Motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a motor controller with double adjustable over-current protection and a vehicle, a first over-current comparison circuit and a second over-current comparison circuit are arranged, and two sets of current protection thresholds are set for the first over-current comparison circuit and the second over-current comparison circuit through a microprocessor, so that two sets of protection mechanisms are realized; and different circuit protection thresholds are set through the microprocessor, so that different protection elements can be matched to adapt to different platforms. A temperature sensor is arranged in the protection element, temperature analog signals of the protection element are collected through the temperature sensor, and after the temperature analog signals are transmitted to a microprocessor, the microprocessor can change resistance values of a first variable filter circuit and a second variable filter circuit according to the temperature signals; and the filtering frequency is changed along with the change of the resistance value, so that more scientific and more accurate overcurrent protection is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of motor controllers for new energy vehicles, and more specifically, to a motor controller and a vehicle with dual adjustable overcurrent protection. Background Art

[0002] The motor controller plays a crucial role in the three-electricity system of new energy vehicles. Controlling the operation of the motor directly determines key performance parameters such as the output power, torque, and speed of the motor. The torque control of the motor controller is achieved through current control. The acquisition of the motor current is realized through a Hall sensor. The output of the Hall sensor is connected to an RC filter, and the output of the filter is compared with two fixed voltage thresholds. When the voltage threshold is exceeded, the hardware will generate an overcurrent fault signal within a few milliseconds, and the fault signal will shut down the motor controller. Since the RC circuit in the hardware circuit is fixed and the threshold voltage circuit is also fixed, the corresponding filter parameters and threshold voltages are both fixed. In short, the energy level of protection (threshold and time parameters) is fixed and unique. It can only be designed for a certain overcurrent form. Either the margin is too large, wasting the device performance, or the margin is insufficient, which may lead to false alarms. After the hardware platform is used for other devices, this circuit needs to be readjusted, which is not conducive to platformization. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] In view of this, the utility model provides a motor controller and a vehicle with dual adjustable overcurrent protection, which can realize variable characteristics of the filter by means of a variable resistor, adjust the threshold of the comparator, and have two threshold protection mechanisms.

[0004] On the one hand, the utility model provides a motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection, including: a protection element with a temperature sensor, a driving unit, a current sensor, a first variable filtering circuit, a first overcurrent comparison circuit, a second variable filtering circuit, a second overcurrent comparison circuit, a switching tube circuit, and a microprocessor, wherein,

[0005] The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the microprocessor;

[0006] The driving unit is electrically connected to the protection element, the microprocessor, and the switching tube circuit respectively;

[0007] The protection element is electrically connected to the driving unit and the current sensor respectively;

[0008] The current sensor is electrically connected to the protection element, the first variable filtering circuit, and the second variable filtering circuit respectively;

[0009] The first variable filtering circuit is electrically connected to the current sensor, the first overcurrent comparison circuit, and the microprocessor respectively;

[0010] The second variable filtering circuit is respectively connected to the current sensor and the second overcurrent comparison circuit

[0011] The first overcurrent comparison circuit is electrically connected to the first variable filtering circuit, the switching tube circuit and the microprocessor respectively;

[0012] The second overcurrent comparison circuit is electrically connected to the second variable filtering circuit, the switching tube circuit and the microprocessor respectively;

[0013] The switching tube circuit is electrically connected to the driving unit, the first overcurrent comparison circuit and the second overcurrent comparison circuit respectively;

[0014] Wherein, the current threshold of the first overcurrent comparison circuit is different from that of the second overcurrent comparison circuit.

[0015] Optionally, the first variable filtering circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first capacitor, a first amplifier, a first switch and a second switch, wherein,

[0016] The first end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the output end of the current sensor, and the second end of the first resistor is respectively electrically connected to the first plate of the first capacitor and the positive input end of the first amplifier;

[0017] The control end of the first switch is electrically connected to the microprocessor, one end of the first switch is electrically connected to the current sensor, and the second end of the first switch is electrically connected to the second resistor;

[0018] The first end of the second resistor is electrically connected to the first switch, and the second end of the second resistor is respectively electrically connected to the first plate of the first capacitor and the positive input end of the first amplifier;

[0019] The control end of the second switch is electrically connected to the microprocessor, one end of the second switch is electrically connected to the current sensor, and the second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the third resistor;

[0020] The first end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the second switch, and the second end of the third resistor is respectively electrically connected to the first plate of the first capacitor and the positive input end of the first amplifier;

[0021] The first plate of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor, the second end of the second resistor and the second end of the third resistor, and the second plate of the first capacitor is grounded;

[0022] The positive input end of the first amplifier is respectively electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor, the second end of the second resistor, the second end of the third resistor and the first plate of the first capacitor, and the negative input end of the first amplifier is electrically connected to the output end of the first amplifier.

