Waste alkali liquor incineration device

Abstract

The utility model provides a waste alkali liquor incineration device which comprises a furnace body, an air box is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body, a combustor is arranged on the air box, the upper portion of the combustor is connected with the upper end of the air box through a mounting flange, the lower end of the combustor is connected with the upper end of the furnace body, and the combustor comprises an outer barrel which is internally provided with an inner barrel. An interlayer barrel is arranged between the outer barrel and the inner barrel, a porous grating is arranged on the side wall of the outer barrel, combustion-supporting air enters the combustor through the porous grating, and the combustor is used for jetting flames formed by waste gas and waste liquid and the combustion-supporting air into the furnace body. The load of the combustor is flexibly adjusted, a good flame state is kept, waste gas and waste liquid are sufficiently incinerated, the situation that the waste gas and the waste liquid are subjected to polymerization reaction to block a pipeline and a spray head, and consequently flames are unstable can be avoided, and emission of pollutants can reach the standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of combustion devices, in particular to a waste alkali liquid incineration device. Background Art

[0002] As an important basic organic chemical raw material, propylene oxide has a wide range of uses. In recent years, the 12th Five-Year Plan period has been a peak period for propylene oxide capacity expansion in my country. In particular, propylene oxide has attracted widespread attention in recent years. Propylene oxide is widely used and has greater development potential. The co-oxidation process of propylene oxide (ethylbenzene co-oxidation method PO / SM) will produce some waste liquid, which needs to be treated by high-temperature oxidation method for environmental protection.

[0003] The incineration of waste gas and waste liquid generated by the PO / SM process has become a hot topic and difficult problem for environmental protection. The main components of the waste liquid are propylene glycol, heavy alcohol, sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, organic sodium salts, etc. The waste gas and waste liquid generated by the EB / POSM (propylene oxide / styrene) device are of many types, complex components, and easy to polymerize. In addition, the flow rate and composition of the device vary greatly under different working conditions. The pressure and flow fluctuations of the waste gas and waste liquid will affect the incineration temperature, resulting in incomplete incineration and excessive pollutant emissions. In addition, the polymerization reaction of the waste gas and waste liquid will also block the pipes and nozzles, resulting in unstable flames. Therefore, the incinerator of the EB / POSM (propylene oxide / styrene) device has higher requirements on the adaptability and adjustment ratio of the burner. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the utility model aims to propose a waste alkali liquid incineration device to solve the problems in the prior art of incineration treatment of waste gas and waste liquid generated by the PO / SM process, such as insufficient incineration, excessive pollutant emissions, polymerization reaction of waste gas and waste liquid that blocks pipes and nozzles, and causes unstable flames.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is achieved as follows:

[0006] A waste alkali liquid incineration device comprises a furnace body, a bellows is provided at the upper end of the furnace body, the bellows is provided with a burner, the upper part of the burner is connected to the upper end of the bellows via a mounting flange, the lower end of the burner is connected to the upper end of the furnace body, the bellows is connected to a combustion-supporting air duct, combustion-supporting air enters the bellows via the combustion-supporting air duct, the burner comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder is provided within the outer cylinder, an interlayer cylinder is provided between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, a porous grille is provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder, the combustion-supporting air enters the burner via the porous grille, and the burner is used to spray a flame formed by waste gas and waste liquid and the combustion-supporting air into the furnace body;

[0007] The burner is provided with a plurality of long-open flame fuel spray guns, which are evenly distributed around the center line of the burner. The long-open flame fuel spray guns are used to maintain the state of the flame in the burner. The burner is provided with a POSM by-product fuel oil center spray gun, which is coaxially arranged with the center line of the burner. The long-open flame fuel spray guns surround the POSM by-product fuel oil center spray gun, and the POSM by-product fuel oil center spray gun is used to adjust the load of the burner. The inner wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a POSM by-product fuel oil side spray gun and a heavy alcohol liquid atomizing spray gun. The POSM by-product fuel oil side spray guns and the heavy alcohol liquid atomization spray guns are alternately and evenly distributed along the inner wall of the inner cylinder, which are used to enhance the stability of combustion and improve the efficiency of combustion. A plurality of heating fuel spray guns are provided on the outside of the inner cylinder, and the plurality of heating fuel spray guns are evenly distributed along the outside of the inner cylinder, which are used to increase the temperature inside the furnace body when the furnace body starts to heat up. A heavy ethylene glycol atomization spray gun, a TBC butadiene waste liquid atomization spray gun and a POSM by-product gas spray gun are provided between the inner cylinder and the interlayer cylinder to increase the load of the burner. A waste alkali liquid spray gun is provided on the side wall of the furnace body to spray waste alkali liquid into the furnace body.

[0008] The waste alkali liquid incineration device described in the present application can select different combustion modes according to the characteristics of the waste gas and waste liquid, flexibly adjust the load of the burner, maintain a good flame state, and fully incinerate the waste gas and waste liquid. It can not only avoid the polymerization reaction of the waste gas and waste liquid to block the pipes and nozzles, resulting in unstable flames, but also ensure that the emission of pollutants meets the standards.

