacent lens structures 601, and no gap region between other adjacent lens structures 601.

[0068] In another feasible embodiment, the lens layer 6 includes M regions, where M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3; among the M regions, there are first to K gap regions between adjacent lens structures 601 in the first to K regions; the first to K gap regions have different gap widths; there is no gap region between adjacent lens structures 601 in the (K + 1)th to Mth regions; L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N. That is, there may be a first gap region 4 between some adjacent lens structures 601, there may be gap regions with other widths between some adjacent lens structures 601, and no gap region between the remaining adjacent lens structures 601.

[0069] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, the lens layer 6 can be divided into multiple regions according to the arrangement direction of the lens structures 601, and the gap regions between adjacent lens structures 601 in each region correspond to one gap width. Optionally, the widths of these gap regions can all be the width of the first gap region, or can correspond to the widths of at least two or more gap regions, such as the width of the first gap region 4 and the widths of other gap regions (which can be less than 5 microns). Optionally, the gap regions can be evenly distributed or unevenly distributed, which is not limited herein. Optionally, it can also be that the gap regions between adjacent lens structures 601 in some regions correspond to one gap width, and there is no gap region between adjacent lens structures 601 in other parts of the regions. The widths of these gap regions can all be the width of the first gap region 4, or can correspond to the widths of at least two or more gap regions. The gap regions can be evenly distributed or unevenly distributed, which is not limited herein. However, whether it is the first gap region 4 or other gap regions, in order to achieve a better display effect, corresponding shielding regions 7 will be provided in the corresponding regions.

[0070] In a feasible embodiment, the materials of the base layer 5 and the lens layer 6 are both transparent materials. Specifically, according to different forming processes or required display effects, the base layer 5 can be any material layer that can be realized in the prior art, and those skilled in the art can select a suitable material layer as the base material according to the actual situation. For example, the base layer 5 can be a PET layer, an APET layer, a PC layer, a PP layer, a PMMA layer or a glass layer. Similarly, the lens layer 6 can also select a suitable material layer as the lens layer 6 according to the actual situation. For example, it can be a UV resin layer.

[0071] In a feasible embodiment, the material of the light-blocking area 7 can be a material that blocks light transmission. Specifically, it can be a metal material, an inorganic material (such as ceramics), or a composite material (such as a material composed of a metal and an organic material, or a material composed of an inorganic and an organic material). The specific type of the material of the light-blocking area 7 is not limited here, as long as it can block light from penetrating through the light-blocking area 7.

[0072] In a feasible embodiment, each lens structure 601 is a convex lens or a concave lens, and can be specifically set according to the required imaging needs. The embodiment of the present application mainly exemplifies the case where the lens structure 601 is a convex lens. The surface of the convex lens can specifically be a semi-circular shape or other arc shapes, and the curvature of the convex lens can be specifically set according to needs to adapt to different application requirements and visual effects. It is not limited here.

[0073] In a feasible embodiment, please refer to Figure 14 , the grating structure may specifically further include an adhesive layer 14. The adhesive layer 14 is provided with the base layer 5, that is, the adhesive layer 14 is located below the base layer 5 and is used to bond and connect it with other layer structures, and belongs to a special adhesive. Optionally, the above-mentioned light-blocking area 7 can also be located below the adhesive layer 14. Optionally, according to different processing methods of the grating structure, the grating structure is different. For example, when the UV imprinting method is used, a UV layer 15 is also formed during the forming process. The UV layer 15 is located between the base layer 5 and the lens layer 6, and the thicknesses of the above-mentioned layers can be adjusted adaptively according to needs.

[0074] The embodiment of the present application further provides a preparation method of the above grating structure. Common methods for preparing the lenticular grating 3 include hot pressing, injection molding, photolithography, etc. Among them, hot pressing and injection molding are methods of forming a polymer by means of a grating mold. After cooling or curing, the required lenticular grating 3 can be obtained. Among them, the grating mold can be obtained by patterning a substrate. The photolithography method is a method of obtaining a lenticular grating by exposing glue. Optionally, according to the order of forming the light-shielding area and the lens layer 6, the method for preparing the grating structure can be specifically divided into the following two methods. The first method is to first form the shielding area 7 (specifically, it can be formed by means of pasting or coating). A mask can be used to directly form the shielding area 7 in a preset area of the substrate. Subsequently, the base layer 5 and the lens layer 6 can be formed by using the above common methods, and the base layer 5 can be bonded to the above shielding area 7 according to the preset structural level. The second method is to first form the base layer 5 and the lens layer 6 and bond them to the display screen 2, and then fill the target gap area 4 with an opaque medium. In comparison, the first forming method has lower requirements for equipment and forming accuracy.

[0075] An exemplary embodiment of forming the grating structure can be to first form a UV material on the grating mold. Specifically, the material can be coated on the columnar micro-concave array mold, and a flexible transparent substrate material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polypropylene (PP) is covered on the UV material, and it is rolled flat by a roll press or a laminating machine with adjusted spacing, and the excess glue is extruded; it is also possible to make the UV material level by itself after the UV material is coated by a UV roll coater with appropriate spacing. Then, UV curing treatment is carried out. Specifically, the coated micro-concave array mold can be irradiated with an ultraviolet lamp to cure the UV material. Finally, it can be peeled off from the mold manually or mechanically to obtain the lenticular grating 3, and then a shielding area 7 can be formed by coating on its base layer 5 or lens layer 6 based on a mask, or a shielding area 7 can be directly formed by coating on its base layer 5 or lens layer 6, and then the shielding area 7 can be obtained by patterning the coating. In fact, the lenticular grating 3 in the grating structure can also be other embodiments, not limited to the above examples, as long as the lenticular grating 3 with the required structure and optical parameters can be formed.

