Anti-dazzle glass and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and particularly relates to anti-dazzle glass and a photovoltaic assembly, the anti-dazzle glass comprises at least two layers of glass, the two adjacent layers of glass are bonded into a whole through a bonding layer, the top layer of glass is a first glass layer, first concave-convex structures are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the first glass layer, and second concave-convex structures are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the first glass layer; a layer of antireflection film is plated on the first concave-convex structure, and second concave-convex structures or second prismatic structures are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the first glass layer; the bottom glass is a second glass layer, first prismatic structures are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the second glass layer, and third prismatic structures or third concave-convex structures are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the second glass layer. The concave-convex structure on the first glass layer and the prismatic structure on the second glass layer are combined to change the direct incidence path of light, so that not only can the anti-dazzle effect be achieved, but also the light transmittance can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to an anti-glare glass and a photovoltaic assembly. Background Art

[0002] The photovoltaic industry has experienced rapid growth in recent years, encompassing an ever-expanding range of applications, including rooftop applications for distributed photovoltaics, BAPV, and BIPV. BIPV, a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) solution, has become particularly popular. These applications integrate photovoltaic modules into the building structure, placing higher demands on these modules. They must ensure safety while generating more power and enhancing their appearance. In certain applications, traditional photovoltaic modules, due to their smooth, flat front glass, experience significant glare when sunlight strikes the module surface due to strong specular reflection. In areas like highways, airports, and building facades, where light pollution is a concern and even the slightest inattention can lead to accidents, anti-glare design is a key consideration for photovoltaic modules. To ensure the safety of both personnel and the surrounding environment and mitigate the harmful effects of glare, anti-glare glass and components are increasingly being used in these applications.

[0003] Secondly, inside the components, PID aging will also have very serious consequences for the attenuation of photovoltaic components. The so-called PID, also known as potential induced degradation, has a mechanism of occurrence as follows: when photovoltaic components are stored in an outdoor environment, water vapor in the atmosphere will enter the components from the component backplane or junction box diode and react with the adhesive film used for curing. The adhesive films we commonly use are mostly EVA materials (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film), which contain acetate groups. When exposed to water, the covalent bonds are separated and hydrolyzed to form acetic acid. The acetate ions react with the alkaline substances in the glass to precipitate sodium ions. The sodium ions cover the battery cells, causing electrical accumulation and a decrease in potential difference, thereby causing the performance of the photovoltaic cells to deteriorate. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides an anti-glare glass and a photovoltaic assembly to solve at least one technical problem in the above background technology.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide an anti-glare glass, comprising at least two layers of glass, wherein two adjacent layers of glass are bonded together by an adhesive layer, wherein:

[0006] The top layer of glass is a first glass layer, the upper surface of the first glass layer is evenly distributed with a first concave-convex structure, and the first concave-convex structure of the first glass layer is coated with an anti-reflection film;

[0007] The bottom layer of glass is a second glass layer. The upper surface of the second glass layer is evenly distributed with first prismatic structures. The first prismatic structures are different in shape from the first concave-convex structures.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower surface of the first glass layer is evenly distributed with a second concave-convex structure; the grooves of the first concave-convex structure are arranged opposite to the grooves of the second concave-convex structure, and the protrusions of the first concave-convex structure are arranged opposite to the protrusions of the second concave-convex structure, or

[0009] The grooves of the first concave-convex structure and the grooves of the second concave-convex structure are staggered, and the convexities of the first concave-convex structure and the convexities of the second concave-convex structure are staggered.

[0010] Furthermore, the width of the protrusions of the first concave-convex structure is greater than the width of the grooves of the first concave-convex structure.

[0011] Furthermore, a third concave-convex structure is evenly distributed on the lower surface of the second glass layer, and the convex width of the third concave-convex structure is smaller than the groove width of the third concave-convex structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the convex upper surface of the first concave-convex structure and the lower surface of the third concave-convex structure are both planes.

[0013] Furthermore, the first glass layer is a tempered glass layer, and the second glass layer is an aluminosilicate glass layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the bonding layer is plastic glue.