[0009] Furthermore, the porous grille includes a first-level porous grille and a second-level porous grille, the second-level porous grille is located at the lower side of the first-level porous grille, the burner is provided with an air regulating tube, and the air regulating tube is sleeved on the outside of the porous grille. The combustion air is divided into first-level combustion air and second-level combustion air after passing through the air regulating tube. The first-level combustion air enters the interior of the burner evenly through the first-level porous grille, and the second-level combustion air enters the interior of the burner evenly through the second-level porous grille.

[0010] This structure enables the combustion air to enter the burner evenly from all sides of the burner, avoiding flame deflection or local incomplete combustion caused by uneven distribution of combustion air.

[0011] Furthermore, a first-level swirler composed of multiple swirl blades is provided at the lower end of the inner tube. After the first-level combustion-supporting air enters the inner tube, a swirling wind can be formed along the center of the burner under the action of the first-level swirler; a second-level swirler composed of multiple guide blades is provided on the inner side of the second-level porous grid. After the second-level combustion-supporting air enters the outer tube, a radial swirl is formed under the action of the second-level swirler, and the swirl direction is consistent with the swirl direction of the first-level swirler.

[0012] The swirling wind formed in the center of the first-stage cyclone forms a flue gas recirculation zone in the cyclone center. The high-temperature flue gas flows back to the flame nozzle position, which can increase the pre-combustion temperature and improve the flame stability. The second-stage combustion-supporting air enters the burner through the second-stage porous grid and forms a radial swirl under the action of the guide vanes, which can improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel and ensure that the combustible components and toxic and harmful components in the exhaust gas and waste liquid are completely oxidized and fully decomposed into carbon dioxide and water.

[0013] Furthermore, the mounting flange is provided with an air adjustment handle, which is used to adjust the angle of the guide blade, and the adjustment range is 0° to 60°.

[0014] The air regulating handle can adjust the swirl intensity of the secondary combustion-supporting air by adjusting the angle of the guide vane. The secondary combustion-supporting air can be changed from direct air to swirl air to meet the requirements of the furnace body for flame diameter.

[0015] Furthermore, the air regulating tube is suspended at the lower end of the mounting flange through an air regulating screw rod. The mounting flange is provided with an adjusting nut. The adjusting nut is connected to the air regulating screw rod. The adjusting nut is used to control the movement of the air regulating tube in the up and down directions to change the air inlet area of ​​the first-level porous grille and the second-level porous grille.

[0016] This setting can change the air inlet annular area of ​​the primary combustion air and the secondary combustion air, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the primary combustion air and the secondary combustion air, changing the shape of the burner flame and the combustion state, so as to achieve the best emission data and incineration efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, the mounting flange is provided with a flame detector for detecting the state of the flame, the flame detector includes a first flame detector and a second flame detector, and the distance between the flame detector and the mounting flange is greater than 800 mm; an ignition gun is provided on the mounting flange, and the ignition gun is used to ignite the pilot flame fuel spray gun, and the ignition gun is provided with a third flame detector, and the third flame detector is used to detect the combustion state of the pilot flame fuel spray gun.

[0018] This design allows the flame detector to operate in a relatively stable temperature environment, reducing detection errors caused by temperature changes and improving the accuracy and stability of flame detection. The third flame detector monitors the combustion status of the pilot fuel spray gun in real time. Once flame extinction or abnormality is detected, it can immediately send a signal to trigger emergency measures such as alarm or automatic restart to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the burner.

[0019] Furthermore, the tilt angle of the swirl blades is 30°. This arrangement can reduce mechanical failures caused by angle changes and improve the stability and reliability of the equipment.

[0020] Furthermore, the air adjustment handle is provided with a locking locator for locking the guide vanes. The locking locator can lock the guide vanes at any angle to prevent the angle of the guide vanes from changing, and the secondary combustion air can switch between direct air and swirl air.

[0021] Furthermore, the mounting flange is provided with a fire-viewing hole for observing the internal status of the burner. During the combustion process, potential safety hazards such as flame extinction, flashback, and flameout may occur. The provision of the fire-viewing hole enables operators to quickly detect and address these potential problems, thereby avoiding safety accidents and improving the safety of the entire incineration device.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the waste alkali liquid incineration device described in the utility model has the following advantages:

[0023] 1) It can select different combustion modes according to the characteristics of waste gas and waste liquid, flexibly adjust the load of the burner, maintain a good flame state, and fully incinerate the waste gas and waste liquid. It can not only avoid the polymerization reaction of waste gas and waste liquid that blocks the pipes and nozzles and causes unstable flames, but also ensure that the emission of pollutants meets the standards;

[0024] 2) Under the condition of consuming very little fuel, relying on the combustible components of the waste gas and waste liquid itself, a stable flame is formed to completely incinerate the waste alkali liquid into non-toxic and harmless industrial products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the waste alkali liquor incineration device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the waste alkali liquid incineration device according to an embodiment of the present utility model from another perspective;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the burner according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the burner according to the embodiment of the present utility model from a second perspective;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the burner according to an embodiment of the present utility model from a third perspective;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the burner according to the embodiment of the utility model from a fourth perspective;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at the middle BB;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at CC in the middle;

[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at DD in the middle;

