Heat treatment device for producing activated carbon by using kitchen garbage

Abstract

The device mainly comprises a water mist channel, a steam generator, an atomizing nozzle, a carbonization reaction cavity, a heat preservation cover, a vortex separation cavity, a carbon deposition cavity, a waste gas separation cavity, a circulating pump and a steam channel, wherein the atomizing nozzle is mounted at one end of the water mist channel, and the steam generator is mounted at the other end of the water mist channel; the steam generator is located in the carbonization reaction cavity, and the end, not connected with the water mist channel, of the steam generator right faces a kitchen garbage inlet located in the inlet position of the carbonization reaction cavity; a heat preservation cover is mounted outside the carbonization reaction cavity, and a vortex separation cavity is mounted at the downstream of the carbonization reaction cavity; and the vortex separation cavity is sequentially connected with the waste gas separation cavity and the circulating pump through a steam channel and is connected with the atomizing nozzle. According to the device, the kitchen garbage is dried and carbonized through superheated steam, organic pollutants in the kitchen garbage are taken away in combination with the gasification effect, and activated carbon is produced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a superheated steam treatment device, in particular to a heat treatment device for producing activated carbon by utilizing kitchen waste. Background Art

[0002] Food waste has high moisture content, is easily perishable, and emits an odor. If not promptly and effectively handled, it will not only cause serious environmental pollution but also impact residents' quality of life and health. Traditional food waste disposal methods primarily include landfilling, incineration, and composting, but each has limitations. Landfilling requires significant land resources and may cause groundwater and soil contamination. Furthermore, landfilling of food waste produces significant amounts of greenhouse gases, such as methane, negatively impacting the environment. Incineration requires high investment and operating costs, and produces hazardous substances such as dioxins, which pollute the atmosphere. Furthermore, the high moisture content of food waste reduces incineration efficiency and increases energy consumption. Composting food waste can be time-consuming, inconsistent in quality, and potentially contain excessive levels of heavy metals. These issues have directly limited the market for food waste disposal devices, hindering the development of a mature market.

[0003] To solve the above problems, the utility model adopts superheated steam treatment technology. Through the high temperature of superheated steam, it can quickly kill pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and parasites in kitchen waste, effectively preventing the spread of disease; through superheated steam, it can quickly evaporate the moisture in kitchen waste and generate activated carbon at the same time, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly while also having certain economic benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present utility model relates to a heat treatment device for producing activated carbon from kitchen waste, which uses superheated steam to dry and carbonize the kitchen waste, and combines gasification to remove organic pollutants in the kitchen waste, while producing activated carbon. The present utility model is relatively small in size and can be installed in more occasions. Compared with traditional kitchen waste treatment methods, the present utility model has the advantages of reducing secondary pollution, lowering transportation costs, and being able to produce activated carbon. The present utility model uses a centrifugal vortex separation method to collect activated carbon. Compared with filtering devices, this method has the advantage of a high pass rate and is suitable for long-term non-stop operation.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted to achieve the above objectives are:

[0006] It mainly includes a water mist channel 1, a steam generator 2, an atomizing nozzle 3, a carbonization reaction chamber 4, a heat preservation cover 5, a vortex separation chamber 6, a carbon deposition chamber 7, an exhaust gas separation chamber 8, a circulation pump 9, and a steam channel 10. The atomizing nozzle 3 is installed at one end of the water mist channel 1, and the steam generator 2 is installed at the other end; the steam generator 2 is located inside the carbonization reaction chamber 4, and the end of the steam generator 2 not connected to the water mist channel 1 is facing the kitchen waste inlet 402 located at the inlet position of the carbonization reaction chamber 4; a heat preservation cover 5 is installed outside the carbonization reaction chamber 4, and a vortex separation chamber 6 is installed downstream of the carbonization reaction chamber 4; the vortex separation chamber 6 is connected to the exhaust gas separation chamber 8 and the circulation pump 9 in sequence through the steam channel 10, and is connected to the atomizing nozzle 3.

[0007] Furthermore, spiral guide vanes 201 are provided inside the steam generator 2 to increase the passage time of the water mist inside the steam generator 2 .

[0008] Furthermore, the carbonization reaction chamber 4 is provided with a guide vane 401 , which can support the steam generator 2 on the one hand, and provide rotation for the flow inside the carbonization reaction chamber 4 on the other hand, thereby increasing the reaction time of the material inside the carbonization reaction chamber 4 .

[0009] Furthermore, the vortex separation chamber 6 includes a guide vane 601, a diverter fluid 602 and an exhaust chamber 603; the guide vane 601 causes the gas flowing into the vortex separation chamber 6 to generate a vortex, and due to the centrifugal force, the heavier powdered activated carbon will be thrown into the area close to the outer wall, and under the action of the diverter fluid 602, it will be divided into two groups of gas, namely, superheated steam containing powdered activated carbon and superheated steam not containing powdered activated carbon; the superheated steam containing powdered activated carbon passes through the outside of the diverter fluid 602 and flows into the carbon deposition chamber 7, and the superheated steam not containing powdered activated carbon passes through the inside of the diverter fluid 602 and flows into the exhaust chamber 603.

