Anti-scouring device for bridge pier

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of bridge foundation protection, and discloses a pier anti-scour device which comprises a plurality of anti-scour structures which are vertically and horizontally combined and connected to surround a pier, and the adjacent anti-scour structures are connected through connecting pull rings. Each anti-scour structure comprises an anti-scour hexahedron, and a top hanging ring, a transverse pull ring and a longitudinal pull ring are prefabricated and fixed in the anti-scour hexahedron correspondingly and stretch out from the top, the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction of the anti-scour hexahedron. The adjacent anti-scouring structures connect the transverse pull rings or the longitudinal pull rings vertically and horizontally through the connecting pull rings. The anti-scour structure is arranged on the riverbed surface around the pier, the anti-scour effect of water blocking and sand stabilization can be effectively achieved, all the structures can be prefabricated, mounting and dismounting on an engineering site are facilitated, the structure size and the arrangement range of the anti-scour structure can be flexibly adjusted according to actual engineering conditions, and the anti-scour structure has high practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of bridge foundation protection, in particular to a bridge pier anti-scouring device. Background Art

[0002] As a crucial structural element of bridge foundations, bridge pile foundations are often subject to the scouring effects of water in flow environments. Localized scouring around the pile foundations can cause surrounding sediment to be carried away, generating vortices and erosion, forming scour pits. This scouring can affect the stability of the pile foundations, threatening the safety and stability of the bridge itself and related structures. In areas subject to water, scouring is a significant cause of damage to bridge pile foundations and other foundations. During scouring, the depth of the pile foundation embedded in the soil is reduced, resulting in a decrease in the foundation's bearing capacity and stability.

[0003] According to Article 7.1.1 of the "Specifications for Hydrological Survey and Design of Highway Engineering" (JTG C30-2015), bridge pier scour calculations include three components: scour due to natural riverbed evolution, general scour, and local scour. Scour caused by natural riverbed evolution is due to the movement of water and sediment in the river channel, which causes changes in the riverbed morphology. This change in bed morphology, in turn, affects the movement of water and sediment, creating a mutually dependent and complementary relationship. This natural evolution of the river channel continues both before and after bridge construction, and bridge design must consider the potential riverbed deformation during bridge operation. After a bridge is built on a river, the bridge piers confine the flow, increasing the flow velocity beneath the bridge and its ability to carry sediment, leading to scour beneath the bridge. As scour progresses, the riverbed beneath the bridge deepens, the watershed area increases, and the flow velocity gradually decreases. Scour ceases when a new scouring and deposition equilibrium is reached or the flow velocity beneath the bridge decreases to a level acceptable for the riverbed quality (no scour). Scour across the entire riverbed beneath a bridge, caused by compressed water flow after bridge construction, is called general scour. Local scour occurs when water flowing toward a bridge pier is blocked by the pier, dramatically changing the flow structure around it. This circumferential flow causes streamlines to bend significantly, creating spiraling currents near the riverbed. This scours the sediment around the pier, particularly on the riverbed facing the water, and creates a scouring effect on the pier. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to solve the problem of local scouring at the bridge pier.

[0005] To overcome or alleviate the above technical problems, the present utility model aims to provide a bridge pier anti-scour device suitable for reducing local scour at bridge piers, effectively preventing water and sand from scouring, and achieving the desired anti-scour effect. All structures can be prefabricated, facilitating installation and disassembly at the construction site. The structural dimensions and layout of the anti-scour device can be flexibly adjusted according to actual project conditions, resulting in strong practicality.

[0006] The utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A pier anti-scour device comprises a plurality of anti-scour structures that are connected in a longitudinal and transverse combination and surround the pier, wherein adjacent anti-scour structures are connected via connecting pull rings (21); wherein a single anti-scour structure comprises an anti-scour hexahedron (1), a top hanging ring (2), a transverse pull ring (4) and a longitudinal pull ring (3) are prefabricated and fixed in the anti-scour hexahedron (1) and extend from the top, transversely and longitudinally thereof; adjacent anti-scour structures are connected longitudinally and transversely via connecting pull rings (21) to connect the transverse pull rings (4) or the longitudinal pull rings (3).

[0008] According to some embodiments, the anti-scour hexahedron (1) is a solid structure, the bottom and top surfaces of which are both rectangular, and the other four surfaces are all trapezoidal, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0009] According to some embodiments, the anti-scour hexahedron (1) is precast concrete.

[0010] According to some embodiments, pebbles (42) are filled between the anti-scour structures connected in a vertical and horizontal combination.

[0011] According to some embodiments, the top hanging ring (2) is a semi-closed ring, the ring foot end of which is vertically fixed in the anti-scour hexahedron (1), the ring foot end is bent, and the ring top of the top hanging ring (2) extends out of the top surface of the anti-scour hexahedron (1) in a semi-circular shape.