[0034] Figure 10 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at EE in the middle;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a structural schematic diagram of the POSM by-product fuel oil central spray gun described in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1. Furnace body; 2. Bellows; 21. Combustion air duct; 3. Burner; 31. Mounting flange; 32. Outer cylinder; 33. Inner cylinder; 34. Interlayer cylinder; 35. Perforated grille; 351. Primary perforated grille; 352. Secondary perforated grille; 36. Air adjustment cylinder; 37. Swirl vane; 38. Guide vane; 39. Air adjustment handle; 41. Pilot flame fuel spray gun; 42. POSM by-product fuel oil central spray gun; 421. Primary atomizing medium inlet; 422. Primary POSM by-product fuel oil inlet; 423. Primary POSM by-product fuel oil pipe; 42 4. First atomizing medium pipe; 425. First atomizer; 4251. First steam hole; 4252. First oil hole; 426. First nozzle; 43. POSM by-product fuel oil side spray gun; 44. Heavy alcohol liquid atomizing spray gun; 45. Heating fuel spray gun; 46. Heavy ethylene glycol atomizing spray gun; 47. TBC butadiene waste liquid atomizing spray gun; 48. POSM by-product gas spray gun; 49. Waste alkali liquid spray gun; 51. Air adjustment screw; 53. Flame detector; 531. First flame detector; 532. Second flame detector; 54. Ignition gun; 100. Center line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1-11As shown, a waste alkali liquid incineration device includes a furnace body 1, a bellows 2 is provided at the upper end of the furnace body 1, and the bellows 2 is provided with a burner 3. The upper part of the burner 3 is connected to the upper end of the bellows 2 through a mounting flange 31, and the lower end of the burner 3 is connected to the upper end of the furnace body 1. The connection between the burner 3 and the furnace body 1 is configured as a trumpet shape for controlling the shape of the flame, the bellows 2 is connected to a combustion-supporting air duct 21, and the combustion-supporting air enters the bellows 2 through the combustion-supporting air duct 21, and the burner 3 includes an outer cylinder 32, an inner cylinder 33 is provided in the outer cylinder 32, and an interlayer cylinder 34 is provided between the outer cylinder 32 and the inner cylinder 33, and a side wall of the outer cylinder 32 is provided with a porous grille 35, and the combustion-supporting air enters the burner 3 through the porous grille 35, and the burner 3 is used to spray flames formed by exhaust gas and waste liquid and combustion-supporting air into the furnace body 1;

[0041] The burner 3 is provided with a plurality of long-open flame fuel spray guns 41, which are evenly distributed around the center line 100 of the burner 3, and the long-open flame fuel spray guns 41 are used to maintain the state of the flame in the burner 3. The burner 3 is provided with a POSM by-product fuel oil central spray gun 42, and the POSM by-product fuel oil central spray gun 42 is coaxially arranged with the center line 100 of the burner 3. The long-open flame fuel spray gun 41 surrounds the POSM by-product fuel oil central spray gun 42, and the POSM by-product fuel oil central spray gun 42 can effectively adjust the load of the burner 3 to ensure that the burner 3 operates stably under different working conditions. The inner wall of the inner tube 33 is provided with a POSM by-product fuel oil side spray gun 43 and a heavy alcohol liquid atomizing spray gun 44, and the POSM by-product fuel oil side spray gun 43 and the heavy alcohol liquid atomizing spray gun 44 are provided. The alcohol liquid atomizing spray guns 44 are alternately and evenly distributed along the inner wall of the inner cylinder 33. The POSM by-product fuel oil side spray guns 43 are used to cooperate with the POSM by-product fuel oil center spray gun 42 to enhance the stability of combustion. The heavy alcohol liquid atomizing spray guns 44 are used to improve the efficiency of combustion. A plurality of heating fuel spray guns 45 are provided on the outside of the inner cylinder 33. The plurality of heating fuel spray guns 45 are evenly distributed along the outside of the inner cylinder 33. The heating fuel spray guns 45 are used to increase the temperature inside the furnace body 1 when the furnace body 1 starts to heat up. A heavy ethylene glycol atomizing spray gun 46, a TBC butadiene waste liquid atomizing spray gun 47 and a POSM by-product gas spray gun 48 are provided between the inner cylinder 33 and the interlayer cylinder 34 to increase the load of the burner 3. A waste alkali liquid spray gun 49 is provided on the side wall of the furnace body 1 to spray waste alkali liquid into the furnace body 1.

[0042] The waste alkali liquid incineration device described in the present application can select different combustion modes according to the characteristics of the waste gas and waste liquid when incinerating the waste gas and waste liquid generated by the PO / SM process, flexibly adjust the load of the burner, maintain a good flame state, and fully incinerate the waste gas and waste liquid. It can not only avoid the polymerization reaction of the waste gas and waste liquid to block the pipes and nozzles, resulting in unstable flames, but also ensure that the emission of pollutants meets the standards.

[0043] Preferably, the burner 3 is configured as a mixed-firing burner 3, which is suitable for incinerating waste gas and waste liquid generated by various PO / SM processes.

[0044] Preferably, the burner 3 is provided with 3 to 6 independent pilot flame fuel spray guns 41, the upper ends of the pilot flame fuel spray guns 41 are collected in the gas collecting chamber of the mounting flange 31, and the lower ends extend out of the first-stage cyclone. The lower ends of the pilot flame fuel spray guns 41 are provided with fuel spray holes, and the fuel is sprayed out from the fuel spray holes and sprayed to the surroundings along the lower end of the first-stage cyclone.