[0023] Optionally, the first overcurrent comparison circuit includes a third comparator and a fourth comparator, wherein,

[0024] The positive input terminal of the third comparator is electrically connected to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor sets a first overcurrent positive upper limit value for the positive input terminal of the third comparator; the negative input terminal of the third comparator is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier and the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator respectively, and the output terminal of the third comparator is electrically connected to the switching tube circuit, the output terminal of the fourth comparator and the microprocessor respectively;

[0025] The positive input terminal of the fourth comparator is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier and the negative input terminal of the third comparator respectively, the negative input terminal of the fourth comparator is electrically connected to the fourth comparator and the microprocessor respectively, and the microprocessor sets a first overcurrent negative upper limit value for the negative input terminal of the fourth comparator; the output terminal of the fourth comparator is electrically connected to the output terminal of the third comparator, the switching tube circuit and the microprocessor respectively.

[0026] Optionally, the second variable filtering circuit includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a second capacitor, a second amplifier, a third switch and a fourth switch, wherein,

[0027] The first end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the current sensor, and the second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the first plate of the second capacitor and the positive input terminal of the second amplifier respectively;

[0028] The control terminal of the third switch is electrically connected to the microprocessor, one end of the third switch is electrically connected to the current sensor, and the second end of the third switch is electrically connected to the fifth resistor;

[0029] The first end of the fifth resistor is electrically connected to the third switch, and the second end of the fifth resistor is electrically connected to the first plate of the second capacitor and the positive input terminal of the second amplifier respectively;

[0030] The control terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the microprocessor, one end of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the current sensor, and the second end of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the sixth resistor;

[0031] The first end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the fourth switch, and the second end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the first plate of the second capacitor and the positive input terminal of the second amplifier respectively;

[0032] The first plate of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the fifth resistor and the second end of the sixth resistor, and the second plate of the second capacitor is grounded;

[0033] The positive input terminal of the second amplifier is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the fifth resistor, the second end of the sixth resistor and the first plate of the second capacitor respectively, and the negative input terminal of the second amplifier is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier.

[0034] Optionally, the second overcurrent comparison circuit includes a fifth comparator and a sixth comparator, wherein,

[0035] The positive input terminal of the fifth comparator is electrically connected to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor sets a second positive overcurrent upper limit value for the positive input terminal of the fifth comparator; the negative input terminal of the fifth comparator is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier and the positive input terminal of the sixth comparator respectively, and the output terminal of the fifth comparator is electrically connected to the switching tube circuit, the output terminal of the sixth comparator and the microprocessor respectively;

[0036] The positive input terminal of the sixth comparator is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier and the negative input terminal of the fifth comparator respectively, the negative input terminal of the sixth comparator is electrically connected to the fourth comparator and the microprocessor respectively, and the microprocessor sets a first negative overcurrent upper limit value for the negative input terminal of the fourth comparator; the output terminal of the fourth comparator is electrically connected to the output terminal of the third comparator, the switching tube circuit and the microprocessor respectively.

[0037] Optionally, the switching tube circuit includes a control switch, which is electrically connected to the driving unit to control whether the driving unit is turned off.

[0038] Optionally, the protection element is an insulated gate bipolar transistor.

[0039] Optionally, the temperature sensor is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor.

[0040] Optionally, the current sensor is a Hall sensor.

