Airborne arc conformal antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of communication antennas, in particular to an airborne arc conformal antenna, which comprises a radiant panel, a dielectric plate, a grounding plate, a short circuit plate and a radio frequency connector, the inner cambered surface of the dielectric plate is connected with the outer cambered surface of the grounding plate, and the outer cambered surface of the dielectric plate is connected with the inner cambered surface of the radiant panel; the radiation plate comprises an upper surface metal layer, a lower surface metal layer and a quarter-wavelength short-circuit structure, the quarter-wavelength short-circuit structure comprises a radiation surface on the upper surface, a short-circuit surface on the lower surface and a feed disc, and the radiation surface and the short-circuit surface as well as the feed disc and the radiation surface are connected through corresponding metalized through holes; the first end of the short-circuit sheet is connected with the short-circuit surface, the second end of the short-circuit sheet is connected to the side face of the dielectric plate and connected with the grounding plate, the radio frequency connector is connected to the inner arc face of the grounding plate, and an inner conductor of the radio frequency connector sequentially penetrates through the grounding plate and the dielectric plate and is connected to the feed disc. According to the utility model, the length of the antenna is shortened, the requirement of small radiation window limitation of an aircraft can be met, and the working bandwidth of the antenna is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of communication antennas, and in particular to an airborne arc-shaped conformal antenna. Background Art

[0002] A conformal antenna is a planar antenna that is bent at an arbitrary arc and fitted to the surface of a target object. Conformal antennas can be divided into two categories: end-fire and broadside. End-fire refers to a radiation direction along the extension direction of the substrate, and broadside refers to a radiation direction perpendicular to the substrate. Currently, most conformal antennas use end-fire. Due to the limitations of the antenna structure, this type of antenna often has disadvantages such as complex structure and low gain. As for vertical radiating antennas, most antennas do not have conformal characteristics, and model distortion will occur after conformality. Conformable vertical radiating antennas generally use a single-layer patch structure, which has the disadvantages of narrow bandwidth and difficulty in miniaturization, and cannot meet the requirements of the small radiation window limit of the aircraft. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an airborne arc-shaped conformal antenna. The antenna radiating surface adopts a quarter-wavelength short-circuit structure, so that the antenna length is shortened, which can meet the requirements of the small radiation window limit of the aircraft. By increasing the width of the radiating surface and adopting a feeding disk feeding method, the working bandwidth of the antenna is expanded, so that it can meet the predetermined standing wave characteristics within the working frequency band, so as to solve the problem that the existing conformable vertical radiating antenna has a narrow bandwidth, is difficult to miniaturize, and cannot meet the requirements of the small radiation window limit of the aircraft.

[0004] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions: an airborne arc conformal antenna, comprising an arc radiating plate, an arc dielectric plate, an arc ground plate, a short-circuit plate and a radio frequency connector, wherein the inner arc surface of the arc dielectric plate is connected to the outer arc surface of the arc ground plate, and the outer arc surface of the arc dielectric plate is connected to the inner arc surface of the arc radiating plate;

[0005] The arc-shaped radiation plate includes an upper surface metal layer, a lower surface metal layer and a quarter-wavelength short-circuit structure, wherein the quarter-wavelength short-circuit structure includes a radiation surface etched on the upper surface metal layer, a short-circuit surface etched on the lower surface metal layer, a feeding plate etched on the lower surface metal layer, a first metallized through-hole connecting the radiation surface and the short-circuit surface, and a second metallized through-hole connecting the feeding plate and the radiation surface;

[0006] The first end of the short-circuit plate is connected to the short-circuit surface, the second end of the short-circuit plate is connected to the side of the arc-shaped dielectric plate and connected to the arc-shaped ground plate, the RF connector is connected to the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped ground plate, and the inner conductor of the RF connector passes through the arc-shaped ground plate and the arc-shaped dielectric plate in sequence and is connected to the feed plate.

