Lathe spindle capable of realizing position feedback

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lathe spindle capable of realizing position feedback, which comprises a pull rod and is characterized in that a spindle air pipe is arranged in the pull rod, a spindle water pipe is arranged in the spindle air pipe, an inner cavity of the spindle water pipe is a water passing cavity, and an interlayer between the spindle water pipe and the spindle air pipe is a ventilation cavity. A supporting ring is arranged between the inner wall of the main shaft air pipe and the inner wall of the pull rod, one end of the main shaft air pipe and one end of the main shaft water pipe are communicated with a clamp arranged at the end of the pull rod, and the other end of the main shaft air pipe and the other end of the main shaft water pipe are communicated with a rotary connector. The outer wall of the oil cylinder body is rotationally connected with the shell through a bearing, a water receiving box is arranged on the shell, and a detection switch is arranged on the top of the water receiving box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of machining, in particular to a lathe spindle capable of realizing position feedback. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of high-speed and high-quality machine tool industry and the increasing demand of customers for complex parts processing, the requirements for the quality, efficiency and maintenance of machine tool parts are getting higher and higher. Therefore, the application of automated processing in unmanned production lines is becoming more and more common.

[0003] During the automated processing, the following requirements are placed on the spindle structure, chuck cylinder, and tie rod:

[0004] 1) During unmanned automated machining, the workpiece clamping stroke must be inspected and confirmed. This is achieved by detecting the axial displacement of the cylinder piston and spindle rod. The challenge in this process is ensuring that the hollow chuck rod rotates at high speed inside the spindle while transmitting its axial displacement to the outside for position detection.

[0005] 2) It is necessary to confirm the reliability of the position of the automatically loaded and unloaded workpiece on the fixture. In order to achieve the above purpose, it is necessary to perform an airtightness test between the air circuit and the fixture, that is, to transport gas from the rear end of the chuck cylinder to the front end of the fixture at the center of the lathe spindle.

[0006] 3) When machining workpieces, CNC lathes have very high requirements for workpiece surface quality, tool life, machining efficiency, and cycle time. When machining the inner hole of a part, such as the inner wall groove and the inner hole surface, chip removal from the inner hole is not very convenient. The tool is often entangled by long, curled chips or stuck by fine chips. In severe cases, the workpiece may be dragged down, scratching the workpiece surface accuracy, forcing the workpiece to get stuck, and damaging the tool. At this time, it is urgent to remove the chips from the inner hole in a timely and efficient manner. Therefore, the spindle of the CNC lathe is required to have the function of high-pressure water discharge from the center, using high-pressure water to remove chips in a timely and efficient manner. At the same time, the high-pressure water can also cool the workpiece.

[0007] Because the above three requirements are crucial for automated machining, existing CNC lathes must simultaneously possess these functions. However, current CNC lathes can only implement a composite design of gas and liquid passages on the spindle, and they also require separate hoses for gas and liquid transportation. These hoses not only take up valuable space, but more importantly, they affect the dynamic balance of the spindle, thereby affecting the spindle speed.

[0008] Therefore, a method or device that can solve the above problems is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The utility model aims to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and proposes a lathe spindle with a simple structure, ingenious design, reasonable layout, compact overall structure, which can perform ventilation and water flow operations at the same time and can also perform position feedback.

[0010] The technical solution of the present utility model is: a lathe spindle capable of realizing position feedback, comprising a pull rod 1, characterized in that: a spindle air pipe 2 is provided in the pull rod 1, a spindle water pipe 3 is provided in the spindle air pipe 2, the inner cavity of the spindle water pipe 3 is a water passage cavity, the interlayer between the spindle water pipe 3 and the spindle air pipe 2 is a ventilation cavity, a support ring 4 is provided between the spindle air pipe 2 and the inner wall of the pull rod 1, one end of the spindle air pipe 2 and the spindle water pipe 3 is connected to a clamp 5 provided at the end of the pull rod 1, and the other end is connected to a rotary joint 6,

[0011] The outer rotatable sleeve of the pull rod 1 is provided with a cylinder body 7, and a piston body 8 is provided in the inner cavity of the cylinder body 7. One end of the piston body 8 is connected to the pull rod 1, and the other end is connected to the induction flange 9. The outer wall of the cylinder body 7 is rotatably connected to the shell 10 through a bearing. A water receiving box 11 is provided on the shell 10, and a detection switch 12 is provided on the top of the water receiving box 11.

[0012] A rotary joint fixing block 13 is provided at the end of the shell 10, and the inner wall of the rotary joint fixing block 13 is rotatably connected to the rotary joint 6 through a bearing. A first air pipe 14 and a first water pipe 15 are provided in the rotary joint fixing block 13, and the outlet end of the first water pipe 15 is distributed along the central axis of the pull rod 1. A second air pipe 16 and a second water pipe 17 are provided in the rotary joint 6, wherein one end of the second water pipe 17 is connected to the first water pipe 15, and the other end is connected to a transition water cavity 18 provided at the end of the rotary joint 6, one end of the spindle water pipe 3 is connected to the transition water cavity 18, and one end of the second air pipe 16 is connected to the annular groove 19, which is provided on the end face of the rotary joint 6 facing the rotary joint fixing block 13, and the outlet end of the first air pipe 14 corresponds to the annular groove 19.