[0041] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a vehicle, including the motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection as described above.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the motor controller and the vehicle with dual adjustable overcurrent protection provided by the present invention at least achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0043] In the motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection of the present utility model, a first overcurrent comparison circuit and a second overcurrent comparison circuit are provided. The microprocessor sets two sets of current protection thresholds for the first overcurrent comparison circuit and the second overcurrent comparison circuit, thereby realizing two sets of protection mechanisms. Moreover, by setting different circuit protection thresholds through the microprocessor, different protection components can be matched to adapt to different platforms. In the motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection of the present utility model, a temperature sensor is provided in the protection component. The temperature analog signal of the protection component is collected through the temperature sensor. After the temperature analog signal is transmitted to the microprocessor, the microprocessor will change the resistance values of the first variable filter circuit and the second variable filter circuit according to the temperature signal. After the resistance value changes, the filtering frequency will change accordingly. If the temperature sensor collects that the temperature of the protection component is too high, the resistance values of the first variable filter circuit and the second variable filter circuit will be reduced, and the window time will be shortened to achieve fast overcurrent protection. If the temperature sensor collects that the temperature of the protection component is too low, the resistance values of the first variable filter circuit and the second variable filter circuit will be increased, and the window time will be increased to achieve slow overcurrent protection. Thus, feedback of fast overcurrent protection or slow overcurrent protection is made according to the high or low temperature of the protection component, and more scientific and accurate overcurrent protection is realized.

[0044] The vehicle provided by the present utility model has the same technical effects as the motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection, which will not be elaborated here.

[0045] Of course, it is not necessary for any product implementing the present utility model to achieve all the above technical effects simultaneously.

[0046] Other features and advantages of the present utility model will become clear from the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The drawings incorporated in and constituting a part of this specification illustrate embodiments of the present utility model and, together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the present utility model.

[0048] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection provided by the present utility model;

[0049] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the filtering effect of the first variable filter circuit with different cut-off frequencies on voltage;

[0050] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of forming two sets of overcurrent protection mechanisms;

[0051] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle structure provided by the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0052] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0053] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way a limitation on the present invention or its application or use.

[0054] Technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the specification.

[0055] In all the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0056] It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0057] Embodiment 1:

[0058] Combined with Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection provided by the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the filtering effect of the first variable filtering circuit with different cut-off frequencies on voltage; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of forming two sets of overcurrent protection mechanisms.

[0059] As Figure 1 shown, the motor controller 000 with dual adjustable overcurrent protection provided in this embodiment includes: a protection element 10 with a temperature sensor 20, a driving unit 90, a current sensor 30, a first variable filtering circuit 40, a first overcurrent comparison circuit 50, a second variable filtering circuit 60, a second overcurrent comparison circuit 70, a switching tube circuit 80, and a microprocessor 100.

[0060] The temperature sensor 20 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 100;

[0061] The driving unit 90 is electrically connected to the protection element 10, the microprocessor 100, and the switching tube circuit 80 respectively;

[0062] The protection element 10 is electrically connected to the driving unit 90 and the current sensor 30 respectively;

[0063] The current sensor 30 is electrically connected to the protection component 10, the first variable filtering circuit 40, and the second variable filtering circuit 60 respectively;

[0064] The first variable filtering circuit 40 is electrically connected to the current sensor 30, the first overcurrent comparison circuit 50, and the microprocessor 100 respectively;

[0065] The second variable filtering circuit 60 is respectively connected to the current sensor 30 and the second overcurrent comparison circuit 70

[0066] The first overcurrent comparison circuit 50 is electrically connected to the first variable filtering circuit 40, the switching tube circuit 80, and the microprocessor 100 respectively;

[0067] The second overcurrent comparison circuit 70 is electrically connected to the second variable filtering circuit 60, the switching tube circuit 80, and the microprocessor 100 respectively;

[0068] The switching tube circuit 80 is electrically connected to the driving unit 90, the first overcurrent comparison circuit 50, and the second overcurrent comparison circuit 70 respectively;

[0069] Among them, the current threshold of the first overcurrent comparison circuit 50 is different from the threshold of the second overcurrent comparison circuit 70.

[0070] Specifically, the protection component 10 can be an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) as the core device of the inverter circuit of the motor controller 000, which is a power device responsible for controlling the electrodes and plays a crucial role in the control of the motor. As the working current of the IGBT continuously increases, the temperature of the power component IGBT also continuously rises. The temperature sensor 20 samples the IGBT in real time. When the sampled temperature exceeds the set protection threshold, the current controller turns off the IGBT drive to prevent overheating damage.