[0045] Preferably, the upper end of the POSM by-product fuel oil central spray gun 42 is fixed on the mounting flange 31, and the POSM by-product fuel oil central spray gun 42 includes a first atomizing medium inlet 421, a first POSM by-product fuel oil inlet 422, a first POSM by-product fuel oil pipe 423, a first atomizing medium pipe 424, a first atomizer 425 and a first nozzle 426. The first POSM by-product fuel oil pipe 423 and the first atomizing medium pipe 424 are coaxially arranged, and a first atomizer 425 is provided in the first POSM by-product fuel oil pipe 423. The oil passage, the annular channel between the first POSM by-product fuel oil pipe 423 and the first atomizing medium pipe 424 is set as the first atomizing medium channel. The atomizing medium adopts steam. The first atomizer 425 is provided with a first steam hole 4251 and a first oil hole 4252. Steam passes through the first steam hole 4251, and the POSM by-product fuel oil passes through the first oil hole 4252. They are cross-mixed in the first atomizer 425 and then ejected by the first nozzle 426. The steam expands and tears the oil film to form tiny droplets, which are then mixed with air to start combustion.

[0046] Preferably, the average atomized particle size is less than 80 μm.

[0047] Preferably, the upper ends of the POSM by-product fuel oil side spray gun 43 and the heavy alcohol liquid atomizing spray gun 44 are fixed on the mounting flange 31, the atomizing medium of the POSM by-product fuel oil side spray gun 43 is steam, and the atomizing medium of the heavy alcohol liquid atomizing spray gun 44 is compressed air, the POSM by-product fuel oil side spray gun 43 includes a second atomizing medium inlet, a second POSM by-product fuel oil inlet, a second POSM by-product fuel oil pipe, a second atomizing medium pipe, a second atomizer and a second nozzle, and the second POSM by-product fuel oil pipe It is coaxially arranged with the second atomizing medium pipe, a second oil passage is provided in the second POSM by-product fuel oil pipe, the annular channel between the second POSM by-product fuel oil pipe and the second atomizing medium pipe is set as the second atomizing medium passage, steam is used as the atomizing medium, and the atomizer is provided with a second steam hole and a second oil hole. Steam passes through the second steam hole, and after the POSM by-product fuel oil passes through the second oil hole, it is cross-mixed in the second atomizer and then sprayed out by the second nozzle. The steam expands and tears the oil film to form tiny droplets, which are then mixed with air to start combustion. The heavy alcohol liquid atomizing spray gun 44 includes a third atomizing medium inlet, a third heavy alcohol liquid inlet, a third heavy alcohol liquid pipe, a third atomizing medium pipe, a third atomizer and a third nozzle. The third heavy alcohol liquid pipe and the third atomizing medium pipe are coaxially arranged. A third waste liquid channel is provided in the third heavy alcohol liquid pipe. The annular channel between the third heavy alcohol liquid pipe and the third atomizing medium pipe is set as the third atomizing medium channel. The atomizer is provided with a third steam hole and a third oil hole. Air passes through the third steam hole, and after the heavy alcohol liquid passes through the third oil hole, it is cross-mixed in the third atomizer and then sprayed out by the third nozzle. The compressed air expands and tears the liquid film to form tiny droplets, which then mix with the air and start burning.

[0048] Preferably, the upper end of the heating fuel spray gun 45 is fixed on the mounting flange 31 , and the heating fuel spray gun 45 includes a gas inlet, a gas riser, a gas collecting chamber, a gas branch pipe and a gas nozzle.

[0049] Preferably, the combustion flame of the long-fire fuel spray gun 41 directly ignites the heated fuel gas spray gun, and the injection angle of the heated fuel sprayed by the heated fuel gas spray gun is consistent with the swirl direction of the primary combustion air and the secondary combustion air, and rotates uniformly in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, forming a flue gas recirculation zone in the center of the burner 3, thereby improving the stability of the flame and reducing the emission of thermal NOX.

[0050] Preferably, the upper ends of the heavy ethylene glycol atomizing spray gun 46 and the TBC butadiene waste liquid atomizing spray gun 47 are fixed on the mounting flange 31. The heavy ethylene glycol atomizing spray gun 46 includes a fourth atomizing medium inlet, a fourth waste liquid inlet, a fourth waste liquid pipe, a fourth atomizing medium pipe, a fourth atomizer and a fourth nozzle. The fourth waste liquid pipe and the fourth atomizing medium pipe are coaxially arranged. A fourth waste liquid channel is set in the fourth waste liquid pipe. The annular channel between the fourth waste liquid pipe and the fourth atomizing medium pipe is set as the fourth atomizing medium channel. The atomizer is provided with a fourth steam hole and a fourth oil hole. After the air passes through the fourth steam hole and the heavy ethylene glycol passes through the fourth oil hole, the air and the waste liquid pass through the air and waste liquid spray holes of the fourth atomizer, cross-mix in the fourth atomizer, and then are sprayed out by the fourth nozzle. The compressed air expands and tears the liquid film to form tiny droplets, which then mix with the air to start combustion. The TBC butadiene waste liquid atomizing spray gun 47 includes a fifth atomizing medium inlet, a fifth waste liquid inlet, a fifth waste liquid pipe, a fifth atomizing medium pipe, a fifth atomizer and a fifth nozzle. The fifth waste liquid pipe and the fifth atomizing medium pipe are coaxially arranged. A fifth waste liquid channel is provided in the fifth waste liquid pipe. The annular channel between the fifth waste liquid pipe and the fifth atomizing medium pipe is provided as the fifth atomizing medium channel. The atomizer is provided with a fifth steam hole and a fifth oil hole. Air passes through the fifth steam hole. After the TBC butadiene waste liquid passes through the fifth oil hole, it is cross-mixed in the fifth atomizer and then sprayed out by the fifth nozzle. The compressed air expands and tears the liquid film to form tiny droplets, which then mix with the air and begin to burn.