[0012] According to some embodiments, the transverse pull ring (4) and the longitudinal pull ring (3) are closed rings.

[0013] According to some embodiments, the transverse pull ring (4) and the longitudinal pull ring (3) intersect at the centroid of the anti-scour hexahedron (1).

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The utility model is arranged on the riverbed surface around the bridge piers, and can effectively play the role of preventing water and sand from scouring. All the above structures can be prefabricated, which is convenient for installation and disassembly at the engineering site. The structural size and arrangement range of the anti-scouring device can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual engineering conditions, and it has strong practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-scour hexahedron provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the anti-scour structure connection method provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 A top view of the anti-scour structure connection method provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of an anti-scour structure surrounding a bridge pier on a horizontal riverbed provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 A top view of an anti-scour structure surrounding a bridge pier provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of an anti-scour structure surrounding a bridge pier on an inclined riverbed provided by an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] In the picture:

[0023] Anti-scour hexahedron 1; top lifting ring 2; longitudinal pull ring 3; transverse pull ring 4; connecting pull ring 21; bridge pier 41; pebbles 42; ground line 43. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All reasonable variations and combinations within the scope of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention. The terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed", "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; they can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; they can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or they can be internal communication between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figures 2-3 The bridge pier anti-scour device provided in this embodiment includes a plurality of anti-scour structures connected in a longitudinal and transverse combination to surround the bridge pier, and adjacent anti-scour structures are connected by connecting pull rings 21.

[0029] The structure of the pier anti-scour device is as follows:

[0030] like Figure 1 , a single anti-scour structure includes an anti-scour hexahedron 1, a top hanging ring 2, a horizontal pull ring 4 and a longitudinal pull ring 3. The top hanging ring 2, the horizontal pull ring 4 and the longitudinal pull ring 3 are prefabricated and fixed deep inside the anti-scour hexahedron 1, and protrude from its top, horizontally and vertically. The anti-scour hexahedron 1 is a solid trapezoidal hexahedron structure, in which the bottom and top surfaces of the hexahedron are rectangular, and the other four sides are trapezoidal, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The anti-scour hexahedron 1 is prefabricated with concrete. First, a mold needs to be made according to the shape of the hexahedron. The material can be wood or steel, etc., and the mold needs to reserve a pull ring position. Pour the evenly mixed concrete slurry into the mold, and pre-embed the top hanging ring 2, the horizontal pull ring 4 and the longitudinal pull ring 3 therein. After the concrete block is solidified and formed, the formwork is removed, and the concrete block is watered and cured. After its strength meets the requirements, it can be installed on site. Concrete blocks offer excellent compressive strength and corrosion resistance, along with a high density. They are difficult to move in water, effectively securing the riverbed where they are located. Furthermore, because concrete blocks can be prefabricated and are relatively inexpensive, they can be easily mass-produced and installed based on project needs.

[0031] The top lifting ring 2 is pre-embedded within the scour-proof hexahedron 1 and forms a semi-enclosed ring. One end of the ring foot is fixed vertically within the hexahedron, with the distal end bent 90 degrees to ensure secure attachment. The semicircular top of the ring extends from the centroid of the hexahedron's top surface, facilitating lifting and stacking during on-site installation. The top lifting ring is prefabricated with steel bars, and the threaded surface further strengthens the ring's securement within the hexahedron. Rust-proofing is required prior to installation.

[0032] The transverse and longitudinal pull rings 4 and 3 are pre-embedded within the anti-scour hexahedron 1, forming a fully enclosed loop. The midsections of the two pull rings intersect at the hexahedron's centroid, with semicircular ends extending from the hexahedron's lateral centroids to facilitate interconnection with the surrounding hexahedrons during installation. Both the transverse and longitudinal pull rings are prefabricated with steel bars, and their surface threads further strengthen their attachment within the hexahedron. Rust-proofing is required prior to installation.

[0033] The ends of the connecting pull ring 21 are connected to the ends of the two transverse pull rings 4 or the ends of the two longitudinal pull rings 3, allowing different anti-scour hexahedrons 1 to be quickly connected to form a whole. The connecting pull ring 21 is prefabricated with a gap. After the two-way pull ring ends are connected, a single-sided welding is performed on site to make it a closed pull ring. The welding length should meet the design requirements.

[0034] like Figures 4-5 , a bridge pier anti-scour device is laid around the bridge pier 41 on the horizontal riverbed, and the bottom surface of the anti-scour hexahedron 1 is in close contact with the horizontal ground line 43; Figure 6 A pier anti-scour device can also be laid around the bridge pier 41 on the inclined riverbed, with the bottom surface of the anti-scour hexahedron 1 in close contact with the ground line 43 in the inclined direction.

