Electric turntable and optical microscope

Abstract

The utility model provides an electric turntable and an optical microscope, and relates to the technical field of optical imaging. The electric rotating disc comprises a base, a rotating disc, a motor, a driven gear, a driving gear, a first magnet, a second magnet, a central controller, a Hall sensing assembly and a magnetic angle sensing assembly, the driven gear is rotationally arranged on the base, the rotating disc is arranged on the driven gear, and a plurality of mounting holes which are distributed around the axis of the rotating disc at intervals and used for mounting optical elements are formed in the rotating disc. The magnetic angle sensing assembly is arranged on the base, the motor is erected on the base and located above the magnetic angle sensing assembly, the main gear is arranged on an output shaft of the motor in a sleeving mode and meshed with the driven gear, the first magnet is arranged on the side, away from the motor, of the main gear and corresponds to the magnetic angle sensing assembly, and the second magnet is arranged on the rotating disc and is close to the edge of the rotating disc. The Hall sensing assembly is erected on the base and located above the edge of the rotating disc. Therefore, the load and the size of the electric turntable can be reduced, the assembling and adjusting process is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical imaging technology, and in particular to an electric turntable and an optical microscope. Background Art

[0002] A microscope is an optical instrument that magnifies tiny objects and makes them observable to the human eye. It is primarily categorized as an optical microscope or an electron microscope. For an optical microscope, the key component that determines its resolution and magnification is the objective lens. A single optical microscope typically has multiple objective lenses with varying magnifications, all mounted on a motorized turntable that switches between them. Of course, this isn't limited to objective lenses; dichroic mirrors, light barriers, and other objects also often utilize motorized turntables for switching, making them a crucial component of optical microscopes.

[0003] In the related art, an electric turntable usually includes a turntable body and an electric motor (such as a stepper motor, a DC motor, an ultrasonic motor, etc.) for driving the turntable body to rotate. The turntable body is provided with a plurality of holes spaced around the rotation axis. Taking the use of an electric turntable to switch the objective lens as an example, these holes are used to install a plurality of objective lenses with different magnifications. Then, when the objective lens needs to be switched, it is only necessary to use the electric motor to drive the turntable body to rotate. Of course, in order to realize the position recognition of each hole on the turntable body, the electric turntable should also include a position recognition component. The position recognition component is usually a plurality of sensors (such as photoelectric switches, Hall elements with magnets, etc.) arranged on the turntable body. Such a large number of sensors will inevitably increase the weight and volume of the electric turntable, which is not conducive to the smooth rotation of the turntable body, and makes the assembly and adjustment process of the electric turntable cumbersome, while reducing the production efficiency of the electric turntable. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides an electric turntable and an optical microscope, aiming to solve the problems of complicated assembly and adjustment procedures, low production efficiency, poor running stability, large weight and volume of the electric turntable in the related art.

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages existing in the related art, the first aspect of the present application provides an electric turntable for use in an optical microscope, including a base, a central controller, a rotating shaft, a turntable, a motor, a slave gear, a master gear, a first magnet, a second magnet, a Hall sensor assembly and a magnetic angle sensor assembly, one end of the rotating shaft is set on the base, the slave gear is sleeved on the other end of the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft, the turntable is set on the slave gear, and the turntable is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting optical elements distributed at intervals around the rotating shaft, the magnetic angle sensor assembly is set on the base, the motor is mounted on the base and located above the magnetic angle sensor assembly, the master gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor and meshes with the slave gear, the first magnet is set on the side of the master gear away from the motor and corresponds to the magnetic angle sensor assembly, the second magnet is set on the turntable and close to the edge of the turntable, the Hall sensor assembly is mounted on the base and located above the edge of the turntable, the central controller is set on the base, and the motor, the Hall sensor assembly and the magnetic angle sensor assembly are respectively communicatively connected to the central controller. Among them, the motor is used to drive the main gear and the first magnet to rotate synchronously, and to make the slave gear, turntable and second magnet rotate synchronously around the rotating shaft; the Hall sensor component is used to sense the magnetic field changes of the second magnet, and output a start signal to the central controller when it is determined that the second magnet corresponds to itself. The start signal indicates that each optical element is in the starting position; the magnetic angle sensor component is used to sense the magnetic field changes of the first magnet and obtain the corresponding magnetic angle. The magnetic angle is related to the rotation angle of the turntable; the central controller is used to control the motor according to the start signal, the magnetic angle and the pre-stored positioning table to place the target optical element on the optical path of the optical microscope. The positioning table includes the magnetic angle corresponding to each optical element when multiple optical elements are placed on the optical path in sequence starting from the starting position through the rotation of the turntable.

[0006] In some implementations, the magnetic angle sensor assembly includes a first substrate on which a magnetic angle recognition circuit and a magnetic angle sensor are disposed. The magnetic angle sensor corresponds to the first magnet and is electrically connected to the magnetic angle recognition circuit, which is communicatively connected to a central controller. The magnetic angle sensor senses changes in the magnetic field of the first magnet and outputs a corresponding first voltage signal to the magnetic angle recognition circuit. The magnetic angle recognition circuit calculates a corresponding magnetic angle based on the first voltage signal and transmits the magnetic angle to the central controller.

[0007] In some implementations, the Hall sensor assembly includes a second substrate, a Hall element, and a position recognition circuit. The Hall element and the position recognition circuit are both disposed on the second substrate. The Hall element is electrically connected to the position recognition circuit, which is communicatively connected to a central controller. The Hall element is configured to sense changes in the magnetic field of the second magnet and output a corresponding second voltage signal to the position recognition circuit. The position recognition circuit is configured to output a start signal to the central controller when the second magnet corresponds to the Hall element based on the second voltage signal.