[0015] Furthermore, the roughness of the upper surface of the first glass layer is 100-300 nm.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module, including a laminate and a module frame, the laminate is formed by a cell layer and two pieces of anti-glare glass such as any one of the above items, and the upper and lower surfaces of the cell layer are respectively in contact and connected with the side of the second glass layer of the two pieces of anti-glare glass facing away from the first glass layer.

[0017] Furthermore, the component frame includes a frame body, the frame body forms a cavity structure, the cavity structure has a first side wall and a second side wall arranged opposite to each other, a first contact surface is formed on the first side wall, and a second contact surface is formed on the second side wall, and the first contact surface and the second contact surface are both concave-convex surfaces adapted to the first concave-convex structure.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] (1) The anti-glare glass of the present application comprises at least two layers of glass, wherein a first concave-convex structure is uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the first glass layer, the first concave-convex structure is used to reduce the directionality of light, and has a good anti-glare effect, and a layer of anti-reflection film is coated on the first concave-convex structure of the first glass layer, the main function of the anti-reflection film is to reduce reflected light, improve the light transmittance of the glass and reduce glare; a first prismatic structure is uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the second glass layer, the main function of the first rhombus structure is to refract light when it is irradiated thereon, thereby increasing the refractive index; the present application combines the first concave-convex structure with the first prismatic structure to change the direct path of light, which can not only achieve the anti-glare effect, but also increase the light transmittance.

[0020] (2) The second glass layer of the present application is an aluminosilicate glass layer, which is the layer closest to the cell. The performance of the aluminosilicate glass layer is similar to that of the tempered glass layer, but the aluminosilicate glass layer does not contain NA ions, which reduces the risk of PID. In addition, the prismatic structure provided on the aluminosilicate glass layer further reduces the occurrence of dizziness.

[0021] (3) The component frame of the present application includes a frame body, which forms a cavity structure. The cavity structure has a first side wall and a second side wall that are relatively arranged. A first contact surface is formed on the first side wall, and a second contact surface is formed on the second side wall. The first contact surface and the second contact surface are both concave-convex surfaces that are compatible with the first concave-convex structure. The edge of the laminate is embedded in the cavity structure, and the upper and lower surfaces of the laminate are in contact with the first contact surface and the second contact surface respectively. Since the upper and lower surfaces of the laminate are both one side of the first concave-convex structure of the first glass layer, the relatively arranged concave-convex structures fit together to improve the stability of the photovoltaic laminate after installation, prevent the photovoltaic laminate from detaching from the frame, and ensure safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the anti-glare glass provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the component frame structure provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 This is the glass light refraction diagram of this application.

[0030] Among them: 1-first glass layer, 11-first concave-convex structure, 111-groove, 112-protrusion, 12-second concave-convex structure, 13-second prismatic structure, 2-adhesive layer, 3-second glass layer, 31-first prismatic structure, 32-third concave-convex structure, 33-third prismatic structure, 4-cell layer, 5-component frame, 51-cavity structure, 52-first side wall, 53-second side wall, 54-third side wall, 55-fixed layer, 56-glue storage tank, 57-inclined surface, 58-glue overflow tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The following is combined with Figure 1 The present invention is described in detail in Appendix 7 and specific embodiments.

[0033] like Figure 1-7As shown, the utility model provides an anti-glare glass, comprising at least two layers of glass, wherein the adjacent two layers of glass are bonded together by an adhesive layer 2, wherein: the top layer of glass is a first glass layer 1, and the upper surface of the first glass layer 1 is evenly distributed with a first concave-convex structure 11, the first concave-convex structure 11 is used to reduce the directionality of light and has an anti-glare effect, and the first concave-convex structure 11 of the first glass layer 11 is coated with an anti-reflection film (not shown in the figure), the main function of the anti-reflection film is to reduce the reflected light on the surface of the transparent material, improve the light transmittance of the glass and reduce glare, and the anti-reflection film can be selected from silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide , zinc sulfide, etc. To achieve the best anti-reflection effect, the thickness of these materials is precisely controlled and they are usually deposited on the upper surface of the first glass layer by physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), or sol-gel methods to form an anti-reflection film. The bottom glass is the second glass layer 3, and the upper surface of the second glass layer 3 is evenly distributed with first prismatic structures 31. The first prismatic structures 31 are different in shape from the first concave-convex structures 11. The main function of the first prismatic structures 31 is to refract and reflect light when it is irradiated, thereby increasing light transmittance. The present application combines the first concave-convex structures 11 with the first prismatic structures 31 to change the direct path of light, thereby achieving an anti-glare effect and increasing light transmittance.

