Double-effect evaporator

Abstract

The double-effect evaporator comprises a first-effect heating chamber and a second-effect heating chamber, the first-effect heating chamber comprises an upper sealing cover, a middle shell and a lower sealing cover, the upper sealing cover, the lower sealing cover and the middle shell are connected in a fastened mode through bolts to form a closed cavity, sealing partition plates are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the middle shell, and the sealing partition plates are detachably connected with the middle shell. The upper sealing partition plate and the lower sealing partition plate are provided with a plurality of through holes for the heating pipes to penetrate through and to be sealed and limited, the interiors of the heating pipes are communicated with inner cavities of the upper sealing cover and the lower sealing cover, the sealing structure of the heating chamber is improved, the problem that steam and materials are mixed is solved, sealing stability is enhanced, and meanwhile the modular detachable design is adopted. The sealing partition plate and the heating pipe are convenient to disassemble, maintain and clean.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a double-effect evaporator. Background Art

[0002] Double-effect evaporation is two single-effect evaporators connected in series. With the development of society, double-effect evaporators have been put into use on a large scale. In the heating chamber of a traditional evaporator, the tube sheet and the intermediate shell are mostly fixed by welding or simple bolts. The sealing structure is simple and relies only on gaskets or welded surfaces for sealing. When the equipment operates under high temperature and high pressure for a long time, thermal expansion and contraction can easily cause deformation of the sealing surface, causing steam to enter the material cavity or material to mix with the steam side. This not only causes thermal damage and reduces heat exchange efficiency, but also may contaminate the material. At the same time, existing sealing partitions and heating tubes are mostly fixed connections, which require complete disassembly or even cutting for maintenance. If the seals age or the components are fouled, the entire assembly needs to be replaced, resulting in high maintenance costs and difficulty in cleaning. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the background technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a double-effect evaporator, in which the sealing structure of the heating chamber is improved, the problem of mixing of steam and material is solved, and the sealing stability is enhanced. At the same time, a modular and detachable design is implemented, and the sealing partition and heating tube are easy to disassemble, which facilitates maintenance and cleaning.

[0004] To this end, the utility model adopts the following technical solution: a double-effect evaporator, including a first-effect heating chamber and a second-effect heating chamber, characterized in that: the first-effect heating chamber and the second-effect heating chamber both include an upper cover, an intermediate shell and a lower cover, the upper cover and the lower cover are fastened to the intermediate shell by bolts to form a closed cavity, the upper and lower ends of the intermediate shell are provided with sealing partitions, the sealing partitions are detachably connected to the intermediate shell, and the upper and lower sealing partitions are provided with multiple through holes for heating pipes to pass through and seal and limit, and the interiors of the multiple heating pipes are connected to the inner cavities of the upper cover and the lower cover.

[0005] Furthermore, the inner side walls at both ends of the intermediate shell are provided with step surfaces, and the side walls of the step surfaces are circumferentially distributed with multiple grooves, and vertical through grooves are provided between adjacent grooves. The vertical through grooves are connected to the grooves, and the upper ends of the vertical through grooves are connected to the annular grooves, and the annular grooves are distributed on the upper and lower end surfaces of the intermediate shell.

[0006] Furthermore, the side wall of the sealing partition is provided with a transverse groove corresponding to the card slot, the upper end of the sealing partition is provided with a guide groove, the upper end of the guide groove is removable with an anti-seepage block, the bottom of the guide groove is connected to the transverse groove through a through groove, and the upper end surface of the through groove is provided with special-shaped limit grooves at both the head and tail, and a sealing block is slidably connected to the transverse groove. A push rod is fixed to the end of the sealing block away from the card slot, the push rod vertically penetrates the through groove and is connected to a special-shaped card block through a vertical sliding sleeve. After the sealing block is pushed toward the card slot by the push rod and abuts against the side wall of the card slot, the special-shaped card block is clamped and limited with the corresponding special-shaped limit groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the upper cover and the lower cover are provided with vertical clamping blocks corresponding to the vertical through grooves, the outer end surfaces of the vertical clamping blocks are provided with sealing gasket layers, and annular sealing gaskets are provided corresponding to the annular grooves.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of single-bow-shaped baffles are provided in the intermediate shell, and the baffles are installed between the upper and lower sealing partitions through multiple pull rods and multiple-section distance tubes. One end of the pull rod is threadedly connected to one of the sealing partitions, and a distance tube is provided on the pull rod. Baffles are provided between adjacent distance tubes, and the other end of the pull rod passes through the sealing partition and is connected to the nut.