[0008] In some implementations, the turntable is provided with a plurality of positioning slots spaced apart around the rotating shaft, the positioning slots being located near the edge of the turntable, and the plurality of positioning slots corresponding to the plurality of mounting holes. Furthermore, the electric turntable further includes a bearing assembly mounted on the base, wherein bearings within the bearing assembly contact the upper surface of the turntable. The bearings are configured to roll on the turntable and fall into the positioning slots when the turntable rotates, and the mounting holes corresponding to the positioning slots in which the bearings fall are located in the optical path.

[0009] In some implementations, the turntable is equipped with multiple positioning blocks spaced apart around the rotating shaft, the positioning blocks being located near the edge of the turntable and having positioning slots defined therein. The multiple positioning blocks correspond to the multiple mounting holes. Furthermore, the electric turntable includes a bearing assembly mounted on the base. The bearings within the bearing assembly are positioned above the edge of the turntable and are configured to fall into the positioning slots during rotation of the turntable. The mounting holes corresponding to the positioning slots in which the bearings fall are located within the optical path. In one implementation, the positioning blocks each have an inclined surface at opposite ends for guiding the bearings into the positioning slots.

[0010] In some implementations, the bearing assembly also includes a mounting seat and a cross bar, the mounting seat is arranged on the base, one end of the cross bar is arranged on the mounting seat, and the other end is located above the edge of the turntable, and the bearing sleeve is arranged on the end of the cross bar away from the mounting seat and rotates with the cross bar.

[0011] In some implementations, the arc length between the centers of any two adjacent mounting holes on the slave gear is smaller than the circumference of the master gear.

[0012] The second aspect of the present application provides another electric turntable for use in an optical microscope, including a central controller, a base, a rotating shaft, a turntable, a motor, a slave gear, a main gear, a first magnet, a second magnet, a Hall sensor assembly and a magnetic angle sensor assembly. One end of the rotating shaft is arranged on the base, the slave gear is sleeved on the other end of the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft, the turntable is arranged on the slave gear, and the turntable is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting optical elements distributed at intervals around the rotating shaft. The motor is mounted on the base, the main gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor and meshes with the slave gear, the first magnet is arranged in the middle of the turntable, the magnetic angle sensor assembly is mounted on the base and is located above the first magnet, the second magnet is arranged on the turntable and close to the edge of the turntable, the Hall sensor assembly is mounted on the base and is located above the edge of the turntable, the central controller is arranged on the base, and the motor, the Hall sensor assembly and the magnetic angle sensor assembly are respectively communicatively connected to the central controller. Among them, the motor is used to drive the main gear to rotate and make the slave gear, turntable, first magnet and second magnet rotate synchronously around the rotating shaft; the Hall sensor component is used to sense the magnetic field changes of the second magnet, and output a start signal to the central controller when it is determined that the second magnet corresponds to itself. The start signal indicates that each optical element is in the starting position; the magnetic angle sensor component is used to sense the magnetic field changes of the first magnet and obtain the corresponding magnetic angle. The magnetic angle is related to the rotation angle of the turntable; the central controller is used to control the motor according to the start signal, magnetic angle and pre-stored positioning table to place the target optical element on the optical path of the optical microscope. The positioning table includes the magnetic angle corresponding to each optical element when multiple optical elements are placed on the optical path in sequence starting from the starting position through the rotation of the turntable.

[0013] The third aspect of the present application provides an optical microscope, comprising the electric turntable mentioned in the first aspect of the present application, or the electric turntable mentioned in the second aspect of the present application.

[0014] The electric turntable provided in the first aspect of the present application is composed of a base, a central controller, a rotating shaft, a turntable, a motor, a slave gear, a main gear, a first magnet, a second magnet, a Hall sensor assembly and a magnetic angle sensor assembly. The slave gear is arranged on the base through the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft. The turntable is arranged on the slave gear. The turntable is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting optical elements spaced around its own central axis. The magnetic angle sensor assembly is arranged on the base. The motor is mounted on the base and is located above the magnetic angle sensor assembly. The main gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor and meshes with the slave gear. The first magnet is arranged on the side of the main gear away from the motor and corresponds to the magnetic angle sensor assembly. The second magnet is arranged on the turntable and close to the edge of the turntable. The Hall sensor assembly is mounted on the base and is located above the edge of the turntable. In actual applications, the motor can drive the main gear and the first magnet to rotate synchronously, and make the slave gear, turntable and second magnet rotate synchronously around the rotating shaft; the Hall sensor component can sense the magnetic field changes of the second magnet, and output a start signal to the central controller when it determines that the second magnet corresponds to itself (used to indicate that each optical element is in the starting position); the magnetic angle sensor component can sense the magnetic field changes of the first magnet and obtain the corresponding magnetic angle (related to the rotation angle of the turntable); the central controller can control the motor to drive the main gear according to the start signal, magnetic angle and pre-stored positioning table to realize the switching of optical elements (that is, placing the target optical element in the optical path of the optical microscope), and the positioning table includes the magnetic angle corresponding to each optical element when multiple optical elements are placed on the optical path in sequence through the rotation of the turntable starting from the starting position. It can be seen that the present application can realize the switching of optical elements, and only one magnet (i.e., the second magnet) is required on the turntable. There is no need to set a large number of sensors on the turntable like the traditional solution, thereby reducing the weight and volume of the electric turntable, which is not only conducive to the smooth rotation of the turntable, but also simplifies the assembly and adjustment process of the electric turntable, thereby improving the production efficiency of the electric turntable.

