Battery capable of inhibiting spreading of thermal runaway

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery capable of inhibiting the spreading of thermal runaway. The battery comprises a battery shell; the plurality of single batteries are arranged in the battery shell in sequence; the pressing device is arranged in the battery shell and is used for pressing and limiting each single battery body; and the isolation devices are arranged between the adjacent battery monomers and are used for bouncing off the adjacent battery monomers under the condition that the battery monomers are subjected to thermal runaway, temperature rise and expansion. The utility model can solve the technical problem in the prior art that the recovery rate of the battery after thermal runaway is reduced due to thermal runaway spread chain reaction of the battery caused by the fact that the battery monomer subjected to thermal runaway cannot be effectively separated from the adjacent healthy battery monomer when the battery pack is subjected to thermal runaway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery thermal runaway propagation suppression, in particular to a battery capable of suppressing thermal runaway propagation. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries are currently the primary energy source for electric vehicles due to their high specific energy, low self-discharge rate, and long cycle life. With the widespread adoption of lithium batteries in electric vehicles, safety incidents, particularly thermal runaway, have become common. These incidents typically manifest as a sudden rise in battery temperature, smoke, or fire.

[0003] The battery recovery rate is low after thermal runaway. This is because when the battery pack thermally runs away, the thermally runaway battery cells "contaminate" the adjacent healthy batteries through heat spread, thereby causing a thermal runaway propagation chain reaction, which greatly reduces the battery recovery rate after thermal runaway occurs, resulting in energy waste and increased costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a battery that suppresses the spread of thermal runaway, so as to solve the technical problem in the existing technology that when the battery pack thermal runaway occurs, the battery cells experiencing thermal runaway cannot be effectively separated from the adjacent healthy battery cells, causing the battery to have a thermal runaway propagation chain reaction, resulting in a reduced battery recovery rate after thermal runaway occurs.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is a battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway, comprising:

[0006] Battery housing;

[0007] A plurality of battery cells are arranged in sequence in the battery housing;

[0008] A pressing device, which is provided in the battery housing and is used to press and limit the position of each battery cell; and

[0009] The isolation device is provided between adjacent battery cells and is used to eject adjacent battery cells when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway and temperature increase and expansion.

[0010] Furthermore, the isolation device includes a push plate, an elastic member and a buckle. There are two push plates and they are symmetrically arranged. The elastic member is arranged between the two push plates. The buckle is used to fix the two push plates tightly to compress the elastic member between the two push plates.

[0011] Furthermore, the push plate includes an inner plate and an outer plate, the outer plate is provided with a cavity, the cavity is adapted to the inner plate, and the inner plate is installed in the cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner plates are provided with mounting grooves, and both ends of the elastic member are fixedly connected in the mounting grooves of the two inner plates respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, a snap groove is provided on the side wall of the outer plate, and a first protrusion and a second protrusion are provided on the snap. The first protrusion and the second protrusion are respectively installed in the snap grooves of the two outer plates to tightly fix the two push plates.

[0014] Furthermore, the buckle is made of paraffin.

[0015] Furthermore, the pressing device includes a hydraulic rod and a limiting plate, one end of the hydraulic rod is connected to the inner wall of the battery housing, and the other end is connected to the limiting plate, and the limiting plate is in contact with the battery cell.

[0016] Furthermore, the limiting plate is provided with a pressure sensor for collecting the pressure conducted by the battery cell.

[0017] From the above technical solution, it can be seen that the beneficial technical effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0018] The present invention proposes a battery that suppresses the spread of thermal runaway. By arranging an isolation device between adjacent battery cells, when a single cell or multiple battery cells undergo thermal runaway and heat up and expand, the battery cell undergoing thermal runaway can be bounced and isolated from the adjacent healthy battery cells, so that the battery cell undergoing thermal runaway cannot come into contact with the healthy battery cells, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the battery cell undergoing thermal runaway contaminating the adjacent healthy battery cells through heat spread. In this way, the technical problem existing in the prior art that when the battery pack undergoes thermal runaway, the battery cell undergoing thermal runaway cannot be effectively separated from the adjacent healthy battery cells, causing a thermal runaway propagation chain reaction in the battery, thereby reducing the recovery rate of the battery after the thermal runaway occurs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an isolation device in an open state provided for a battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a close-fitting state of an isolation device provided for a battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure of an isolation device provided for a battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a buckle structure provided for a battery that suppresses the spread of thermal runaway according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 A top view of a battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] Battery housing 1, battery cell 2, isolation device 3, push plate 31, inner plate 311, mounting groove 3111, outer plate 312, cavity 3121, snap groove 3122, elastic member 32, snap 33, first protrusion 331, second protrusion 332, pressing device 4, hydraulic rod 41, limit plate 42. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which this utility model belongs.

