Three-station extruder switching mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses a switching mechanism of a three-station extruding machine, which relates to the technical field of extruding machines and comprises a hydraulic cylinder, an output end of the hydraulic cylinder faces downwards and is provided with a mounting plate, the mounting plate is provided with a working station, a female die is mounted right below the working station, and a pre-forging male die is mounted below the mounting plate through a linear driving device. A first finish forging die and a second finish forging die are mounted below the mounting plate through a switching assembly, and the switching assembly drives the first finish forging die and the second finish forging die to alternately rotate to the working position after the pre-forging male die conducts pre-extrusion at the working position. After the pre-forging male die performs pre-extrusion, the first finish forging die and the second finish forging die alternately perform hot extrusion forming, enough cooling time is provided for the finish forging dies, the service life of the male die is prolonged, and the stability of products is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of extruders, and in particular relates to a three-station extruder switching mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The extruder is the main equipment for the production of light alloy tubes, rods and profiles. China Utility Model Patent Publication No. CN215941390U discloses a vertical double-station extruder. This extruder reduces the contact time between the punch and the high-temperature billet by adding a pre-forging station, reduces the temperature rise of the punch during operation, and extends the service life of the punch.

[0003] However, during the two-station hot extrusion production process of forged cylinder barrels, it was found that as the production cycle shortened, the wear and tear of the final forging die increased and the service life of the final forging die was sharply shortened. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the problems mentioned in the background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-station extruder switching mechanism to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A three-station extruder switching mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder faces downward and is equipped with a mounting plate, a working position is provided on the mounting plate, a die is installed directly below the working position, a pre-forging punch is installed below the mounting plate via a linear drive device, and a final forging die 1 and a final forging die 2 are installed below the mounting plate via a switching assembly. After the pre-forging punch is pre-extruded at the working position, the switching assembly drives the final forging die 1 and the final forging die 2 to rotate alternately to the working position.

[0007] As an optimal technical solution, the switching assembly includes a rotating assembly installed on a mounting plate, the output end of the rotating assembly passes through the mounting plate, and the final forging die 1 and the final forging die 2 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the output end of the rotating assembly.

[0008] As an optimal technical solution, a moving groove is opened on the bottom surface of the mounting plate along the moving trajectory of the pre-forging punch, and a rotating groove is opened along the rotation trajectory of the final forging die one and the final forging die two. The rotating groove and the moving groove are connected, and the working position is located at the connection point between the rotating groove and the moving groove.

[0009] As an optimal technical solution, a fixing component is installed in the working position of the mounting plate, and a locking component is installed on the final forging die 1, the final forging die 2 and the pre-forging punch; the fixing component has a limiting state and an ejection state. When the fixing component is in the limiting state, the locking component is locked with the fixed component for limiting, and when the fixing component is in the ejection state, the fixing component ejects the locking component.

[0010] As an optimal technical solution, the fixing component includes an installation cavity and a accommodating cavity opened from top to bottom at the working position of the installation plate. The installation cavity and the accommodating cavity are connected. A linear motor is installed in the installation cavity. A lifting plate is installed in the accommodating cavity. The lifting plate is installed on the output shaft of the linear motor. When the fixing component is in the ejected state, the lifting plate is in contact and connected with the locking component.

[0011] As an optimal technical solution, a limiting cavity is also opened below the accommodating cavity. The diameter of the limiting cavity is smaller than the diameter of the accommodating cavity. A contact plate is installed in the limiting cavity. The thickness of the contact plate is greater than the depth of the limiting cavity. The contact plate is fixedly connected to the lifting plate near one end of the die. An elastic part that is always in a compressed state is installed between the inner wall of the bottom end of the accommodating cavity and the lifting plate. When the fixing assembly is in the ejection state, the contact plate is in contact and connected with the locking assembly.

[0012] As an optimal technical solution, the locking assembly includes a lifting groove opened at the top of the final forging die 1, the final forging die 2 or the pre-forging punch, a limiting part is installed in the lifting groove, and an elastic part 2 which is always in a compressed state is installed between the lifting groove and the limiting part.

