Derrick structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a derrick structure which comprises a derrick body, a racking platform, a hoisting mechanism, a cage ladder platform assembly and an adjusting support assembly, the derrick body comprises a section IV, a section III, a section II, a section I and a base section which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the section I, the section II and the section III are of foldable structures, and every two adjacent sections are connected through a pin shaft; the hoisting mechanism is arranged on the base section, and two hydraulic winches are used for hoisting the sections to working positions according to the sequence of the section IV, the section III, the section II and the section I through steel wire ropes and pulleys; the cage ladder platform assembly comprises two sets of ladder systems, and ladders on the two sides can reach a racking platform and a crown block platform from a drilling platform face. The section I, the section II and the section III are transported in a folding manner, so that the use size of the derrick is ensured, and the transportation size is met; the crown block and the derrick IV section are integrally installed and transported, the base section is transported in a sheet mode, and other sections are folded and transported; the derrick is manually synchronized through the lifting puffers on the two sides, and eccentric wear in the derrick lifting process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of oil and natural gas drilling, in particular to a derrick structure. Background Art

[0002] In the field of oil and gas drilling, vertical lifting derricks, compared with rotary K-type derricks, have a smaller footprint, a more compact structure, and lower transportation size and cost. They are especially suitable for mountainous environments with limited size, hilly areas with complex terrain, and densely populated areas with high land use costs.

[0003] The modular design, modular transportation, and key components of the derrick structure, including rapid assembly and disassembly of modules, are of great significance for reducing the number of derrick transport modules and improving the efficiency of integrated transportation and disassembly and installation.

[0004] The main structure of the existing upright set derrick is that each section is welded into a door frame. The transportation size limits the size of the derrick frame. The derrick cross-section is small and cannot be adapted to automated equipment such as top drives. The transportation size is large and cannot be adapted to areas with complex terrain. The degree of modularity is not high, and loading during transportation is slow. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a derrick structure which is easy to disassemble and assemble, easy to transport, easy to lift, and adaptable to various well sites.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a derrick structure, characterized in that it includes a derrick body, a second-floor platform, a lifting mechanism, a cage ladder platform assembly and an adjustable support assembly, the derrick body includes section IV, section III, section II, section I and a base section arranged in sequence from top to bottom, section IV is an integral welded structure with detachable guide rails on both sides; section I, section II and section III are foldable structures, and adjacent sections are connected by pin shafts; the lifting mechanism is arranged on the base section, and two hydraulic winches are used to lift each section to a working position through wire ropes and pulleys in the order of section IV, section III, section II and section I; the second-floor platform is installed between section I and the base section; the cage ladder platform assembly includes two sets of ladder systems, and the ladders on both sides start from the drilling table and can reach the second-floor platform and the overhead traveling crane platform; the adjustable support assembly is located at the bottom of the derrick to ensure that the center of the derrick overhead traveling crane is aligned with the center of the wellhead.

[0007] Preferably, the base section includes a single piece of the derrick, a back connecting frame and a diagonal rod, and the left and right pieces of the derrick are fixedly connected by a first back crossbeam, a second back crossbeam and a back connecting frame. A first diagonal brace is provided between the first back crossbeam and the second back crossbeam, and a second diagonal brace is provided between the second back crossbeam and the back connecting frame.

[0008] Preferably, a lifting limit device is provided on the front and rear columns of the base section, which has three functions: full opening, anti-overlifting and anti-slipping; the load is transmitted between section I and the base section through the locking pin block, and the latch plate is rotated by flipping the latch plate by the handle of the pin withdrawal device, thereby supporting section I of the derrick.

[0009] As a preferred option, section IV is the uppermost section of the derrick, with the upper end connected to the crown block and the lower end connected to section III; when lifting, it is hoisted as a whole with the crown block and directly hoisted into the base section; section IV is made of H-shaped steel as the main material, with rectangular tubes and angle steels as auxiliary materials, the middle body adopts a truss welded structure, and the guide rails on both sides are connected to the derrick body with double pins to ensure the stability of the guide rails.

[0010] Preferably, section II is the middle section, which adopts a foldable structure. The main material is H-shaped steel, and rectangular tubes and angle steels are auxiliary materials. The left and right pieces are welded as a whole and connected in the middle with a double pin shaft.