[0010] Furthermore, the atomizing nozzle 3 includes a gas inlet 301, a clean water inlet 302 and a nozzle 303; the superheated steam obtains high-speed kinetic energy when passing through the circulation pump 9 and is sprayed in through the gas inlet 301, driving the clean water flowing out of the clean water inlet 302 to pass through the nozzle 303 and become water mist; the high-speed gas sprayed into the gas inlet 301 provides kinetic energy for the internal flow of the entire superheated steam kitchen waste treatment device.

[0011] Furthermore, a separation membrane is installed in the waste gas separation chamber 8 for separating organic waste brought out by the superheated steam.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] 1. The utility model discloses a heat treatment device for producing activated carbon from kitchen waste, which adopts a centrifugal vortex separation method to collect activated carbon, has the advantage of a good pass rate, and can achieve long-term stable operation without stopping.

[0014] 2. The utility model describes a heat treatment device for producing activated carbon using kitchen waste. The device uses superheated steam to treat kitchen waste, which can achieve the effects of sterilization and removing organic pollutants, and is extremely environmentally friendly.

[0015] 3. The heat treatment device for producing activated carbon from kitchen waste described in the present invention can generate activated carbon and has certain economic efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a heat treatment device for producing activated carbon using kitchen waste in the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the structure of an atomizing nozzle of a heat treatment device for producing activated carbon by utilizing kitchen waste.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Water mist channel, 2. Steam generator, 3. Atomizing nozzle, 4. Carbonization reaction chamber, 5. Insulation cover, 6. Vortex separation chamber, 7. Carbon deposition chamber, 8. Exhaust gas separation chamber, 9. Circulation pump, 10. Steam channel, 201. Spiral guide vane, 202. Heating device, 301. Gas inlet, 302. Clean water inlet, 303. Nozzle, 401. Guide vane, 402. Food waste inlet, 601. Guide vane, 602. Diverter, 603. Exhaust chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0020] Figures 1 and 2The present invention relates to a heat treatment device for producing activated carbon from kitchen waste and a related structural schematic diagram. The device primarily comprises a water mist channel 1, a steam generator 2, an atomizing nozzle 3, a carbonization reaction chamber 4, a heat preservation cover 5, a vortex separation chamber 6, a carbon deposition chamber 7, an exhaust gas separation chamber 8, a circulation pump 9, and a steam channel 10. The device is characterized in that the atomizing nozzle 3 is mounted at one end of the water mist channel 1 and the steam generator 2 is mounted at the other end. The steam generator 2 is located within the carbonization reaction chamber 4, with the end of the steam generator 2 not connected to the water mist channel 1 facing the kitchen waste inlet 402 located at the entrance of the carbonization reaction chamber 4. The heat preservation cover 5 is mounted outside the carbonization reaction chamber 4, and a vortex separation chamber 6 is mounted downstream of the carbonization reaction chamber 4. The vortex separation chamber 6 is sequentially connected to the exhaust gas separation chamber 8 and the circulation pump 9 via the steam channel 10 and is then reconnected to the atomizing nozzle 3. A separation membrane is mounted in the exhaust gas separation chamber 8 to separate organic waste removed by the superheated steam.

[0021] The steam generator 2 is provided with spiral guide vanes 201 to increase the passage time of the water mist within the steam generator 2. The carbonization reaction chamber 4 is provided with guide vanes 401 to support the steam generator 2 and provide vortex for the flow within the carbonization reaction chamber 4, thereby increasing the reaction time of the material within the carbonization reaction chamber 4. The vortex separation chamber 6 includes guide vanes 601, a flow divider 602, and an exhaust chamber 603. The guide vanes 601 cause the gas flowing into the vortex separation chamber 6 to generate a vortex. Due to the centrifugal force, the heavier powdered activated carbon is thrown into the area near the outer wall and, under the action of the flow divider 602, is separated into two gas streams: superheated steam containing powdered activated carbon and superheated steam without powdered activated carbon. The superheated steam containing powdered activated carbon passes through the outside of the flow divider 602 and flows into the carbon deposition chamber 7, while the superheated steam without powdered activated carbon passes through the inside of the flow divider 602 and flows into the exhaust chamber 603.

[0022] The atomizing nozzle 3 includes a gas inlet 301, a clean water inlet 302 and a nozzle 303; the superheated steam obtains high-speed kinetic energy when passing through the circulation pump 9 and is sprayed in through the gas inlet 301, driving the clean water flowing out of the clean water inlet 302 to pass through the nozzle 303 and become water mist; the high-speed gas sprayed into the gas inlet 301 provides kinetic energy for the internal flow of the entire superheated steam kitchen waste treatment device.