[0015] Although the structure of the electric turntable provided in the second aspect of the present application is different from that of the electric turntable provided in the first aspect of the present application, the two have the same principles, so it also has all the advantages of the electric turntable provided in the first aspect of the present application.

[0016] The optical microscope provided in the third aspect of the present application comprises the electric turntable provided in the first aspect or the second aspect of the present application, and thus has all the advantages of the electric turntable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the relevant technologies or the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the description of the relevant technologies or the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a first electric turntable provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 A side view of a first electric turntable provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the meshing transmission between the master gear and the slave gear provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second electric turntable provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] The marks in the above figures are: 1-base, 2-turntable, 3-motor, 4-slave gear, 5-master gear, 6-first magnet, 7-second magnet, 8-Hall sensor assembly, 9-magnetic angle sensor assembly, 10-bearing assembly, 21-mounting hole, 22-positioning block, 221-positioning groove, 81-second substrate, 91-first substrate, 92-magnetic angle sensor, 101-bearing, 102-mounting seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In the related art, an electric turntable usually includes a turntable body and a motor for driving the turntable body to rotate. The turntable body is provided with a plurality of holes spaced around a rotation axis. Taking the use of an electric turntable for switching objective lenses as an example, these holes are used to install multiple objective lenses of different magnifications. When the objective lenses need to be switched, it is only necessary to use the motor to drive the turntable body to rotate. Of course, in order to realize the position recognition of each hole on the turntable body, the electric turntable should also include a position recognition component. The position recognition component is usually a plurality of sensors (such as photoelectric switches, Hall elements with magnets, etc.) arranged on the turntable body. Such a large number of sensors will inevitably increase the weight and volume of the electric turntable, which is not conducive to the smooth rotation of the turntable body, and also makes the assembly and adjustment process of the electric turntable cumbersome, while reducing the production efficiency of the electric turntable. In view of this, the present application proposes an electric turntable and an optical microscope in the following embodiments to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks existing in the related art.

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application and the corresponding drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application described below are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application, that is, based on the various embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0025] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the first electric turntable. Figure 2 This is a side view of the first type of electric turntable. This embodiment provides an electric turntable, which is used in an optical microscope. The electric turntable includes a base 1, a central controller (not shown), a rotating shaft (not shown), a turntable 2, a motor 3, a slave gear 4, a master gear 5, a first magnet 6, a second magnet 7, a Hall sensor assembly 8, and a magnetic angle sensor assembly 9. One end of the rotating shaft is disposed on the base 1, and the slave gear 4 is sleeved on the other end of the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft. The turntable 2 is disposed on the slave gear 4. The turntable 2 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 21 for mounting optical elements, which are spaced apart around the rotating shaft. The magnetic angle sensor assembly 9 is disposed on the rotating shaft. The motor 3 is mounted on the base 1 and positioned above the magnetic angle sensor assembly 9. The main gear 5 is mounted on the output shaft of the motor 3 and meshes with the slave gear 4. The first magnet 6 is disposed on the side of the main gear 5 away from the motor 3 and corresponds to the magnetic angle sensor assembly 9. The second magnet 7 is disposed on the turntable 2 and near the edge of the turntable 2. The Hall sensor assembly 8 is mounted on the base 1 and positioned above the edge of the turntable 2. The central controller is disposed on the base 1. The motor 3, the Hall sensor assembly 8, and the magnetic angle sensor assembly 9 are each communicatively connected to the central controller, and their operations are all controlled by the central controller. Preferably, the turntable 2 and the mounting hole 21 provided therein are both circular in shape.

[0026] In this embodiment, the optical element in the mounting hole 21 on the turntable 2 can be any element with switching requirements in an optical microscope, such as an objective lens, a dichroic mirror, etc., and can be selected based on actual needs, and this application does not make a sole limitation on this. In addition, it should be noted that the central controller can adopt any controller commonly used in the field, such as a small computer, a microcontroller such as a single-chip microcomputer, an industrial control computer (IPC), a programmable logic controller (PLC), a distributed control system (DCS), etc., and can be selected based on actual needs, and this application does not make a sole limitation on this. It should also be noted that the motor 3 can adopt any electric motor commonly used in the field, such as a stepper motor, a DC motor, an ultrasonic motor, etc., and can be selected based on actual needs, and this application does not make a sole limitation on this.

[0027] In this embodiment, the motor 3 is used to drive the master gear 5, along with the first magnet 6, to rotate synchronously, and to cause the slave gear 4, the turntable 2, and the second magnet 7 to rotate synchronously about the rotation axis. Specifically, when optical element switching is required (i.e., placing a target optical element among the multiple optical elements into the optical path of the optical microscope), the central controller can control the motor 3 to activate. The motor 3, via its output shaft, drives the master gear 5 and the first magnet 6 mounted thereon to rotate synchronously. Since the slave gear 4 is meshed with the master gear 5, the slave gear 4 rotates synchronously with the master gear 5. Furthermore, since the turntable 2 is mounted on the slave gear 4 and the second magnet 7 is mounted thereon, both the turntable 2 and the second magnet 7 rotate synchronously about the rotation axis during the rotation of the slave gear 4. Consequently, the multiple mounting holes 21 located on the turntable 2 also rotate synchronously about the rotation axis. Specifically, the optical elements mounted within the multiple mounting holes 21 rotate synchronously about the rotation axis, thereby rotating the target optical element among the multiple optical elements into the optical path of the optical microscope, thereby achieving optical element switching.