[0011] The beneficial effects achieved by the utility model are:

[0012] 1. Meet the transportation size: Sections I, II, and III are folded for transportation to ensure that the derrick's operating size meets the transportation size;

[0013] 2. Compact structure: The overhead crane and derrick IV section are installed and transported as a whole, the base section is transported in pieces, and the remaining sections are folded for transportation;

[0014] 3. Adjustable hoisting synchronization: The derrick is manually synchronized by lifting small winches on both sides to reduce eccentric wear during the derrick hoisting process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1-2 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 3-4 This is a structural diagram of the derrick body;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a working state diagram of the lifting limit device;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking pin device;

[0019] Figure 7-8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of segment IV;

[0020] Figure 9-11 It is the structural diagram of section II;

[0021] Figure 12-13 is a structural diagram of the base segment;

[0022] Figure 14-15 It is a structural diagram of the adjustment support assembly;

[0023] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cage ladder platform assembly;

[0024] In the figure: 1-Crown block; 2-Mast body; 3-Second-level platform; 4-Lifting mechanism; 5-Riser; 6-Cage ladder platform assembly; 7-Drilling platform; 8-Adjusting gasket; 9-Mast mounting support; 21-Section IV; 22-Section III; 23-Section II; 24-Section I; 25-Base; 26-Hinged seat; 27-Lifting limit device; 28-Locking pin device; 211-Lifting ear; 212-Removable guide rail; 213-Section VI body; 214-Connecting pin shaft; 215-Auxiliary winch pulley seat; 216-Locking pin block; 217-Locking pin block; 218-Lifting lug; 231-Left single piece; 232-Right single piece; 233-Hooking pin; 234-Connecting ear plate; 235-Lifting Ear; 236-locking pin block; 237-lifting eye; 238-hook ear plate; 239-connecting pin; 2310-rotating pin; 251-derrick single piece; 252-lifting small winch; 253-front leg; 254-connecting rod; 255-back crossbeam I; 256-guide wheel I; 257-guide wheel II; 258-first diagonal brace; 259-locking pin device; 2510-back crossbeam II; 2511-second diagonal brace; 2512-back connecting frame; 61-IV section ladder; 62-III section ladder; 63-II section ladder; 64-I section ladder; 65-top platform of base; 66-base ladder; 67-locking pin platform; 68-winch platform; 69-lower ladder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1-16As shown, a derrick structure of the present invention includes a derrick body 2, a second-level platform 3, a lifting mechanism 4, a cage ladder platform assembly 6 and an adjustable support assembly. The derrick body 2 includes, from top to bottom, a IV section 21, a III section 22, a II section 23, a I section 24 and a base section 25. The IV section 21 is an integrally welded structure with detachable guide rails on both sides; the I section 24, the II section 23 and the III section 22 are foldable structures, and adjacent sections are connected by pins. The lifting mechanism 4 is provided on the base section 25, and two hydraulic winches are used to lift each section to the working position through wire ropes and pulleys in the order of section IV 21, section III 22, section II 23, and section I 24; the second-level platform 3 is installed between section I 24 and the base section 25; the cage ladder platform assembly 6 includes two sets of ladder systems, and the ladders on both sides start from the drilling platform 7 and can reach the second-level platform 3 and the crown block platform; the adjustment support assembly is located at the bottom of the derrick to ensure that the center of the derrick crown block is aligned with the center of the wellhead.

[0027] The derrick structure of this utility model is a front-opening, untethered K-shaped derrick constructed primarily of H-shaped steel. It primarily comprises a derrick body 2, a second-level platform 3, a hoisting mechanism 4, a cage ladder platform assembly 6, and a riser and adjustable support assembly. The derrick body 2 is a vertically telescopic structure, raised in sections. The hoisting mechanism 4 is located on a base section 25. Two hydraulic winches, using a wire rope and pulley system, raise each section to its working position, in the order of Section IV 21, Section III 22, Section II 23, and Section I 24.

[0028] Combine Figure 3-4 In this embodiment, the derrick body 2 consists of five sections: section IV 21, section III 22, section II 23, section I 24, and base section 25. Section IV 21 is a single-piece welded structure with removable rails on both sides. Sections I 24, II 23, and III 22 are foldable structures, connected by pins. The base section 25 consists of two left and right frame members, a back connecting frame, and diagonal braces. The straight sections are connected by bolts, and the lower diagonal section is connected by pins.

[0029] Combine Figure 5 As shown, the front and rear columns of the derrick base section 25 are provided with a lifting limit device 27, which has three states and functions: fully open, anti-overlift, and anti-slip. Figure 6 As shown, the load is transmitted between the derrick section I 24 and the base section 25 through eight locking pin blocks, and the latch plate 282 is flipped by the handle 281 of the pin withdrawal device 28 to rotate the latch plate, thereby supporting the derrick section I 24.