[0013] The second air pipe 16 consists of an axial air path 20 and a radial air path 21 that are interconnected and vertically distributed. The end of the axial air path 20 is connected to the annular groove 19, while the end of the radial air path 21 is connected to the ventilation cavity. A pair of sealing rings 22 are provided between the spindle air pipe 2 and the inner wall of the rotary joint 6. A pair of sealing rings 22 are also provided between the spindle water pipe 3 and the inner wall of the rotary joint 6.

[0014] The end of the piston body 8 is connected to an induction flange 9, which is provided with three arc-shaped grooves 24 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. One end of the rotary joint 6 is provided with three connecting parts 25 respectively matching the above-mentioned arc-shaped grooves 24. The connecting parts 25 pass through the arc-shaped grooves 24 and are connected to the end of the piston body 8.

[0015] The induction flange 9 matches the detection switch 12 .

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] This lathe spindle with position feedback has a simple structure, ingenious design, and reasonable layout. It addresses the three requirements of water supply, ventilation, and position feedback in traditional lathe spindles. A special structure is designed. A set of air / water pipe sleeves is set within the spindle. The inner cavity of the water pipe serves as the water passage cavity, and the interlayer between the air pipe and the water pipe serves as the ventilation cavity. This design eliminates the need for various pipelines, and the air pipe and water pipe can easily remain coaxial with the spindle without affecting the spindle's rotation. The spindle also has a matching set of sensing flanges and detection switches. The sensing flanges can move axially with the spindle, and the detection switch can indirectly detect the position and status of the spindle through the sensing flanges. This structure integrates ventilation, water supply, and position detection functions in a compact overall structure, is low-cost, and is simple and convenient to manufacture. Therefore, it can be said that it has multiple advantages and is particularly suitable for promotion and application in this field, with a very broad market prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of .

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of .

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotary joint part in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the induction flange part in the embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 5As shown: A lathe spindle capable of realizing position feedback comprises a drawbar 1, a spindle air pipe 2 is arranged inside the drawbar 1, a spindle water pipe 3 is arranged inside the spindle air pipe 2, the inner cavity of the spindle water pipe 3 is a water passage cavity, the interlayer between the spindle water pipe 3 and the spindle air pipe 2 is a ventilation cavity, a support ring 4 is arranged between the spindle air pipe 2 and the inner wall of the drawbar 1, one end of the spindle air pipe 2 and the spindle water pipe 3 is connected to a clamp 5 arranged at the end of the drawbar 1, and the other end is connected to a rotary joint 6,

[0024] The outer rotatable sleeve of the pull rod 1 is provided with a cylinder body 7, and a piston body 8 is provided in the inner cavity of the cylinder body 7. One end of the piston body 8 is connected to the pull rod 1, and the other end is connected to the induction flange 9. The outer wall of the cylinder body 7 is rotatably connected to the shell 10 through a bearing. A water receiving box 11 is provided on the shell 10, and a detection switch 12 is provided on the top of the water receiving box 11.

[0025] A rotary joint fixing block 13 is provided at the end of the shell 10, and the inner wall of the rotary joint fixing block 13 is rotatably connected to the rotary joint 6 through a bearing. A first air pipe 14 and a first water pipe 15 are provided in the rotary joint fixing block 13, and the outlet end of the first water pipe 15 is distributed along the central axis of the pull rod 1. A second air pipe 16 and a second water pipe 17 are provided in the rotary joint 6, wherein one end of the second water pipe 17 is connected to the first water pipe 15, and the other end is connected to a transition water cavity 18 provided at the end of the rotary joint 6, one end of the spindle water pipe 3 is connected to the transition water cavity 18, and one end of the second air pipe 16 is connected to the annular groove 19, which is provided on the end face of the rotary joint 6 facing the rotary joint fixing block 13, and the outlet end of the first air pipe 14 corresponds to the annular groove 19.

[0026] The second air pipe 16 consists of an axial air path 20 and a radial air path 21 that are interconnected and vertically distributed. The end of the axial air path 20 is connected to the annular groove 19, while the end of the radial air path 21 is connected to the ventilation cavity. A pair of sealing rings 22 are provided between the spindle air pipe 2 and the inner wall of the rotary joint 6. A pair of sealing rings 22 are also provided between the spindle water pipe 3 and the inner wall of the rotary joint 6.

[0027] The end of the piston body 8 is connected to an induction flange 9, which is provided with three arc-shaped grooves 24 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. One end of the rotary joint 6 is provided with three connecting parts 25 respectively matching the above-mentioned arc-shaped grooves 24. The connecting parts 25 pass through the arc-shaped grooves 24 and are connected to the end of the piston body 8.

[0028] The induction flange 9 matches the detection switch 12 .

[0029] The working process of the lathe spindle capable of realizing position feedback of the embodiment of the present utility model is as follows: When the lathe spindle is working, the water system is connected to the first water pipe 15 of the rotary joint fixing block 13, and the gas system is connected to the second water pipe 17 of the rotary joint fixing block 13.

