Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system
By setting a reflective grating structure on the encapsulated glass of the photovoltaic module, the problem of difficult color effects in photovoltaic modules in photovoltaic building integration is solved, the color effect and high light reflectivity are achieved, which avoids discoloration and damage for long-term use, and simplifies the process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422459577.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing photovoltaic modules are difficult to achieve color effects in photovoltaic building integration, and the process is complex, and are prone to fading or damage.
A reflective grating structure is arranged on the side of the encapsulated glass of the photovoltaic module near the cell, and the grating structure is used for dispersion to achieve color effects, and the grating structure design avoids discoloration or damage from long-term use.
The color effect of photovoltaic modules is achieved, avoids the problem of discoloration in long-term use, the process is simple, there is no need for multiple coatings, and the light reflectivity is improved, and it has good mechanical properties.
Smart Images
Figure CN223274439U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system. Background Art
[0002] When photovoltaic modules are integrated into buildings, they require colorful components for aesthetic reasons. In building-integrated photovoltaics, solar cells are directly integrated into building surfaces, roofs, fences, awnings, walls, and even car surfaces. A variety of solar cells not only provide a decorative effect, but most photovoltaic modules are flat panels with a black base.
[0003] It should be noted that the above content is not necessarily prior art, nor is it intended to limit the scope of patent protection of this application. Utility Model Content
[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a photovoltaic module to solve or alleviate one or more of the technical problems mentioned above.
[0005] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a cell, wherein at least one side of the cell is a light-facing surface, and a side of the light-facing surface away from the cell is provided with encapsulation glass;
[0006] A grating structure is provided on a side of the packaging glass close to the cell.
[0007] In the embodiments of this application, the side of the encapsulating glass closest to the cell is provided with a grating structure. When incident light passes through the grating structure, a portion of the light is dispersed, resulting in the overall photovoltaic module appearing colored. This grating structure eliminates the problem of discoloration or loss of color over time, and the process is simple, eliminating the need for multi-layer coatings. Furthermore, the reflective grating structure is located on the side of the encapsulating glass closest to the cell, preventing external contamination or even damage to the grating structure.
[0008] Optionally, the photovoltaic module includes two or more grating structures, including at least two grating structures of different shapes and / or at least two grating structures of the same shape but arranged in different orientations. Thus, by introducing different grating structures onto the encapsulating glass, multi-angle dispersion can be achieved.
[0009] Optionally, in a photovoltaic module, the grating structure includes periodically arranged gratings; the grating structure includes parallel strip gratings or identical pattern gratings with the same geometric center but different sizes, thereby achieving multi-angle dispersion.
[0010] Optionally, in a photovoltaic module, when the cell is shaped as an axisymmetric figure having two axes of symmetry, one of the axes of symmetry is a first direction, and the other axis of symmetry is a second direction; the parallel strip gratings include at least one of strip gratings distributed parallel to the first direction and oriented in the second direction, and strip gratings distributed parallel to the second direction and oriented in the first direction. Thus, dispersion at a specific angle is achieved by the strip gratings.
[0011] Optionally, in a photovoltaic module, the same geometric center but different sizes of the same pattern gratings include at least one of concentric circle gratings with different diameters and polygonal gratings with the same geometric center with different side lengths. Thus, a specific angle of dispersion is achieved through periodic concentric patterns.
[0012] Optionally, in a photovoltaic module, when the grating structure is a parallel strip grating, the cross section of the grating structure is in the shape of a continuous sawtooth, a continuous groove, a sine curve, or a cosine curve, thereby enabling the grating structure to have different diffraction efficiencies and stray light suppression capabilities.
[0013] Optionally, in the photovoltaic module, within the grating structure, the grating constant is 400 nm to 1500 nm, thereby achieving dispersion of sunlight visible light.
[0014] Optionally, in the photovoltaic module, within the grating structure, the number of periods of the grating structure is greater than 100, thereby making the dispersion visible to the naked eye.
[0015] Optionally, in the photovoltaic module, the encapsulating glass comprises tempered glass, thereby having good mechanical properties.
[0016] Optionally, the photovoltaic module further includes a first adhesive film, a second adhesive film, a backsheet, and a frame; the encapsulating glass, the first adhesive film, the cell, the second adhesive film, and the backsheet are sequentially stacked, with the frame provided on the periphery to assemble the photovoltaic module. Thus, a colored photovoltaic module is obtained.