[0030] Combine Figure 7-8 As shown, the derrick section IV 21 is the uppermost section of the derrick, with the upper end connected to the crown block (bolt connection) and the lower end connected to other sections of the derrick (pin connection). When hoisted, it is hoisted as a whole with the crown block and directly hoisted into the derrick base section 25.

[0031] Section IV 21 is made of H-shaped steel as the main material, rectangular tubes and angle steel as auxiliary materials. The middle body adopts a truss welded structure, and the guide rails on both sides are connected to the derrick body with double pins to ensure the stability of the guide rails.

[0032] Combine Figure 9-11 As shown, the derrick section II 23 is the middle section, which can be used as a standard section to increase the section so that the derrick can adapt to the arrangement of 3 drill pipes (about 28 meters).

[0033] The derrick II section 23 is a foldable structure, the main material is H-shaped steel, and rectangular tubes and angle steels are auxiliary materials. The left and right single pieces (231, 232) are welded as a whole, and connected in the middle by a double pin shaft (connecting pin 239 and rotating pin 2310), so that the section can be rotated and folded, so that the section can be transported as a whole without being completely disassembled, realizing fast movement and fast installation.

[0034] The derrick base section 25 serves as the load-bearing and important lifting section of the entire derrick. It is the core load-bearing component of the derrick and its main functions are:

[0035] A. Connecting the drilling platform

[0036] B. Lifting other sections of the derrick

[0037] C. Carrying derrick load

[0038] D. Ensure the stability of the derrick superstructure

[0039] The rear legs of the derrick base section 25 are welded from H-shaped steel, the front legs are made of large-section rectangular tubes, the back connecting frame 12 is made of H-shaped steel, and is connected to the rear legs by (but not limited to) bolts, and is connected to the back diagonal braces (the first diagonal brace 258 and the second diagonal brace 2511) by pins; the front and rear legs of the derrick base section 25 are connected to the derrick articulated seat 26 by pins, and the articulated seat 26 is connected to the drilling platform 7 by bolts.

[0040] The adjustment support assembly, located at the bottom of the derrick, consists of an adjustment base (derrick mounting base 9) and an adjustment pad 8. The adjustment pad 8 has three sets of U-shaped slots, allowing it to be inserted between the adjustment base and the derrick support of the drilling platform. By adding adjustment pads 8 of varying thickness, the center of the derrick crown is ensured to align with the wellhead center.

[0041] This well is equipped with two ladder systems. Both ladders, starting from the drill floor, reach the second-level platform and the overhead crane platform. Three platforms are installed on base section 25: the winch platform 68, the locking pin operating platform 67, and the base section top platform 65. With the exception of the derrick base section 25 (base ladder 65), the other ladder sections (Section IV ladder 61, Section III ladder 62, Section II ladder 63, and Section I ladder 64) were transported and installed with the derrick sections.

[0042] The installation process of the derrick structure of the present invention is as follows:

[0043] 1. Assembly of base section

[0044] 1) Assemble the derrick base installation platform;

[0045] 2) The left and right pieces of the derrick base are hoisted onto the platform in sequence and connected with tie rods;

[0046] 3) Install lifeline;

[0047] 4) Install the top platform and ladder of the base;

[0048] 5) Install the foundation platforms, foundation ladders, lifting fixed pulley blocks (which will be transported with the derrick after the initial installation), etc.

[0049] 6) Turn over the derrick base: remove the process inclined rods, turn over the derrick base and stand it on the ground;

[0050] 2. Deployment of sections I, II and III of the derrick body

[0051] The main body sections I, II and III adopt auxiliary tooling for folding / unfolding, which consists of an L-shaped frame, a set of pulley mechanisms, a power mechanism and steel cables;

[0052] 3. Remove the protective boots of sections I, II and III;

[0053] 4. Install the adjustment support assembly

[0054] Install the four sets of derrick supports on the mounting base on the drilling floor and fasten them with bolts and double nuts. To ensure accurate installation later, the dimensions of the four adjustment bases should be checked.

[0055] 5. Install the base section

[0056] 1) Use a crane to hoist the turned-over base section assembly to the derrick mounting support on the drilling floor, align the pin holes, and connect them using the pin shaft;

[0057] 2) Adjust the base section by adding or removing pads to ensure that the rear column with guide wheels on the base section is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, with a non-perpendicularity of less than 3mm (checked with a theodolite). At the same time, ensure that the difference in the center diagonals of the four latch plate holes is less than 5mm.

