Double-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage heat management system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage heat management system which comprises a compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage device, an electric heating belt, a first one-way valve, a refrigerant pump, a first throttling mechanism, an electromagnetic valve, a cold plate, a second throttling mechanism and a second one-way valve. The compressor, the condenser, the liquid storage device, the first one-way valve, the first throttling mechanism, the cold plate and the second throttling mechanism are connected in series through pipelines to form a closed-loop pipe string, the electric heating belt is arranged on the outer side of a shell of the liquid storage device, and the refrigerant pump is connected to the two ends of the first one-way valve in parallel through pipelines. The electromagnetic valve is connected to the two ends of the first throttling mechanism in parallel through a pipeline, and the second one-way valve is connected to the two ends of the compressor in parallel through a pipeline. The thermal management system has four working modes for selection, is suitable for different requirements, and has the characteristic of obvious energy-saving effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage thermal management, in particular to a double-throttling direct-cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system. Background Art

[0002] The structure of existing thermal management system, such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, it is mainly divided into two modes: mechanical refrigeration and natural cooling.

[0003] The operating process of the mechanical refrigeration mode is as follows: the refrigerant passes through the compressor 1 and becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas, enters the condenser 3, exchanges heat with the outdoor air under the action of the condensing fan 4, and becomes a high-pressure and medium-temperature liquid refrigerant. It passes through the drying filter 7 and enters the first throttling mechanism 10 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant. It enters the plate heat exchanger 18 to exchange heat with the coolant coming out of the cold plate 13 on the battery cluster side to reduce the coolant temperature. After absorbing the heat of the coolant, the refrigerant undergoes a phase change and becomes a refrigerant vapor with a certain degree of superheat. It is sucked into the compressor 1 to complete a refrigeration cycle; the circulating pump 19 draws the coolant in the cold plate 13, enters the plate heat exchanger 18 for heat exchange and cooling, and then passes through the heater 20 to enter the cold plate 13 to exchange heat with the battery cluster, completing the single-phase heat exchange cycle on the coolant side.

[0004] The natural cooling mode operates as follows: the circulating pump 19 draws the coolant from the cold plate 13, which then enters the natural cooling radiator 17 through the three-way valve 21. The condensing fan 4 accelerates the temperature difference heat exchange with the outside air. The cooled coolant then returns to the cold plate 13 through the heater 20 to exchange heat with the battery cluster, completing the single-phase heat exchange cycle on the coolant side.

[0005] The refill pump 22, refill tank 23, and expansion tank 24 are all components added to ensure that there is sufficient brine inside the brine side. The automatic exhaust valve 25 is added to exhaust the air in the pipeline when adding brine. The addition of these components cannot ensure the complete sealing of the system and increases the risk of failure and leakage. There is a risk of brine leakage, and brine will evaporate in a non-completely sealed pipeline. Regular maintenance of the brine side is required;

[0006] In the above thermal management system, the following problems mainly exist:

[0007] 1. The liquid cooling system needs to undergo two heat exchanges (refrigerant-coolant, coolant-battery cluster), resulting in low heat exchange efficiency and high water pump power consumption, which is not conducive to energy-saving operation;

[0008] 2. Since the refrigerant is a single-phase heat exchanger, it can only rely on temperature difference to exchange heat. The heat exchange performance can only be met when the ambient temperature drops to a very low level (usually below 0°C). In winter, the time for natural cooling is relatively short, and the energy saving rate is low.

[0009] 3. The refrigerant side pipeline is complex, with many connecting parts, low reliability, and the pipeline is not completely sealed. There is a high risk of refrigerant leakage and it is easy to evaporate, requiring regular maintenance. Utility Model Content

[0010] To this end, the present invention provides a dual-throttling direct-cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system to solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems.

[0011] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0012] A dual-throttling direct cooling and heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system includes a compressor, a condenser, a liquid reservoir, an electric heating belt, a first one-way valve, a refrigerant pump, a first throttling mechanism, a solenoid valve, a cold plate, a second throttling mechanism, and a second one-way valve. The compressor, condenser, liquid reservoir, first one-way valve, first throttling mechanism, cold plate, and second throttling mechanism are connected in series through pipelines to form a closed-loop pipe string. The electric heating belt is arranged on the outside of the shell of the liquid reservoir (such as the electric heating belt is wrapped or tied around the outside of the shell of the liquid reservoir). The refrigerant pump is connected to both ends of the first one-way valve through pipelines. The solenoid valve is connected to both ends of the first throttling mechanism through pipelines. The second one-way valve is connected to both ends of the compressor through pipelines.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, four modes of operation, namely mechanical refrigeration, heat pipe refrigeration, mixed refrigeration and low-temperature heating, can be operated. According to different needs, the corresponding mode is adopted, which has a good energy-saving effect.

