Mural hollowing knocking detection equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses mural hollowing knocking detection equipment, and relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing. The problem that an existing wall-knocking sound distinguishing method depends on personal inference insufficiently can be solved. Comprising a knocking detection mechanism, a lifting translation mechanism and a portal frame, wherein the knocking detection mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a knocking device, a distance measuring device, a first control device and a second control device; a first supporting plate is fixedly installed on the lower portion of the bottom plate, a second supporting plate is fixedly installed on the upper portion of the bottom plate, and a partition plate is arranged between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate. The knocking device is fixedly connected to the first supporting plate, and the distance measuring device is fixedly connected to the partition plate. The first control device is fixedly connected to the second supporting plate, and the second control device is fixedly connected to the partition plate. The mural hollowing detection device is suitable for mural hollowing detection scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of non-destructive testing, in particular to a mural hollowing knocking detection device. Background Art

[0002] As a treasure of historical culture, murals contain a wealth of historical information on humanities, religion, economy, and daily life. However, after thousands of years of weathering, murals have suffered varying degrees of damage. Cracking, peeling, pigment shedding, blisters, fissures, salt frost, and alkali tarnish are readily apparent. Hollowing, however, occurs primarily between the base layer and the support. Loss or weakening of adhesion causes the base layer to partially detach from the support, making it invisible among mural damage. Hollowing can also cause cracks and bulges on the surface of murals, leading to large-scale delamination and hindering their scientific conservation. Therefore, it is necessary to scientifically and rationally study the defect characteristics of mural hollowing to provide a scientific basis for the restoration and conservation of mural artifacts.

[0003] Practice has shown that the traditional method of knocking on the wall to identify sounds is very practical and efficient in judging whether murals have hollowing defects. However, the current method of knocking on the wall to identify sounds relies on personal inference, is greatly influenced by subjectivity, and is prone to misjudgment during the sound identification process. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a mural hollow drum knocking detection device, which can overcome the problem that the existing method of wall knocking sound identification relies on insufficient personal inference.

[0005] In the first aspect, the mural hollow drum knocking detection device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a knocking detection mechanism, a lifting and translation mechanism and a gantry; the lifting and translation mechanism is fixedly installed on the frame of the gantry, and the knocking detection mechanism is fixedly installed on the lifting and translation mechanism; wherein, the knocking detection mechanism includes: a base plate, a knocking device, a distance measuring device, a first control device and a second control device; the lower part of the base plate is fixedly installed with a first support plate, the upper part is fixedly installed with a second support plate, and a partition is provided between the first support plate and the second support plate; the knocking device is fixedly connected to the first support plate, and the distance measuring device is fixedly connected to the partition; the first control device is fixedly connected to the second support plate, and the second control device is fixedly connected to the partition.

[0006] Optionally, the knocking device includes: a cylinder, a push-pull rod and a knocking head; the cylinder is arranged between the first support plate and the partition, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate and the partition; the push-pull rod is arranged inside the cylinder, and both ends pass through the outer surface of the cylinder; the first end of the push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the knocking head, and the second end of the push-pull rod is provided with a groove; the knocking device also includes: a sliding module; the sliding module includes: a push rod, a sliding platform, a sliding platform fixing member and a cylinder; the push rod is slidably connected to the sliding platform and can be engaged in the groove at the second end of the push-pull rod to assist the push-pull rod to achieve knocking distance control; the sliding platform is fixedly connected to the sliding platform fixing member and the cylinder, and the sliding platform fixing member and the cylinder are an integrated structure and are electrically connected to the second control device; the sliding module is arranged between the knocking device and the base plate, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate through the sliding platform fixing member.

[0007] Optionally, a reset spring and a coil are fixedly connected to the inside of the cylinder, and the coil is connected to the first control device; the push-pull rod passes through the reset spring and the coil and extends out of the outer surfaces of both sides of the cylinder; and limiting parts are provided on both sides of the push-pull rod extending out of the cylinder.

[0008] Optionally, a first buffer pad is provided on the push-pull rod near the contact point with the return spring, and a second buffer pad is provided on the contact point with the left limit member. The first buffer pad and the second buffer pad are used to buffer the push-pull rod and reduce the working noise of the push-pull rod.