[0009] Furthermore, both upper and lower ends of the heating tube are provided with external threads, and the external threads are threadedly connected with nuts.

[0010] Furthermore, the side wall of the intermediate shell near the top is provided with a steam inlet, the lower cover is provided with a raw material inlet, the upper cover is provided with a discharge port, and the side wall of the intermediate shell near the bottom is provided with a condensate discharge port.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a first-effect evaporation chamber, a second-effect evaporation chamber, and a condensation chamber. The feed inlet of the first-effect evaporation chamber is connected to the discharge port of the first-effect heating chamber, the secondary steam outlet of the first-effect evaporation chamber is connected to the steam inlet of the second-effect heating chamber, and the discharge port of the first-effect evaporation chamber is connected to the raw material inlet of the second-effect heating chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the feed inlet of the second-effect evaporation chamber is communicated with the discharge outlet of the second-effect heating chamber, and the steam outlet of the second-effect evaporation chamber is communicated with the condensation chamber.

[0013] Beneficial effects: 1. In the prior art, the sealing partition and the intermediate shell of the heating chamber are mostly connected by welding or simple bolts, which easily causes problems such as steam entering the material cavity or material mixing into the steam, which not only reduces the heat exchange efficiency but also may cause safety hazards; the present application is optimized through multiple sealing structures, including the sealing block abutting the card slot to cooperate with the sealing gasket layer, the vertical card block being inserted into the through groove to cooperate with the sealing gasket layer, and the annular groove being provided with an annular sealing gasket, forming radial and axial double seals, thereby preventing steam and material from mixing from the source.

[0014] 2. The double limitation of the special-shaped block and the limiting groove, and the vertical block and the through groove can prevent the sealing partition from being displaced due to vibration or temperature change, further ensuring the sealing stability, thereby reducing the leakage rate and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0015] 3. In the prior art, sealing baffles, heating tubes, etc. are mostly fixedly connected. When scaling, corrosion or aging of the seals occur, they need to be disassembled as a whole or even replaced, which is costly and difficult to clean. However, the present application adopts a modular detachable design, which makes it easy to disassemble the sealing baffles and heating tubes without cutting or destructive operations. At the same time, the sealing gasket layer, annular sealing gaskets and other wearing parts can be replaced separately without replacing the baffles or intermediate shells, which is easy to maintain and reduce costs, and is also convenient for cleaning individual components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a double-effect evaporator;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the heating chamber;

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the interior of the heating chamber;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing partition and heating tube;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the lower cover;

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the sealing partition;

[0022] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle.