[0007] According to a preferred embodiment, a first screw hole is opened at the edge of the arc-shaped radiation plate, and a second screw hole is opened on the arc-shaped dielectric plate corresponding to the first screw hole. The arc-shaped radiation plate and the arc-shaped dielectric plate are connected by fastening screws that are threadedly matched with the first screw hole and the second screw hole.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment, the inner curved surface of the arc-shaped radiation plate and the outer curved surface of the arc-shaped dielectric plate are bonded by adhesive.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, the arc-shaped grounding plate is composed of a grounding plate body and an arc-shaped raised plate protruding toward the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped dielectric plate. The arc-shaped raised plate is connected to the middle part of the outer arc surface of the grounding plate body, the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped push plate is connected to the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped dielectric plate, and an antenna mounting hole is opened at the edge of the grounding plate body.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, the short-circuit surface is etched on the edge of the lower surface metal layer in the width direction.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the feed pad is etched on a perpendicular bisector of a side edge in a width direction of the lower surface metal layer and is spaced apart from the short-circuit surface.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the surfaces of the radiation surface, the short-circuit surface and the feed plate are coated with an anti-corrosion layer.

[0013] The technical solution of an airborne arc-shaped conformal antenna provided by the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: (1) The conformal antenna is arc-shaped and has strong conformity with the aircraft's shape; (2) The arc-shaped dielectric plate adopts a material with a relatively high dielectric constant, and the radiating surface adopts a quarter-wavelength short-circuit structure, so that the antenna length is shortened and can meet the requirements of the aircraft's small radiation window limitation; (3) By increasing the thickness of the arc-shaped dielectric plate, increasing the width of the radiating surface, and adopting a feeding disk feeding method, the working bandwidth of the antenna is expanded, so that it can meet the predetermined standing wave characteristics within the working frequency band. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an airborne arc-shaped conformal antenna provided in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 A front view of the airborne arc conformal antenna provided in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 A top view of the airborne arc conformal antenna provided in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 A bottom view of the unfolded airborne arc conformal antenna provided in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a rear view of the airborne arc conformal antenna after deployment provided by Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a front view of the airborne arc conformal antenna after deployment provided by Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the inner curved surface of the curved radiation plate of the airborne curved conformal antenna provided in Example 1 of the present utility model after deployment;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded short-circuit sheet provided in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure markings: 100-RF connector, 200-arc-shaped radiation plate, 210-radiation surface, 211-feeding point, 212-short-circuit edge, 213-open edge, 214-first metallized through hole, 220-printed circuit board, 230-short-circuit surface, 240-feeding plate, 300-arc-shaped ground plate, 301-antenna mounting hole, 310-arc-shaped raised plate, 320-ground plate body, 400-arc-shaped dielectric plate, 401-fastening screw, 500-short-circuit plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] See also Figures 1 to 4 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an airborne arc conformal antenna provided by an embodiment of the present utility model is shown. Figure 2 This is a front view of an airborne arc conformal antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 A top view of the airborne arc-shaped conformal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] The airborne curved conformal antenna provided in this embodiment has an arc-shaped shape and strong conformity with the aircraft's external shape. The antenna specifically includes: a curved radiating plate 200, a curved dielectric plate 400, a curved ground plate 300, a short-circuit plate 500, and a radio frequency connector 100. The inner curved surface of the curved dielectric plate 400 is connected to the outer curved surface of the curved ground plate 300, and the outer curved surface of the curved dielectric plate 400 is connected to the inner curved surface of the curved radiating plate 200.

[0027] Specifically, in one implementation of this embodiment, a first screw hole is defined at an edge of the curved radiation plate 200, and a second screw hole is defined on the curved dielectric plate 400 corresponding to the first screw hole. The curved radiation plate 200 and the curved dielectric plate 400 are connected via a fastening screw 401 that threadably engages with the first and second screw holes. In addition, the inner curved surface of the curved radiation plate 200 and the outer curved surface of the curved dielectric plate 400 are bonded together using an adhesive.