[0034] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 The anti-glare glass comprises two layers of glass stacked one above the other. A second concave-convex structure 12 is evenly distributed on the lower surface of the first glass layer 1, and a third prismatic structure 33 is evenly distributed on the lower surface of the second glass layer 3. A bonding layer 2 is provided between the second concave-convex structure 12 on the lower surface of the first glass layer 1 and the first prismatic structure 31 on the upper surface of the second glass layer 3. It is understood that the anti-glare effect is best when the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection are 60°, and the concave-convex structure is the shape that generates the most light at 60°. Therefore, providing the first concave-convex structure 31 on the upper and lower surfaces of the first glass layer 1 can achieve a good anti-glare effect. Although the concave-convex structure has a good anti-glare effect, its light transmittance is relatively low. To improve the light transmittance of the glass, the first prismatic structure 31 is designed on the upper surface of the second glass layer 3. The prismatic structure has a better refraction effect on light. Therefore, the combination of the first concave-convex structure 11 of the first glass layer 1 and the first prismatic structure 31 of the second glass layer 3 in this application can achieve both anti-glare and high light transmittance. In this application, the concave-convex structures on the upper and lower surfaces of the first glass layer 1 are not specifically limited. Figure 1 In the embodiment, the grooves on the upper surface of the first glass layer 1 are arranged opposite to the grooves on the lower surface, and the protrusions on the upper surface are arranged opposite to the protrusions on the lower surface; and Figure 3In the embodiment, the grooves on the upper surface of the first glass layer 1 are staggered with the grooves on the lower surface, and the protrusions on the upper surface are staggered with the protrusions on the lower surface.

[0035] In other embodiments, see Figure 4 The anti-glare glass includes two layers of glass. The second prismatic structure 13 is evenly distributed on the lower surface of the first glass layer 1. The first concave-convex structure 11 on the upper surface of the first glass layer 1 and the second prismatic structure 13 on the lower surface are matched to increase the refractive index and reduce the reflection effect of light, while also having a good anti-glare effect. The third concave-convex structure 32 is evenly distributed on the lower surface of the second glass layer 3, and the lower surface of the second glass layer 3 is the surface in contact with the battery layer 4. The third concave-convex structure 32 is provided mainly because the weight of the glass may cause the battery layer 4 to break. Placing the third concave-convex structure 32 on the bottom layer can reduce the contact area between the second glass layer 3 and the battery layer 4, and reduce the breakage rate. The second prismatic structure 13 on the lower surface of the first glass layer 1 and the first prismatic structure 31 on the upper surface of the second glass layer 3 are provided between the bonding layer 2, and the bonding layer 2 can be made of resin material. Preferably, the first prism structure 31 on the second glass layer 3 of the present application is a triangular prism structure. The triangular prism structure can be incident from one end and then emitted from the other end after multiple internal reflections, which can eventually lead to dispersion and increase transmittance.

[0036] The glass light refraction diagram of this application is as follows Figure 7 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that part of the light incident from the surface of the first concave-convex structure 11 will be reflected, and most of the light will be refracted into the lower surface of the first glass layer 1; the light entering the lower surface of the first glass layer 1 will be reflected and refracted, and the reflected light will reach the upper surface of the first glass layer 1 again for secondary reflection, and the refracted light enters the second glass layer 3. The concave-convex structure can reflect the light multiple times, thereby improving the anti-glare effect; and the incident light penetrating the battery layer 4 is refracted on the third prismatic structure 33 and the second prismatic structure 13 of the second glass layer 3 in sequence to enter the first glass layer 1 and then reflected into the second glass layer 3, which not only greatly improves the utilization rate of light, but also the prismatic structure has a high refractive index and good light transmittance.