[0030] After entering the first water pipe 15, the water enters the transition water chamber 18 through the second water pipe 17, and finally enters the spindle water pipe 3, flows along the water passage cavity, and is finally ejected through the opening at the other end of the spindle water pipe 3, achieving the functions of chip flushing and cooling. Since the outlet section of the first water pipe 15 and the second water pipe 17 are coaxial with the pull rod 1, even if the rotary joint 6 rotates relative to the rotary joint fixing block 13, the water in the first water pipe 15 can still enter the second water pipe 17 through the transition water chamber 18;

[0031] After the gas enters the first air pipe 14, it will first enter the annular groove 19. Since the port of the axial air path 20 in the second air pipe 16 is connected to the annular groove 19, even if the rotary joint 16 rotates relative to the rotary joint fixing block 13, the second air pipe 16 will always remain connected to the annular groove 19, thereby ensuring the gas path connection in the rotating state; after the gas enters the second air pipe 16, it enters the ventilation cavity through the outlet end of the radial air path 21. If the fixture 5 is in a normal installation state, the end face of the fixture 5 will be sealed at the end of the ventilation cavity, and the pressure in the ventilation cavity should be a standard constant value. Once the pressure gauge in the air path system detects that the pressure in the ventilation cavity has changed significantly, or has not reached the preset constant value, it means that the fixture 5 is in an abnormal state at this time, and a warning message will be issued through the early warning device on the CNC lathe to remind the user to check and eliminate the fault in time;

[0032] When the pull rod 1 needs to move axially to achieve connection or disconnection with the clamp 5, the control system sends a signal to the oil circuit system matching the cylinder body 7, and the oil circuit system injects hydraulic oil into the inner cavity of the cylinder body 7 to drive the piston body 8 to move. The movement of the piston body 8 will drive the pull rod 1 to move axially, thereby realizing the movement between the pull rod 1 and the clamp 5; when the pull rod 1 undergoes axial displacement, the induction flange 9 connected to the end of the piston body 8 also moves accordingly. When the detection switch 12 can detect the induction flange 9, it means that the pull rod 1 is in state one. When the detection switch 12 cannot detect the induction flange 9, it means that the pull rod 1 is in state two. In this way, the working state of the pull rod 1 can be detected in real time.

Claims

1. A lathe spindle capable of realizing position feedback, comprising a pull rod (1), characterized in that: A spindle air pipe (2) is provided in the pull rod (1), a spindle water pipe (3) is provided in the spindle air pipe (2), the inner cavity of the spindle water pipe (3) is a water cavity, the interlayer between the spindle water pipe (3) and the spindle air pipe (2) is a ventilation cavity, a support ring (4) is provided between the spindle air pipe (2) and the inner wall of the pull rod (1), one end of the spindle air pipe (2) and the spindle water pipe (3) is connected to the clamp (5) provided at the end of the pull rod (1), and the other end is connected to the rotary joint (6). The pull rod (1) is rotatably sleeved with a cylinder body (7), and a piston body (8) is provided in the inner cavity of the cylinder body (7). One end of the piston body (8) is connected to the pull rod (1), and the other end is connected to the induction flange (9). The outer wall of the cylinder body (7) is rotatably connected to the housing (10) through a bearing. A water receiving box (11) is provided on the housing (10), and a detection switch (12) is provided on the top of the water receiving box (11). A rotary joint fixing block (13) is provided at the end of the shell (10), and the inner wall of the rotary joint fixing block (13) is rotatably connected to the rotary joint (6) through a bearing. A first air pipe (14) and a first water pipe (15) are provided in the rotary joint fixing block (13), and the outlet end of the first water pipe (15) is distributed along the central axis of the pull rod (1). A second air pipe (16) and a second water pipe (17) are provided in the rotary joint (6), wherein one end of the second water pipe (17) is connected to the first water pipe (15), and the other end is connected to a transition water cavity (18) provided at the end of the rotary joint (6). One end of the spindle water pipe (3) is connected to the transition water cavity (18), and one end of the second air pipe (16) is connected to an annular groove (19). The annular groove (19) is provided on the end face of the rotary joint (6) facing the rotary joint fixing block (13), and the outlet end of the first air pipe (14) corresponds to the annular groove (19). The second air pipe (16) is composed of an axial air path (20) and a radial air path (21) that are interconnected and vertically distributed. The end of the axial air path (20) is connected to the annular groove (19), and the end of the radial air path (21) is connected to the ventilation cavity. A pair of sealing rings (22) is provided between the spindle air pipe (2) and the inner wall of the rotary joint (6). A pair of sealing rings (22) is also provided between the spindle water pipe (3) and the inner wall of the rotary joint (6). The end of the piston body (8) is connected to an induction flange (9), and the induction flange (9) is provided with three arc grooves (24) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. One end of the rotary joint (6) is provided with three connecting parts (25) respectively matching the above-mentioned arc grooves (24). The connecting parts (25) pass through the arc grooves (24) and are connected to the end of the piston body (8). The induction flange (9) matches the detection switch (12).

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