[0017] Another embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic system, comprising the photovoltaic module described in the first aspect of the embodiment, which is colorful and can be applied in the field of photovoltaic buildings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the multiple drawings represent the same or similar components or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings only depict some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.
[0019] Figure 1is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a grating structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of light diffraction of the grating structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of light dispersion of a grating structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross section of a grating structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0024] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a grating structure provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein FIG6(a) is a concentric circle grating, and FIG6(b) is a strip grating;
[0025] Figure 7 This is a picture of the encapsulation glass provided in the examples of this application.
[0026] Description of reference numerals:
[0027] 1-Encapsulation glass; 2-Grate structure; 3-First adhesive film; 4-Cell; 5-Second adhesive film; 6-Backplane; 7-Frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the sizes of layers, regions, and elements and their relative sizes may be exaggerated for clarity. The same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be understood as limiting the present application. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.
[0029] It should be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on," "adjacent to," "connected to," or "coupled to" another element or layer, it can be directly on, adjacent to, connected to, or coupled to the other element or layer, or there can be intervening elements or layers. Conversely, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly adjacent to," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled to" another element or layer, there can be no intervening elements or layers. It should be understood that while the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe various elements, components, regions, layers, and / or portions, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or portion from another. Thus, without departing from the teachings of the present application, a first element, component, region, layer, or portion discussed below may be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer, or portion. Furthermore, when a second element, component, region, layer, or portion is discussed, it does not necessarily indicate that the first element, component, region, layer, or portion is present in the present application.
[0030] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.
[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can, for example, be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0032] In the present application, when it comes to a numerical interval (i.e., a numerical range), unless otherwise specified, the distribution of the optional numerical values in the numerical interval is considered to be continuous, and includes the two numerical endpoints (i.e., the minimum and maximum values) of the numerical interval, and each numerical value between the two numerical endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when the numerical interval only refers to an integer in the numerical interval, including the two endpoint integers of the numerical range, and each integer between the two endpoints, is equivalent to directly enumerating each integer. When multiple numerical ranges are provided to describe a feature or characteristic, these numerical ranges can be merged. In other words, unless otherwise specified, the numerical range disclosed in this application should be understood to include any and all subranges included therein. The "numerical value" in the numerical interval can be any quantitative value, such as a number, a percentage, a ratio, etc. "Numerical interval" allows broadly including quantitative intervals such as percentage intervals, ratio intervals, and ratio intervals.
[0033] Photovoltaic modules for building integration require color. Existing solutions include adding colored film interlayers to photovoltaic modules, using glass doped with dyes, or employing multilayer coatings, which exploit the interference of specific wavelengths of light with layers of film of a specific thickness to create color. Adding dyes to glass or using colored interlayers can lead to discoloration or photofading due to oxidation over time. Multilayer coatings, on the other hand, require high film thickness and require complex manufacturing processes.
[0034] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module. This solves the problem of fading and complex manufacturing processes when manufacturing colored photovoltaic modules. See below for details.
[0035] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a cell 4, at least one side of the cell being a light-facing surface, and a side of the light-facing surface away from the cell being provided with encapsulation glass 1;
[0037] A reflective grating structure 2 is provided on a side of the packaging glass 1 close to the cell 4 .
[0038] In an embodiment of the present application, a reflective grating structure 2 is disposed on the side of the encapsulating glass 1 near the cell 4. Upon incident light, it is diffracted by the grating structure 2, causing a portion of the light to disperse, thereby causing the entire photovoltaic module to appear colored. Using the grating structure 2 for color development eliminates the problem of discoloration or lack of color development over time, and the process is simple, eliminating the need for multi-layer coatings. Furthermore, the grating structure 2 is located on the side of the encapsulating glass 1 near the cell 4, preventing external contamination or even damage to the grating structure 2.
[0039] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 After the light is incident, it is diffracted by the grating structure 2, and part of the light will be dispersed, making the whole appear colorful.