[0023] Figure numerals: 1. First-effect heating chamber; 2. Second-effect heating chamber; 3. Upper cover; 31. Discharge port; 4. Intermediate shell; 41. Steam inlet; 42. Condensate discharge port; 5. Lower cover; 51. Raw material inlet; 6. Sealing partition; 61. Horizontal groove; 62. Guide groove; 63. Sealing block; 64. Anti-seepage block; 65. Push rod; 66. Heteromorphic block; 67. Sleeve; 68. Heteromorphic limiting groove; 7. Through hole; 8. Step surface; 9. Slot; 10. Vertical through groove; 11. Annular groove; 12. Vertical block; 13. Sealing gasket; 14. Annular sealing gasket; 15. Baffle; 16. Pull rod; 17. Distance tube; 18. Heating tube; 19. First-effect evaporation chamber; 20. Second-effect evaporation chamber; 21. Condensation chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the utility model, the following is a detailed description of the specific implementation method, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0025] Refer to Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the utility model provides a double-effect evaporator, including a single-effect heating chamber 1 and a second-effect heating chamber 2, the single-effect heating chamber 1 and the second-effect heating chamber 2 both include an upper cover 3, an intermediate shell 4 and a lower cover 5, the upper cover 3 and the lower cover 5 are fastened to the intermediate shell 4 by bolts to form a closed cavity, the upper and lower ends of the intermediate shell 4 are provided with sealing partitions 6, the sealing partitions 6 are used to prevent the media from mixing, the sealing partitions 6 and the intermediate shell 4 are detachably connected, the upper and lower sealing partitions 6 are provided with a plurality of through holes 7 for heating pipes 18 to pass through and to be sealed and limited, the interiors of the plurality of heating pipes 18 are connected with the inner cavities of the upper cover 3 and the lower cover 5, the upper cover and the lower cover 5 form a space for the flow of tube-side fluid with the interior of the heating pipes 18, the intermediate shell 4 and the sealing partition 6 form a space for the flow of shell-side fluid, the tube-side fluid is liquid material, and the shell-side fluid is steam, and during the flow of steam, heat is transferred to the liquid material through the heating pipes 18 to complete heat exchange.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figure 5 、 Figure 7As shown, the inner sidewalls of the intermediate housing 4 are provided with stepped surfaces 8 at both ends. Multiple slots 9 are circumferentially distributed along the sidewalls of the stepped surfaces 8. Vertical through-slots 10 are provided between adjacent slots 9. The vertical through-slots 10 communicate with the slots 9, and their upper ends communicate with annular grooves 11. Annular grooves 11 are distributed along the upper and lower end surfaces of the intermediate housing 4. Transverse grooves 61 are provided on the sidewalls of the sealing bulkhead 6, corresponding to the slots 9. A guide groove 62 is provided at the upper end of the sealing bulkhead 6. A removable anti-seepage block 64 is located at the upper end of the guide groove 62. The bottom of the guide groove 62 communicates with the transverse groove 61 through a through-slot. Special-shaped retaining grooves 68 are provided at both the head and tail ends of the through-slot. A sealing block 63 is slidably connected to the transverse groove 61. A push rod 65 is fixed to the end of the sealing block 63 away from the slot 9. The push rod 65 extends vertically through the through-slot and is connected to a special-shaped retaining block at its head via a vertical sliding sleeve 67. The special-shaped retaining block and the special-shaped retaining groove 68 have the same shape and can be polygonal, such as a triangle, a quadrilateral, or a hexagon. When the sealing block 63 needs to be inserted into the slot 9, the anti-seepage block 64 is first taken out, and the special-shaped block is pulled up to disengage from the special-shaped limiting groove 68 at the tail. After disengagement, the push rod 65 moves the sealing block 63 toward the slot 9, and the push rod 65 moves along the length of the through groove. When the sealing block 63 moves to abut against the side wall of the slot 9, the special-shaped block engages with the special-shaped limiting groove 68 at the head to achieve positioning, and the anti-seepage block 64 is re-engaged in the upper end of the guide groove 62 to seal the guide groove 62. The anti-seepage block 64 is made of elastic material. Then, vertical blocks 12 are provided in the upper cover 3 and the lower cover 5 corresponding to the vertical through groove 10. The vertical blocks 12 are inserted into the vertical through groove 10 to further limit the circumferential rotation of the sealing partition 6 and ensure the stability of the position of the sealing partition 6. The vertical clamping block 12 and the sealing block 63 are provided with a sealing gasket layer 13 on the outer end surface. By setting the vertical clamping block 12 and the sealing block 63, the sealing of the sealing partition 6 and the side wall of the intermediate shell 4 is achieved, preventing the steam of the intermediate shell 4 from escaping into the chamber of the upper cover 3 and the lower cover 5. In order to ensure the sealing between the heating chamber and the outside, the annular groove 11 is provided with an annular sealing gasket 14 to further prevent steam and materials from flowing out. The above structure ensures the sealing of the heating chamber during operation; during later maintenance and cleaning, the above structure can be disassembled for easy removal and cleaning, avoiding dirt accumulation that affects the heat transfer efficiency, and the assembly process is also convenient and quick, without tedious steps, and the sealing gasket layer 13 and the annular sealing gasket 14 can be easily replaced after long-term use, without the need to replace the entire component, thereby reducing costs.

