Novel hydraulic cylinder special for machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to a novel hydraulic cylinder special for a machine tool. The novel hydraulic cylinder is characterized by being simple and stable in structure, multiple in sealing and improved in guiding performance. The hydraulic cylinder comprises a hollow cylindrical cylinder barrel, a front end cover, a rear end cover, a guide barrel, a piston rod, a piston, a sealing ring, a pull rod and a fixing block. A front end cover and a rear end cover are installed at the two ends of the cylinder barrel respectively, a center hole is formed in the front end cover, and an exhaust valve is arranged on the rear end cover. The guide cylinder and the center hole of the front end cover are coaxially arranged; the piston rod penetrates through the front end cover and the guide cylinder, the piston is fixed to one end of the piston rod, and a plurality of grooves are formed in the periphery and internally provided with sealing rings. The pull rods are uniformly distributed around the cylinder barrel and are connected with the front end cover and the rear end cover; the fixing block is connected with a plurality of pull rods, and protrusions are arranged on the two side walls. The hydraulic cylinder has excellent guiding performance and sealing performance, reduces manufacturing and maintenance difficulty, and is suitable for various machine tools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic cylinders, and in particular to a new type of hydraulic cylinder dedicated to machine tools. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of industrial automation, machine tools are placing increasingly higher demands on the performance of hydraulic cylinders. In existing technology, hydraulic cylinders are hydraulic actuators that convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, performing linear reciprocating motion. They offer a simple structure and reliable operation. Reciprocating motion can be achieved without a reduction gear, and they offer smooth motion with zero transmission backlash. Consequently, they are widely used in hydraulic systems across various machines. The output force of a hydraulic cylinder is proportional to the effective area of ​​the piston and the pressure differential across it. However, conventional hydraulic cylinders used in machine tools suffer from issues such as easy displacement during expansion and contraction, or poor sealing. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a new hydraulic cylinder for machine tools that has a simple and stable structure, multiple seals, and improved guiding performance. This application provides the following technical solution: A new hydraulic cylinder for machine tools, comprising:

[0004] The cylinder is a hollow cylinder with a front cover and a rear cover mounted on both ends of the cylinder, the front cover having a center hole and the rear cover having an exhaust valve;

[0005] A guide cylinder, the guide cylinder being arranged on the front end cover and being coaxial with the center hole of the front end cover;

[0006] a piston rod, the piston rod passing through the front end cover and the guide cylinder and then extending into the interior of the cylinder, the piston rod being slidably connected to the guide cylinder and the front end cover;

[0007] A piston, the piston is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod, and a plurality of grooves are provided around the piston;

[0008] A sealing ring is disposed in the groove to achieve close cooperation between the piston and the cylinder;

[0009] Pull rods, wherein a plurality of pull rods are evenly arranged around the cylinder, and both ends of the pull rods are respectively connected to the front end cover and the rear end cover;

[0010] A fixing block is provided at the middle section of the pull rod and connects a plurality of the pull rods. Both side walls of the fixing block are provided with protrusions.

[0011] Preferably, the present technical solution further comprises a positioning groove and a dust ring, wherein the positioning groove is arranged inside the guide cylinder, the dust ring is arranged inside the positioning groove, and the dust ring is in close contact with the piston rod and the guide cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the present technical solution further comprises a shaft retaining ring, which is sleeved on the piston rod and fixed inside the through hole of the front end cover.

[0013] Preferably, the sealing ring is Y-shaped.

[0014] Preferably, the present technical solution further includes an O-ring and a limiting groove, wherein the limiting groove is provided at one end where the piston rod is connected to the piston, the O-ring is provided in the limiting groove, and the O-ring is in close contact with the piston.

[0015] Preferably, the exhaust valve includes an exhaust hole and a one-way valve, and the one-way valve allows gas to be discharged from the interior of the cylinder while preventing it from flowing back.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] The structure of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention is simple and stable. The cylinder barrel adopts a hollow cylindrical design, and the installation method of the front cover and the rear cover ensures the overall firmness. At the same time, the coaxial arrangement of the guide cylinder and the center hole of the front cover improves the guiding performance, making the movement of the piston rod more precise and stable. This structural design not only simplifies the manufacturing process, but also reduces the difficulty of maintenance, bringing great convenience to users. Secondly, the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention has multiple sealing properties. Sealing rings are installed in the multiple grooves arranged around the piston, which realizes the close fit between the piston and the cylinder barrel and effectively prevents the leakage of hydraulic oil. At the same time, the pull rods between the front cover and the rear cover are evenly distributed, and the fixing blocks connect the multiple pull rods, making the sealing performance more reliable. This innovative design significantly improves the sealing performance of the hydraulic cylinder and reduces the failure rate of the hydraulic system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of a new hydraulic cylinder for machine tools proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a new hydraulic cylinder for machine tools proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] In the figure: 1. Cylinder; 2. Front cover; 3. Rear cover; 4. Exhaust valve; 5. Guide cylinder; 6. Piston rod; 7. Piston; 8. Groove; 9. Sealing ring; 10. Pull rod; 11. Fixing block; 12. Protrusion; 13. Positioning groove; 14. Dust ring; 15. Shaft retaining ring; 16. O-ring; 17. Limit groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0023] Furthermore, it should be understood that for ease of description, the sizes of the various components shown in the drawings are not drawn according to actual proportions. For example, the thickness or width of certain layers may be exaggerated relative to other layers.

