Rural domestic sewage treatment equipment adopting natural ventilation type aerobic process

Abstract

The utility model discloses rural domestic sewage treatment equipment adopting a natural ventilation type aerobic process, which belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment and is characterized in that a main body of the equipment comprises a barrel body, the barrel body is internally divided into a hydrolysis acidification tank, a biological leaching tank and a water collecting tank from top to bottom, and the hydrolysis acidification tank and the biological leaching tank are separated by a partition plate; the biological leaching tank and the water collecting tank are separated through a filter plate, a sewage inlet is formed in the hydrolysis acidification tank and located on the side wall of the barrel, the hydrolysis acidification tank is communicated with the biological leaching tank through a water collecting pipe, an annular water distribution groove is formed in the lower end, located in the biological leaching tank, of the water collecting pipe, and a filler layer is arranged in the biological leaching tank; an annular jet type water distributor is arranged in the hydrolysis acidification pool, a circulation module is arranged outside the barrel, the annular jet type water distributor is communicated with the water collecting pool through the circulation module, a ventilation module is further arranged in the barrel, the biological leaching pool is communicated with the outside through the ventilation module, and a water outlet is formed in the position, located on the side wall of the barrel, in the water collecting pool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a natural ventilation type aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment. Background Art

[0002] At present, rural domestic sewage treatment technology generally adopts AO, A 2 O, MBR membrane, artificial wetland, ecological pond and other processes, some of these processes require mechanical aeration to increase oxygen, which consumes a lot of energy, and some occupy a large area and require a lot of maintenance investment. 2 The O process requires chemical treatment to remove total phosphorus, and additional sedimentation tanks are needed to settle the sludge. This produces a large amount of sludge, which in turn creates secondary pollution. Chemical addition and sludge disposal require specialized technicians, increasing subsequent operation and maintenance costs.

[0003] The above-mentioned traditional treatment process is complicated to operate, requires professional management personnel to maintain, and regular sludge discharge. It has poor impact load resistance and cannot maintain stable water output. It is not suitable for rural sewage treatment in remote rural areas.

[0004] Rural sewage is characterized by large fluctuations in water quality, small-scale and dispersed treatment, and large daily variation coefficients. Therefore, it is advisable to adopt long-term equipment and devices that have "low investment, low operating costs, and high treatment efficiency."

[0005] Therefore, it is very necessary to propose a natural ventilation aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment that does not require mechanical aeration to increase oxygen, does not require the addition of chemicals to remove phosphorus, produces basically no sludge during the treatment process, and can stably maintain Class A emissions of urban sewage discharge standards. Utility Model Content

[0006] Purpose of the utility model: to provide a natural ventilation aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a natural ventilation aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment. The main body of the device includes a cylinder, which is divided into a hydrolysis and acidification tank, a biological leaching tank and a water collection tank from top to bottom. The hydrolysis and acidification tank is separated from the biological leaching tank by a partition, and the biological leaching tank is separated from the water collection tank by a filter plate. A sewage inlet is provided in the hydrolysis and acidification tank and on the side wall of the cylinder. The hydrolysis and acidification tank is connected to the biological leaching tank through a water collection pipe. The lower end of the water collection pipe located in the biological leaching tank is provided with an annular water distribution trough. A filler layer is provided in the biological leaching tank. An annular jet-type water distributor is provided in the hydrolysis and acidification tank. A circulation module is provided outside the cylinder. The annular jet-type water distributor is connected to the water collection tank through the circulation module. A ventilation module is also provided in the cylinder. The biological leaching tank is connected to the outside through the ventilation module. A water outlet is provided in the water collection tank on the side wall of the cylinder.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the annular water distribution groove consists of an outer ring groove, an inner ring groove and a connecting groove. The inner ring groove is located inside the outer ring groove, and the outer ring groove is connected to the inner ring groove through the connecting groove.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the side walls of the outer ring groove and the inner ring groove are provided with water outlet holes, the water outlet holes are arranged in an inverted triangle shape, and the water outlet holes are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the side walls of the outer ring groove and the inner ring groove.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, a first guide plate and a second guide plate are vertically arranged in the hydrolysis acidification tank, and the first guide plate and the second guide plate are alternately arranged in the hydrolysis acidification tank. The lower end of the first guide plate is connected to the partition and the upper end is lower than the water inlet of the water collecting pipe. The lower end of the second guide plate is higher than the partition and the upper end is higher than the water inlet of the water collecting pipe.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the filler in the filler layer has a diameter between 3 and 10 cm, and the filler layer is arranged in a vertical direction as a multi-layer, double-layer or single-layer structure.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the annular jet-type water distributor is composed of a plurality of jet heads, which are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the cylinder, and the spraying direction of the jet heads is vertically upward at an angle of 45°.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the circulation module includes a circulation water outlet arranged in the water collection tank and located on the side wall of the cylinder, the circulation water outlet is connected to one end of the circulation water pipe, the other end of the circulation water pipe is connected to the annular jet-type water distributor, and a circulation pump is provided on the circulation water pipe.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the ventilation module includes a ventilation pipe with one end arranged in the biological leaching tank and the other end extending to the outside of the cylinder. A ventilation port is provided in the water collection tank, and the height of the ventilation port is higher than the height of the water outlet.