[0013] As an optimal technical solution, when the fixing assembly is in the limiting state, the lifting plate is located at the top of the accommodating cavity, and the limiting piece is stuck in the limiting cavity; when the fixing assembly is in the ejecting state, the lifting plate is close to the bottom of the accommodating cavity, the deformation of the elastic piece 1 increases, the bottom end of the contact plate extends out of the limiting cavity and contacts and connects with the limiting piece, and the deformation of the elastic piece 2 increases.

[0014] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and will become apparent from the following description or learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structure of a three-station extruder switching mechanism proposed by the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of a three-station extruder switching mechanism proposed by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structure of a three-station extruder switching mechanism proposed by the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0018] Figure 4 For this utility model Figure 2 Cross-sectional view in the AA direction.

[0019] Figure numerals: 1. Hydraulic cylinder; 2. Mounting plate; 3. Die; 4. Final forging die 1; 5. Final forging die 2; 6. Pre-forging punch; 7. Cylinder; 8. Switching assembly; 81. Motor; 82. Rotating groove; 83. Connecting rod; 9. Fixing assembly; 91. Mounting cavity; 92. Accommodating cavity; 93. Limiting cavity; 94. Linear motor; 95. Lifting plate; 96. Contact plate; 97. Elastic part 1; 10. Moving groove; 11. Engaging assembly; 111. Lifting groove; 112. Limiting part; 113. Elastic part 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar symbols throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] refer to Figures 1 to 4 The three-station extruder switching mechanism described in this embodiment includes a hydraulic cylinder 1, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 faces downward and a mounting plate 2 is installed on the output end. The bottom surface of the mounting plate 2 directly below the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is the working position, that is, position a. A die 3 is installed directly below the working position, that is, the die 3 is consistent with the axis of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 1. A cylinder 7 is installed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate 2, and a pre-forging punch 6 is installed on the output end of the cylinder 7. When the output end of the cylinder 7 extends to the longest length, the pre-forging punch 6 is located at position a. A switching component 8 is also installed on the mounting plate 2, and a final forging die 1 4 and a final forging die 2 5 are installed on the output end of the switching component 8. The final forging die 1 4 and the final forging die 2 5 rotate alternately to the working position a.

[0023] The pre-forging punch 6 first moves to the working position a for pre-extrusion. At this time, the final forging die 1 4 and the final forging die 2 5 are respectively located at b and d. The hydraulic cylinder 1 presses down to make the pre-forging punch 6 insert into the die 3 for pre-extrusion. When the pre-extrusion is completed, the cylinder 7 contracts to make the pre-forging punch 6 move away from a. At this time, the switching component 8 drives the final forging die 1 4 and the final forging die 2 5 to rotate from b and d to a and c respectively. The hydraulic cylinder 1 pushes the final forging die 1 4 to be inserted into the die 3 for final forging extrusion of the high-temperature billet. Then the above steps are repeated. When the pre-forging punch 6 pre-extrudes again, the final forging die 1 4 and the final forging die 2 5 rotate from a and c to d and b respectively. After the pre-extrusion is completed, the final forging die 1 4 and the final forging die 2 5 rotate from d and b to c and a respectively, and the final forging die 2 5 performs final forging extrusion. The final forging die 1 4 and the final forging die 2 5 perform hot extrusion alternately, giving the final forging die enough cooling time, which effectively solves the problem of short die life caused by excessive die temperature during final forging.

[0024] Preferably, a moving groove 10 is opened on the bottom surface of the mounting plate 2 along the moving track of the pre-forging punch 6 , and the top end of the pre-forging punch 6 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the moving groove 10 .

[0025] The switching assembly 8 includes a motor 81 mounted on the mounting plate 2. A connecting rod 83 is installed at the output end of the motor 81 through the mounting plate 2. The connecting rod 83 is symmetrical about the output axis of the motor 81. The final forging die 1 4 and the final forging die 2 5 are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting rod 83.