[0024] It should be noted that like numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, so once an item is defined or described in one figure, it will not need to be further discussed and described in detail in the description of the subsequent figures.

[0025] In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the present application provides a technical solution: a new hydraulic cylinder for machine tools, which has the following characteristics:

[0026] The cylinder barrel 1 is a hollow cylinder made of high-strength alloy steel. Its inner diameter and wall thickness are designed according to the hydraulic cylinder's operating conditions and pressure requirements. The ends of the cylinder barrel 1 are connected to the front cover 2 and rear cover 3, respectively, to form a closed hydraulic chamber. Both the front cover 2 and rear cover 3 are made of the same or similar materials as the cylinder barrel 1 to ensure the overall strength and durability of the structure. The center of the front cover 2 is defined by a central hole, coaxially arranged with the guide cylinder 5 to ensure linear motion of the piston rod 6. The rear cover 3 is equipped with an exhaust valve 4 to discharge internal gases during operation, ensuring proper function. The guide cylinder 5 is a cylindrical component made of wear-resistant material. Its inner wall closely mates with the outer surface of the piston rod 6, ensuring smooth and accurate movement within the cylinder barrel 1. The guide cylinder 5 is secured to the front cover 2 by threads or welding. The piston rod 6 is a solid round rod made of high-strength steel. One end passes through the front cover 2 and guide cylinder 5, and the other end extends into the interior of the cylinder barrel 1. The piston rod 6 is slidably connected to the guide tube 5 and the front end cover 2. The piston 7 is fixed to one end of the piston rod 6. Multiple grooves 8 are provided around the piston 7 for mounting sealing rings 9 to achieve a seal between the piston 7 and the cylinder barrel 1. The sealing rings 9 are made of oil-resistant rubber or other synthetic materials and are installed in the grooves 8 of the piston 7. The function of the sealing rings 9 is to form a seal between the piston 7 and the cylinder barrel 1 to prevent hydraulic oil leakage. The tie rods 10 are multiple rod-shaped components evenly distributed around the cylinder barrel 1. They connect the front end cover 2 and the rear end cover 3 together to enhance the structural stability of the hydraulic cylinder. The tie rods 10 are typically made of high-strength steel to withstand loads under high-pressure conditions. A fixing block 11 is provided in the middle section of the tie rods 10 to connect multiple tie rods 10 together. The two side walls of the fixing block 11 are provided with protrusions 12, which are later connected to the trunnion base with a circular hole to achieve the fixing and installation of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0027] Furthermore, the positioning groove 13 is a concave groove structure provided inside the guide cylinder 5, and its main function is to provide a fixed position for the dust ring 14. By providing the positioning groove 13 inside the guide cylinder 5, it can be ensured that the dust ring 14 remains in the correct position during the operation of the oil cylinder, thereby effectively playing its role of dustproof and sealing. The dust ring 14 is an elastic seal, usually made of oil-resistant rubber or other synthetic materials, and its main function is to prevent dust, impurities, metal shavings, etc. from entering the interior of the oil cylinder. The dust ring 14 is provided inside the positioning groove 13, in close contact with the piston rod 6 and the guide cylinder 5, forming a sealing barrier to prevent external contaminants from entering the interior of the oil cylinder.

[0028] It should be pointed out that the shaft retaining ring 15 is a circular metal part used to fix and limit the axial movement of the piston rod 6. It is usually made of spring steel, has good elasticity and strength, and can maintain its shape and position while bearing a certain axial force. The shaft retaining ring 15 is sleeved on the piston rod 6 and is located inside the through hole of the front end cover 2. By fixing the shaft retaining ring 15 in the through hole of the front end cover 2, the piston rod 6 can be prevented from axial displacement under working pressure or due to mechanical vibration. The main function of the shaft retaining ring 15 is to ensure that the piston rod 6 maintains the correct position during the operation of the cylinder and prevents it from exiting the front end cover 2 due to external force. It also helps to protect the piston rod 6 from being pushed out when the cylinder is impacted or the pressure fluctuates, thereby avoiding damage to the cylinder and potential safety risks.