[0014] Furthermore, the dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system also includes an oil separator, the outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the oil separator through a pipeline, the outlet of the oil separator is connected to the inlet of the condenser through a pipeline, and the oil outlet of the oil separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline; wherein, the outlet of the second one-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the oil separator and the condenser through a pipeline.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the lubricating oil in the high-pressure steam discharged from the compressor can be separated to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the system.

[0016] Furthermore, the dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system also includes a condensing fan, which is arranged on the side of the condenser.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the flow rate of the outside air on the surface of the condenser is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency between the condenser and the outside air is improved.

[0018] Furthermore, the dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system further includes a drying filter, which is connected in series to the pipeline after the liquid reservoir and before the first one-way valve and the refrigerant pump.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the moisture in the refrigerant can be separated, the purity of the refrigerant can be improved, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

[0020] Furthermore, the dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system also includes a liquid separator, the inlet of the liquid separator is connected to the outlet of the first throttling mechanism and the solenoid valve through a pipeline, and the outlet of the liquid separator is connected to different cold plates through pipelines.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the refrigerant flowing into each cold plate can be evenly distributed.

[0022] The utility model has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. In the summer when the temperature is high and cooling is required, a mechanical refrigeration cycle is used. The refrigerant after cooling directly enters the cold plate to cool the battery. Compared with the conventional indirect refrigeration system using a refrigerant, this system reduces heat exchange once, is more energy-efficient, and has higher efficiency.

[0024] 2. The dual-throttling refrigerant control method is adopted to more accurately control the superheat of the refrigerant at the cold plate outlet, making the cold plate a two-phase heat transfer process, eliminating the refrigerant overheating zone in the cold plate, thereby effectively reducing the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery. The temperature distribution of the battery is more uniform, the evaporation temperature can be further increased, and energy saving is more achieved, while ensuring the superheat requirement at the compressor inlet;

[0025] 3. When cooling is needed in winter when the outdoor temperature is low, a heat pipe refrigeration cycle is used to fully utilize the natural cold source. At this time, the compressor does not work, and only the cooling fan and refrigerant pump work. The natural cold source and the refrigerant undergo phase change heat exchange, which is more efficient and energy-saving than water-based or other non-phase change refrigerants.

[0026] 4. In spring, autumn, or winter, a hybrid cooling mode is used. The compressor runs at a low frequency, the refrigerant pump runs, and the refrigerant after cooling directly enters the cold plate to cool the battery.

[0027] 5. In winter, when the temperature is low and the battery is not in a heating state, the electric heating belt is only needed to heat the liquid reservoir to maintain the activity of the battery. At this time, the refrigerant pump operates in a low-speed cycle, and the heated refrigerant enters the cold plate for phase change heat transfer to heat the battery. Because the capacity of the heated refrigerant is much smaller than that of water-based or other non-phase change refrigerants, it consumes less power and is more efficient than the traditional electric heating cycle;

[0028] 6. The refrigerant-side pipeline, circulation pump, plate heat exchanger, make-up pump, make-up tank and other components in the prior art have been removed, simplifying the complex pipeline arrangement; the refrigerant directly enters the cold plate on the energy storage battery cluster side to directly cool the battery surface, with only one heat exchange (refrigerant-battery cluster); the entire refrigeration pipeline is completely sealed (no automatic exhaust valve, make-up tank), with no risk of leakage and no need for regular maintenance; because the refrigerant enters the cold plate directly, the evaporation temperature can be increased and the compressor cooling efficiency is further improved; when the ambient temperature is low (usually below 15°C), the compressor does not run and directly operates in heat pipe mode to cool the battery. At the same time, the heat exchange efficiency of the refrigerant in heat pipe mode is higher than that of single-phase temperature difference heat exchange, which can increase the operating time of natural cold sources throughout the year and reduce the operating time of the compressor, with significant energy-saving effects.

[0029] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present application will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can, without inventive effort, derive other implementation drawings based on the provided drawings.

[0031] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are intended solely to complement the contents disclosed herein and to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the art. They are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention may be implemented and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments in size, provided they do not affect the efficacy and objectives of the present invention, shall remain within the scope of the technical contents disclosed herein.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a general structural block diagram of a dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of a dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system in mechanical refrigeration mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a dual-throttling direct-cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system in heat pipe cooling mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system in a hybrid cooling mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system in low-temperature heating mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of an existing thermal management system provided in the background technology.