[0051] Preferably, the POSM by-product gas spray gun 48 is composed of a POSM by-product gas collecting pipe and four nozzles, and the four nozzles are connected to the POSM by-product gas collecting pipe through flanges.

[0052] Preferably, the POSM by-product gas contains heavy components such as ethylbenzene, styrene, and propylene oxide, which have the characteristics of low boiling point, volatility, flammability, explosiveness, high reaction heat, and toxicity. Polymerization reaction and high-temperature carbon deposition are prone to occur in the nozzle, which may clog the nozzle in severe cases. Therefore, the nozzle of the POSM by-product gas spray gun 48 is set to be a threaded connection, and a copper gasket is provided inside to seal the nozzle, which is convenient for disassembly and maintenance of the nozzle.

[0053] Preferably, a flue brick is provided at the connection between the burner 3 and the furnace body 1, and the interior of the flue brick connected to the furnace is trumpet-shaped for controlling the shape of the flame.

[0054] Preferably, the furnace body 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the side walls of the furnace body 1 adopt a water-cooled wall structure. The surface of the water-cooled wall is covered with refractory material, which can effectively prevent NaOH and Na2CO3 in the waste liquid from corroding the furnace tubes. Waste alkali liquid spray guns 49 are provided in the long side direction of the side walls of the furnace body 1, with 3 to 10 guns arranged on each side, preferably 5 guns, for a total of 10 guns. The waste alkali liquid spray guns 49 are inserted obliquely downward into the furnace, and the waste alkali liquid spray guns 49 form an angle of 30° to 50° with the center line of the furnace, preferably 45°; the main component of the waste alkali liquid is water, and it also contains other organic components such as NaOH, sodium salt, propylene glycol, ethylbenzene, ketone, ether, etc. The waste alkali liquid is sprayed into the bottom of the flame zone in the furnace, and after high-temperature gasification and incineration, CO2, H2O, Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 are generated.

[0055] Preferably, the mounting flange 31 is provided with a fire-viewing hole 310 for observing the internal state of the burner 3. During the combustion process, safety hazards such as flame extinction, flashback, and flameout may occur. The provision of the fire-viewing hole 310 enables operators to quickly detect and address these potential problems, thereby avoiding safety accidents and improving the safety of the entire incineration device.

[0056] Let me explain here that, depending on the different upstream processes, various waste gases and waste liquids have a wide range of flow fluctuations. The flow rate variation range of the heavy alcohol liquid spray gun is 1:3, the flow rate variation range of heavy ethylene glycol waste liquid is 1:3, the flow rate variation range of butadiene waste liquid is 1:3, and the flow rate variation range of POSM by-product gas is 1:4.

[0057] The burner 3 uses POSM by-product fuel oil to adjust the furnace load. POSM by-product fuel oil has a high calorific value of about 32 to 35 MJ / kg. The adjustable range of the POSM by-product fuel oil flow is 1:7. The long-open flame fuel spray gun 41 is used to maintain the temperature of the flame center of the burner 3 and improve the stability of the flame. When the flow of heavy alcohol liquid, heavy ethylene glycol, TBC butadiene waste liquid and POSM by-product gas changes, the waste oil flow of the POSM by-product fuel oil center spray gun 42 is stabilized first. By adjusting the oil injection amount of the POSM by-product fuel oil side spray gun 43, the load requirements of the furnace for incinerating waste alkali liquid are stabilized.

[0058] When the amount of POSM by-product fuel oil is insufficient, the heating fuel spray gun 45 adjusts the load of the burner 3 by adding methane hydrogen fuel to meet the furnace temperature requirement for incinerating the waste alkali liquid, and controls the furnace temperature between 1000℃ and 1100℃, so that the incineration efficiency of the waste gas and waste liquid reaches 99.9%.

[0059] As a preferred example of the present invention, the porous grille 35 includes a first-level porous grille 351 and a second-level porous grille 352. The second-level porous grille 352 is located on the lower side of the first-level porous grille 351. The burner 3 is provided with an air regulating tube 36. The air regulating tube 36 is sleeved on the outside of the porous grille 35. The combustion air is divided into first-level combustion air and second-level combustion air after passing through the air regulating tube 36. The first-level combustion air enters the interior of the burner 3 evenly through the first-level porous grille 351, and the second-level combustion air enters the interior of the burner 3 evenly through the second-level porous grille 352.

[0060] Specifically, this structure enables the combustion-supporting air to enter the interior of the burner 3 evenly from all sides of the burner 3, thereby avoiding flame deflection or local incomplete combustion caused by uneven distribution of the combustion-supporting air.

[0061] Preferably, the secondary porous grille 352 is configured as a pleated structure, shaped like the teeth of a gear. This structure can increase the ventilation area and reduce air resistance, while also increasing the rigidity of the secondary porous grille 352 and reducing deformation.