[0071] Optionally, the temperature sensor 20 is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC), which is a thermistor whose resistance value decreases as the temperature rises. The resistance value of the NTC is very sensitive to temperature changes and can provide accurate temperature readings within a wide temperature range. Under the same conditions, the relationship between the resistance value and temperature of the NTC thermistor has good repeatability. After appropriate packaging and protection, the NTC can maintain its performance stable for a long time; due to its physical characteristics, the NTC can quickly respond to temperature changes. The temperature sensor 20 outputs an analog temperature signal, and the temperature sensor 20 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 100. The analog temperature signal is transmitted to the microprocessor 100, and the microprocessor 100 can then sense the temperature of the protection component 10.

[0072] The current sensor 30 is optionally a Hall sensor. The Hall sensor is a magnetic field sensor made based on the Hall effect, and the Hall effect is a type of magnetoelectric effect. The main function of the Hall effect sensor is to identify the phase position information of the motor winding and convert it into an electrical signal. The driver obtains the rotor position information by reading the output terminal level signal of the Hall element. The logic switch completes the correct commutation according to the rotor position information of the motor, supplies current to the corresponding winding of the motor, and forms an air-gap rotating magnetic field to make the motor run continuously. In the present utility model, the Hall sensor is installed on the protection element 10 (IGBT), and the current signal is converted into a voltage signal, and the voltage signal is respectively transmitted to the first variable filtering circuit 40 and the second variable filtering circuit 60. The first variable filtering circuit 40 and the second variable filtering circuit 60 can filter out interference signals.

[0073] The resistance values of the first variable filtering circuit 40 and the second variable filtering circuit 60 are variable. From f = 1 / 2πR, it can be seen that if the resistance R changes, then the filtering frequency changes. In the prior art, when the phase line is short-circuited or the motor is blocked, the time required to reach the same overcurrent protection value will become longer, exceeding the tolerance time of the protection element 10 (IGBT), thereby damaging the protection element 10 (IGBT). In the utility model, when the temperature sensor 20 detects that the temperature of the protection element 10 (IGBT) is too high, the microprocessor 100 controls the number of parallel resistors through the IO signals of the first switch A and the second switch B to reduce the resistance value in the first variable filtering circuit 40. Thus, the filtering frequency of the first variable filtering circuit 40 increases and the filtering effect changes. Reference can be made to Figure 2 , Figure 2 In the first figure, the Hall voltage effect at point 1 on the left side of the first resistor R1 is shown. In the second figure, the Hall voltage effect at point 2 at the first capacitor after the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 are connected in parallel is shown. In the third figure, the Hall voltage effect at point 2 after the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in parallel is shown. In the fourth figure, the Hall voltage effect at point 2 when only the first resistor R1 is present is shown. It can be clearly seen that the number of parallel resistors is different, the total resistance after parallel connection is different, and the filtering effect is also different. Similarly, the number of parallel resistors can be controlled through the IO signals of the third switch D and the fourth switch E to reduce the resistance value in the second variable filtering circuit 60. Thus, the filtering frequency of the second variable filtering circuit 60 increases and the filtering effect changes. Figure 2 Only the filtering effect of the first variable filtering circuit 40 is taken as an example for illustrative explanation, and the filtering effect of the first variable filtering circuit 60 is similar.

[0074] The present utility model sets up two sets of overcurrent protection mechanisms. Refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 where the abscissa is time and the ordinate is current. Figure 3The peak values of the current waves of the red line and the blue line in [object] are different, which are two sets of overcurrent protection mechanisms. In the motor controller 000 of the present utility model, a first overcurrent comparison circuit 50 and a second overcurrent comparison circuit 70 are provided. The microprocessor 100 sets two sets of current protection thresholds for the first overcurrent comparison circuit 50 and the second overcurrent comparison circuit 70, that is, the current threshold of the first overcurrent comparison circuit 50 is different from the threshold of the second overcurrent comparison circuit 70, so as to realize two sets of protection mechanisms. Moreover, by setting different circuit protection thresholds through the microprocessor, different protection components 10 can be matched to adapt to different platforms.