[0038] In the figure: 1. Compressor; 2. Oil separator; 3. Condenser; 4. Condensing fan; 5. Liquid receiver; 6. Electric heating belt; 7. Dry filter; 8. First one-way valve; 9. Refrigerant pump; 10. First throttling mechanism; 11. Solenoid valve; 12. Liquid distributor; 13. Cold plate; 14. Second throttling mechanism; 15. Second one-way valve; 17. Natural cooling radiator; 18. Plate heat exchanger; 19. Circulation pump; 20. Heater; 21. Three-way valve; 22. Liquid replenishing pump; 23. Liquid replenishing tank; 24. Expansion tank; 25. Exhaust valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

[0040] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system, which can operate in the following four modes as needed during operation: mechanical cooling mode, heat pipe cooling mode, mixed cooling mode, and low-temperature heating mode.

[0041] The dual-throttling direct cooling and heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system includes a compressor 1, a condenser 3, a liquid reservoir 5, an electric heating belt 6, a first one-way valve 8, a refrigerant pump 9, a first throttling mechanism 10, a solenoid valve 11, a cold plate 13, a second throttling mechanism 14, and a second one-way valve 15. The compressor 1, the condenser 3, the liquid reservoir 5, the first one-way valve 8, the first throttling mechanism 10, the cold plate 13, and the second throttling mechanism 14 are connected in series through pipelines to form a closed-loop pipe string. The electric heating belt 6 is arranged on the outside of the shell of the liquid reservoir 5 (such as the electric heating belt 6 is wrapped or tied to the outside of the shell of the liquid reservoir 5). The refrigerant pump 9 is connected to both ends of the first one-way valve 8 through a pipeline. The solenoid valve 11 is connected to both ends of the first throttling mechanism 10 through a pipeline. The second one-way valve 15 is connected to both ends of the compressor 1 through a pipeline.

[0042] The dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system also includes an oil separator 2. The outlet of the compressor 1 is connected to the inlet of the oil separator 2 through a pipeline, the outlet of the oil separator 2 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 3 through a pipeline, and the oil outlet of the oil separator 2 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 1 through a pipeline; wherein, the outlet of the second one-way valve 15 is connected to the pipeline between the oil separator 2 and the condenser 3 through a pipeline.

[0043] The dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system further includes a condensing fan 4 , which is arranged on the side of the condenser 3 .

[0044] The dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system further includes a drying filter 7 , which is connected in series to the pipeline after the liquid reservoir 5 and before the first one-way valve 8 and the refrigerant pump 9 .

[0045] The dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system also includes a liquid separator 12, the inlet of the liquid separator 12 is connected to the outlet of the first throttling mechanism 10 and the solenoid valve 11 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the liquid separator 12 is connected to different cold plates 13 through pipelines.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the thermal management system in the mechanical refrigeration mode is mainly composed of a compressor 1, an oil separator 2, a condenser 3, a condensing fan 4, a liquid reservoir 5, a drying filter 7, a first one-way valve 8, a first throttling mechanism 10, a liquid separator 12, a cold plate 13, a second throttling mechanism 14 and pipes connecting them.

[0047] In mechanical refrigeration mode, the refrigerant pump 9 and the solenoid valve 11 are both closed. The operating process is as follows: low-pressure superheated refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor 1, passes through the oil separator 2 (the function of the oil separator 2 is to separate the lubricating oil from the high-pressure steam discharged from the refrigeration compressor 1 to ensure safe and efficient operation of the device; the lubricating oil separated by the oil separator 2 and remaining in the oil separator 2 enters the compressor suction pipe through the oil outlet pipe and returns to the compressor 1) and enters the condenser 3. Through the condensing fan 4, heat is exchanged with the outside air, and the refrigerant becomes liquid. After passing through the liquid reservoir 5, the drying filter 7, and the first one-way valve 8, it enters the first throttling mechanism 10 for throttling and pressure reduction, enters the liquid separator 12 and is evenly distributed to each cold plate 13 for heat absorption and evaporation, and after heat exchange with the battery cluster, it becomes gaseous refrigerant, enters the second throttling mechanism 14 to heat up and become superheated vapor, and returns to the compressor 1, completing a mechanical refrigeration cycle.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the thermal management system in the heat pipe cooling mode is mainly composed of a condenser 3, a condensing fan 4, a liquid reservoir 5, a drying filter 7, a refrigerant pump 9, a solenoid valve 11, a liquid separator 12, a cold plate 13, a second one-way valve 15 and pipes connecting them.