[0062] As a preferred example of the present invention, a first-level swirler composed of a plurality of swirl blades 37 is provided at the lower end of the inner tube 33. After the first-level combustion air enters the inner tube 33, a swirling wind can be formed along the center of the burner 3 under the action of the first-level swirler; a second-level swirler composed of a plurality of guide blades 38 is provided on the inner side of the second-level porous grille 352. After the second-level combustion air enters the outer tube 32, a radial swirl is formed under the action of the second-level swirler, and the swirl direction is consistent with the swirl direction of the first-level swirler.

[0063] Specifically, the swirling wind formed in the center of the first-stage swirler forms a flue gas recirculation zone in the center of the swirling flow, and the high-temperature flue gas flows back to the flame nozzle position, which can increase the pre-combustion temperature and improve the flame stability. The first-stage combustion air in the inner tube 33 is mixed with the fuel to burn as oxygen-deficient combustion, which can effectively control the combustion temperature of the central flame, burn to form a reducing atmosphere, and inhibit the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides. The secondary combustion air enters the burner 3 through the secondary porous grid 352, and forms a radial vortex under the action of the guide vane 38. It is sprayed into the combustion channel composed of refractory bricks through the annular channel between the inner tube 33 and the outer tube 32, and is mixed with the fuel to burn. The secondary combustion air in the outer tube 32 is mixed with the fuel for over-oxygen combustion, which can improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel and meet the requirements that the combustible components and toxic and harmful components in the exhaust gas and waste liquid are completely oxidized and fully decomposed into carbon dioxide and water.

[0064] Preferably, the angle of the swirl blade 37 is fixed, and preferably the inclination angle of the swirl blade 37 is 30°. This setting can reduce mechanical failures caused by angle changes and improve the stability and reliability of the equipment.

[0065] Preferably, the guide vanes 38 are adjustable and can adapt to more complex working conditions.

[0066] As a preferred example of the present invention, the mounting flange 31 is provided with an air adjustment handle 39 , and the air adjustment handle 39 is used to adjust the angle of the guide blade 38 , and the adjustment range is 0° to 60°.

[0067] Specifically, the air adjustment handle 39 can adjust the swirl intensity of the secondary combustion air by adjusting the angle of the guide blade 38. The secondary combustion air can be changed from direct air to swirl air to meet the requirements of the furnace body 1 for the flame diameter. The greater the swirl intensity, the shorter the flame and the larger the flame diameter. The preferred inclination angle of the guide blade 38 is 30°.

[0068] As a preferred example of the present invention, the air adjustment handle 39 is provided with a locking positioning piece, which is used to position and lock the guide blade 38.

[0069] Specifically, the locking positioning member can position and lock the guide vane 38 at any angle to prevent the angle of the guide vane 38 from changing, and the secondary combustion air can be switched between direct air and swirl air.

[0070] As a preferred example of the present invention, the air regulating cylinder 36 is suspended at the lower end of the mounting flange 31 through the air regulating screw 51. The mounting flange 31 is provided with an adjusting nut, which is connected to the air regulating screw 51. The adjusting nut is used to control the movement of the air regulating cylinder 36 in the up and down directions, and is used to change the air inlet area of ​​the first-level porous grille 351 and the second-level porous grille 352.

[0071] Specifically, this setting can change the air inlet ring area of ​​the primary combustion air and the secondary combustion air, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the primary combustion air and the secondary combustion air, changing the shape and combustion state of the burner 3 flame, so as to achieve the best emission data and incineration efficiency.

[0072] Preferably, the air regulating cylinder 36 is suspended at the lower end of the mounting flange 31 through a plurality of air regulating screw rods 51 .

[0073] As a preferred example of the present invention, the mounting flange 31 is provided with a flame detector 53 for detecting the state of the flame. The flame detector 53 includes a first flame detector 531 and a second flame detector 532. The distance between the flame detector 53 and the mounting flange 31 is greater than 800 mm.

[0074] Specifically, the distance between the flame detector 53 and the mounting flange 31 is greater than 800 mm, which can effectively reduce the impact of the high temperature of the mounting flange 31 and the surrounding area on the flame detector 53. This design enables the flame detector 53 to operate in a relatively stable temperature environment, reduces the detection error caused by temperature changes, and improves the accuracy and stability of flame detection.

[0075] Preferably, the flame detector 53 is connected to the flame detection hole through a flange.

[0076] As a preferred example of the present invention, an ignition gun 54 is provided on the mounting flange 31 , and the ignition gun 54 is used to ignite the pilot flame fuel spray gun 41 . The ignition gun 54 is provided with a third flame detector, and the third flame detector is used to detect the combustion state of the pilot flame fuel spray gun 41 .

[0077] Specifically, this arrangement facilitates automatic ignition of the pilot flame fuel spray gun 41, thereby improving operational efficiency and safety. The third flame detector monitors the combustion status of the pilot flame fuel spray gun 41 in real time. Once flame extinction or abnormality is detected, a signal can be immediately issued to trigger emergency measures such as alarm or automatic restart to ensure continuous and stable operation of the burner.