[0029] It is worth noting that the Y-shaped sealing ring 9 is a common axial sealing element with a Y-shaped cross-section, consisting of a bottom surface and two lips. This design enables the Y-shaped sealing ring 9 to provide sealing for leakage in two directions at the same time, that is, to prevent the hydraulic oil from leaking from the piston 7 to the outside of the cylinder 1, and to prevent external contaminants from entering the interior of the hydraulic cylinder. The Y-shaped sealing ring 9 is usually made of oil-resistant rubber, polyurethane or other synthetic materials. These materials have good elasticity and wear resistance and can maintain stable sealing performance under high pressure and high temperature environments. The Y-shaped sealing ring 9 is installed in the groove 8 of the piston 7, and its lip is in close contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 1 to form a seal. The two lips of the Y-shaped sealing ring 9 can provide initial sealing and secondary sealing respectively. This double sealing mechanism improves the reliability of the seal.

[0030] It should be noted that the O-ring 16 is a circular rubber sealing ring, which mainly plays the role of static sealing in the hydraulic cylinder. By installing the O-ring 16 in the limiting groove 17, the hydraulic oil can be prevented from leaking from the connection between the piston rod 6 and the piston 7. The O-ring 16 is usually made of oil-resistant rubber, fluororubber, silicone or other synthetic materials, which have good elasticity and chemical corrosion resistance. The O-ring 16 is installed in the limiting groove 17. When the piston rod 6 is connected to the piston 7, the O-ring 16 is in close contact with the piston 7 to form a seal. The limiting groove 17 is a circular concave groove structure at the connection end of the piston rod 6 and the piston 7, which is used to install the O-ring 16. The main function of the limiting groove 17 is to provide a fixed position for the O-ring 16 to ensure that the O-ring 16 remains in the correct position during the operation of the cylinder, thereby effectively exerting its sealing effect.

[0031] It should be noted that the design of the exhaust valve 4 includes an exhaust hole and a one-way valve. The exhaust hole is an opening of the exhaust valve 4 that is directly connected to the interior of the cylinder barrel 1 of the hydraulic cylinder. It provides a channel so that the gas inside the cylinder barrel 1 can be discharged to the external environment. A one-way valve is a valve that only allows fluid to flow in one direction. It allows gas to be discharged from the interior of the cylinder barrel 1, but prevents gas or liquid from flowing back into the cylinder barrel 1. This one-way flow characteristic ensures that gas can only be discharged to the outside and will not re-enter the interior of the cylinder barrel 1. During the startup or operation of the hydraulic cylinder, air may accumulate inside the cylinder barrel 1, which will affect the performance of the cylinder and even cause damage to the cylinder. The exhaust valve 4 allows this air to be discharged through the exhaust hole, reducing cavitation inside the cylinder barrel 1 and improving the working efficiency of the cylinder. The design of the one-way valve ensures that the exhausted gas will not re-enter the interior of the cylinder barrel 1, avoiding the repeated accumulation of gas during the operation of the cylinder.

[0032] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A new hydraulic cylinder for machine tools, characterized in that: include: A cylinder barrel (1), wherein the cylinder barrel (1) is a hollow cylinder, and a front end cover (2) and a rear end cover (3) are respectively installed at both ends of the cylinder barrel (1), the front end cover (2) is provided with a center hole, and the rear end cover (3) is provided with an exhaust valve (4); A guide cylinder (5), the guide cylinder (5) being arranged on the front end cover (2) and being coaxially arranged with the center hole of the front end cover (2); A piston rod (6), wherein the piston rod (6) passes through the front end cover (2) and the guide cylinder (5) and then extends into the interior of the cylinder (1), and the piston rod (6) is slidably connected to the guide cylinder (5) and the front end cover (2); A piston (7), wherein the piston (7) is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod (6), and a plurality of grooves (8) are provided around the piston (7); A sealing ring (9), the sealing ring (9) being arranged in the groove (8) to achieve close fit between the piston (7) and the cylinder (1); Pull rods (10), wherein a plurality of pull rods (10) are evenly arranged around the cylinder (1), and both ends of the pull rods (10) are respectively connected to the front end cover (2) and the rear end cover (3); A fixing block (11) is provided at the middle section of the pull rod (10) and connects a plurality of the pull rods (10). Both side walls of the fixing block (11) are provided with protrusions (12).

2. The new hydraulic cylinder for machine tools according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a positioning groove (13) and a dust ring (14), wherein the positioning groove (13) is arranged inside the guide cylinder (5), the dust ring (14) is arranged inside the positioning groove (13), and the dust ring (14) is in close contact with the piston rod (6) and the guide cylinder (5).

3. The new hydraulic cylinder for machine tools according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a shaft retaining ring (15), which is sleeved on the piston rod (6) and fixed inside the through hole of the front end cover (2).

4. The new hydraulic cylinder for machine tools according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sealing ring (9) is Y-shaped.

5. The new hydraulic cylinder for machine tools according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an O-ring (16) and a limiting groove (17), wherein the limiting groove (17) is arranged at one end of the piston rod (6) connected to the piston (7), the O-ring (16) is arranged in the limiting groove (17), and the O-ring (16) is in close contact with the piston (7).

6. The new hydraulic cylinder for machine tools according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The exhaust valve (4) comprises an exhaust hole and a one-way valve, wherein the one-way valve allows gas to be discharged from the interior of the cylinder (1) while preventing gas from flowing back.

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