[0028] In this embodiment, the Hall sensor assembly 8 is used to sense changes in the magnetic field of the second magnet 7 and, upon determining that the second magnet 7 is aligned with itself, outputs a start signal to the central controller. This start signal indicates that all optical elements are in their starting positions. In other words, the electric turntable has a starting state, in which all mounting holes 21 (or optical elements) on the turntable 2 are in their starting positions. This starting position serves as the basis for subsequent rotation of the turntable 2 when switching optical elements, and, in other words, serves as the basis for position identification of each mounting hole 21 (or optical element) when switching optical elements. Specifically, during the rotation of the turntable 2, the Hall sensor assembly 8 can sense changes in the magnetic field of the second magnet 7 in real time and, based on this information, determine whether the second magnet 7 is aligned with itself (i.e., whether it is directly below it). When the Hall sensor assembly 8 determines that the second magnet 7 is aligned with itself, it indicates that the electric turntable is in its starting state, meaning that all mounting holes 21 on the turntable 2 are in their starting positions. The Hall sensor assembly 8 then sends a start signal to the central controller to inform the central controller that all mounting holes 21 on the turntable 2 are currently in their starting positions.

[0029] In this embodiment, the magnetic angle sensor assembly 9 is used to sense changes in the magnetic field of the first magnet 6 and obtain a corresponding magnetic angle (any value within 360°). This magnetic angle is related to the rotation angle of the turntable 2. That is, when the central controller controls the motor 3 to sequentially drive the turntable 2 through the main gear 5 and the slave gear 4, the first magnet 6 mounted on the main gear 5 rotates along with the main gear 5, and the magnetic angle sensor assembly 9 corresponding to the first magnet 6 obtains the corresponding magnetic angle by sensing changes in the magnetic field of the first magnet 6. It is understandable that, because the main gear 5 and the slave gear 4 are meshing, and the turntable 2 is mounted on the slave gear 4 and the first magnet 6 is mounted on the main gear 5, the magnetic angle sensed by the magnetic angle sensor assembly 9 is closely related to the rotation angle of the turntable 2.

[0030] In this embodiment, the central controller controls the motor 3's drive of the main gear 5 based on the starting signal sent by the Hall sensor assembly 8, the magnetic angle sensed by the magnetic angle sensor assembly 9, and a pre-stored positioning table to rotate the target optical element into the optical path of the optical microscope. The positioning table includes the magnetic angle corresponding to each optical element as the turntable 2 rotates the optical elements sequentially from the starting position into the optical path of the optical microscope. In other words, when the central controller controls the motor 3 to rotate the main gear 5 to switch optical elements, it must refer to the pre-stored positioning table. This means that the positioning table must be created through testing before the electric turntable is put into use.

[0031] For example, see Figure 3 , Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the meshing transmission of the master gear and the slave gear. Assuming that there are 7 mounting holes 21 on the turntable 2, which are represented by A, B, C, D, E, F, and G respectively, the process of making the positioning table is: the central controller controls the motor 3 to indirectly drive the turntable 2 and the second magnet 7 thereon to rotate around the rotation axis, so that the second magnet 7 rotates to just below the Hall sensor component 8. The Hall sensor component 8 will output a start signal to the central controller, indicating that all the mounting holes 21 on the turntable 2 are in the starting position. At this time, the mounting hole 21 on the optical path of the optical microscope is A; the central controller continues to control the motor 3 to indirectly drive the turntable 2 to rotate around the rotation axis to rotate B to the optical path of the optical microscope. In the process of rotating B to the optical path of the optical microscope, the magnetic angle sensor component 9 will obtain the corresponding magnetic angle b by sensing the change in the magnetic field of the first magnet 6; the central controller continues to control the motor 3 to indirectly drive the turntable 2 to rotate around the rotation axis to rotate C to the optical path of the optical microscope. During the process on the optical path, the magnetic angle sensor component 9 will obtain the corresponding magnetic angle c by sensing the magnetic field change of the first magnet 6 (after obtaining the magnetic angle b, the magnetic angle c is calculated from zero, and the magnetic angle c is not superimposed on the basis of the magnetic angle b); the central controller continues to control the motor 3 to indirectly drive the turntable 2 to rotate around the axis of rotation, so as to rotate D to the optical path of the optical microscope. In the process of rotating D to the optical path of the optical microscope, the magnetic angle sensor component 9 will obtain the corresponding magnetic angle d by sensing the magnetic field change of the first magnet 6 (after obtaining the magnetic angle c, the magnetic angle d is calculated from zero, and the magnetic angle d is not superimposed on the basis of the magnetic angle c); and so on, until the magnetic angle e when E is rotated to the optical path of the optical microscope, the magnetic angle f when F is rotated to the optical path of the optical microscope, and the magnetic angle g when G is rotated to the optical path of the optical microscope are obtained; finally, a positioning table is made with B→b, C→c, D→d, E→e, F→f, and G→g. Furthermore, it should be noted that, since A is always located in the optical path of the optical microscope when all mounting holes 21 on the turntable 2 are in their starting positions, the positioning table does not contain a magnetic angle corresponding to A. In other words, the magnetic angle corresponding to A in the positioning table is zero. It should also be noted that, in the process of creating the positioning table, the rotation of the turntable 2 is not limited to being controlled by a central controller; manual rotation by a staff member is also possible, and this application does not impose any such limitation.