[0027] like Figure 3As shown, the intermediate shell 4 is provided with a plurality of baffles 15, which are fixed to the heating chamber by tie rods 16 and distance tubes 17. The tie rods 16 are round steel with threads at both ends, one end of which is threaded onto the sealing partition 6. The distance tubes are steel pipes that are sleeved onto the tie rods 16. The distance tubes 17 are sleeved onto the tie rods 16, and the baffles 15 pass through the tie rods 16. The baffles abut against the distance tubes 17, and then the next distance tube and baffle 15 are sleeved. The distance between two adjacent baffles 15 is determined by the distance tubes 17. When all baffles 15 and distance tubes 17 are installed, the other end of the tie rod 16 passes through the sealing partition 6 and is screwed with a nut. Tightening the nut generates tension, which firmly secures all baffles 15 and distance tubes 17 together. The baffles 15 are in the shape of a single bow and are provided with through holes 7 for the heating tubes 18 to pass through. The heating tube 18 is provided with external threads at both the upper and lower ends, and the external threads are threadedly connected with nuts, which limit the position of the heating tube 18. A sealing gasket is provided between the nut and the sealing partition 6.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a steam inlet 41 is provided on the side wall near the top of the intermediate shell 4, a raw material inlet 51 is provided on the lower cover 5, a discharge port 31 is provided on the upper cover 3, and a condensate discharge port 42 is provided on the side wall near the bottom of the intermediate shell 4. Steam enters the intermediate shell 4 and laterally flushes the tube bundle under the guidance of the baffle 15, transferring heat to the material in the tube through the tube wall. The material absorbs heat and heats up, continuously evaporating water. The steam releases heat and condenses into liquid, which is discharged through the condensate discharge port 42. The material is continuously heated while flowing in the tube, and finally enters the evaporation chamber from the discharge port 31 of the upper cover 3 for vapor-liquid separation.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the double-effect evaporator also includes a first-effect evaporation chamber 19, a second-effect evaporation chamber 20, and a condensing chamber 21. The feed port of the first-effect evaporation chamber 19 is connected to the discharge port 31 of the first-effect heating chamber 1, the discharge port 31 of the first-effect evaporation chamber 19 is connected to the raw material inlet 51 of the second-effect heating chamber 2, the feed port of the second-effect evaporation chamber 20 is connected to the discharge port 31 of the second-effect heating chamber 2, the steam outlet of the second-effect evaporation chamber 20 is connected to the condensing chamber 21, and a drain port is provided at the bottom of the second-effect evaporation chamber 20. During operation, raw steam is introduced into the first-effect heating chamber 1 to heat the raw material to form a mixture which is then introduced into the first-effect evaporation chamber 19. The first-effect evaporation chamber 19 separates the raw material into secondary steam and a preliminary concentrated liquid. The preliminary concentrated liquid enters the second-effect heating chamber 2, and the secondary steam enters the second-effect heating chamber 2. The secondary steam is used to reheat the preliminary concentrated liquid to form a vapor-liquid mixture, including tertiary steam and a final concentrated liquid. The tertiary steam is introduced into the condensing chamber 21 for condensation, and the final concentrated liquid is collected through the drain port. The chambers are connected by pumps and / or pipes.