[0075] Compared with the prior art, the motor controller 000 with dual adjustable overcurrent protection in this embodiment has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0076] In the motor controller 000 with dual adjustable overcurrent protection of the present utility model, a first overcurrent comparison circuit 50 and a second overcurrent comparison circuit 70 are provided. The microprocessor 100 sets two sets of current protection thresholds for the first overcurrent comparison circuit 50 and the second overcurrent comparison circuit 70, so as to realize two sets of protection mechanisms. Moreover, by setting different circuit protection thresholds through the microprocessor, different protection components 10 can be matched to adapt to different platforms. In the protection component 10 of the motor controller 000 with dual adjustable overcurrent protection of the present utility model, a temperature sensor 20 is provided. After the temperature analog signal of the protection component 10 is collected by the temperature sensor 20 and transmitted to the microprocessor 100, the microprocessor 100 will change the resistance values of the first variable filter circuit 40 and the second variable filter circuit 60 according to the temperature signal. After the resistance values change, the filtering frequency will change accordingly. If the temperature sensor collects that the temperature of the protection component 10 is too high, the resistance values of the first variable filter circuit 40 and the second variable filter circuit 60 will be reduced, and the window time will be shortened to realize fast overcurrent protection. If the temperature sensor collects that the temperature of the protection component 10 is too low, the resistance values of the first variable filter circuit 40 and the second variable filter circuit 60 will be increased, and the window time will be increased to realize slow overcurrent protection. Thus, feedback of fast overcurrent protection or slow overcurrent protection is made according to the high or low temperature of the protection component 10, and more scientific and accurate overcurrent protection is realized.

[0077] Embodiment 2:

[0078] On the basis of Embodiment 1, this embodiment further describes the first variable filter circuit 40, the first overcurrent comparison circuit 50, the second variable filter circuit 60, the second overcurrent comparison circuit 70 and the switch tube circuit 80. Continuing to refer to Figure 1 , in this embodiment:

[0079] The first variable filter circuit 40 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first capacitor C1, a first amplifier U1, a first switch A and a second switch B, wherein:

[0080] A first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the output end of the current sensor 30 , and a second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the first plate of the first capacitor C1 and the positive input end of the first amplifier U1 , respectively;

[0081] A control end of the first switch A is electrically connected to the microprocessor 100 , one end of the first switch A is electrically connected to the current sensor 30 , and a second end of the first switch A is electrically connected to the second resistor R2 ;

[0082] A first end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the first switch A, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the first plate of the first capacitor C1 and the positive input terminal of the first amplifier U1 respectively;

[0083] A control end of the second switch B is electrically connected to the microprocessor 100 , one end of the second switch B is electrically connected to the current sensor 30 , and a second end of the second switch B is electrically connected to the third resistor R3 ;

[0084] A first end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the second switch B, and a second end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the first plate of the first capacitor C1 and the positive input terminal of the first amplifier U1 respectively;

[0085] A first plate of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, the second end of the second resistor R2, and the second end of the third resistor R3, and a second plate of the first capacitor C1 is grounded;

[0086] The positive input terminal of the first amplifier U1 is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, the second end of the second resistor R2, the second end of the third resistor R3 and the first plate of the first capacitor C1, respectively. The negative input terminal of the first amplifier U1 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier U1.

[0087] The first overcurrent comparison circuit 50 includes a third comparator U3 and a fourth comparator U4, wherein:

[0088] The positive input terminal of the third comparator U3 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 100, and the microprocessor 100 sets a first positive overcurrent upper limit value for the positive input terminal of the third comparator U3; the negative input terminal of the third comparator U3 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier U1 and the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator U4, respectively; the output terminal of the third comparator U3 is electrically connected to the gate circuit 80, the output terminal of the fourth comparator U4, and the microprocessor 100, respectively;

[0089] The positive input terminals of the fourth comparator U4 are electrically connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier U1 and the negative input terminal of the third comparator U3 respectively. The negative input terminals of the fourth comparator U4 are electrically connected to the fourth comparator U4 and the microprocessor 100 respectively. The microprocessor 100 sets a first overcurrent negative upper limit value for the negative input terminal of the fourth comparator U4. The output terminal of the fourth comparator U4 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the third comparator U3, the switching tube circuit 80 and the microprocessor 100 respectively.

[0090] The second variable filtering circuit 60 includes a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a second capacitor C2, a second amplifier U2, a third switch D and a fourth switch E. Among them,

[0091] The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the current sensor 30. The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the first plate of the second capacitor C2 and the positive input terminal of the second amplifier U2 respectively.

[0092] The control terminal of the third switch D is electrically connected to the microprocessor 100. One end of the third switch D is electrically connected to the current sensor 30. The second end of the third switch D is electrically connected to the fifth resistor R5.