[0009] Optionally, the knocking detection mechanism also includes: a data acquisition device; the data acquisition device includes: an acoustic sensor, a sensor fixing and adjustment module, and a data acquisition instrument; the sensor is fixedly connected to the sensor fixing and adjustment module, and is connected to the data acquisition instrument; the data acquisition instrument is placed outside the mural hollow drum knocking detection device and is connected to a computer; the data acquisition device is used to control the triggering of the data acquisition instrument to collect knocking data through the sensor while the first control device controls the knocking device to knock on the mural.

[0010] Optionally, the sensor fixing and adjustment module includes: a base, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a connecting piece, a fastener and a sensor fixing component; the base is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and a fixing groove connected to the first connecting rod is provided on the base; the first end of the first connecting rod is connected to the fixing groove, and the second end is connected to the first side of the connecting piece; the second connecting rod is vertically connected to the second side of the connecting piece; the sensor fixing component is connected to the second connecting rod, which is used to fix the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument; the fasteners are arranged on the side of the fixing groove and at both ends of the connecting piece, for fastening the connecting rod.

[0011] Optionally, the lifting and translation mechanism includes: a slide rail, a lifting component, a translation component and a motor; the motor is fixedly arranged on the outside of the slide rail and is electrically connected to the first control device; the slide rail includes a vertical slide rail and a horizontal slide rail, and the lifting component is connected to the vertical slide rail; the translation component is connected to the horizontal slide rail, and the horizontal slide rail is horizontally arranged on the vertical slide rail through the lifting component; the lifting component and the translation component are also connected to a motor that drives the lifting component and the translation component to move.

[0012] Optionally, the gantry is a profile, and corner seats are fixedly connected to the four corners of the gantry for connecting the profile; universal wheels are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the gantry for achieving free movement of the mural hollow drum knocking detection equipment.

[0013] Optionally, the first support plate, the partition plate and the second support plate are fixed by columns.

[0014] The mural hollow drum knocking detection device provided by the embodiment of the utility model controls the horizontal or vertical movement of the knocking detection mechanism installed on the lifting and translation mechanism through a first control device. When it moves to the target detection position, the first control device controls the knocking device to knock on the mural based on the data collected by the ranging device, thereby realizing automatic knocking on the mural, which can overcome the problem of insufficient personal inference caused by the existing method of wall knocking sound identification relying on manual knocking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a mural hollowing detection device provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a knock detection mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a knock detection mechanism according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a striking device provided in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a striking device provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a striking device provided in yet another embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sensor fixing and adjusting module provided in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a lifting and translation mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 9 A flow chart of a method for detecting hollow drums in murals provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a method for detecting hollow drums in murals provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure: 1. knock detection mechanism; 2. lifting and translation mechanism; 3. gantry; 4. bottom plate; 5. knock device; 6. distance measuring device; 7. first control device; 8. second control device; 9. first support plate; 10. second support plate; 11. partition; 12. through hole; 13. cylinder; 14. push-pull rod; 15. knock head; 16. sliding module; 17. push rod; 18. sliding platform; 19. sliding platform fixing member; 20. cylinder; 21. limit member; 211. limit pin; 212. limit ring; 22. reset spring; 23. coil; 24. first buffer pad; 25. second buffer pad; 26. sensor fixing and adjustment module; 27. base; 271. Fixing slot; 28. First connecting rod; 29. ​​Second connecting rod; 30. Connecting piece; 31. Fastener; 311. First fastening screw; 312. Steering screw; 313. Second fastening screw; 32. Sensor fixing part; 33. Slide rail; 331. Vertical slide rail; 332. Horizontal slide rail; 34. Lifting part; 35. Translation part; 36 (361 and 362) motor; 37. Angle seat; 38. Universal wheel; 39. Column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] It should be understood that the embodiments described are only a portion of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. Example 1

[0031] The utility model provides a mural hollow drum knocking detection device, see Figures 1-8 As shown, it includes: a knock detection mechanism 1, a lifting and translation mechanism 2 and a gantry 3;

[0032] A lifting and translation mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the frame of the gantry 3, and a knock detection mechanism 1 is fixedly installed on the lifting and translation mechanism 2;

[0033] Among them, the knocking detection mechanism 1 includes: a base plate 4, a knocking device 5, a distance measuring device 6, a first control device 7 and a second control device 8; the lower part of the base plate 4 is fixedly installed with a first support plate 9, and the upper part is fixedly installed with a second support plate 10, and a partition 11 is arranged between the first support plate 9 and the second support plate 10; the knocking device 5 is fixedly connected to the first support plate 9, and the distance measuring device 6 is fixedly connected to the partition 11; the first control device 7 is fixedly connected to the second support plate 10, and the second control device 8 is fixedly connected to the partition 11.