[0037] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the specific shapes of the first concave-convex structure 11, the second concave-convex structure 12, the third concave-convex structure 32, the first prismatic structure 31, the second prismatic structure 13, and the third prismatic structure 33. The combination of concave-convex structures and prismatic structures of different shapes has different anti-glare effects. Those skilled in the art can design them according to the light conditions. Optionally, the first concave-convex structure 11, the second concave-convex structure 12, and the third concave-convex structure 32 are all grooves and protrusions arranged in an alternating manner, and the first prismatic structure 31, the second prismatic structure 13, and the third prismatic structure 33 are all triangular prismatic structures, but are not limited to this.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first glass layer 1 is a tempered glass layer, which has sufficient compressive strength to ensure that the solar cell is not easily damaged in harsh environments. The second glass layer 3 is an aluminosilicate glass layer. Aluminosilicate glass layers have similar performance to tempered glass layers and both have sufficient strength. However, the aluminosilicate glass layer does not contain sodium ions, which reduces the risk of PID. It is known that if sodium ions are deposited on the solar cell, it will cause electrical accumulation and reduce the potential difference, thereby reducing the performance of the photovoltaic cell. However, by using glass that does not contain sodium ions, the risk of PID is reduced, ensuring the stability of the solar cell performance during long-term use.

[0039] In some embodiments, the adhesive layer 2 is plastic glue, the main component of which is modified acrylate, which has a light transmittance of 90% and has excellent properties such as high temperature resistance and waterproofness.

[0040] Specifically, in the present application, the roughness of the upper surface of the first glass layer 1 is 100-300 nm. By increasing the surface roughness of the first glass layer 1 to form the first concave-convex structure 31, the directionality of light is reduced and the anti-dizziness effect is improved.

[0041] In some embodiments, the convex width of the third concave-convex structure 32 is smaller than the concave width of the third concave-convex structure 32 , which can further reduce the contact area between the second glass layer 3 and the cell layer 4 and reduce the probability of fragmentation.

[0042] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 The first concave-convex structure 11 on the upper surface of the first glass layer 1 includes alternating grooves 111 and protrusions 112. The width of the protrusions 112 is greater than the width of the grooves 111, and the upper surface of the protrusions 112 is flat. In this embodiment, the compressive strength of the glass surface can be improved by increasing the area of ​​the protrusions 112 on the upper surface of the first glass layer 1.

[0043] See Figures 2 to 6 The utility model also provides a photovoltaic module, including a laminate and a module frame, wherein the laminate is composed of two pieces of anti-glare glass of any one of the above items and a battery layer, and the upper and lower surfaces of the battery layer 4 are respectively in contact with the side of the second glass layer 3 of the two pieces of anti-glare glass facing away from the first glass layer 1, and are connected into one through a certain process.

[0044] See Figure 5The component frame 5 is used to install the above-mentioned laminate. The component frame 5 includes a frame body, and the frame body forms a cavity structure 51. The cavity structure 51 has a first side wall 52 and a second side wall 53 that are relatively arranged. A first contact surface is formed on the first side wall 51, and a second contact surface is formed on the second side wall 52. The first contact surface and the second contact surface are both concave-convex surfaces that are compatible with the first concave-convex structure 11. The edge of the laminate is embedded in the cavity structure 51, and the upper and lower surfaces of the laminate are in contact with the first contact surface and the second contact surface respectively. Since the upper and lower surfaces of the laminate are both one side of the first concave-convex structure of the first glass layer 1, the contact of the relatively arranged first concave-convex structures 11 can improve the stability of the laminate after installation and prevent the laminate from detaching from the component frame.