[0093] The first end of the fifth resistor R5 is electrically connected to the third switch D. The second end of the fifth resistor R5 is electrically connected to the first plate of the second capacitor C2 and the positive input terminal of the second amplifier U2 respectively.

[0094] The control terminal of the fourth switch E is electrically connected to the microprocessor 100. One end of the fourth switch E is electrically connected to the current sensor 30. The second end of the fourth switch E is electrically connected to the sixth resistor R6.

[0095] The first end of the sixth resistor R6 is electrically connected to the fourth switch E. The second end of the sixth resistor R6 is electrically connected to the first plate of the second capacitor C2 and the positive input terminal of the second amplifier U2 respectively.

[0096] The first plate of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R4, the second end of the fifth resistor R5 and the second end of the sixth resistor R6. The second plate of the second capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0097] The positive input terminal of the second amplifier U2 is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R4, the second end of the fifth resistor R5, the second end of the sixth resistor R6 and the first plate of the second capacitor C2 respectively. The negative input terminal of the second amplifier U2 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier U2.

[0098] The second overcurrent comparison circuit 70 includes a fifth comparator U5 and a sixth comparator U6. Among them,

[0099] The positive input terminal of the fifth comparator U5 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 100, and the microprocessor 100 sets a second overcurrent positive upper limit value for the positive input terminal of the fifth comparator U5; the negative input terminal of the fifth comparator U5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier U2 and the positive input terminal of the sixth comparator U6 respectively, and the output terminal of the fifth comparator U5 is electrically connected to the switching tube circuit 80, the output terminal of the sixth comparator U6 and the microprocessor 100 respectively;

[0100] The positive input terminal of the sixth comparator U6 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier U2 and the negative input terminal of the fifth comparator U5 respectively, the negative input terminal of the sixth comparator U6 is electrically connected to the fourth comparator U4 and the microprocessor 100 respectively, and the microprocessor 100 sets a first overcurrent negative upper limit value for the negative input terminal of the fourth comparator U4; the output terminal of the fourth comparator U4 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the third comparator U3, the switching tube circuit 80 and the microprocessor 100 respectively.

[0101] The switching tube circuit 80 includes a control switch and is electrically connected to the driving unit 90 to control whether the driving unit 90 is turned off.

[0102] Specifically, after the current passes through the protection element 10, the current sensor 30 converts the current signal (hundred-ampere large current, sine signal) into a voltage signal (sine signal). The voltage signal passes through the first variable filter circuit 40 and the second variable filter circuit 60 respectively. Of course, before that, the microprocessor 100 controls the number of parallel resistors through the IO signals of the first switch A and the second switch B to reduce the resistance value in the first variable filter circuit 40. Thus, the filtering frequency of the first variable filter circuit 40 increases, and the charging time of the first capacitor C1 shortens, realizing fast filtering. Similarly, the microprocessor 100 controls the number of parallel resistors through the IO signals of the third switch D and the fourth switch E to reduce the resistance value in the second variable filter circuit 60. Thus, the filtering frequency of the second variable filter circuit 60 increases, and the charging time of the second capacitor C2 shortens, realizing fast filtering, and the filtering effect changes.

[0103] The filtered voltage signal passes through the first amplifier U1. The first amplifier U1 in this embodiment is a follower amplifier, that is, the voltage amplification factor is 1 after passing through the first amplifier U1. Similarly, the filtered voltage signal passes through the second amplifier U2. The second amplifier U2 in this embodiment is also a follower amplifier, that is, the voltage amplification factor is 1 after passing through the second amplifier U2.

[0104] The voltage signal after passing through the first amplifier U1 will enter the negative input terminal of the third comparator U3 and the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator U4. That is, the voltage signals input to the negative input terminal of the third comparator U3 and the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator U4 are equal. The microprocessor 100 will set the DAC value, i.e., the first overcurrent positive upper limit, to the positive input terminal of the third comparator U3. The microprocessor 100 will set multiple DAC values, i.e., the first overcurrent negative upper limit, to the negative input terminal of the fourth comparator U4. When the voltage signal input to the negative input terminal of the third comparator U3 is greater than the first overcurrent positive upper limit, the third comparator U3 will invert, and the output switch-off signal C will control the control switch in the switch-off circuit 80 to pull down the PWM signal to GND, thereby turning off the drive unit 90. When the voltage signal input to the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator U4 is lower than the first overcurrent negative upper limit, the fourth comparator U4 will invert, and the output switch-off signal C will control the control switch in the switch-off circuit 80 to pull down the PWM signal to GND, thereby quickly turning off the drive unit 90 to achieve fast-response overcurrent protection.