[0015] As a preferred solution, one end of the water collecting pipe located in the hydrolysis acidification tank is configured to be trumpet-shaped.

[0016] As a preferred solution, MBBR filler and an inclined sedimentation plate are provided in the water collection tank, the upper end of the inclined sedimentation plate is lower than the vent, and the MBBR filler is lower than the water outlet.

[0017] Beneficial effect: The utility model relates to a natural ventilation type aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment. During specific implementation, sewage enters the hydrolysis acidification tank from the sewage inlet. The hydrolysis acidification tank can convert the insoluble organic matter in the original wastewater into soluble organic matter, wherein the organic matter that is difficult to biodegrade is converted into organic matter that is easily biodegradable. When the water level in the hydrolysis acidification tank rises to the water inlet of the water collection pipe, the sewage falls from the water collection pipe onto the annular water distribution trough and is evenly sprinkled onto the packing layer from the annular water distribution trough. When the sewage passes through the packing layer, the packing layer intercepts the suspended matter in the sewage, allowing the microorganisms to multiply rapidly. The microorganisms further absorb the soluble and colloidal organic matter in the sewage, gradually grow and form a biofilm. The biofilm on the surface of the packing layer oxidizes the organic matter in the sewage, so that the sewage is purified. The oxygen in the air passes through the The ventilation module enters the biological leaching tank, and the microorganisms in the membrane oxidize and decompose organic matter into inorganic matter and carbon dioxide with the participation of oxygen and discharge them from the ventilation module. The circulation module can pump the sewage in the collection tank to the annular jet water distributor, and spray it into the hydrolysis acidification tank from the annular jet water distributor. During the spraying process, the sewage drives the sewage in the hydrolysis acidification tank to flow. The annular jet water distributor stirs the sewage in the hydrolysis acidification tank. The sewage is circulated multiple times in the cylinder through the circulation module, so that the sewage is purified more fully. Compared with the traditional AO process, this device does not require chemical phosphorus removal to reduce secondary pollution of sludge, and can increase the oxygen content in the biological leaching tank through the ventilation module. No fan is required to aerate the biological leaching tank to reduce energy consumption. Since there is no sedimentation tank and a cylindrical structure is adopted, the device occupies a small area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the annular jet water distributor of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a top view of the annular water distribution trough of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the annular water distribution trough of the present utility model.

[0022] The reference numerals in the figure are: cylinder 1, sewage inlet 2, water collecting pipe 3, ventilation pipe 4, packing layer 5, hydrolysis acidification tank 6, circulation pump 7, partition 8, filter plate 9, water outlet 10, biological leaching tank 11, water collecting tank 12, annular jet water distributor 13, annular water distribution trough 14, circulating water outlet 15, circulating water pipe 16, ventilation port 17, injection head 18, outer annular groove 19, inner annular groove 20, connecting groove 21, water outlet 22, first guide plate 23, second guide plate 24, MBBR filler 25, inclined sedimentation plate 26. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features known in the art are not described to avoid confusion with the present invention.

[0024] The applicant's research found that the traditional sewage treatment process is complicated to operate, requires professional management personnel for maintenance, and regular sludge discharge. It has poor resistance to shock loads and cannot maintain stable water output.