[0045] Specifically, the cavity structure 51 also includes a third side wall 54 connected to the first side wall 52 and the second side wall 53 respectively. The part of the third side wall 54 connected to the first side wall 52 is a positioning part, and a fixing layer 55 is provided on the positioning part. The fixing layer 55 is preferably foam cotton. After the photovoltaic laminate is embedded in the cavity structure 51, it is bonded with the foam cotton to reinforce the photovoltaic laminate; the part of the third side wall 54 connected to the second side wall 53 is a glue storage part, and the glue storage part is recessed inward to form a glue storage tank 56. The glue storage tank 56 is used to hold glue and increase the glue storage amount.

[0046] In this embodiment, the second side wall 53 is also provided with an inclined surface 57 connected to the second contact surface. The inclined surface 57 is located between the second contact surface and the glue storage groove 56, and is inclined upward in the direction of the second contact surface. The inclined surface 57 is connected to the glue storage groove 56 to form an inclined glue groove on the second side wall 53, which further increases the glue storage capacity and makes the installation of the photovoltaic laminate more stable.

[0047] In some embodiments, a glue overflow groove 58 is formed on one end of the second side wall 53 away from the third side wall 54 . The glue overflow groove 58 is also used to accommodate excess glue to prevent the glue from overflowing and contaminating the photovoltaic laminate.

[0048] See Figure 6 The edge of the laminate is embedded in the cavity structure 51, so that the first contact surface and the second contact surface of the cavity structure 51 are in contact with the first concave-convex structure 11 on the first glass layer 1 on the laminate respectively.

[0049] Since the photovoltaic assembly of this embodiment adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned anti-glare glass embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned anti-glare glass embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0050] The above further describes the present invention with the help of specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the specific description here should not be construed as limiting the essence and scope of the present invention. Various modifications made to the above embodiments by ordinary technicians in this field after reading this specification are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-glare glass, characterized in that: It comprises at least two layers of glass, with adjacent layers of glass bonded together by an adhesive layer, wherein: The glass on the top layer is a first glass layer, a first concave-convex structure is evenly distributed on the upper surface of the first glass layer, and an anti-reflection film is coated on the first concave-convex structure; The glass at the bottom layer is a second glass layer. First prismatic structures are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the second glass layer. The first prismatic structures are different in shape from the first concave-convex structures.

2. The anti-glare glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the first glass layer is evenly distributed with a second concave-convex structure; the grooves of the first concave-convex structure are arranged opposite to the grooves of the second concave-convex structure, and the protrusions of the first concave-convex structure are arranged opposite to the protrusions of the second concave-convex structure, or The grooves of the first concave-convex structure and the grooves of the second concave-convex structure are staggered, and the protrusions of the first concave-convex structure and the protrusions of the second concave-convex structure are staggered.

3. The anti-glare glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: A convex width of the first concave-convex structure is greater than a concave width of the first concave-convex structure.

4. The anti-glare glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third concave-convex structure is evenly distributed on the lower surface of the second glass layer, and a convex width of the third concave-convex structure is smaller than a concave width of the third concave-convex structure.

5. The anti-glare glass according to claim 4, characterized in that: The convex upper surface of the first concave-convex structure and the lower surface of the third concave-convex structure are both planes.

6. The anti-glare glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first glass layer is a tempered glass layer, and the second glass layer is an aluminosilicate glass layer.

7. The anti-glare glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bonding layer is plastic glue.

8. The anti-glare glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roughness of the upper surface of the first glass layer is 100-300 nm.

9. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The invention comprises a laminate and a component frame, wherein the laminate is formed by a cell layer and two pieces of anti-glare glass as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the upper and lower surfaces of the cell layer are respectively in contact with and connected to the side of the second glass layer of the two pieces of anti-glare glass facing away from the first glass layer.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The component frame includes a frame body, the frame body forms a cavity structure, the cavity structure has a first side wall and a second side wall arranged opposite to each other, a first contact surface is formed on the first side wall, and a second contact surface is formed on the second side wall, and the first contact surface and the second contact surface are both concave-convex surfaces adapted to the first concave-convex structure.

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