[0058] 6. Install the introduction bracket

[0059] Install the lead-in bracket according to the lead-in bracket diagram. After installation, measure the left and right guide rails to ensure they are on the same horizontal plane with a non-planarity of less than 5mm.

[0060] 7. Install and adjust the lifting device

[0061] 1) Install the hydraulic system of the lifting device, install the operating box assembly on the drilling floor, connect various hydraulic pipeline joints and connect them to the drilling platform hydraulic main station; when operating the derrick lifting device, the driller must observe the instrument on the operating table and read the requirements and performance of each component manual before operating it;

[0062] 2) Add hydraulic oil;

[0063] 3) Start the hydraulic system;

[0064] 4) Adjust the pressure of the hydraulic system;

[0065] 5) Install the lifting rope;

[0066] 8. Derrick hoisting

[0067] 1.1. Lifting the IV section and the overhead crane;

[0068] 1.1.1. Operate the four locking pins to open position to prevent interference between the locking pins and the main components of each section during subsequent lifting;

[0069] 1.1.2. Turn over the derrick section IV and the overhead crane (including the crane frame);

[0070] 1.1.3. Vertically hoist Section IV together with the overhead crane into the derrick base section, so that the guide rails are guided into the guide wheels (at least two guide wheels are inside the guide rails);

[0071] 1.1.4. The crane continues to slowly lift the derrick section IV;

[0072] 1.1.5. Operate the lifting limit device to prevent the derrick from over-lifting, so as to avoid over-lifting;

[0073] 1.1.6. When the lifting is completed and the locking pin block contacts the lifting limit device, operate the locking pin to work;

[0074] 1.1.7. Lower the IV section (including the overhead crane and the IV section) with the crane so that the limit block of the IV section of the derrick presses on the locking pin block;

[0075] 1.1.8. Operate the lifting limit device to place it in the anti-slip position of the derrick to prevent the main body of the derrick from moving upward.

[0076] 1.1.9. Operate the hydraulic winch control box to lower the lifting pulley block and the lifting rope. Connect the double lugs at the bottom of the lifting pulley block to the single lugs on both sides of the lower part of the derrick section IV. Insert the pins and align them.

[0077] 1.2. Introduce Section III and lift Section IV

[0078] 1.2.1. Hoist the derrick section III horizontally onto the lead-in support, ensuring that the derrick section III is aligned with the guide rail and the rotating shaft connected to the hook is on the hook path; connect the auxiliary guide chain of the hydraulic winch on the drilling floor to the derrick section III;

[0079] 1.2.2. Operate the lifting limit device to the fully open position;

[0080] 1.2.3. Lift the derrick section IV and simultaneously operate the control box handle to the lifting position. The two winches will then lift the derrick synchronously.

[0081] Note: During the lifting process, the driller must observe the instrument on the operating console and the upper and lower gaps between the derrick and the guide rails to determine whether the derrick is lifting synchronously. If a large synchronization error occurs, the lifting speed of the left and right sides should be adjusted in time to ensure synchronous lifting.

[0082] Operate the four locking pins to open position to prevent interference between the locking pins and the main components during subsequent lifting;

[0083] 1.2.4. When lifting the derrick section IV, the shaft of section III is hooked onto the hook at the front end of the derrick section IV;

[0084] 1.2.5. The crane only holds the two lifting points at the lower part of the middle section. When lifting the derrick section IV, section III should be out of contact with the track surface of the lead-in support.

[0085] 1.2.6. Continue to lift mast section IV while using the guide chain to assist in pulling the mast toward the winch, slowly bringing mast section III close to vertical. Meanwhile, personnel on the locking platform observe and, when the side column in the middle of the mast body (the third side column from the bottom) passes the locking platform, operate the lifting limit device to prevent overlift.

[0086] 1.2.7. When the lifting is completed and the locking pin block contacts the lifting limit device, operate the locking pin to the working position;

[0087] 1.2.8. Simultaneously operate the control box handle to the lowering position. The two winches will then lower the IV section synchronously, so that the limit block below the derrick IV section presses on the locking pin block.

[0088] Note: During the lowering process, the driller must observe the instrument on the operating console and the upper and lower gaps between the derrick and the guide rails to determine whether the derrick is lowered synchronously. If there is a large synchronization error, the lowering speed of the left and right sides should be adjusted in time to ensure synchronous lowering.