[0032] Based on this, when all mounting holes 21 on the turntable 2 are in their starting positions, taking rotating C onto the optical path of the optical microscope as an example, this process necessarily requires first rotating B onto the optical path of the optical microscope, and then rotating C onto the optical path of the optical microscope. In other words, the central controller will first refer to the magnetic angle b and sequentially drive the turntable 2 to rotate via the master gear 5 and the slave gear 4 until B is rotated onto the optical path of the optical microscope. Thereafter, the central controller will again refer to the magnetic angle c and sequentially drive the turntable 2 to rotate via the master gear 5 and the slave gear 4 until C is rotated onto the optical path of the optical microscope, thus completing the switching of C. Of course, the switching of the other mounting holes 21 is also carried out in the same manner.

[0033] In this embodiment, the arc length between the centers of any two adjacent mounting holes 21 on the slave gear 4 (when the mounting hole 21 is circular, the center of the hole is the center of the circle) is smaller than the circumference of the master gear 5. Figure 3 As shown, the arc length between E and F ⌒EF> the arc length between F and G ⌒FG> the arc length between D and E ⌒DE> the arc length between G and A ⌒GA> the arc length between C and D ⌒CD> the arc length between B and C ⌒BC> the arc length between A and B ⌒AB, then ⌒EF<2πR, R represents the radius of the main gear 5; in addition, taking the turntable 2 rotating from A to B and forming the corresponding rotation angle n2 as an example, in this case, the motor 3 will drive the main gear 5 to rotate from k1 to k3 and form the corresponding rotation angle n1, then n1πR / 180=n2πR r / 180, R r is the radius of turntable 2.

[0034] Of course, the arc length between the centers of any two adjacent mounting holes 21 on the slave gear 4 does not necessarily have to be less than the circumference of the master gear 5. In other embodiments, the arc length between the centers of any two adjacent mounting holes 21 on the slave gear 4 may also be greater than the circumference of the master gear 5. The specific selection can be based on actual needs and is not a sole limitation in this application. It is understood that if the arc length between the centers of any two adjacent mounting holes 21 on the slave gear 4 is less than the circumference of the master gear 5, then when the turntable 2 rotates between the two adjacent mounting holes 21 (for example, from A to B, etc.), the main gear 5 will not rotate more than 360°. However, if the arc length between the centers of any two adjacent mounting holes 21 on the slave gear 4 is greater than the circumference of the master gear 5, then when the turntable 2 rotates between the two adjacent mounting holes 21, the main gear 5 will rotate more than 360°. This is relatively complicated and may even require additional devices on the master gear 5 to determine the number of rotations. Therefore, the arc length between the centers of any two adjacent mounting holes 21 on the slave gear 4 is preferably smaller than the circumference of the master gear 5 .

[0035] As can be seen from the above, this embodiment can realize the switching of optical elements, and only one magnet (i.e., the second magnet 7) is provided on the turntable 2. There is no need to provide a large number of sensors on the turntable 2 as in the traditional solution, thereby reducing the weight and volume of the electric turntable. This not only simplifies the installation and adjustment process of the electric turntable, improves the production efficiency of the electric turntable, but also facilitates the smooth rotation of the turntable 2.

[0036] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The magnetic angle sensor assembly 9 includes a magnetic angle sensor 92, a first substrate 91, and a magnetic angle recognition circuit (not shown). Both the magnetic angle sensor 92 and the magnetic angle recognition circuit are mounted on the first substrate 91. The magnetic angle sensor 92 corresponds to the first magnet 6 and is electrically connected to the magnetic angle recognition circuit, which is in turn communicatively connected to the central controller. Specifically, the magnetic angle sensor 92 senses changes in the magnetic field of the first magnet 6 and outputs a corresponding first voltage signal to the magnetic angle recognition circuit. The magnetic angle recognition circuit calculates the corresponding magnetic angle based on the first voltage signal and transmits the magnetic angle to the central controller. That is, in actual applications, when the central controller controls the motor 3 to sequentially drive the turntable 2 via the main gear 5 and the slave gear 4, the first magnet 6 mounted on the main gear 5 rotates along with the main gear 5. The magnetic angle sensor 92 corresponding to the first magnet 6 senses the magnetic field changes of the first magnet 6 and transmits a first voltage signal generated by sensing the magnetic field changes of the first magnet 6 to the magnetic angle recognition circuit. The magnetic angle recognition circuit then calculates the corresponding magnetic angle based on the first voltage signal and transmits it to the central controller, which serves as the basis for the central controller to control the motor 3 to drive the main gear 5, i.e., as the basis for switching the optical elements of the electric turntable. Furthermore, it should be noted that a gap exists between the magnetic angle sensor 92 and the first magnet 6, preferably with a size of 0.5 to 3 mm. It should also be noted that this application does not require the installation angle between the magnetic angle sensor 92 and the first magnet 6, as long as the magnetic angle sensor 92 can sense the magnetic field changes of the first magnet 6. Furthermore, the magnetic angle sensor 92 can be replaced with other sensors with similar functions in the art, such as photoelectric encoders. The specific selection can be based on actual needs and is not limited in this application.