[0034] For details, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the bottom plate 4 of the knock detection mechanism 1 is provided with fixed plates on the upper and lower sides, and the bottom plate 4 and the fixed plate are provided with through holes 12 for fixing the knock detection mechanism 1 to the lifting and translation mechanism 2 through fasteners, and the fasteners can be fastening components such as bolts and screws; the lower part of the bottom plate 4 is fixedly installed with a first support plate 9, and the upper part is fixedly installed with a second support plate 10, and a partition plate 11 is provided between the first support plate 9 and the second support plate 10; wherein, the second support plate 10 is an L-shaped steel plate, and the first support plate 9, the partition plate 11, and the second support plate 10 are arranged in parallel from bottom to top, and the partition plate 11 is provided in the left area between the first support plate 9 and the second support plate 10; the knocking device 5 is fixedly connected to the left area of ​​the first support plate 9, that is, directly below the partition 11. The distance measuring device 6 is fixedly connected to the front end of the partition 11, and the front end of the distance measuring device 6 and the front end of the knocking device 5 are aligned on a plane perpendicular to the first support plate 9. In this way, the distance to the mural measured by the distance measuring device 6 is equal to the distance from the knocking head of the knocking device to the mural; the first control device 7 is fixedly connected to the second support plate 10, and the second control device 8 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the partition 11. The first control device 7 is electrically connected to the knocking device 5 to control the knocking device 5 to perform the knocking action; the second control device 8 is electrically connected to the distance measuring device 6 to control the distance measuring device 6 to measure the distance to the mural. Among them, the distance measuring device in the embodiment of the utility model can be a distance measuring device such as a distance measuring sensor, which will not be described in detail here.

[0035] Optionally, in some embodiments, the knocking device 5 includes: a cylinder 13, a push-pull rod 14 and a knocking head 15; the cylinder 13 is arranged between the first support plate 9 and the partition 11, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate 9 and the partition 11; the push-pull rod 14 is arranged inside the cylinder 13, and both ends pass through the outer surface of the cylinder 13; the first end of the push-pull rod 14 is fixedly connected to the knocking head 15, and the second end of the push-pull rod 14 is provided with a groove;

[0036] The knocking device also includes: a sliding module 16; the sliding module includes: a push rod 17, a sliding platform 18, a sliding platform fixing part 19 and a cylinder 20; the push rod 17 is slidingly connected to the sliding platform 18, and can be engaged in the groove at the second end of the push-pull rod 14, for assisting the push-pull rod 14 to achieve knocking distance control; the sliding platform 18 is fixedly connected to the sliding platform fixing part 19 and the cylinder 20, and the sliding platform fixing part 19 and the cylinder 20 are an integrated structure, which is electrically connected to the second control device 8; the sliding module 16 is arranged between the knocking device 5 and the base plate 4, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate 9 through the sliding platform fixing part 19.

[0037] In this embodiment, see Figure 4-6 As shown, the barrel 13 of the knocking device 5 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the top and bottom surfaces of the barrel 13 are provided with through holes 12 for fixing the knocking device 5 on the first support plate 9 and the partition 11. A push-pull rod 14 is fixedly provided inside the barrel 13 and both ends of the push-pull rod 14 pass through the outer surface of the left and right sides of the barrel 13; a knocking head 15 made of soft material is fixedly connected to the first end of the push-pull rod 14 for knocking the mural, and a groove is provided at the end of the second section to match the push rod 17 on the sliding module 16 so that the push rod 17 on the sliding platform 18 can be engaged in the groove to assist the push-pull rod 14 in achieving knocking distance control. Among them, the knocking head 15 can be disassembled and replaced to avoid inaccurate data collected due to damage to the knocking head 15. In addition, the knocking head 15 can also be replaced with different materials according to the actual situation on site, such as rubber, silicone, etc., to avoid damage to the mural when knocking.