[0030] The invention aims to solve the technical problem in the prior art that when a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the battery cells experiencing thermal runaway cannot be effectively separated from the adjacent healthy battery cells, causing a chain reaction of thermal runaway propagation in the battery, thereby reducing the recovery rate of the battery after thermal runaway occurs.

[0031] This embodiment is preferred, as Figure 1 , provides a battery capable of suppressing the spread of thermal runaway, comprising:

[0032] The battery housing 1 is used to protect the external structure of the internal components of the battery and ensure that the battery cells 2 operate in a relatively safe environment.

[0033] There are multiple battery cells 2, which are arranged in sequence in the battery housing 1. When the battery is in normal working condition, they serve as the main energy storage units in the battery and are arranged in sequence in the battery housing 1 to maximize energy density and efficiency.

[0034] The isolation device 3 is provided between each adjacent battery cell 2 and is used to bounce the adjacent battery cells 2 apart when the battery cell 2 heats up and expands due to thermal runaway, thereby preventing the battery cell 2 in thermal runaway from transferring heat to the adjacent battery cell 2 through direct contact or thermal radiation, thereby preventing the spread of thermal runaway.

[0035] The clamping device 4 is arranged in the battery housing 1 and is used to compress and limit each of the battery cells 2. When the battery is in normal working condition, the clamping device 4 ensures that the battery cells 2 are stably arranged in the battery housing 1 to prevent them from shifting due to vibration or other factors. When one or several battery cells 2 are in a thermal runaway state, the isolation device 3 pops open the adjacent battery cells 2. The clamping device 4 is configured to allow this pop-up action to occur, thereby reserving pop-up space for the battery cells 2 while maintaining compression and limitation on other battery cells 2.

[0036] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, Figures 2 to 4 The isolation device 3 includes a push plate 31, an elastic member 32 and a buckle 33. There are two push plates 31 and they are symmetrically arranged. The elastic member 32 is arranged between the two push plates 31. The buckle 33 is used to fix the two push plates 31 tightly to compress the elastic member 32 between the two push plates 31. The two push plates 31 are fixed tightly by the buckle 33, and the elastic member 32 is compressed between the two push plates 31. When the battery cell 2 has thermal runaway, the buckle 33 responds and releases the push plate 31. The elastic member 32 pushes the push plate 31 to move in the process of restoring its original shape, thereby popping the adjacent battery cells 2 apart.

[0037] This embodiment is preferred, as Figure 4 The push plate 31 includes an inner plate 311 and an outer plate 312. The outer plate 312 is provided with a cavity 3121. The cavity 3121 is adapted to the inner plate 311. The inner plate 311 is installed in the cavity 3121. Through the nested structure of the inner and outer plates 312, the battery cell 2 can effectively push the adjacent battery cells 2 apart in the event of thermal runaway. Among them, the inner plate 311 serves as the force-bearing part, and the outer plate 312 provides installation and protection. The cooperation of the inner and outer plates 312 ensures that the adjacent battery cells 2 can be pushed apart quickly and accurately in the event of thermal runaway, thereby preventing the spread of thermal runaway.

[0038] Further, such as Figure 4The inner plate 311 is provided with a mounting groove 3111, and the two ends of the elastic member 32 are respectively fixedly connected in the mounting grooves 3111 of the two inner plates 311. Therefore, when the two push plates 31 are fixed tightly together by the buckles 33, the two mounting grooves 3111 are close to each other to form a mounting cavity 3121, so that the elastic member 32 can be accommodated in the mounting groove 3111.

[0039] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 The side wall of the outer plate 312 is provided with a snap groove 3122, and the snap 33 is provided with a first protrusion 331 and a second protrusion 332. The first protrusion 331 and the second protrusion 332 are respectively installed in the snap grooves 3122 of the two outer plates 312 to tightly fix the two push plates 31. In this embodiment, by providing the snap groove 3122 on the outer plate 312 and providing the first protrusion 331 and the second protrusion 332 matching the snap groove 3122 on the snap 33, the two push plates 31 can be stably fixed. When the battery cell 2 thermally runs away, the snap 33 can quickly respond and release the push plate 31, providing conditions for the elastic member 32 to push away the adjacent battery cell 2, thereby effectively preventing the spread of thermal runaway and improving the safety of the battery.