[0037] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 2The Hall sensor assembly 8 includes a Hall element (not shown), a position recognition circuit (not shown), and a second substrate 81. Both the Hall element and the position recognition circuit are mounted on the second substrate 81. The Hall element is electrically connected to the position recognition circuit, which is in turn communicatively connected to the central controller. Specifically, the Hall element senses changes in the magnetic field of the second magnet 7 and outputs a corresponding second voltage signal to the position recognition circuit. Upon determining, based on the second voltage signal, that the second magnet 7 corresponds to the Hall element, the position recognition circuit outputs a start signal to the central controller. That is, in actual applications, when the central controller controls the motor 3 to sequentially drive the turntable 2 and the second magnet 7 thereon to rotate synchronously about the rotation axis via the main gear 5 and the slave gear 4, the Hall element can sense the magnetic field changes of the second magnet 7 in real time and send a second voltage signal generated by sensing the magnetic field changes of the second magnet 7 to the position recognition circuit. When the second magnet 7 corresponds to the Hall element, that is, when the second magnet 7 rotates directly below the Hall element, the position recognition circuit can conclude that "the second magnet 7 corresponds to the Hall element" based on the second voltage signal at this time. The position recognition circuit then sends a start signal to the central controller indicating that all mounting holes 21 on the turntable 2 are in the starting position. This serves as the basis for the central controller to control the motor 3 to drive the main gear 5, that is, as the basis for the electric turntable to switch the optical elements. In addition, it should be noted that the Hall element within the Hall sensor assembly 8 is not limited to one. In other embodiments, the Hall sensor assembly 8 may also include two or more Hall elements. The specific selection can be based on actual needs and is not limited to this in this application.

[0038] In some embodiments, some mechanical positioning structures are provided in the electric turntable, which can realize the mechanical positioning of each mounting hole 21 during the rotation of the turntable 2 on the one hand, and ensure the stability of the turntable 2 after the rotation of the turntable 2 is completed (that is, the optical element switching is completed).

[0039] As an example, see Figure 1 and Figure 2The turntable 2 is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks 22 spaced apart around the rotating shaft. The plurality of positioning blocks 22 are all close to the edge of the turntable 2. A positioning groove 221 is provided on each positioning block 22. The plurality of positioning blocks 22 correspond to the plurality of mounting holes 21. Furthermore, in addition to the structure given above, the electric turntable also includes a bearing assembly 10 mounted on the base 1 and positioned to be adapted to the optical path of the optical microscope. The bearing 101 in the bearing assembly 10 is located above the edge of the turntable 2. The bearing 101 is used to fall into the positioning groove 221 during the rotation of the turntable 2. It can be understood that the positioning blocks 22 (including the positioning groove 221 provided thereon) and the bearing assembly 10 in this embodiment together constitute a mechanical positioning structure. Since the position of the bearing assembly 10 on the base 1 is adapted to the optical path of the optical microscope, the mounting hole 21 corresponding to the positioning block 22 with the bearing 101 is located on the optical path of the optical microscope. Preferably, each positioning block 22 has an inclined surface at both opposite ends for guiding the bearing 101 to fall into the positioning groove 221; of course, the inclined surfaces at both ends of the positioning block 22 are not only used to guide the bearing 101 to fall into the positioning groove 221, but also can reduce the friction force when the bearing 101 contacts the positioning block 22, thereby avoiding the disadvantage that both are easily damaged under long-term friction.

[0040] As another embodiment, analogous to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The turntable 2 is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves 221 spaced apart around the rotating shaft, and the plurality of positioning grooves 221 are all close to the edge of the turntable 2, and the plurality of positioning grooves 221 respectively correspond to the plurality of mounting holes 21; furthermore, in addition to the structure given above, the electric turntable also includes a bearing assembly 10 mounted on the base 1 and positioned to be adapted to the optical path of the optical microscope, the bearing 101 in the bearing assembly 10 is in contact with the upper surface of the turntable 2, and the bearing 101 is used to roll on the turntable 2 and fall into the positioning groove 221 when the turntable 2 rotates. It can be understood that the positioning groove 221 and the bearing assembly 10 in this embodiment together constitute a mechanical positioning structure, and since the position of the bearing assembly 10 on the base 1 is adapted to the optical path of the optical microscope, the mounting hole 21 corresponding to the positioning groove 221 in which the bearing 101 is located is on the optical path of the optical microscope; in addition, during the rotation of the turntable 2, the rolling of the bearing 101 on the turntable 2 can effectively reduce the friction when the bearing 101 contacts the turntable 2, thereby avoiding the disadvantage that both are easily damaged under long-term friction.

[0041] For the above two examples, see Figure 1 and Figure 2In addition to the bearing 101, the bearing assembly 10 also includes a mounting seat 102 and a cross bar (not shown). The mounting seat 102 is arranged on the base 1, one end of the cross bar is arranged on the mounting seat 102, and the other end is located above the edge of the turntable 2. The bearing 101 is sleeved on the end of the cross bar away from the mounting seat 102 and rotates with the cross bar. Preferably, the cross bar adopts an elastic rod with good elasticity, which can play a buffering role when the bearing 101 contacts the turntable 2 or the positioning block 22, so as to avoid affecting the smooth rotation of the turntable 2. In addition, it should be noted that the bearing assembly 10 is not limited to including one bearing 101. In other embodiments, it can also include two or more bearings 101. The specific setting can be based on actual needs, and this application does not make a sole limitation on this.

[0042] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the second electric turntable. This embodiment provides another electric turntable used in optical microscopes. Compared with the electric turntable of the previous embodiment, the positions of the first magnet 6 and the magnetic angle sensor assembly 9 in the electric turntable of this embodiment are different, but the principles of switching optical elements of the two are the same. Specifically, the electric turntable of this embodiment includes a central controller, a first magnet 6, a second magnet 7, a base 1, a rotating shaft, a turntable 2, a motor 3, a slave gear 4, a main gear 5, a Hall sensor assembly 8 and a magnetic angle sensor assembly 9. One end of the rotating shaft is arranged on the base 1, and the slave gear 4 is sleeved on the other end of the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft. The turntable 2 is arranged on the slave gear 4. A plurality of mounting holes 21 for mounting optical elements are provided on the turntable 2 and are spaced around the rotating shaft. The motor 3 is mounted on On the base 1, the main gear 5 is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor 3 and meshes with the slave gear 4. The first magnet 6 is arranged in the middle of the turntable 2. The magnetic angle sensor component 9 is mounted on the base 1 and is located above the first magnet 6. The second magnet 7 is arranged on the turntable 2 and is close to the edge of the turntable 2. The Hall sensor component 8 is mounted on the base 1 and is located above the edge of the turntable 2. The central controller is arranged on the base 1. The Hall sensor component 8, the magnetic angle sensor component 9 and the motor 3 are respectively communicated with the central controller.