[0038] The sliding module 16 of this embodiment is arranged at the rear end of the knocking device 5, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate 9 through the sliding platform fixing part 19. The distance data from the mural to the knocking detection mechanism 1 is measured by the distance measuring device 6. The second control device 8 controls the air flow and exhaust of the cylinder 20 to control the push rod 17 on the sliding platform 18 to slide forward and engage in the groove of the push-pull rod 14, and continue to slide forward to push the push-pull rod 14 forward, and adjust the distance of the push-pull rod 14 so that the position of the mural is fixed each time it is knocked, and the voltage of the coil 23 is controlled by the first control device 7 to keep the force of knocking the mural fixed each time.

[0039] Specifically, before knocking on the mural, the target distance between the knocking head 15 and the mural is determined in advance each time the knocking device 5 knocks on the mural, so that the position of the mural knocked each time is fixed; when knocking on the mural, the second control device 8 is first used to control the distance measuring device 6 to measure the distance between the knocking head 15 and the mural. If the mural is dented or other reasons cause the target distance between the knocking head 15 and the mural to change, the second control device 8 controls the cylinder 20 of the sliding module 16, thereby controlling the push rod 17 to start working, pushing the push-pull rod 14 forward, so that the distance between the knocking head 15 on the push-pull rod 14 and the mural is the target distance, ensuring that the target distance is the same for each knock. After each push rod 17 completes its work, the second control device 8 controls the cylinder 20 to reset the push rod 17, waiting to work when the target distance changes next time.

[0040] Optionally, in some embodiments, a reset spring 22 and a coil 23 are fixedly connected to the inside of the cylinder 13, and the coil 23 is connected to the first control device 7; the push-pull rod 14 passes through the reset spring 22 and the coil 23 and extends out of the outer surfaces of both sides of the cylinder; and limiting members 21 are provided on both sides of the push-pull rod 14 extending out of the cylinder 13.

[0041] Optionally, in some embodiments, a first buffer pad 24 is provided on the push-pull rod 14 near the contact point with the return spring 22, and a second buffer pad 25 is provided on the contact point with the left limit member 21. The first buffer pad 24 and the second buffer pad 25 are used to buffer the push-pull rod 14 and reduce the working noise of the push-pull rod.

[0042] In this embodiment, see Figure 4-5 As shown, a return spring 22 and a coil 23 are fixedly connected to the interior of the cylinder 13, and the coil 23 is connected to the first control device 7; a limit pin 211 is provided on the first end of the push-pull rod 14 extending out of the cylinder 13 near the striking head 15, and a limit ring 212 is provided on the second end extending out of the cylinder 13 near the groove, and a second buffer pad 25 is provided in front of the limit ring. The limit pin 211 and the limit ring 212 are used for limiting; wherein, the first buffer pad and the second buffer pad can be made of a material with a buffering effect such as a rubber pad, which is used to buffer the push-pull rod 14 and reduce the working noise of the push-pull rod 14 to prevent interference when collecting sound data. In some embodiments, the return spring 22 can also be provided on the outside of the cylinder near the side of the limit ring.

[0043] Specifically, the target distance between the knocking head 15 and the mural is predetermined each time the knocking device 5 knocks the mural, so that the position of the mural is fixed each time; when working, the knocking device 5 is used to knock the mural for detection. When knocking the mural, the second control device 8 is first used to control the distance measuring device 6 to measure the distance between the knocking head 15 and the mural. When it is detected that the target distance between the knocking head 15 and the mural changes, the second control device 8 controls the cylinder 20 of the sliding module 16, thereby controlling the push rod 17 to start working, pushing the push-pull rod 14 forward, so that the distance between the knocking head 15 on the push-pull rod 14 and the mural is the target distance, ensuring that the target distance is the same each time the knocking is made. Each time the push rod 17 completes its work, the second control device 8 controls the cylinder 20 to reset the push rod 17; after adjusting to the target distance, the first control device 7 controls the on and off of the coil 23 to further control the movement of the push-pull rod 14, thereby enabling the knocking head 15 to knock on the mural. After the coil 23 is energized, the push-pull rod 14 is controlled to move so that the knocking head 15 knocks on the mural. During this process, the reset spring 22 is compressed. After the coil 23 is de-energized, the reset spring 22 assists the push-pull rod 14 in resetting. The first buffer pad 24 and the second buffer pad 25 have a shock-absorbing effect on the push-pull rod 14, while reducing the working noise of the push-pull rod 14 to prevent interference when collecting sound data.