[0089] 1.2.9. Operate the lifting limit device to place it in the anti-swaying position of the derrick to prevent the main body of the derrick from moving upward;

[0090] 1.2.10. Insert two sets of front leg pins into the pin holes of the connecting ear plates of the two sections of the derrick; insert two sets of rear leg pins into the pin holes;

[0091] 1.2.11. Remove the fixing pins of the cage ladder guard;

[0092] 1.2.12. Remove the connection between the lifting pulley block and Section IV. Operate the hydraulic winch control box to lower the lifting pulley block and the hoisting rope. Connect the double lugs at the bottom of the lifting pulley block to the single lugs on both sides of the lower section of the derrick III, and insert the pins.

[0093] 1.3. Introduce Section II and lift Section III

[0094] Same method as 1.2

[0095] 1.4. Introduce section I and lift section II

[0096] Same method as 1.2

[0097] 1.5. Lifting stage I

[0098] 1.5.1. Remove the connection between the lifting pulley block and Section II. Operate the hydraulic winch control box to lower the lifting pulley block and the hoisting rope. Connect the double lugs at the bottom of the lifting pulley block to the single lugs on both sides of the lower section of the derrick I, and insert the pins.

[0099] 1.5.2. Repeat steps 1.2.2-1.2.3 to raise the derrick section I;

[0100] 1.5.4. When the locking pin block is about 300mm past the preset stop point, operate the locking pin to the working position and repeat the steps in 1.2.8 to stop the derrick section I at one of the two preset stop points on the derrick.

[0101] 1.5.3. Install the second-tier platform;

[0102] 1.5.4 Lifting into place

[0103] Repeat steps 1.2.2-1.2.3 to continue lifting derrick section I. Meanwhile, the personnel on the locking platform observe that when the side column in the middle of the derrick body (the third side column from the bottom) passes the locking platform, they operate the lifting limit device to prevent overlift. Repeat steps 1.2.7-1.2.9 to complete the derrick hoist.

[0104] It should be noted that the above description of the technical solution is illustrative only. This specification may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limiting the technical solution set forth herein. Rather, these descriptions are provided to ensure that the disclosure of this utility model is thorough and complete and to fully convey the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the technical solution of this utility model is limited only by the scope of the claims.

[0105] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely representative examples of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and is susceptible to numerous variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A derrick structure, characterized in that: It includes the derrick body, the second-floor platform, the lifting mechanism, the cage ladder platform assembly and the adjustment support assembly. The derrick body includes section IV, section III, section II, section I and the base section arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Section IV is an integral welded structure with detachable guide rails on both sides; section I, section II and section III are foldable structures, and adjacent sections are connected by pins; the lifting mechanism is arranged on the base section, and two hydraulic winches are used to lift each section to the working position through wire ropes and pulleys in the order of section IV, section III, section II and section I; the second-floor platform is installed between section I and the base section; the cage ladder platform assembly includes two sets of ladder systems, and the ladders on both sides start from the drilling table and can reach the second-floor platform and the overhead crane platform; the adjustment support assembly is located at the bottom of the derrick to ensure that the center of the derrick overhead crane is aligned with the center of the wellhead.

2. The derrick structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base section includes a single piece of the derrick, a back connecting frame and a diagonal tie rod. The left and right pieces of the derrick are fixedly connected by a first back crossbeam, a second back crossbeam and a back connecting frame. A first diagonal brace is provided between the first back crossbeam and the second back crossbeam, and a second diagonal brace is provided between the second back crossbeam and the back connecting frame.

3. The derrick structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear columns of the base section are equipped with lifting limit devices, which have three functions: full opening, anti-overlifting and anti-slipping; the load is transmitted between section I and the base section through the locking pin block, and the latch plate is rotated by flipping the latch plate by the handle of the pin withdrawal device, thereby supporting section I of the derrick.

4. The derrick structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Section IV is the uppermost section of the derrick, with the upper end connected to the crown block and the lower end connected to Section III. When lifting, it is hoisted as a whole with the crown block and directly hoisted into the base section. Section IV is made of H-shaped steel as the main material, with rectangular tubes and angle steel as auxiliary materials. The middle body adopts a truss welded structure, and the guide rails on both sides are connected to the derrick body with double pins to ensure the stability of the guide rails.

5. The derrick structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Section II is the middle section, which adopts a foldable structure. The main material is H-shaped steel, and rectangular tubes and angle steels are auxiliary materials. The left and right pieces are welded as a whole and connected in the middle with a double pin shaft.

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