[0076] Since the material of the lenticular grating 3 is liquid during the forming process, when the adjacent lenticular sub-grating 301 structures are close, the materials will fuse together, resulting in a change in the structure of the lenticular grating 3 and not meeting the required structural shape. Therefore, in order to avoid this phenomenon, a certain gap is usually left between adjacent lenticular sub-gratings 301 in the existing processing, but this will further cause a crosstalk problem. Therefore, the present application performs a light-shielding treatment on this through the provided light-shielding area, so that the columnar structure can be ensured to be complete and there will be no crosstalk problem.

[0077] The beneficial effects of the solution of the present application will be described below with a specific embodiment:

[0078] Taking the example that one cylindrical lens grating 301 covers 8 sub-pixels of the display screen 2, a pair of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 are provided. Among them, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are cylindrical lens gratings 3 formed based on the existing process, that is, there is a first gap region 4 between adjacent lens structures 601. Among them, the first gap region 4 in Comparative Example 1 is 20 mm, and the first gap region 4 in Comparative Example 2 is 10 mm. Comparative Example 3 is an ideal cylindrical lens grating 3, that is, there is no first gap region 4 between adjacent lens structures 601; Embodiment 1 is a grating structure with an occlusion region 7 set in the first gap region 4 of Comparative Example 1, and Embodiment 2 is a grating structure with an occlusion region 7 set in the first gap region 4 of Comparative Example 2. The remaining parameters of the above 5 structures are the same. For example, each cylindrical lens grating 301 can be a structure as Figure 14 shown. Specifically, the width of the lens structure 601 in the lens layer 6 can be set to 170.43 microns, and the inclination angle of the lens layer 6 on the substrate is 18.25°. The thickness of the adhesive layer 14 is 50 ± 5 microns, the thickness of the base layer 5 is 50 ± 5 microns, the thickness of the UV layer 15 is 10 ± 5 microns, and the height of the lens layer 6 is 8.88 to 11.1 microns, etc. Performing HUD imaging simulation calculations on it, we can obtain Figure 15 The imaging simulation result corresponding to Embodiment 1, and the abscissa of the color map in the figure is the irradiation width in the x direction, with the unit of millimeter; the ordinate is the irradiation width in the y direction, with the unit of millimeter; by comparing the simulation results, it can be obtained that the crosstalk value of Comparative Example 1 is about 8.6%, the crosstalk value of Comparative Example 2 is about 2.2%, and there is no crosstalk in Comparative Example 3. By performing occlusion processing on the first gap region 4, its crosstalk can be greatly reduced. For example, the crosstalk value of Embodiment 1 is about 0.01%, and the crosstalk value of Embodiment 2 is about 0.01%. This verifies that the head-up display device adopting the present solution can effectively avoid the crosstalk problem.

[0079] An embodiment of the present application provides a head-up display system, which includes the above-mentioned head-up display device. For specific details, reference can be made to the foregoing description.

[0080] An embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, including the above-mentioned head-up display system. The vehicle provided in this embodiment may include, but is not limited to, land vehicles such as vehicles, air vehicles such as aircraft (or called flying vehicles), or water or underwater vehicles, etc.

[0081] Since the vehicle includes the above-mentioned head-up display system, the head-up display device in the above-mentioned head-up display system can effectively avoid light crosstalk, and has good brightness, which can provide a better display effect for the driver and ensure the driving safety of the driver.

[0082] The above head-up display system can also be linked with a Driver Monitor System (DMS), so as to monitor the driver's state and prevent dangerous behaviors such as driver fatigue and distraction.

[0083] The above are only optional embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A head-up display device, characterized in that, It includes a backlight source, a display screen, a grating structure, and a mirror assembly; The display screen includes a light-emitting surface and a backlight surface that are oppositely arranged; The backlight source is provided on the backlight surface of the display screen; the backlight source is used to light up the display screen; The grating structure is provided on the light-emitting surface of the display screen; the grating structure includes a base layer, a lens layer, and a plurality of shielding regions; the lens layer is located on the base layer; the lens layer includes a plurality of lens structures; there is at least a target gap region between at least some adjacent lens structures among the plurality of lens structures; a shielding region is provided in the target gap region between adjacent lens structures, and the shielding region is used to block light from penetrating the target gap region; the ratio of the width of the lens structure to the width of the shielding region is 4:1 to 60:1; The mirror assembly is located above the grating structure so that the mirror assembly can reflect the light emitted from the display screen that has been split by the grating structure multiple times to reach the eyebox.

2. The head-up display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base layer includes a first surface and a second surface that are oppositely arranged; The lens layer is provided on the first surface; The plurality of light-shielding regions are located on the first surface, or the plurality of light-shielding regions are located on the second surface.

3. The head-up display device according to claim 1, characterized in that The difference between the width of the shielding region and the width of the corresponding target gap region is less than a first preset threshold, or the ratio of the difference between the width of the shielding region and the width of the corresponding target gap region to the width of the shielding region is less than a second preset threshold.

4. The head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein, The width of the shielding region is 5 to 20 micrometers; The width of the lens structure is 80 to 300 micrometers.

5. The head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein The thickness of the shielding region is less than or equal to 2 micrometers.

6. The head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein The widths of the target gap regions between adjacent lens structures among the plurality of lens structures are equal.

7. The head-up display device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The display screen includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, and each pixel unit includes a plurality of pixel subunits; Each lens structure corresponds to at least one pixel unit in the display screen in position.

8. The head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein, A bonding layer is further provided between the light-emitting surface of the display screen and the base layer.

9. A head-up display system, characterized in that, It includes a head-up display device according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a head-up display system according to claim 9.

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