[0044] Optionally, in some embodiments, the knock detection mechanism further includes: a data acquisition device;

[0045] The data acquisition device includes: an acoustic sensor, a sensor fixing and adjustment module 26, and a data acquisition instrument; the sensor is fixedly connected to the sensor fixing and adjustment module 26 and connected to the data acquisition instrument; the data acquisition instrument is placed outside the mural hollow drum percussion detection device and connected to a computer; the data acquisition device is used to control the triggering of the data acquisition instrument to collect percussion data through the sensor while the first control device controls the percussion device to percuss the mural.

[0046] Optionally, in some embodiments, the sensor fixing and adjustment module 26 includes: a base 27, a first connecting rod 28, a second connecting rod 29, a connecting member 30, a fastener 31 and a sensor fixing component 32; the base 27 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 4, and the base 27 is provided with a fixing groove 271 connected to the first connecting rod 28; the first end of the first connecting rod 28 is connected to the fixing groove, and the second end is connected to the first side of the connecting member 30; the second connecting rod 29 is vertically connected to the second side of the connecting member 30; the second connecting rod 29 is connected to the sensor fixing component 32 for fixing the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument; the fastener 31 is arranged on the side of the fixing groove 271 and at both ends of the connecting member 30 for fastening the connecting rod. The fastener 31 includes: a first fastening screw 311, a steering screw 312 and a second fastening screw 313; the first fastening screw 311 is arranged on the side of the fixing groove 271 and on both sides of the connecting member 30, and is used to fasten the connecting rod; the steering screw 312 is arranged at the lower end of the connecting member 30, and is used to achieve relative rotation between the first side and the second side of the connecting member 30; the second fastening screw 313 is arranged at the top of the sensor fixing component 32, and is used to fix the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument.

[0047] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, the sensor fixing and adjustment module 26 is arranged on the right side of the bottom plate 4 and the first support plate 9, and the base 27 is fixed to the bottom plate 4 by bolts. The base 27 is provided with a fixing groove 271, and the first end of the first connecting rod 28 can be inserted into the fixing groove 271. The remaining length of the first connecting rod 28 can be adjusted by the depth of the insertion. The other end of the first connecting rod 28 is connected to the connecting member 30. The connecting member 30 can change the position of the sensor fixing component connected to the second connecting rod 29 by changing the position of the remaining length set on the first connecting rod 28; the second connecting rod 29 is connected to the connecting member 3 On the other side of the connector 30 opposite the first connecting rod 28, fasteners 31 are provided on the sides of the fixing slot and at both ends of the connector 30, used to tighten the connecting rod and adjust the distance between the connecting rods to adjust the position of the sensor fixing component. A first fastening screw 311 is provided on the sides of the fixing slot 271 and on both sides of the connector 30 to tighten the connecting rod. A steering screw 312 is provided at the lower end of the connector 30 to enable relative rotation between the first and second sides of the connector 30. A second fastening screw 313 is provided at the top of the sensor fixing component 32 to secure the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition device. The first connecting rod 28 and the second connecting rod 29 can rotate within the connector 30 to secure the acoustic sensor at different angles.

[0048] Specifically, the data acquisition device is used to collect knocking data when the knocking device 5 knocks on the mural. The acoustic sensor is fixed in a suitable position in advance by pre-fixing the connecting rod, the connecting part 30 and the sensor fixing part 32. When the first control device 7 controls the knocking device 5 to knock, the sensor in the sensor fixing part 32 is controlled by an external computer to work and collect knocking data.

[0049] Optionally, in some embodiments, a sensor fixing component 32 is connected to the second connecting rod 29 for fixing an acoustic sensor connected to a data acquisition instrument.