[0026] Preferably, a rotation groove 82 is opened on the bottom surface of the mounting plate 2 along the rotation trajectory of the final forging die 1 4 and the final forging die 2 5 , the rotation groove 82 is connected to the movable groove 10 , and the working position is located at the connection point of the rotation groove 82 and the movable groove 10 .

[0027] When the final forging die 1 4, the final forging die 2 5 or the pre-forging punch 6 moves to the working position a, in order to ensure that the punch is located at the correct position to avoid deviation from the die 3, a fixing component 9 is provided on the mounting plate 2 and a locking component 11 is provided on the punch. The locking of the fixing component 9 and the locking component 11 ensures that the position of the punch is accurate and the extrusion accuracy is improved.

[0028] A fixing component 9 is installed at the working position a of the mounting plate 2, and a locking component 11 is installed on the final forging die 1 4, the final forging die 2 5 and the pre-forging punch 6. The fixing component 9 has a limiting state and an ejection state. When the fixing component 9 is in the limiting state, the locking component 11 of the final forging die 1 4, the final forging die 2 5 or the pre-forging punch 6 is locked and limited with the fixing component 9, and then the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is pressed downward so that the final forging die 1 4, the final forging die 2 5 or the pre-forging punch 6 is pressed out of the die 3; when the fixing component 9 is in the ejection state, the fixing component 9 ejects the locking component 11.

[0029] The fixing assembly 9 includes an installation cavity 91, an accommodating cavity 92 and a limiting cavity 93 which are opened from top to bottom at the working position of the installation plate 2. The installation cavity 91, the accommodating cavity 92 and the limiting cavity 93 are all connected. The diameter of the limiting cavity 93 is smaller than the diameter of the accommodating cavity 92. A linear motor 94 is installed in the installation cavity 91, a lifting plate 95 is installed in the accommodating cavity 92, and a contact plate 96 is installed in the limiting cavity 93. The thickness of the contact plate 96 is greater than the depth of the limiting cavity 93. The lifting plate 95 is installed on the output shaft of the linear motor 94. The contact plate 96 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 95 near the end of the die 3. An elastic member 97 which is always in a compressed state is installed between the inner wall of the bottom end of the accommodating cavity 92 and the lifting plate 95. When the fixing assembly 9 is in the ejection state, the contact plate 96 is in contact and connected with the locking assembly 11.

[0030] When the fixing assembly 9 is in the limited state, the deformation of the elastic member 97 is smaller than that in the ejection state, the lifting plate 95 is located at the top of the accommodating cavity 92, and the locking assembly 11 of the final forging die 1 4, the final forging die 2 5 or the pre-forging punch 6 is locked in the limited cavity 93; when the fixing assembly 9 is in the ejection state, the linear motor 94 extends so that the lifting plate 95 is located at the bottom of the accommodating cavity 92, the deformation of the elastic member 97 increases, and the bottom end of the contact plate 96 extends out of the limited cavity 93 and contacts and connects with the locking assembly 11.

[0031] The engaging assembly 11 includes a lifting groove 111 opened at the top of the final forging die 1 4, the final forging die 2 5 or the pre-forging punch 6, a limiting member 112 is installed in the lifting groove 111, and an elastic member 2 113 which is always in a compressed state is installed between the lifting groove 111 and the limiting member 112. The limiting members 112 of the final forging die 1 4 and the final forging die 2 5 are slidably connected to the rotating groove 82, and the limiting member 112 of the pre-forging punch 6 is slidably connected to the movable groove 10. When the fixed assembly 9 is in the ejection state, the contact plate 96 is in contact with the limiting member 112, and the deformation of the elastic member 2 113 gradually increases.

[0032] Working process:

[0033] First, the cylinder 7 pushes the pre-forging punch 6 to move along the moving groove 10 to the working position a. During this process, the limiter 112 of the pre-forging punch 6 slides with the moving groove 10 until the pre-forging punch 6 moves to the working position a. The limiter 112 is pushed by the elastic member 113 to snap into the limiter cavity 93, ensuring that the pre-forging punch 6 is in the correct position. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 1 presses down to press the pre-forging punch 6 into the die 3 for pre-extrusion.