[0105] Similarly, the voltage signal after passing through the second amplifier U2 will enter the negative input terminal of the fifth comparator U5 and the positive input terminal of the sixth comparator U6. That is, the voltage signals input to the negative input terminal of the fifth comparator U5 and the positive input terminal of the sixth comparator U6 are equal. The microprocessor 100 will set the DAC value, i.e., the second overcurrent positive upper limit, to the positive input terminal of the fifth comparator U5. The microprocessor 100 will set multiple DAC values, i.e., the second overcurrent negative upper limit, to the negative input terminal of the sixth comparator U6. When the voltage signal input to the negative input terminal of the fifth comparator U5 is greater than the second overcurrent positive upper limit, the fifth comparator U5 will invert, and the output switch-off signal F will control the control switch in the switch-off circuit 80 to pull down the PWM signal to GND, thereby turning off the drive unit 90. When the voltage signal input to the positive input terminal of the sixth comparator U6 is lower than the second overcurrent negative upper limit, the sixth comparator U6 will invert, and the output switch-off signal F will control the control switch in the switch-off circuit 80 to pull down the PWM signal to GND, thereby quickly turning off the drive unit 90 to achieve fast-response overcurrent protection.

[0106] Optionally, the threshold of the first overcurrent comparison circuit 50 is greater than the threshold of the second overcurrent comparison circuit 70, i.e., the first overcurrent positive upper limit is greater than the second overcurrent positive upper limit, and the first overcurrent negative upper limit is greater than the second overcurrent negative upper limit. Or the threshold of the first overcurrent comparison circuit 5 is less than the threshold of the second overcurrent comparison circuit 70, i.e., the first overcurrent positive upper limit is less than the second overcurrent positive upper limit, and the first overcurrent negative upper limit is less than the second overcurrent negative upper limit. No specific limitation is made here.

[0107] Optionally, the above-mentioned turn-off signal C and turn-off signal F are also transmitted to the microprocessor 100, and the microprocessor 100 can correspondingly perform other actions, such as issuing a warning, etc., which are not specifically limited here.

[0108] The microprocessor 100 sets two sets of current protection thresholds for the first overcurrent comparison circuit 50 and the second overcurrent comparison circuit 70, thereby implementing two sets of protection mechanisms. Moreover, by setting different circuit protection thresholds through the microprocessor, different protection components 10 can be matched to adapt to different platforms.

[0109] Embodiment 3:

[0110] Combined with Figure 4 , Figure 4 is a vehicle, including the motor controller 000 with dual adjustable overcurrent protection in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, having the same technical effects as those in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, which will not be elaborated here.

[0111] Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration and not for limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments can be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection, characterized in that, Comprising: A protection element with a temperature sensor, a driving unit, a current sensor, a first variable filtering circuit, a first overcurrent comparison circuit, a second variable filtering circuit, a second overcurrent comparison circuit, a switching tube circuit, and a microprocessor, wherein, The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the microprocessor; The driving unit is electrically connected to the protection element, the microprocessor, and the switching tube circuit respectively; The protection element is electrically connected to the driving unit and the current sensor respectively; The current sensor is electrically connected to the protection element, the first variable filtering circuit, and the second variable filtering circuit respectively; The first variable filtering circuit is electrically connected to the current sensor, the first overcurrent comparison circuit, and the microprocessor respectively; The second variable filtering circuit is electrically connected to the current sensor and the second overcurrent comparison circuit respectively; The first overcurrent comparison circuit is electrically connected to the first variable filtering circuit, the switching tube circuit, and the microprocessor respectively; The second overcurrent comparison circuit is electrically connected to the second variable filtering circuit, the switching tube circuit, and the microprocessor respectively; The switching tube circuit is electrically connected to the driving unit, the first overcurrent comparison circuit, and the second overcurrent comparison circuit respectively; Wherein, the current threshold of the first overcurrent comparison circuit is different from that of the second overcurrent comparison circuit.