[0040] It is understood that a mirror metal film, such as a mirror aluminum film, is provided on the side of the encapsulation glass 1 close to the cell 4; a periodic grating is provided on the mirror metal film to form a reflective grating structure 2. When light is incident on the grating structure 2, a portion of the light is diffracted and dispersed, presenting a color. Specifically, see Figure 3 When the incident light reaches the grating structure 2, the light is diffracted. The multi-level diffraction of the grating structure 2 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the color rendering equation is as follows (1):
[0041] d (sinα ±sinβ) =mλ, (1)
[0042] In Equation (1), d is the grating constant (period), λ is the wavelength of the light, α is the incident angle of the light, β is the diffraction angle of the light, and m is the diffraction order, with m = 0, ±1, ±2, ±3, etc. Equation (1) takes a positive sign when the incident light and the diffracted light are on the same side of the normal, and takes a negative sign when the incident light and the diffracted light are on opposite sides of the normal. Equation (1) shows that this grating can achieve dispersion at a specific observation angle. To achieve dispersion at more observation angles, a combination of gratings in different orientations can be fabricated, or a grating structure with a specific pattern can be used.
[0043] Preferably, the grating structure 2 comprises two or more types, including at least two grating structures of different shapes, and / or at least two grating structures of the same shape but arranged in different directions. Thus, a multi-angle or even omnidirectional dispersion phenomenon can be obtained by combining the grating structures.
[0044] Furthermore, the grating structure 2 includes periodically arranged gratings; the grating structure may include parallel strip gratings. Specifically, when the cell is shaped like an axisymmetric figure with two axes of symmetry, one axis of symmetry is a first direction, and the other axis of symmetry is a second direction. The parallel strip gratings include at least one of strip gratings arranged parallel to the first direction and oriented in the second direction, and strip gratings arranged parallel to the second direction and oriented in the first direction. Thus, strip gratings of the same shape can achieve different angles of dispersion by being arranged in different directions. For example, as shown in Figure 6(b), the cell 4 is rectangular. In this case, one axis of symmetry is the first direction, and the other axis of symmetry is the second direction. The strip gratings include a large number of strip gratings arranged parallel to the first direction and oriented in the second direction, and a large number of strip gratings arranged parallel to the second direction and oriented in the first direction. Furthermore, the parallel strip gratings may also include strip gratings that are neither parallel to the first direction nor to the second direction.
[0045] This application does not pursue grating resolution and diffraction efficiency, but only realizes the dispersion function of the grating. Therefore, there is no restriction on the angle of the grating or even the shape of the grating within a single period. It only needs to be a structure with a fixed period. For example, the cross section of the grating structure is in the shape of a continuous sawtooth, a continuous groove, a sine curve or a cosine curve. Thus, by setting different cross sections, the grating structure has different diffraction efficiencies and stray light suppression capabilities. For example, Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The three curves in the figure represent the shapes of the three grating structures with different cross sections, so as to achieve different diffraction efficiencies and stray light suppression capabilities.
[0046] In other embodiments, the grating structure includes at least one of concentric circular gratings with different diameters and polygonal gratings with different side lengths, each having the same geometric center. This allows for dispersion at a specific angle through the periodic arrangement of concentric patterns. Furthermore, polygonal gratings with different side lengths can include triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons, hexagons, and other polygons with the same geometric center. For example, concentric circular gratings with different diameters are shown in Figure 6(a), demonstrating the periodic arrangement of concentric circles of varying diameters to form the grating structure.
[0047] The present application does not limit the grating constant, grating size and period number of the grating structure 2, as long as the dispersion function of sunlight is achieved. Figure 3, the grating constant d is 400nm to 1500nm. For example, the grating constant d can be 400nm, 600nm, 800nm, 1000nm, or 1500nm. As a result, visible light (wavelength range of 380nm to 780nm) in sunlight is diffracted, while avoiding zero-order diffraction of visible light and diffraction of invisible light, which affects the light utilization efficiency of solar cells. Furthermore, the grating length is not less than 1mm, preferably 1mm to 2mm. The number of grating periods is not less than 100, preferably 100 to 500. As a result, the diffraction of sunlight and the dispersion visible to the naked eye are satisfied.
[0048] In some embodiments, the grating structure 2 can be etched by ion etching, photolithography or diamond tool, and grating replication technology can be used in batches.