[0050] In this embodiment, see Figure 7 As shown, a sensor fixing component 32 is connected to the second connecting rod, and the acoustic sensor is fixed in the sensor fixing component 32. The acoustic sensor can be a high-precision sound pressure sensor. The sensor is connected to the data acquisition instrument through a cable, and the data acquisition instrument is arranged outside the knocking detection equipment and connected to the computer. The first control device 7 is also connected to the computer. The data acquisition device is used to control the triggering of the data acquisition instrument to collect knocking data through the sensor while the first control device 7 controls the knocking device 5 to knock on the mural.

[0051] In some embodiments, by adding connectors 30 and connecting rods, multiple sensor fixing components 32 can be fixed at different positions, thereby realizing multi-sensor joint data collection and improving on-site detection efficiency.

[0052] Optionally, in some embodiments, the lifting and translating mechanism 2 includes: a slide rail 33, a lifting component 34, a translating component 35 and a motor 36; the motor 36 is fixedly arranged on the outside of the slide rail 33 and is electrically connected to the first control device 7; the slide rail 33 includes a vertical slide rail 331 and a horizontal slide rail 332, and the lifting component 34 is connected to the vertical slide rail 331; the translating component 35 is connected to the horizontal slide rail 332, and the horizontal slide rail 332 is horizontally arranged on the vertical slide rail 331 through the lifting component 34; the lifting component 34 and the translating component 35 are also connected to the motor 36 that drives the lifting component 34 and the translating component 35 to move.

[0053] In this embodiment, see Figure 8 As shown, the slide rails 33 of the lifting and translation mechanism 2 include vertical slide rails 331 fixed on the frames on both sides of the gantry 3 and horizontal slide rails 332 laterally arranged on the vertical slide rails 331. Limiting components are provided at both ends of each slide rail 33 to ensure safe sliding on the slide rails 33; a lifting component 34 is installed on the vertical slide rail 331, and a translation component 35 is installed on the horizontal slide rail 332. A motor 36 is also fixed on the outer side of each slide rail 33.

[0054] Specifically, the lifting and translation mechanism 2 is used to assist the lifting and translation of the knocking detection mechanism 1. The lifting and translation of the knocking detection mechanism 1 is realized by controlling the movement of the lifting component 34 on the vertical slide rail 331 through the motor 36, and the translation of the knocking detection mechanism 1 is realized by controlling the movement of the translation component 35 on the horizontal slide rail 332 through the motor 36.

[0055] Optionally, in some embodiments, the gantry 3 is a profile, and the four corners of the gantry 3 are fixedly connected with corner seats 37 for connecting the profile; the two sides of the bottom of the gantry 3 are fixedly connected with universal wheels 38 for realizing the free movement of the mural hollow drum knocking detection equipment.

[0056] In this embodiment, see Figure 8 As shown, the gantry 3 is a frame-type structure, and the material of each frame is a profile. The profiles are connected to each other by corner seats 37 set at the four corners. The structure in this embodiment is only one embodiment of the present invention. In actual application, it is also possible to increase the profile in the vertical direction of the gantry 3 to achieve hollow drum knocking detection of murals at a higher distance; and universal casters are also provided on both sides of the bottom of the gantry 3, which can realize the free movement of the mural hollow drum knocking detection equipment.

[0057] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first support plate 9 , the partition plate 11 and the second support plate 10 are fixed by columns 39 .

[0058] In this embodiment, see Figure 3As shown, the first support plate 9, the partition plate 11 and the second support plate 10 can be steel plates, which are supported and fixed on the base plate 4 through the column 39. The base plate 4 is connected to the translation component 35 on the lifting and translation mechanism 2 through the through hole 12, thereby realizing the translation and lifting of the knock detection mechanism 1. Example 2

[0059] The present application also provides a mural hollow drum knocking detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, using any mural hollow drum knocking detection device described in embodiment 1, see Figure 9 As shown, the method includes:

[0060] S110, determining a grid size based on the expected hollowing accuracy of the mural, dividing the mural area to be tested into grids based on the grid size, and determining the horizontal and vertical movement distances of the knock detection mechanism on the lifting and translation mechanism;

[0061] S120, moving the mural hollowing percussion detection device to the front of the mural area to be detected, and adjusting the percussion head of the percussion detection mechanism to align with the center of the first target detection grid at a target distance; the target distance is a predetermined distance between the percussion head and the mural to be detected;