[0035] Instructions for use:

[0036] Before installing the pier anti-scour devices, the riverbed surrounding the piers must be leveled, cleaned, and repaired to facilitate the placement of the hexahedrons. To ensure installation quality and ultimate effectiveness, installation should be performed during the dry season.

[0037] After stacking the anti-scour hexahedrons 1, the gaps between the anti-scour hexahedrons 1 should be backfilled with coarse-grained pebbles 42 from the top surface of the anti-scour hexahedron 1 to strengthen the integrity of the anti-scour device of the pier, so that it has a certain water-blocking effect and can disperse and penetrate the gaps.

[0038] The anti-scour hexahedron 1 should be stacked according to the design elevation and the position of the main riverbed should not be changed to ensure that the main riverbed is basically stable. Before the masonry construction of the newly added anti-scour hexahedron 1 is carried out, the existing riverbed should be combed to form a water flow slope of not less than 0.5% at the bottom of the riverbed to ensure smooth water flow without blockage. After the masonry construction of the newly added anti-scour hexahedron 1 is completed, it should follow the existing riverbed topography, the upstream and downstream riverbed bottom and the bank to ensure smooth water flow without blockage. During the paving construction of the riverbed anti-scour hexahedron 1, small machinery should be used, and the work should be carried out with careful organization and meticulous construction. The placement of the anti-scour hexahedron 1 should not have an impact on the riverbed foundation of the bridge pier pile foundation, so as to avoid the sinking of the pile foundation, ensure the stability of the foundation and pile foundation, and ensure the safety of the bridge.

[0039] The layout of the anti-scour hexahedron 1 must cover the entire local scour range of the bridge pier. The theoretical range of local scour of the bridge pier must be based on the geological and hydrological conditions at the bridge site, determined through theoretical calculations, model experiments, or numerical simulations. The size and layout of the concrete hexahedrons must be adjusted based on the hydrological conditions at the bridge site and the distribution of the anti-scour range.

[0040] The information in this example is derived from a bridge project. The scour prevention hexahedrons are made of C20 pebble concrete. The bottom and top surfaces are square, while the other four sides are trapezoidal. The bottom side is 0.8m long, the top side is 0.4m long, and the height is 0.6m. The lifting rings and tie rings are made of HPB300 steel bars, with the ring heads extending 0.05m beyond the hexahedron. The scour prevention hexahedrons 1 are arranged centered at the piers, covering a 20m area along the bridge and a 30.5m area upstream and downstream of the bridge. The layout of the scour prevention hexahedrons 1 is based on the development of local scour pits in bridge pile foundations. They are arranged around the pile foundations in a full-height pattern according to the distribution of the scour pits. Tie rings 21 connect the scour prevention hexahedrons 1 to ensure structural strength.

[0041] The above embodiments are merely preferred implementations of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions based on the principles of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that improvements and modifications that can be made by persons of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge pier anti-scour device, characterized by: It comprises a plurality of anti-scour structures connected in a longitudinal and transverse combination to surround the bridge pier, and adjacent anti-scour structures are connected by connecting pull rings (21); The single anti-scour structure comprises an anti-scour hexahedron (1), a top hanging ring (2), a transverse pull ring (4) and a longitudinal pull ring (3) which are respectively prefabricated and fixed in the anti-scour hexahedron (1) and extend from the top, transverse and longitudinal directions of the anti-scour hexahedron; The adjacent anti-scour structures are connected vertically and horizontally via connecting pull rings (21) to connect the transverse pull rings (4) or the longitudinal pull rings (3).

2. The bridge pier anti-scour device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-scour hexahedron (1) is a solid structure, the bottom and top surfaces of which are both rectangular, and the other four surfaces are all trapezoidal, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

3. The bridge pier anti-scour device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-scour hexahedron (1) is made of prefabricated concrete.

4. The bridge pier anti-scour device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Pebbles (42) are filled between the anti-scour structures connected in a longitudinal and transverse combination.

5. The bridge pier anti-scour device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top hanging ring (2) is a semi-closed ring, the ring foot end of which is vertically fixed in the anti-scour hexahedron (1), the ring foot end is bent, and the top of the top hanging ring (2) extends out of the top surface of the anti-scour hexahedron (1) in a semi-circular shape.

6. The bridge pier anti-scour device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse pull ring (4) and the longitudinal pull ring (3) are closed rings.

7. The bridge pier anti-scour device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transverse pull ring (4) and the longitudinal pull ring (3) intersect at the centroid of the anti-scour hexahedron (1).

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