[0040] In this embodiment, the material of the clip 33 is preferably a fusible material, and in this embodiment, paraffin is preferably used. Therefore, when in use, under normal working conditions, the clip 33 can remain in a solid state and stably fix the two push plates 31 together. When the battery cell 2 has thermal runaway, the temperature of the battery will rise rapidly. Since the melting point of paraffin is relatively low, when the ambient temperature reaches or exceeds the melting point of paraffin, the paraffin clip 33 will melt, and its solid structure and fixing effect will fail, resulting in the fixation between the two push plates 31 being released. The elastic member 32 originally compressed between the push plates 31 will release its compression energy, and the elastic force of the elastic member 32 will act on the push plate 31, causing the push plate 31 to move along the set direction, thereby pushing away the adjacent battery cells 2, thereby preventing the further spread of thermal runaway.

[0041] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, Figure 1The clamping device 4 includes a hydraulic rod 41 and a limiting plate 42, one end of the hydraulic rod 41 is connected to the inner wall of the battery housing 1, and the other end is connected to the limiting plate 42, and the limiting plate 42 is in contact with the battery cell 2. The pressure applied to the battery cell 2 by the hydraulic rod 41 and the limiting plate 42 is used to limit the battery cells 2 arranged in sequence. When thermal runaway occurs, the hydraulic rod 41 can adjust its length and reduce its length to pull the push plate 31 in the direction away from the battery cell 2, thereby providing conditions for the isolation device 3 between the battery cells 2 to spring open, that is, to reserve spring-opening space; further, the limiting plate 42 is provided with a pressure sensor for collecting the pressure conducted by the battery cell 2, so as to collect pressure data, evaluate the health status of the battery, predict potential safety risks and optimize the battery, and analyze the pressure data of the battery to timely discover and solve potential problems and improve the safety and reliability of the battery during operation.

[0042] That is, this embodiment provides a battery that suppresses the spread of thermal runaway. By arranging an isolation device 3 between adjacent battery cells 2, when a single cell or multiple battery cells 2 experience thermal runaway and heat up and expand, the battery cell 2 experiencing thermal runaway can be separated and isolated from the adjacent healthy battery cells 2, so that the battery cell 2 experiencing thermal runaway cannot come into contact with the healthy battery cell 2, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the battery cell 2 experiencing thermal runaway contaminating the adjacent healthy battery cell 2 through heat spread. This solves the technical problem in the prior art that when the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the battery cell 2 experiencing thermal runaway cannot be effectively separated from the adjacent healthy battery cell 2, causing a thermal runaway propagation chain reaction in the battery, resulting in a reduced battery recovery rate after thermal runaway occurs.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway, characterized in that: include: Battery housing; A plurality of battery cells are arranged in sequence in the battery housing; A pressing device, which is provided in the battery housing and is used to press and limit the position of each battery cell; and The isolation device is provided between adjacent battery cells and is used to eject adjacent battery cells when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway and temperature increase and expansion.

2. The battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation device includes a push plate, an elastic member and a buckle. There are two push plates and they are symmetrically arranged. The elastic member is arranged between the two push plates. The buckle is used to fix the two push plates tightly to compress the elastic member between the two push plates.

3. The battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The push plate includes an inner plate and an outer plate. The outer plate is provided with a cavity. The cavity is adapted to the inner plate, and the inner plate is installed in the cavity.

4. The battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner plates are provided with mounting grooves, and the two ends of the elastic member are respectively fixedly connected in the mounting grooves of the two inner plates.

5. The battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway according to claim 3, characterized in that: A buckle groove is provided on the side wall of the outer plate, and a first protrusion and a second protrusion are provided on the buckle. The first protrusion and the second protrusion are respectively installed in the buckle grooves of the two outer plates to tightly fix the two push plates.

6. The battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buckle is made of paraffin wax.

7. The battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing device includes a hydraulic rod and a limiting plate. One end of the hydraulic rod is connected to the inner wall of the battery housing, and the other end is connected to the limiting plate. The limiting plate is in contact with the battery cell.

8. The battery for suppressing the spread of thermal runaway according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting plate is provided with a pressure sensor for collecting the pressure conducted by the battery cell.

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