[0028] The arc-shaped grounding plate 300 is composed of a grounding plate body 320 and an arc-shaped raised plate 310 protruding toward the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped dielectric plate 400. The arc-shaped raised plate 310 is connected to the middle part of the outer arc surface of the grounding plate body 320. The outer arc surface of the arc-shaped push plate is connected to the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped dielectric plate 400. An antenna mounting hole 301 is opened at the edge of the grounding plate body 320.

[0029] Furthermore, in a preferred implementation of this embodiment, the design parameters of the curved radiation plate 200, the curved dielectric plate 400, the curved ground plate 300, and the short-circuit plate 500 are as follows:

[0030] The printed circuit board 220 of the curved radiation plate 200 is made of double-sided copper-clad FR-4 plate with a relative dielectric constant of 4.2 to 4.4. The width of the curved radiation plate 200 after unfolding is 200 mm, the length is 100 mm, and the thickness is 0.2 mm. The curved dielectric plate 400 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic with a relative dielectric constant of 4.2 to 4.4. The outer radius of the curved dielectric plate 400 is 165 mm to 165.1 mm, and the inner radius is 158 mm to 158. .1mm, width 200mm, arc angle 34°~34.1°; the outer arc radius of the arc-shaped raised plate 310 is 158mm~158.1mm, width 216mm, and arc angle 34°~34.1°; the outer arc radius of the arc-shaped grounding plate 300 is 154.5mm, the inner arc radius is 152.5mm, and the width is 239.5mm~240mm; the short-circuit plate 500 is made of brass foil with a thickness of 0.02mm, see Figure 8 As shown, the width of the short-circuit plate 500 after unfolding is 180 mm and the length is 50 mm.

[0031] The arc-shaped radiation plate 200 includes an upper surface metal layer, a lower surface metal layer, and a quarter-wavelength short-circuit structure; the quarter-wavelength short-circuit structure includes a radiation surface 210 etched on the upper surface metal layer, a short-circuit surface 230 etched on the lower surface metal layer, a feeding plate 240 etched on the lower surface metal layer, a first metallized through-hole 214 connecting the radiation surface 210 and the short-circuit surface 230, and a second metallized through-hole connecting the feeding plate 240 and the radiation surface 210. The side of the radiation surface 210 close to the first metallized through-hole 214 is a short-circuit edge 212, and the other side away from the short-circuit edge 212 is an open edge 213; in this embodiment, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the short-circuit surface 230 is etched on the edge of the lower surface metal layer in the width direction, and the feeding plate 240 is etched on the perpendicular bisector of the side of the lower surface metal layer in the width direction and is spaced apart from the short-circuit surface 230; the second metallized through hole is connected to the feeding point 211 position of the radiating surface 210. After the antenna is assembled, the angle between the feeding point 211 position and the midpoint of the antenna arc is 10.5°, and the angle between the short-circuit edge 212 and the midpoint of the arc is 17.7°; the surfaces of the radiating surface 210, the short-circuit surface 230 and the feeding plate 240 are coated with an anti-corrosion layer. Specifically, in this embodiment, the surfaces of the radiating surface 210, the short-circuit surface 230 and the feeding plate 240 are anti-corrosion by gold plating.

[0032] The curved dielectric plate 400 is made of a material with a relatively high dielectric constant, and the linear radiation surface 210 adopts a quarter-wavelength short-circuit structure, so that the antenna length is shortened and the requirements of the small radiation window limit of the aircraft can be met.

[0033] The first end of the short-circuit plate 500 is connected to the short-circuit surface 230, and the second end of the short-circuit plate 500 is bent at the side of the curved dielectric plate 400 and is closely attached to the side of the curved dielectric plate 400 and connected to the curved ground plate 300; see Figure 5 As shown, the RF connector 100 is connected to the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped ground plate 300 , and the inner conductor of the RF connector 100 sequentially passes through the arc-shaped ground plate 300 and the arc-shaped dielectric plate 400 and is connected to the feeding plate 240 .