[0049] In heat pipe cooling mode, compressor 1, first throttle mechanism 10, and second throttle mechanism 14 are closed. The operating process is as follows: liquid refrigerant is sucked into refrigerant pump 9, passes through solenoid valve 11, enters liquid distributor 12, and is evenly distributed to each cold plate 13 for heat absorption and evaporation. After heat exchange with the battery cluster, it becomes gaseous refrigerant. After passing through second one-way valve 15, it enters condenser 3. After heat exchange with the outside air through condensing fan 4, the refrigerant becomes liquid and enters liquid reservoir 5. After passing through filter drier 7, it is again sucked into refrigerant pump 9, completing one heat pipe cooling cycle.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the thermal management system in the hybrid refrigeration mode is mainly composed of a compressor 1, an oil separator 2, a condenser 3, a condensing fan 4, a liquid reservoir 5, a drying filter 7, a refrigerant pump 9, a first throttling mechanism 10, a liquid separator 12, a cold plate 13, a second throttling mechanism 14 and pipes connected therebetween.

[0051] In the mixed cooling mode, the solenoid valve 11 is closed, and the compressor 1 and the refrigerant pump 9 are turned on. At this time, the compressor 1 is at the lowest frequency. After reaching the set temperature, the compressor 1 stops, and the refrigerant pump 9 keeps running. When the temperature is higher than the set value, the compressor 1 is turned on again to run at a low frequency. The operation process is as follows: the low-pressure superheated refrigerant vapor is sucked into the compressor 1, passes through the oil separator 2 and enters the condenser 3. It exchanges heat with the outside air through the condensing fan 4, and the refrigerant becomes liquid. After passing through the liquid reservoir 5 and the drying filter 7, it is sucked into the refrigerant pump 9, enters the first throttling mechanism 10 for throttling and pressure reduction, enters the liquid distributor 12 and is evenly distributed to each cold plate 13 for heat absorption and evaporation. After heat exchange with the battery cluster, it becomes a gaseous refrigerant, passes through the throttling mechanism 14 and becomes superheated vapor and returns to the compressor 1, completing a mixed cooling cycle.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the thermal management system in the low-temperature heating mode mainly consists of a condenser 3, a liquid reservoir 5, an electric heating belt 6, a drying filter 7, a refrigerant pump 9, a solenoid valve 11, a liquid separator 12, a cold plate 13, a second one-way valve 15 and pipes connecting them.

[0053] In low-temperature heating mode, the compressor 1 and condensing fan 4 are off, while the solenoid valve 11, refrigerant pump 9, and electric heating belt 6 are on. The operating process is as follows: the refrigerant in the liquid reservoir 5 is heated to the set temperature by the electric heating belt 6, passes through the filter drier 7, is drawn into the refrigerant pump 9, passes through the solenoid valve 11, enters the liquid distributor 12, and is evenly distributed to each cold plate 13. After heat exchange with the battery cluster, the battery cluster is heated to the required temperature. After the cooled refrigerant exits the cold plate 13, it passes through the second one-way valve 15, enters the condenser 3, and then returns to the liquid reservoir 5, completing a low-temperature heating cycle.

[0054] In the description of this specification, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0055] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0056] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "installed," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0057] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0058] The disclosure above provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and settings of specific examples are described above. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, the present application may repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0059] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and such modifications or substitutions should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a compressor (1), a condenser (3), a liquid accumulator (5), an electric heating belt (6), a first one-way valve (8), a refrigerant pump (9), a first throttling mechanism (10), a solenoid valve (11), a cold plate (13), a second throttling mechanism (14) and a second one-way valve (15). The compressor (1), the condenser (3), the liquid accumulator (5), the first one-way valve (8), the first throttling mechanism (10), the cold plate (13) and the second throttling mechanism (14) are connected in series to form a closed-loop pipe series through a pipeline. The electric heating belt (6) is arranged outside the shell of the liquid accumulator (5). The refrigerant pump (9) is connected to both ends of the first one-way valve (8) through a pipeline. The solenoid valve (11) is connected to both ends of the first throttling mechanism (10) through a pipeline. The second one-way valve (15) is connected to both ends of the compressor (1) through a pipeline.

2. The dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an oil separator (2), the outlet of the compressor (1) is connected to the inlet of the oil separator (2) through a pipeline, the outlet of the oil separator (2) is connected to the inlet of the condenser (3) through a pipeline, and the oil outlet of the oil separator (2) is connected to the inlet of the compressor through a pipeline; wherein the outlet of the second one-way valve (15) is connected to the pipeline between the oil separator (2) and the condenser (3) through a pipeline.

3. The dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a condensing fan (4), which is arranged on the side of the condenser (3).

4. The dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a drying filter (7), which is connected in series to the pipeline after the liquid accumulator (5) and before the first one-way valve (8) and the refrigerant pump (9).

5. The dual-throttling direct cooling heat pipe type energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a liquid separator (12), the inlet of the liquid separator (12) is connected to the first throttling mechanism (10) and the outlet of the solenoid valve (11) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the liquid separator (12) is connected to different cold plates (13) through pipelines.

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