[0025] To this end, this utility model provides a natural ventilation type aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment, please refer to Figures 1 to 4The main body of the device includes a cylinder 1, which is divided into a hydrolysis and acidification tank 6, a biological leaching tank 11 and a water collection tank 12 from top to bottom. The hydrolysis and acidification tank 6 and the biological leaching tank 11 are separated by a partition 8, and the biological leaching tank 11 and the water collection tank 12 are separated by a filter plate 9. A sewage inlet 2 is provided in the hydrolysis and acidification tank 6 and on the side wall of the cylinder 1. The hydrolysis and acidification tank 6 and the biological leaching tank 11 are connected through a water collection pipe 3. The lower end of the water collection pipe 3 located in the biological leaching tank 11 is provided with an annular water distribution trough 14. A packing layer 5 is provided in the biological leaching tank 11. An annular jet-type water distributor 13 is provided in the hydrolysis and acidification tank 6. A circulation module is provided on the outside of the cylinder 1, and the annular jet-type water distributor 13 is connected to the water collecting tank 12 through the circulation module. A ventilation module is also provided in the cylinder 1, and the biological leaching tank 11 is connected to the outside through the ventilation module. A water outlet 17 is provided on the side wall of the cylinder 1 in the water collecting tank 12; in specific implementation, since the present device has a vertical modular structure, an inspection port can be provided at the upper end of the hydrolysis acidification tank 6, the biological leaching tank 11, and the water collecting tank 12, so that the internal situation of the equipment can be observed and maintenance is also convenient. When the present device starts working, the sewage enters the hydrolysis acidification tank 6 from the sewage inlet 2, and the hydrolysis acidification tank 6 can remove the insoluble substances in the original wastewater. The hydrolysis and acidification tank 6 converts the biodegradable organic matter into soluble organic matter, wherein the organic matter that is difficult to biodegrade is converted into easily biodegradable organic matter. When the water level in the hydrolysis and acidification tank 6 rises to the water inlet of the water collecting pipe 3, the sewage falls from the water collecting pipe 3 to the annular water distribution trough 14, and is evenly sprinkled from the annular water distribution trough 14 to the packing layer 5. When the sewage passes through the packing layer 5, the packing layer 5 intercepts the suspended matter in the sewage so that the microorganisms multiply quickly. The microorganisms further absorb the soluble and colloidal organic matter in the sewage, gradually grow and form a biofilm. The biofilm on the surface of the packing layer 5 oxidizes the organic matter in the sewage so that the sewage is purified. The oxygen in the air passes through the ventilation module The block enters the biological leaching tank 11, and the microorganisms in the membrane oxidize and decompose the organic matter into inorganic matter and carbon dioxide with the participation of oxygen, and are discharged from the ventilation module. The circulation module can pump the sewage in the water collection tank 12 to the annular jet-type water distributor 13, and spray it into the hydrolysis and acidification tank 6 from the annular jet-type water distributor 13. During the spraying process, the sewage drives the sewage in the hydrolysis and acidification tank 6 to flow. The annular jet-type water distributor 13 stirs the sewage in the hydrolysis and acidification tank 6. After passing through the circulation module, the sewage is circulated multiple times in the cylinder 1, so that the sewage is purified more fully. The fully purified sewage is discharged from the cylinder 1 through the water outlet 17;This device has a good removal effect on COP, NH3, and TP. Compared with traditional sewage treatment devices, it not only avoids secondary pollution of TP, but also has a considerable removal effect on TP. In addition, vertical greening can be set on the outside of the cylinder 1 to beautify the equipment and integrate it with the surrounding environment.

[0026] Preferably, the annular water distribution trough 14 is composed of an outer annular groove 19, an inner annular groove 20 and a connecting groove 21. The inner annular groove 20 is located in the outer annular groove 19, and the outer annular groove 19 and the inner annular groove 20 are connected through the connecting groove 21. In specific implementation, the water collecting pipe 3 guides the sewage to the connecting groove 21, and the sewage flows to the outer annular groove 19 and the inner annular groove 20 through the connecting groove 21. When the sewage in the outer annular groove 19 and the inner annular groove 20 accumulates to a certain amount, the sewage will overflow from the side walls of the outer annular groove 19 and the inner annular groove 20, and be evenly sprinkled on the packing layer 5.

[0027] Preferably, in order to make the sewage evenly sprinkled from the annular water distribution trough 14 have a certain flow rate so that the sewage can flush the biofilm, the side walls of the outer annular groove 19 and the inner annular groove 20 are provided with water outlet holes 22, and the water outlet holes 22 are set to be in the shape of an inverted triangle. The inverted triangle-shaped water outlet holes 22 make the flow rate of the sewage evenly sprinkled from the annular water distribution trough 14 optimal, and the water outlet holes 22 are arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the side walls of the outer annular groove 19 and the inner annular groove 20.