[0078] The utility model also provides a combustion method of a waste alkali liquid incineration device, which is used for the above-mentioned waste alkali liquid incineration device, comprising the steps of:

[0079] Step 1: Start the combustion-supporting blower to purge the interior of the furnace body 1 and proceed to step 2;

[0080] Step 2: Use the ignition gun 54 to ignite the pilot flame fuel spray gun 41, and then proceed to step 3;

[0081] Step 3: Detect and determine whether the burning time of the pilot flame fuel spray gun 41 is greater than or equal to 5 seconds. If so, proceed to step 4; if not, proceed to step 2;

[0082] Step 4: Start the heating fuel spray gun 45 and proceed to step 5;

[0083] Step 5: Detect and determine whether the heating fuel spray gun 45 has been ignited. If so, proceed to step 6; if not, proceed to step 4;

[0084] Step 6: Close the pilot flame fuel spray gun 41 and proceed to step 7;

[0085] Step 7: When the temperature in the furnace body 1 reaches 800°C to 850°C, the POSM by-product fuel oil central spray gun 42 and the POSM by-product fuel oil side spray gun 43 are started, and the process proceeds to Step 8;

[0086] Step 8: When the temperature in the furnace body 1 reaches 900°C, the heating fuel spray gun 45 is closed and the process proceeds to step 9;

[0087] Step 9: When the temperature in the furnace body 1 reaches 950° C., the heavy alcohol liquid atomizing spray gun 44, the heavy ethylene glycol atomizing spray gun 46, the TBC butadiene waste liquid atomizing spray gun 47 and the POSM by-product gas spray gun 48 are sequentially turned on, and the process proceeds to Step 10;

[0088] Step 10: When the temperature inside the furnace body 1 reaches 1000°C, the waste alkali liquid spray guns 49 on both sides of the furnace body 1 are started in sequence. By adjusting the fuel oil spray rate of the POSM by-product fuel oil side spray guns 43, the incineration temperature inside the furnace body 1 is adjusted to 1000°C~1100°C, and the flow rate of the combustion-supporting air is adjusted to stabilize the oxygen content in the flue gas at about 3%, so that the incineration efficiency of the waste gas and waste liquid reaches 99.9%.

[0089] Specifically, the waste alkali liquid incineration device is provided with a combustion-supporting blower. By starting the combustion-supporting blower to blow the inside of the furnace body 1, combustible gases or residues that may exist in the furnace can be removed, effectively preventing safety accidents such as explosions during ignition. By precisely controlling the ignition and start-up sequence of the fuel spray gun, as well as the gradual increase in the furnace body temperature, it is ensured that the fuel can be fully burned and the combustion efficiency is improved. By selecting appropriate fuel spray guns for heating at different temperature stages, the combustion characteristics of various fuels are fully utilized to achieve the best incineration effect. The incineration temperature is adjusted to 1000℃~1100℃, and the oxygen content in the flue gas is stabilized at about 3%, which is conducive to the full incineration of waste gas and waste liquid and the decomposition of harmful substances.

[0090] Preferably, in step 3, the third flame detector is used to detect the flame status of the pilot fuel lance 41; in step 5, the first flame detector 531, the second flame detector 532, and the third flame detector are used to detect the flame status of the heating fuel lance 45. If the signals fed back by any two flame detectors 53 are normal, the safe operating conditions are met. Using multiple flame detectors for detection allows the remaining flame detectors to continue providing valid signals even if one flame detector fails or misjudges, thus avoiding malfunctions or safety hazards caused by the failure of a single detection point. This redundant design enhances the reliability and stability of the system.

[0091] Preferably, in step 5, the heating fuel spray gun 45 heats the furnace body 1 at a rate of 50°C / h. The combustion-supporting air flow rate is required to ensure full combustion of the fuel and maintain the oxygen content in the flue gas at 4% to 8%. The heating fuel spray gun 45 heats the furnace body 1 at a rate of 50°C / h. This stable heating rate helps avoid a sharp rise in the furnace body temperature, reduces damage to the furnace body material caused by thermal stress, ensures uniform heating of all parts of the furnace body 1, extends the service life of the equipment, and maintains the oxygen content in the flue gas within the range of 4% to 8%, thereby reducing the generation of harmful substances and reducing environmental pollution.

[0092] Preferably, in step 8, the gas consumption of the heating fuel spray gun 45 is gradually reduced until the heating fuel spray gun 45 is completely closed.

[0093] The waste alkali liquid incineration device described in the present application has the following advantages: 1) It can select different combustion modes according to the characteristics of waste gas and waste liquid, flexibly adjust the load of the burner, maintain a good flame state, and fully incinerate the waste gas and waste liquid, which can not only avoid the polymerization reaction of waste gas and waste liquid to block the pipes and nozzles, resulting in unstable flames, but also ensure that the emission of pollutants meets the standards; 2) Under the condition of consuming very little fuel, relying on the combustible components of the waste gas and waste liquid themselves, a stable flame is formed to completely incinerate the waste alkali liquid into non-toxic and harmless industrial products; 3) The load adjustment range of burner 3 is large, the maximum adjustment ratio of a single spray gun is 1:7, and the overall adjustment ratio of burner 3 is 1:50. Multiple spray guns are set for each type of waste gas and waste liquid, which can adapt to the large range of changes in the flow rate of waste gas and waste liquid, and better realize fuel substitution to ensure the requirements of the incineration device for the incineration of waste alkali liquid.