[0034] Furthermore, in a preferred implementation of this embodiment, the design parameters of the radiating surface 210, the short-circuit surface 230, and the feeding plate 240 are as follows: the length of the radiating surface 210 after unfolding is 89 mm and the width is 180 mm; the starting point of the length of the short-circuit surface 230 is located at the short-circuit edge 212 of the radiating plate, and the length of the short-circuit surface 230 after unfolding is 10 mm and the width is 180 mm; the interval between the feeding plate 240 and the short-circuit edge 212 is 20.1 mm to 20.3 mm.

[0035] By increasing the thickness of the arc-shaped dielectric plate 400, increasing the width of the radiation surface 210, and adopting the feeding method of the feeding plate 240, the working bandwidth of the antenna is expanded, so that it can meet the predetermined standing wave characteristics within the working frequency band.

[0036] Taking a certain type of electronic pod antenna as an example, the operating frequency is 400MHz~406MHz. The outer arc surface of the entire antenna is 165.3mm, the inner arc surface is 152.5mm, the arc angle of the arc dielectric plate above 400 is 34°, and the width is 200mm; the maximum input standing wave ratio in the entire frequency band is 2.23:1, vertical polarization, the maximum gain is 1.3dBi, the E-plane lobe width (3dB) is 65°, and the H-plane lobe width is 120°.

[0037] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An airborne arc conformal antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises an arc-shaped radiation plate (200), an arc-shaped dielectric plate (400), an arc-shaped ground plate (300), a short-circuit plate (500) and a radio frequency connector (100), wherein the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped dielectric plate (400) is connected to the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped ground plate (300), and the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped dielectric plate (400) is connected to the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped radiation plate (200); The arc-shaped radiation plate (200) comprises an upper surface metal layer, a lower surface metal layer, and a quarter-wavelength short-circuit structure, wherein the quarter-wavelength short-circuit structure comprises a radiation surface (210) etched on the upper surface metal layer, a short-circuit surface (230) etched on the lower surface metal layer, a feeding plate (240) etched on the lower surface metal layer, a first metallized through-hole (214) connecting the radiation surface (210) and the short-circuit surface (230), and a second metallized through-hole connecting the feeding plate (240) and the radiation surface (210); The first end of the short-circuit plate (500) is connected to the short-circuit surface (230), the second end of the short-circuit plate (500) is connected to the side of the arc-shaped dielectric plate (400) and is connected to the arc-shaped ground plate (300), the radio frequency connector (100) is connected to the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped ground plate (300), and the inner conductor of the radio frequency connector (100) passes through the arc-shaped ground plate (300) and the arc-shaped dielectric plate (400) in sequence and is connected to the feed plate (240).

2. The airborne arc conformal antenna according to claim 1, wherein: A first screw hole is provided at the edge of the arc-shaped radiation plate (200), a second screw hole is provided on the arc-shaped dielectric plate (400) corresponding to the first screw hole, and the arc-shaped radiation plate (200) and the arc-shaped dielectric plate (400) are connected via a fastening screw (401) threadably engaged with the first screw hole and the second screw hole.

3. The airborne arc conformal antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: The inner arc surface of the arc-shaped radiation plate (200) and the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped dielectric plate (400) are bonded by adhesive.

4. The airborne arc conformal antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The arc-shaped grounding plate (300) is composed of a grounding plate body (320) and an arc-shaped raised plate (310) protruding toward the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped dielectric plate (400); the arc-shaped raised plate (310) is connected to the middle of the outer arc surface of the grounding plate body (320); the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped push plate is connected to the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped dielectric plate (400); and an antenna mounting hole (301) is provided at the edge of the grounding plate body (320).

5. The airborne arc conformal antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The short-circuit surface (230) is etched on the edge of the lower surface metal layer in the width direction.

6. The airborne arc conformal antenna according to claim 5, wherein: The feed plate (240) is etched on a vertical bisector of a side edge in the width direction of the lower surface metal layer and is spaced apart from the short-circuit surface (230).

7. The airborne arc conformal antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The surfaces of the radiation surface (210), the short-circuit surface (230) and the feed plate (240) are plated with an anti-corrosion layer.

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