[0028] Furthermore, a first guide plate 23 and a second guide plate 24 are vertically arranged in the hydrolysis and acidification tank 6. The first guide plate 23 and the second guide plate 24 are alternately arranged in the hydrolysis and acidification tank 6. The lower end of the first guide plate 23 is connected to the partition 8 and the upper end is lower than the water inlet of the water collecting pipe 3. The lower end of the second guide plate 24 is higher than the partition 8 and the upper end is higher than the water inlet of the water collecting pipe 3. In specific implementation, the first guide plate 23 and the second guide plate 24 can increase the water flow path. Since the mass of sludge is heavier than water, the sludge settles down under the action of gravity along the same path, so as to improve the ability of the hydrolysis and acidification tank to intercept sludge.

[0029] Furthermore, the filler in the packing layer 5 has a diameter of 3-10 cm, and the filler material is a combination of vermiculite, pumice, zeolite, volcanic rock, ceramsite, slag, sponge iron or building stone, and the packing layer 5 is arranged in a multi-layer, double-layer or single-layer structure in the vertical direction; in specific implementation, the filler is mainly slag, sponge iron or building stone, and the other fillers are supplementary, and the ratio is controlled at about 3:1, and the packing layer 5 is arranged in a modular frame structure, which is convenient for removing, replacing or flushing the filler. Solid waste such as slag and building stone is easier to obtain, which can play a role in treating waste with waste, and the filler The size of the material should be determined according to the organic load per unit volume in the biological leaching tank 11. If the load is high, a larger diameter should be selected. Otherwise, due to the high nutrient concentration, the microorganisms will grow rapidly and the gaps will be blocked. Therefore, the diameter of the filler material is best between 3 and 10 cm. In a specific application scenario, the filler particle size of the upper filler layer 5 is smaller and the filler particle size of the lower filler is relatively larger. This arrangement facilitates the full treatment of sewage. After the upper filler layer is successfully formed with biofilm, earthworms can be added to the surface. Earthworms can clear the filler film layer and reduce the blockage and water flow caused by too much biofilm in the upper filler. The biological leaching tank 11 uses multi-layer composite fillers, and a variety of fillers are arranged in layers. On the one hand, it can achieve the purpose of uniform water distribution in the biological leaching tank 11. On the other hand, it can utilize the characteristics of different fillers to improve the biomass and nitrogen and phosphorus removal capacity of the biological leaching tank 11.

[0030] Furthermore, the annular jet-type water distributor 13 is composed of a plurality of jet heads 18, which are arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the inner wall of the cylinder 1. The spraying direction of the jet heads 18 is vertically directed upward at an angle of 45°. The jet heads 18 at this angle have the best stirring effect on the sewage in the hydrolysis acidification tank 6.

[0031] Preferably, the circulation module includes a circulation water outlet 15 arranged in the water collection tank 12 and located on the side wall of the cylinder 1, the circulation water outlet 15 is connected to one end of the circulation water pipe 16, the other end of the circulation water pipe 16 is connected to the annular jet-type water distributor 13, and the circulation water pipe 16 is provided with a circulation pump 7; in specific implementation, the nitrifying bacteria in the biological leaching tank 11 form nitrification liquid through aerobic reaction, and the sewage containing nitrification liquid in the water collection tank 12 is pumped to the annular jet-type water distributor 13 through the circulation pump 7, so that the sewage in the hydrolysis acidification tank 6 is more fully purified.

[0032] Preferably, the ventilation module includes a ventilation pipe 4 having one end arranged in the biological leaching tank 11 and the other end extending to the outside of the cylinder 1. A vent 17 is provided in the water collection tank 12, and the height of the vent 17 is higher than the height of the water outlet 10. During implementation, the sewage flows onto the filler layer 5 and reacts with the microorganisms to generate heat, so that there is a certain temperature difference between the biological leaching tank 11 and the outside world. The outside air will enter the biological leaching tank 11 through the vent 17 and be discharged through the ventilation pipe 4. In this process, a chimney effect will be formed, which will further accelerate the circulation of air in the biological leaching tank 11, thereby increasing the oxygen concentration in the biological leaching tank 11; the entire process does not require a blower to aerate the biological leaching tank 11, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0033] Preferably, one end of the water collecting pipe 3 located in the hydrolysis acidification tank 6 is set to be trumpet-shaped. The trumpet shape increases the contact area of ​​the water outlet and reduces the flow rate of the water flow in the water collecting pipe 3, so that the water outlet of the hydrolysis acidification tank 6 is stable and the sludge loss is reduced.