[0094] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A waste alkali liquor incineration device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a furnace body (1), wherein a wind box (2) is provided at the upper end of the furnace body (1), and a burner (3) is provided in the wind box (2), the upper part of the burner (3) is connected to the upper end of the wind box (2) through a mounting flange (31), and the lower end of the burner (3) is connected to the upper end of the furnace body (1), the wind box (2) is connected to a combustion-supporting air pipe (21), and the combustion-supporting air enters the wind box (2) through the combustion-supporting air pipe (21), and the burner (3) comprises an outer cylinder (32), an inner cylinder (33) is provided in the outer cylinder (32), and an interlayer cylinder (34) is provided between the outer cylinder (32) and the inner cylinder (33), and a porous grille (35) is provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder (32), and the combustion-supporting air enters the burner (3) through the porous grille (35), and the burner (3) is used to spray flames formed by waste gas and waste liquid and combustion-supporting air into the furnace body (1); The burner (3) is provided with a plurality of long-fire fuel spray guns (41), which are evenly distributed around the center line (100) of the burner (3). The long-fire fuel spray guns (41) are used to maintain the state of the flame in the burner (3). The burner (3) is provided with a POSM by-product fuel oil central spray gun (42), which is coaxially arranged with the center line (100) of the burner (3). The long-fire fuel spray guns (41) surround the POSM by-product fuel oil central spray gun (42), and the POSM by-product fuel oil central spray gun (42) is used to adjust the load of the burner (3). The inner wall of the inner tube (33) is provided with a POSM by-product fuel oil side spray gun (43) and a heavy alcohol liquid atomizing spray gun (44). The POSM by-product fuel oil side spray gun (43) and the heavy alcohol liquid atomizing spray gun (44) are alternately and evenly distributed along the inner wall of the inner cylinder (33) to enhance the stability of combustion and improve the efficiency of combustion. The outer side of the inner cylinder (33) is provided with multiple heating fuel spray guns (45). The multiple heating fuel spray guns (45) are evenly distributed along the outer side of the inner cylinder (33) to increase the temperature inside the furnace body (1) when the furnace body (1) starts to heat up. A heavy ethylene glycol atomizing spray gun (46), a TBC butadiene waste liquid atomizing spray gun (47) and a POSM by-product gas spray gun (48) are provided between the inner cylinder (33) and the interlayer cylinder (34) to increase the load of the burner (3). A waste alkali liquid spray gun (49) is provided on the side wall of the furnace body (1) to spray the waste alkali liquid into the furnace body (1).

2. The waste alkali liquor incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous grille (35) includes a primary porous grille (351) and a secondary porous grille (352), wherein the secondary porous grille (352) is located below the primary porous grille (351). The burner (3) is provided with an air regulating tube (36), wherein the air regulating tube (36) is sleeved on the outer side of the porous grille (35). After passing through the air regulating tube (36), the combustion-supporting air is divided into primary combustion-supporting air and secondary combustion-supporting air. The primary combustion-supporting air evenly enters the interior of the burner (3) through the primary porous grille (351), and the secondary combustion-supporting air evenly enters the interior of the burner (3) through the secondary porous grille (352).

3. The waste alkali liquor incineration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A primary swirler composed of a plurality of swirl blades (37) is provided at the lower end of the inner cylinder (33). After the primary combustion-supporting air enters the inner cylinder (33), a swirling wind can be formed along the center of the burner (3) under the action of the primary swirler; a secondary swirler composed of a plurality of guide blades (38) is provided on the inner side of the secondary porous grid (352). After the secondary combustion-supporting air enters the outer cylinder (32), a radial swirling flow is formed under the action of the secondary swirler, and the swirling direction is consistent with the swirling direction of the primary swirler.

4. The waste alkali liquor incineration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting flange (31) is provided with an air adjustment handle (39), and the air adjustment handle (39) is used to adjust the angle of the guide blade (38), and the adjustment range is 0° to 60°.

5. The waste alkali liquor incineration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air regulating cylinder (36) is suspended at the lower end of the mounting flange (31) through the air regulating screw rod (51); the mounting flange (31) is provided with an adjusting nut, the adjusting nut being connected to the air regulating screw rod (51); the adjusting nut being used to control the movement of the air regulating cylinder (36) in the up and down directions, thereby changing the air inlet area of ​​the first-level porous grille (351) and the second-level porous grille (352).

6. The waste alkali liquor incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting flange (31) is provided with a flame detector (53) for detecting the state of the flame, the flame detector (53) comprising a first flame detector (531) and a second flame detector (532), and the distance between the flame detector (53) and the mounting flange (31) is greater than 800 mm; an ignition gun (54) is provided on the mounting flange (31), the ignition gun (54) is used to ignite a pilot flame fuel spray gun (41), the ignition gun (54) is provided with a third flame detector, and the third flame detector is used to detect the combustion state of the pilot flame fuel spray gun (41).

7. The waste alkali liquor incineration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the swirl blade (37) is 30°.

8. The waste alkali liquor incineration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air regulating handle (39) is provided with a locking positioning piece, and the locking positioning piece is used to position and lock the guide blade (38).

9. The waste alkali liquor incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting flange (31) is provided with a fire viewing hole (310) for observing the internal state of the burner (3).

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