2. The motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first variable filtering circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first capacitor, a first amplifier, a first switch, and a second switch, wherein, The first end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the output end of the current sensor, and the second end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the first plate of the first capacitor and the positive input terminal of the first amplifier respectively; The control terminal of the first switch is electrically connected to the microprocessor, one end of the first switch is electrically connected to the current sensor, and the second end of the first switch is electrically connected to the second resistor; The first end of the second resistor is electrically connected to the first switch, and the second end of the second resistor is electrically connected to the first plate of the first capacitor and the positive input terminal of the first amplifier respectively; The control terminal of the second switch is electrically connected to the microprocessor, one end of the second switch is electrically connected to the current sensor, and the second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the third resistor; The first end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the second switch, and the second end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the first plate of the first capacitor and the positive input terminal of the first amplifier respectively; The first plate of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor, the second end of the second resistor, and the second end of the third resistor, and the second plate of the first capacitor is grounded; The positive input terminal of the first amplifier is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor, the second end of the second resistor, the second end of the third resistor, and the first plate of the first capacitor respectively, and the negative input terminal of the first amplifier is electrically connected to the output end of the first amplifier.

3. The motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection according to claim 2, wherein The first overcurrent comparison circuit includes a third comparator and a fourth comparator, wherein, The positive input terminal of the third comparator is electrically connected to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor sets a first overcurrent positive upper limit value for the positive input terminal of the third comparator; the negative input terminal of the third comparator is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier and the positive input terminal of the fourth comparator respectively, and the output terminal of the third comparator is electrically connected to the switching tube circuit, the output terminal of the fourth comparator and the microprocessor respectively; The positive input terminal of the fourth comparator is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier and the negative input terminal of the third comparator respectively, the negative input terminal of the fourth comparator is electrically connected to the fourth comparator and the microprocessor respectively, and the microprocessor sets a first overcurrent negative upper limit value for the negative input terminal of the fourth comparator; the output terminal of the fourth comparator is electrically connected to the output terminal of the third comparator, the switching tube circuit and the microprocessor respectively.

4. The motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second variable filtering circuit includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a second capacitor, a second amplifier, a third switch and a fourth switch, wherein, The first end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the current sensor, and the second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the first plate of the second capacitor and the positive input terminal of the second amplifier respectively; The control terminal of the third switch is electrically connected to the microprocessor, one end of the third switch is electrically connected to the current sensor, and the second end of the third switch is electrically connected to the fifth resistor; The first end of the fifth resistor is electrically connected to the third switch, and the second end of the fifth resistor is electrically connected to the first plate of the second capacitor and the positive input terminal of the second amplifier respectively; The control terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the microprocessor, one end of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the current sensor, and the second end of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the sixth resistor; The first end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the fourth switch, and the second end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the first plate of the second capacitor and the positive input terminal of the second amplifier respectively; The first plate of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the fifth resistor and the second end of the sixth resistor, and the second plate of the second capacitor is grounded; The positive input terminal of the second amplifier is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the fifth resistor, the second end of the sixth resistor and the first plate of the second capacitor respectively, and the negative input terminal of the second amplifier is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier.

5. The motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second overcurrent comparison circuit includes a fifth comparator and a sixth comparator, wherein, The positive input terminal of the fifth comparator is electrically connected to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor sets a second overcurrent positive upper limit value for the positive input terminal of the fifth comparator; the negative input terminal of the fifth comparator is electrically connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier and the positive input terminal of the sixth comparator respectively, and the output terminal of the fifth comparator is electrically connected to the switching tube circuit, the output terminal of the sixth comparator and the microprocessor respectively; The positive input terminals of the sixth comparator are respectively electrically connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier and the negative input terminal of the fifth comparator. The negative input terminals of the sixth comparator are respectively electrically connected to the fourth comparator and the microprocessor, and the microprocessor sets a first overcurrent negative upper limit value for the negative input terminal of the fourth comparator. The output terminal of the fourth comparator is respectively electrically connected to the output terminal of the third comparator, the switching tube circuit, and the microprocessor.

6. The motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching tube circuit includes a control switch, which is electrically connected to the driving unit and controls whether the driving unit is turned off.

7. The motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection according to claim 1, wherein The protection element is an insulated gate bipolar transistor.

8. The motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection according to claim 1, wherein The temperature sensor is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor.

9. The motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current sensor is a Hall sensor.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the motor controller with dual adjustable overcurrent protection according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images