[0034] Preferably, the water collection tank 12 is provided with MBBR filler 25 and inclined sedimentation plate 26, the upper end of the inclined sedimentation plate 26 is lower than the vent 17, and the MBBR filler 25 is lower than the water outlet; the inclined sedimentation plate 26 is conducive to the precipitation of a small amount of microbial residues. In actual applications, it is found that the dissolved oxygen content in the water flowing from the biological leaching tank 11 to the water collection tank 12 is still about 2ppm, which can meet the needs of microbial growth. At this stage, it is basically dominated by anoxic microorganisms. The MBBR filler 25 plays a role in denitrification. Therefore, omnivorous tilapia with strong pollution tolerance and feeding on chironomid larvae in the water body can be stocked in the water collection tank 12 to reduce the breeding of mosquitoes. It can also graze microbial biofilm on the MBBR filler 25 in the water collection tank 17 to renew the biological community to maintain a high purification capacity, moss and other aquatic plants, and improve the overall environment of the equipment.

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A natural ventilation aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment, characterized by: Cylinder, The cylinder is divided into a hydrolysis and acidification tank, a biological leaching tank and a water collection tank from top to bottom. The hydrolysis and acidification tank is separated from the biological leaching tank by a partition plate, and the biological leaching tank is separated from the water collection tank by a filter plate. A sewage inlet is provided in the hydrolysis and acidification tank and on the side wall of the cylinder. The hydrolysis and acidification tank is connected to the biological leaching tank through a water collecting pipe. The lower end of the water collecting pipe located in the biological leaching tank is provided with an annular water distribution trough. A filler layer is provided in the biological leaching tank. An annular jet-type water distributor is provided in the hydrolysis and acidification tank. A circulation module is provided outside the cylinder. The annular jet-type water distributor is connected to the water collecting tank through the circulation module. A ventilation module is also provided in the cylinder. The biological leaching tank is connected to the outside world through the ventilation module. A water outlet is provided in the water collecting tank on the side wall of the cylinder.

2. The natural ventilation aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The annular water distribution groove consists of an outer ring groove, an inner ring groove and a connecting groove. The inner ring groove is located in the outer ring groove. The outer ring groove and the inner ring groove are connected through the connecting groove.

3. The natural ventilation aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment according to claim 2 is characterized by: The side walls of the outer ring groove and the inner ring groove are provided with water outlet holes, the water outlet holes are arranged in an inverted triangle shape, and the water outlet holes are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the side walls of the outer ring groove and the inner ring groove.

4. The natural ventilation aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: A first guide plate and a second guide plate are vertically arranged in the hydrolysis acidification tank. The first guide plate and the second guide plate are alternately arranged in the hydrolysis acidification tank. The lower end of the first guide plate is connected to the partition and the upper end is lower than the water inlet of the water collecting pipe. The lower end of the second guide plate is higher than the partition and the upper end is higher than the water inlet of the water collecting pipe.

5. The natural ventilation aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The filler in the filler layer has a diameter between 3 and 10 centimeters, and the filler layer is arranged in a vertical direction as a multi-layer, double-layer or single-layer structure.

6. The natural ventilation aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular jet-type water distributor is composed of a plurality of jet heads, which are arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the inner wall of the cylinder, and the spraying direction of the jet heads is vertical and upward at an angle of 45°.

7. The natural ventilation aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The circulation module includes: A circulating water outlet is provided in the water collecting tank and is located on the side wall of the cylinder; A circulating water pipe, one end of which is connected to the circulating water outlet and the other end of which is connected to the annular jet-type water distributor; A circulation pump is arranged on the circulating water pipe.

8. The natural ventilation aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ventilation module comprises: a ventilation pipe, one end of which is arranged in the biofiltration tank and the other end of which extends to the outside of the cylinder; a vent, disposed in the water collection tank; The height at which the vent is arranged is higher than the height at which the water outlet is arranged.

9. The natural ventilation aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the water collecting pipe located in the hydrolysis acidification tank is configured in a trumpet shape.

10. The natural ventilation aerobic process rural domestic sewage treatment equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: MBBR filler and an inclined sedimentation plate are provided in the water collection tank, the upper end of the inclined sedimentation plate is lower than the vent, and the MBBR filler is lower than the water outlet.

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