[0043] In this embodiment, the motor 3 is used to drive the main gear 5 to rotate and cause the first magnet 6, the second magnet 7, the slave gear 4, and the turntable 2 to rotate synchronously around the rotating shaft; the Hall sensor assembly 8 is used to sense the magnetic field changes of the second magnet 7 and output a start signal to the central controller when it determines that the second magnet 7 corresponds to itself. The start signal indicates that each optical element is in the starting position; the magnetic angle sensor assembly 9 is used to sense the magnetic field changes of the first magnet 6 and obtain the corresponding magnetic angle, which is related to the rotation angle of the turntable 2; the central controller is used to control the motor 3 based on the start signal, the magnetic angle, and a pre-stored positioning table to rotate the target optical element into the optical path of the optical microscope. The positioning table includes the magnetic angle corresponding to each optical element when the multiple optical elements are placed in the optical path in sequence by rotating the turntable 2 starting from the starting position. In addition, the process of switching optical elements of the electric turntable of this embodiment can be referred to the electric turntable of the previous embodiment, and this application will not be repeated here.

[0044] The above embodiments are only preferred implementations of the present application and are not the only limitations on the electric turntable and optical microscope, etc. In this regard, those skilled in the art can flexibly set them according to the actual application scenarios based on the above embodiments. It can be understood that through the implementation of the above embodiments of the present application, an electric turntable is formed by using the base 1, the central controller, the rotating shaft, the turntable 2, the motor 3, the slave gear 4, the main gear 5, the first magnet 6, the second magnet 7, the Hall sensor component 8 and the magnetic angle sensor component 9. The slave gear 4 is set on the base 1 through the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft. The turntable 2 is set on the slave gear 4. The turntable 2 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 21 for mounting optical elements spaced around its own central axis. The magnetic angle sensor component 9 is set on the base 1, the motor 3 is mounted on the base 1 and is located above the magnetic angle sensor component 9. The main gear 5 is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor 3 and meshes with the slave gear 4. The first magnet 6 is set on the side of the main gear 5 away from the motor 3 and corresponds to the magnetic angle sensor component 9. The second magnet 7 is set on the turntable 2 and close to the edge of the turntable 2. The Hall sensor component 8 is mounted on the base 1 and is located above the edge of the turntable 2. In actual applications, the motor 3 can drive the main gear 5 to rotate synchronously with the first magnet 6, and make the slave gear 4, turntable 2 and second magnet 7 rotate synchronously around the rotating shaft; the Hall sensor component 8 can sense the magnetic field change of the second magnet 7, and output a start signal to the central controller when it determines that the second magnet 7 corresponds to itself (used to indicate that each optical element is in the starting position); the magnetic angle sensor component 9 can sense the magnetic field change of the first magnet 6 and obtain the corresponding magnetic angle (related to the rotation angle of the turntable 2); the central controller can control the drive of the main gear 5 by the motor 3 according to the start signal, the magnetic angle and the pre-stored positioning table to realize the switching of the optical element (that is, placing the target optical element in the optical path of the optical microscope), and the positioning table includes the magnetic angle corresponding to each optical element when multiple optical elements are placed on the optical path in sequence through the rotation of the turntable 2 starting from the starting position. It can be seen that the present application can realize the switching of optical elements, and only one magnet (i.e., the second magnet 7) is provided on the turntable 2. There is no need to provide a large number of sensors on the turntable 2 as in the traditional solution, thereby reducing the weight and volume of the electric turntable, which is not only conducive to the smooth rotation of the turntable 2, but also simplifies the assembly and adjustment process of the electric turntable, thereby improving the production efficiency of the electric turntable.

[0045] It should be noted that the present application is described in a progressive manner in the several embodiments shown above, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. It should also be noted that in the text description of the present application, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is such an actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Further, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other corresponding variants are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only these elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article or device; and, in the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0046] Furthermore, by implementing the several embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can implement or use the present application. Various modifications to the several embodiments described above will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments not shown without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the several embodiments described above, but rather is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An electric turntable, used in an optical microscope, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base, a central controller, a rotating shaft, a turntable, a motor, a slave gear, a main gear, a first magnet, a second magnet, a Hall sensor component and a magnetic angle sensor component, one end of the rotating shaft is arranged on the base, the slave gear is sleeved on the other end of the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft, the turntable is arranged on the slave gear, and the turntable is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting optical elements spaced around the rotating shaft, the magnetic angle sensor component is arranged on the base, the motor is mounted on the base and is located on the magnetic angle sensor The main gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor and meshes with the slave gear. The first magnet is arranged on the side of the main gear away from the motor and corresponds to the magnetic angle sensor assembly. The second magnet is arranged on the turntable and close to the edge of the turntable. The Hall sensor assembly is mounted on the base and located above the edge of the turntable. The central controller is arranged on the base. The motor, the Hall sensor assembly and the magnetic angle sensor assembly are respectively communicatively connected to the central controller, wherein: The motor is used to drive the main gear and the first magnet to rotate synchronously, and to make the slave gear, the turntable and the second magnet rotate synchronously around the rotating shaft; The Hall sensor assembly is configured to sense changes in the magnetic field of the second magnet and output a start signal to the central controller when determining that the second magnet corresponds to itself; wherein the start signal indicates that each of the optical elements is in a start position; The magnetic angle sensor assembly is used to sense the change in the magnetic field of the first magnet and obtain a corresponding magnetic angle; wherein the magnetic angle is related to the rotation angle of the turntable; The central controller is used to control the motor according to the starting signal, the magnetic angle and a pre-stored positioning table to place the target optical element on the optical path of the optical microscope; wherein the positioning table includes the magnetic angle corresponding to each optical element when the multiple optical elements are placed on the optical path in sequence through the rotation of the turntable starting from the starting position.