Claims

1. A double-effect evaporator comprising a first-effect heating chamber (1) and a second-effect heating chamber (2), characterized in that: The first-effect heating chamber (1) and the second-effect heating chamber (2) both comprise an upper cover (3), an intermediate shell (4) and a lower cover (5); the upper cover (3) and the lower cover (5) are fastened to the intermediate shell (4) by bolts to form a closed cavity; the upper and lower ends of the intermediate shell (4) are both provided with sealing partitions (6); the sealing partitions (6) are detachably connected to the intermediate shell (4); the upper and lower sealing partitions (6) are provided with a plurality of through holes (7) for heating tubes (18) to pass through and to be sealed and limited; the interiors of the plurality of heating tubes (18) are communicated with the inner cavities of the upper cover (3) and the lower cover (5).

2. The double-effect evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner sidewalls at both ends of the intermediate shell (4) are provided with stepped surfaces (8), a plurality of slots (9) are circumferentially distributed on the sidewalls of the stepped surface (8), vertical through slots (10) are provided between adjacent slots (9), the vertical through slots (10) are communicated with the slots (9), and the upper ends of the vertical through slots (10) are communicated with an annular groove (11), and the annular grooves (11) are distributed on the upper and lower end surfaces of the intermediate shell (4).

3. The double-effect evaporator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the sealing partition (6) is provided with a transverse groove (61) corresponding to the card slot (9), the upper end of the sealing partition (6) is provided with a guide groove (62), the upper end of the guide groove (62) is detachably provided with an anti-seepage block (64), the bottom of the guide groove (62) is connected to the transverse groove (61) through a through groove, the head and tail of the upper end surface of the through groove are provided with special-shaped limiting grooves (68), the transverse groove (61) is slidably connected with a sealing block (63), the end of the sealing block (63) away from the card slot (9) is fixed with a push rod (65), the push rod (65) vertically penetrates the through groove and is connected to the special-shaped card block through a vertical sliding sleeve (67), and the sealing block (63) is pushed by the push rod (65) to move toward the card slot (9) and abut against the side wall of the card slot (9), and then the special-shaped card block is engaged and limited with the corresponding special-shaped limiting groove (68).

4. The double-effect evaporator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper cover (3) and the lower cover (5) are provided with vertical clamping blocks (12) corresponding to the vertical through grooves (10); the outer end surfaces of the vertical clamping blocks (12) are provided with sealing pad layers (13); and an annular sealing gasket (14) is provided corresponding to the annular grooves (11).

5. The double-effect evaporator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The intermediate shell (4) is provided with a plurality of single-bow-shaped baffles (15), and the baffles (15) are installed between the upper and lower sealing partitions (6) through a plurality of tie rods (16) and a plurality of distance tubes (17). One end of the tie rod (16) is threadedly connected to one of the sealing partitions (6), and a distance tube (17) is sleeved on the tie rod (16). The baffles (15) are sleeved between adjacent distance tubes (17), and the other end of the tie rod (16) passes through the sealing partition (6) and is connected to a nut.

6. The double-effect evaporator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heating tube (18) is provided with external threads at both the upper and lower ends, and the external threads are threadedly connected with nuts.

7. The double-effect evaporator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side wall of the intermediate shell (4) near the top is provided with a steam inlet (41), the lower cover (5) is provided with a raw material inlet (51), the upper cover (3) is provided with a discharge port (31), and the side wall of the intermediate shell (4) near the bottom is provided with a condensate discharge port (42).

8. The double-effect evaporator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a first-effect evaporation chamber (19), a second-effect evaporation chamber (20), and a condensation chamber (21); the feed port of the first-effect evaporation chamber (19) is communicated with the discharge port (31) of the first-effect heating chamber (1); the secondary steam outlet of the first-effect evaporation chamber (19) is communicated with the steam inlet (41) of the second-effect heating chamber (2); and the discharge port (31) of the first-effect evaporation chamber (19) is communicated with the raw material inlet (51) of the second-effect heating chamber (2).

9. The double-effect evaporator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feed port of the second-effect evaporation chamber (20) is communicated with the discharge port (31) of the second-effect heating chamber (2), and the steam outlet of the second-effect evaporation chamber (20) is communicated with the condensation chamber (21).

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