[0049] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes a first adhesive film 3, a second adhesive film 5, a backboard 6 and a frame 7; the encapsulating glass 1, the first adhesive film 3, the battery cell 4, the second adhesive film 5 and the backboard 6 are stacked in sequence, and the frame 7 is arranged on the periphery to assemble into a photovoltaic module.
[0050] Furthermore, the encapsulating glass 1 may be tempered glass, thus having good mechanical properties.
[0051] In some embodiments, see Figure 7 A photo of encapsulating glass 1 is provided. The two-dimensional dimensions of encapsulating glass 1 in the picture are 4cm x 6cm. As can be seen, the encapsulating glass 1 is colored throughout. Compared to encapsulating glass without a grating structure, the encapsulating glass 1 of this embodiment reflects a portion of the incident light, resulting in a 10% to 20% increase in the light reflectivity of the photovoltaic module. While this embodiment sacrifices a small amount of efficiency to achieve visual effect, it serves a decorative purpose when applied to photovoltaic buildings while fulfilling its basic power generation function.
[0052] The embodiments of the present application can provide a photovoltaic system, including the photovoltaic components in any of the above embodiments. The advantages of the above photovoltaic components are also possessed by the photovoltaic system, which will not be repeated here. The application field of the above photovoltaic system is wide, not only limited to photovoltaic power stations, such as ground power stations, rooftop power stations and water surface power stations, but also includes various equipment and devices that use solar energy to generate electricity, such as user solar power supplies, solar street lights, solar cars and solar buildings. Of course, it is understandable that the application scenarios of the photovoltaic system are not limited to this, that is, the photovoltaic system can be used in all fields that require solar energy to generate electricity. Taking the photovoltaic power generation system network as an example, the photovoltaic system may include a photovoltaic array, a junction box and an inverter. The photovoltaic array can be an array combination of multiple photovoltaic components. For example, multiple photovoltaic components can form multiple photovoltaic arrays. The photovoltaic array is connected to the junction box. The junction box can merge the current generated by the photovoltaic array. The merged current flows through the inverter to convert it into the alternating current required by the mains power grid and then connects to the mains power network to achieve solar power supply.
[0053] It should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present application. The directional terms "inside" and "outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of the component itself. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "on top of other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Therefore, the exemplary term "above..." can include both "above..." and "below..." orientations. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used here will be interpreted accordingly.
[0054] It should also be noted that references to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," etc., in this application refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment as included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with any embodiment, it is intended that such feature, structure, or characteristic, when implemented in conjunction with other embodiments, also fall within the scope of this application.
[0055] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.
[0056] It should also be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not limit the scope of patent protection of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the description and drawings of this application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the scope of patent protection of the present application.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The device comprises a battery cell, wherein at least one side of the battery cell is a light-facing surface, and a side of the light-facing surface away from the battery cell is provided with encapsulation glass; A reflective grating structure is provided on a side of the packaging glass close to the cell.
2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The grating structure has two or more types; The two or more grating structures include: grating structures of at least two shapes, and / or at least two grating structures with the same shape but different arrangement directions.
3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The grating structure includes periodically arranged gratings; The grating structure includes parallel strip gratings or gratings of the same pattern with the same geometric center but different sizes.
4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that When the shape of the battery cell is an axisymmetric figure having two axes of symmetry, one of the axes of symmetry is taken as the first direction, and the other axis of symmetry is taken as the second direction; The parallel arranged strip gratings include at least one of strip gratings distributed in parallel to the first direction and in the second direction, and strip gratings distributed in parallel to the second direction and in the first direction.
5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The same pattern gratings with the same geometric center but different sizes include concentric circle gratings with different diameters and / or polygonal gratings with the same geometric center but different side lengths.
6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein: When the grating structure is a parallel strip grating, the cross section of the grating structure is in the shape of a continuous sawtooth, a continuous groove, a sine curve or a cosine curve.
7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that In the grating structure, the grating constant is 400nm to 1500nm; and / or The number of periods of the grating structure is more than 100.
8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that The packaging glass includes tempered glass.
9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module further includes a first adhesive film, a second adhesive film, a back sheet and a frame; The encapsulating glass, the first adhesive film, the battery cell, the second adhesive film and the back plate are stacked in sequence, and the frame is arranged on the periphery to assemble into a photovoltaic module.
10. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module comprises the photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.