[0062] S130, obtaining the distance from the striking head to the first target detection grid by a distance measuring device, and adjusting the moving distance of the push-pull rod according to the difference between the target distance and the distance from the striking head to the first target detection grid, so that the distance from the striking head on the push-pull rod to the first target detection grid is the target distance;

[0063] S140, starting the knocking device and the data collection device to knock on the mural in the first target detection grid and collect knocking data;

[0064] S150, after completing the tapping of the first target detection grid, moving to the next target detection grid according to a predetermined moving distance, and after moving to the designated target detection grid, tapping and sampling according to the target distance and force, so that the force and position of each tap are fixed, until the tapping and data collection of the murals in all target detection grids are completed;

[0065] S160: Process the collected knocking data to obtain damage indicators corresponding to all target detection grids, and draw a mural hollowing disease defect map based on the damage indicators corresponding to each grid.

[0066] Specifically, the present embodiment provides a method for detecting hollow drum knocking in murals, see Figure 10As shown, before the knocking test is performed on the mural to be tested, the appropriate grid size is determined in advance according to the size of the mural area to be tested and the expected hollowing accuracy of the mural, and the mural area to be tested is gridded in a non-contact, non-polluting manner according to the grid size. When gridding, the mural area to be tested can be gridded by projecting a laser grid on the mural using a laser, and the error between the actual grid size and the target grid size is controlled within an allowable range. The naming rule of the grid data is determined according to the grid data, for example, "NAXY" represents the sub-grid of the Xth row and Yth column in the Nth column grid A, and the knocking is determined according to the actual distance between each grid. The knock detection mechanism 1 needs to move the horizontal or vertical distance each time on the lifting and translation mechanism 2, connect the first control device, the second control device and the data acquisition instrument to the computer, and set the moving distance data in the first control device 7 according to the grid data; move the mural hollow drum knock detection device to the front of the mural area to be detected, and adjust the knock head 15 of the knock detection mechanism 1 to align the target distance with the center of the first target detection grid. The target distance is the predetermined distance between the knock head and the mural to be detected, usually 1 to 2 cm, which is determined according to the on-site conditions; obtain the distance from the knock head 15 to the first target detection grid through the distance measuring device 6. The distance is set, and the moving distance of the push-pull rod 14 is adjusted by the push rod 17 according to the difference between the target distance and the distance from the knocking head 15 to the first target detection grid, so that the knocking head 15 on the push-pull rod 14 knocks the target distance of the mural to be measured at the same time; the push rod 17 is reset after each work is completed to prepare for the next work; at the same time, the distance between the sensor and the mural to be measured is determined, and the relative position with the center of the target detection grid is fixed; at this time, the first control device 7 starts the knocking device 5, and at the same time, the computer triggers the data acquisition instrument to collect data through the sensor when the first control system issues a start command, and the mural of the first target detection grid is detected. Perform knocking and collect knocking data; after knocking on the first target detection grid, move to the next target detection grid according to the predetermined horizontal or vertical moving distance, and after moving to the designated target detection grid, knock and sample at the same distance and strength as the first target detection grid, so that the strength and position of each knock are fixed, and knock and sample the target detection grids row by row and column by column until the knocking and data collection of the murals of all target detection grids are completed; finally, the collected knocking data is subjected to noise filtering, pre-emphasis and other processing, and the damage indicators of each grid are obtained through frequency domain analysis, and finally a defect map of the mural hollowing detection results is drawn.

[0067] In summary, the mural hollowing percussion detection equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application can overcome the problem that the existing method of wall knocking sound identification relies on insufficient personal inference, and realizes the unification of knocking force and knocking position through an automatically controlled knocking device, and realizes the lifting and translation of the knocking device through a lifting and translation device, so as to meet the needs of studying mural hollowing defects under the condition of constant knocking force value, greatly improve the efficiency of on-site detection of mural hollowing diseases, and provide a quantifiable reference basis for the health diagnosis, restoration and protection of murals.

[0068] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0069] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0070] For the convenience of description, when referring to a system, server, etc., it may be described separately by function as various units / modules. Of course, when implementing the present invention, the functions of each unit / module can be implemented in the same or multiple software and / or hardware.