[0023] The working principle is:

[0024] The present invention has three inlets, including a gas inlet 301, a clean water inlet 302, and a kitchen waste inlet 402. The gas inlet 301 serves as a power output source, and is connected to the circulation pump 10 upstream through the steam channel 11 to provide kinetic energy for the device. The gas input from the gas inlet 301 can drive the water in the clean water inlet 302 to flow into the device, and after passing through the nozzle 303, it forms water mist and enters the water mist channel 1. The main heating area of ​​the device is the steam generator 2. When the water mist enters the steam generator 2, it evaporates into water vapor due to the high temperature, and in the process of flowing through the spiral guide vane 201, it is continuously heated by the multi-stage heating device 202 installed in series. The water vapor fully evaporates and reaches 200 to 1200 degrees Celsius to form superheated steam, which passes through the lower end of the steam generator 2 and enters the carbonization reaction chamber 4.

[0025] After passing through the pulverizer installed before the present invention, the food waste is transformed into a paste and enters the carbonization reaction chamber 4 through the food waste inlet 402. Upon contact with the superheated steam, the paste-like food waste entering the carbonization reaction chamber 4 undergoes dehydration and drying, transforming it into a powdered form. Driven by the superheated steam, the food waste moves toward the upper end of the carbonization reaction chamber 4 and into the vortex separation chamber 6. Guide vanes 601 create a vortex in the gas flowing into the vortex separation chamber 6. Due to centrifugal force, the heavier powdered activated carbon is thrown into an area near the outer wall. There, the gas is separated into two streams by the diverter 602: superheated steam containing powdered activated carbon and superheated steam without powdered activated carbon. The superheated steam containing powdered activated carbon passes outside the diverter 602 and flows into the carbon deposition chamber 7, while the superheated steam without powdered activated carbon passes inside the diverter 602 and flows into the exhaust chamber 603. The gas flows into the steam channel 10 through the exhaust chamber 603, and when passing through the waste gas separation chamber 8, the organic waste gas is separated by the separation membrane installed in the waste gas separation chamber 8. The superheated steam continues to flow into the device through the waste gas separation chamber 8 through the circulation pump 9 and the gas inlet 301, and is recycled, which is more in line with environmental protection requirements.

[0026] The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but also includes other embodiments and modifications within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat treatment device for producing activated carbon from kitchen waste, mainly comprising a water mist channel (1), a steam generator (2), an atomizing nozzle (3), a carbonization reaction chamber (4), a heat preservation cover (5), a vortex separation chamber (6), a carbon deposition chamber (7), an exhaust gas separation chamber (8), a circulation pump (9), and a steam channel (10), characterized in that: An atomizing nozzle (3) is installed at one end of the water mist channel (1), and a steam generator (2) is installed at the other end; the steam generator (2) is located inside the carbonization reaction chamber (4), and the end of the steam generator (2) not connected to the water mist channel (1) faces the kitchen waste inlet (402) located at the inlet position of the carbonization reaction chamber (4); a heat preservation cover (5) is installed outside the carbonization reaction chamber (4), and a vortex separation chamber (6) is installed downstream of the carbonization reaction chamber (4); the vortex separation chamber (6) is connected to the exhaust gas separation chamber (8) and the circulation pump (9) in sequence through the steam channel (10), and is connected to the atomizing nozzle (3).

2. The heat treatment device for producing activated carbon from kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam generator (2) is provided with spiral guide vanes (201) inside to increase the passage time of the water mist inside the steam generator (2).

3. The heat treatment device for producing activated carbon from kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbonization reaction chamber (4) is provided with a guide vane (401) which can support the steam generator (2) on the one hand and provide rotation for the flow inside the carbonization reaction chamber (4) on the other hand, thereby increasing the reaction time of the material inside the carbonization reaction chamber (4).

4. The thermal treatment device for producing activated carbon from kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex separation chamber (6) comprises a guide vane (601), a flow divider (602) and an exhaust chamber (603); the guide vane (601) causes the gas flowing into the vortex separation chamber (6) to generate a vortex, and due to the centrifugal force, the heavier powdered activated carbon is thrown into an area close to the outer wall surface and is separated into two groups of gas under the action of the flow divider (602), namely, superheated steam containing powdered activated carbon and superheated steam not containing powdered activated carbon; the superheated steam containing powdered activated carbon passes through the outer side of the flow divider (602) and flows into the carbon deposition chamber (7), while the superheated steam not containing powdered activated carbon passes through the inner side of the flow divider (602) and flows into the exhaust chamber (603).

5. The thermal treatment device for producing activated carbon from kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atomizing nozzle (3) comprises a gas inlet (301), a clean water inlet (302) and a nozzle (303); the superheated steam obtains high-speed kinetic energy when passing through the circulation pump (9) and is sprayed in through the gas inlet (301), driving the clean water flowing out of the clean water inlet (302) to pass through the nozzle (303) and become water mist; the high-speed gas sprayed in through the gas inlet (301) provides kinetic energy for the flow inside the entire superheated steam kitchen waste treatment device.

6. The heat treatment device for producing activated carbon from kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A separation membrane is installed in the waste gas separation chamber (8) for separating organic waste brought out by the superheated steam.

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