2. The electric turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic angle sensor assembly includes a first substrate, on which a magnetic angle recognition circuit and a magnetic angle sensor are provided. The magnetic angle sensor corresponds to the first magnet, the magnetic angle sensor is electrically connected to the magnetic angle recognition circuit, and the magnetic angle recognition circuit is communicatively connected to the central controller, wherein: The magnetic angle sensor is configured to sense changes in the magnetic field of the first magnet and output a corresponding first voltage signal to the magnetic angle recognition circuit; The magnetic angle identification circuit is used to calculate the corresponding magnetic angle according to the first voltage signal and transmit the magnetic angle to the central controller.

3. The electric turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Hall sensor assembly includes a second substrate, a Hall element, and a position identification circuit. The Hall element and the position identification circuit are both disposed on the second substrate. The Hall element is electrically connected to the position identification circuit, and the position identification circuit is communicatively connected to the central controller, wherein: The Hall element is used to sense the change in the magnetic field of the second magnet and output a corresponding second voltage signal to the position recognition circuit; The position recognition circuit is configured to output a start signal to the central controller when it is determined, based on the second voltage signal, that the second magnet corresponds to the Hall element.

4. The electric turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turntable is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves spaced apart around the rotating shaft, the positioning grooves being close to the edge of the turntable, and the plurality of positioning grooves respectively corresponding to the plurality of mounting holes; The electric turntable also includes a bearing assembly, which is mounted on the base. The bearing in the bearing assembly is in contact with the upper surface of the turntable. The bearing is used to roll on the turntable and fall into the positioning groove when the turntable rotates; wherein the mounting hole corresponding to the positioning groove in which the bearing falls is located on the optical path.

5. The electric turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turntable is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks spaced around the rotating shaft, the positioning blocks are close to the edge of the turntable, the positioning blocks are provided with positioning grooves, and the plurality of positioning blocks respectively correspond to the plurality of mounting holes; The electric turntable also includes a bearing assembly, which is mounted on the base. The bearing in the bearing assembly is located above the edge of the turntable, and the bearing is used to fall into the positioning groove during the rotation of the turntable; wherein the mounting hole corresponding to the positioning groove in which the bearing falls is located on the optical path.

6. The electric turntable according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both opposite ends of the positioning block have inclined surfaces for guiding the bearing to fall into the positioning groove.

7. The electric turntable according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The bearing assembly also includes a mounting seat and a cross bar. The mounting seat is arranged on the base, one end of the cross bar is arranged on the mounting seat, and the other end is located above the edge of the turntable. The bearing sleeve is arranged on the end of the cross bar away from the mounting seat and is rotatably engaged with the cross bar.

8. The electric turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc length between the centers of any two adjacent mounting holes on the slave gear is smaller than the circumference of the master gear.

9. An electric turntable, used in an optical microscope, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base, a central controller, a rotating shaft, a turntable, a motor, a slave gear, a main gear, a first magnet, a second magnet, a Hall sensor assembly and a magnetic angle sensor assembly, wherein one end of the rotating shaft is arranged on the base, the slave gear is sleeved on the other end of the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft, the turntable is arranged on the slave gear, and the turntable is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting optical elements spaced around the rotating shaft, the motor is mounted on the base, the main gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor and meshes with the slave gear, the first magnet is arranged in the middle of the turntable, the magnetic angle sensor assembly is mounted on the base and located above the first magnet, the second magnet is arranged on the turntable and close to the edge of the turntable, the Hall sensor assembly is mounted on the base and located above the edge of the turntable, the central controller is arranged on the base, the motor, the Hall sensor assembly and the magnetic angle sensor assembly are respectively communicatively connected to the central controller, wherein: The motor is used to drive the main gear to rotate and make the slave gear, the turntable, the first magnet and the second magnet rotate synchronously around the rotating shaft; The Hall sensor assembly is configured to sense changes in the magnetic field of the second magnet and output a start signal to the central controller when determining that the second magnet corresponds to itself; wherein the start signal indicates that each of the optical elements is in a start position; The magnetic angle sensor assembly is used to sense the change in the magnetic field of the first magnet and obtain a corresponding magnetic angle; wherein the magnetic angle is related to the rotation angle of the turntable; The central controller is used to control the motor according to the starting signal, the magnetic angle and a pre-stored positioning table to place the target optical element on the optical path of the optical microscope; wherein the positioning table includes the magnetic angle corresponding to each optical element when the multiple optical elements are placed on the optical path in sequence through the rotation of the turntable starting from the starting position.

10. An optical microscope, characterized in that It includes the electric turntable according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or the electric turntable according to claim 9.

Images