[0071] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program can include the processes in the above-described method embodiments. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

[0072] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A mural hollowing detection device, characterized in that: The equipment includes: a knock detection mechanism, a lifting and translation mechanism and a gantry; A lifting and translation mechanism is fixedly installed on the frame of the gantry, and a knock detection mechanism is fixedly installed on the lifting and translation mechanism; In which, the knocking detection mechanism includes: a base plate, a knocking device, a distance measuring device, a first control device and a second control device; a first support plate is fixedly installed at the lower part of the base plate, and a second support plate is fixedly installed at the upper part, and a partition is provided between the first support plate and the second support plate; the knocking device is fixedly connected to the first support plate, and the distance measuring device is fixedly connected to the partition; the first control device is fixedly connected to the second support plate, and the second control device is fixedly connected to the partition.

2. The mural hollowing detection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The knocking device includes: a cylinder, a push-pull rod and a knocking head; the cylinder is arranged between the first support plate and the partition and is fixedly connected to the first support plate and the partition; the push-pull rod is arranged inside the cylinder, and both ends of the push-pull rod pass through the outer surface of the cylinder; the first end of the push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the knocking head, and the second end of the push-pull rod is provided with a groove; The knocking device also includes: a sliding module; the sliding module includes: a push rod, a sliding platform, a sliding platform fixing and a cylinder; the push rod is slidably connected to the sliding platform and can be engaged in the groove at the second end of the push-pull rod, for assisting the push-pull rod to achieve knocking distance control; the sliding platform is fixedly connected to the sliding platform fixing and the cylinder, and the sliding platform fixing and the cylinder are an integrated structure, which is electrically connected to the second control device; the sliding module is arranged between the knocking device and the base plate, and is fixedly connected to the first support plate through the sliding platform fixing.

3. The mural hollowing detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A reset spring and a coil are fixedly connected inside the cylinder, and the coil is connected to the first control device; the push-pull rod passes through the reset spring and the coil and extends out of the outer surfaces of both sides of the cylinder; and limiting members are provided on both sides of the push-pull rod extending out of the cylinder.

4. The mural hollowing detection device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A first buffer pad is provided on the push-pull rod near the contact point with the return spring, and a second buffer pad is provided on the contact point with the left limit member. The first buffer pad and the second buffer pad are used to buffer the push-pull rod and reduce the working noise of the push-pull rod.

5. The mural hollowing detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knock detection mechanism further includes: a data acquisition device; The data acquisition device includes: an acoustic sensor, a sensor fixing and adjustment module, and a data acquisition instrument; the sensor is fixedly connected to the sensor fixing and adjustment module and connected to the data acquisition instrument; the data acquisition instrument is placed outside the mural hollow drum percussion detection device and connected to a computer; the data acquisition device is used to control the triggering of the data acquisition instrument to collect percussion data through the sensor while the first control device controls the percussion device to percuss the mural.

6. The mural hollowing detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sensor fixing and adjusting module includes: a base, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a connecting piece, a fastener and a sensor fixing component; The base is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and a fixing groove connected to the first connecting rod is provided on the base; the first end of the first connecting rod is connected to the fixing groove, and the second end is connected to the first side of the connecting member; the second connecting rod is vertically connected to the second side of the connecting member; the sensor fixing component is connected to the second connecting rod, which is used to fix the acoustic sensor connected to the data acquisition instrument; the fasteners are provided on the side of the fixing groove and at both ends of the connecting member, and are used to fasten the connecting rods.

7. The mural hollowing detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and translation mechanism includes: a slide rail, a lifting component, a translation component and a motor; the motor is fixedly arranged on the outside of the slide rail and is electrically connected to the first control device; the slide rail includes a vertical slide rail and a horizontal slide rail, and the lifting component is connected to the vertical slide rail; the translation component is connected to the horizontal slide rail, and the horizontal slide rail is horizontally arranged on the vertical slide rail through the lifting component; the lifting component and the translation component are also connected to a motor that drives the lifting component and the translation component to move.

8. The mural hollowing detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gantry is a profile, and corner seats are fixedly connected to the four corners of the gantry for connecting the profile; universal wheels are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the gantry for realizing the free movement of the mural hollow drum knocking detection equipment.

9. The mural hollowing detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first support plate, the partition plate and the second support plate are fixed by pillars.

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