[0034] After the pre-extrusion is completed, the linear motor 94 pushes the lifting plate 95 downward, so that the contact plate 96 pushes the limiter 112 out of the limit cavity 93. Then, the cylinder 7 drives the pre-forging punch 6 along the moving groove 10 to approach the cylinder 7. During this process, the motor 81 drives the connecting rod 83 to rotate, so that the final forging die 1 4 located at position b rotates to position a. The limiter 112 of the final forging die 1 4 is stuck in the limit cavity 93. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 1 pushes the final forging die 1 4 into the die 3 for final forging extrusion. At this time, the final forging die 2 5 dissipates heat and cools down.

[0035] When the final forging die 1 4 rotates from position a to position d, the final forging die 2 5 rotates from position c to position b. After the pre-forging punch 6 is pre-extruded again, the final forging die 2 5 rotates from position b to position a for final forging extrusion. At this time, the final forging die 1 4 dissipates heat and cools down. By alternating between the final forging die 1 4 and the final forging die 2 5, the punch has sufficient heat dissipation time, which extends the service life of the punch and improves the stability of the product.

[0036] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0037] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this utility model, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0038] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0040] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-station extruder switching mechanism, comprising a hydraulic cylinder (1), wherein the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (1) faces downward and a mounting plate (2) is mounted on the output end, characterized in that: A working position is provided on the mounting plate (2), a die (3) is installed directly below the working position, a pre-forging punch (6) is installed below the mounting plate (2) via a linear drive device, a final forging die (4) and a second final forging die (5) are installed below the mounting plate (2) via a switching assembly (8), and after the pre-forging punch (6) is pre-extruded at the working position, the switching assembly (8) drives the first final forging die (4) and the second final forging die (5) to rotate alternately to the working position.

2. The three-station extruder switching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching assembly (8) includes a rotating assembly mounted on a mounting plate (2), an output end of the rotating assembly passes through the mounting plate (2), and a first final forging die (4) and a second final forging die (5) are symmetrically mounted at both ends of the output end of the rotating assembly.

3. The three-station extruder switching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the mounting plate (2) is provided with a moving groove (10) along the moving track of the pre-forging punch (6), and a rotating groove (82) is provided along the rotating tracks of the final forging die 1 (4) and the final forging die 2 (5). The rotating groove (82) and the moving groove (10) are connected, and the working position is located at the connecting point of the rotating groove (82) and the moving groove (10).

4. The three-station extruder switching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing assembly (9) is installed at the working position of the mounting plate (2), and a clamping assembly (11) is installed on the final forging die (4), the final forging die (5) and the pre-forging punch (6); the fixing assembly (9) has a limiting state and an ejection state. When the fixing assembly (9) is in the limiting state, the clamping assembly (11) is clamped with the fixing assembly (9) to limit the position. When the fixing assembly (9) is in the ejection state, the fixing assembly (9) ejects the clamping assembly (11).

5. The three-station extruder switching mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing assembly (9) comprises a mounting cavity (91) and an accommodating cavity (92) which are opened from top to bottom at a working position of the mounting plate (2); the mounting cavity (91) and the accommodating cavity (92) are communicated with each other; a linear motor (94) is installed in the mounting cavity (91); a lifting plate (95) is installed in the accommodating cavity (92); the lifting plate (95) is installed on the output shaft of the linear motor (94); when the fixing assembly (9) is in an ejected state, the lifting plate (95) is in contact with and connected to the engaging assembly (11).

6. The three-station extruder switching mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting cavity (93) is further provided below the accommodating cavity (92). The diameter of the limiting cavity (93) is smaller than the diameter of the accommodating cavity (92). A contact plate (96) is installed in the limiting cavity (93). The thickness of the contact plate (96) is greater than the depth of the limiting cavity (93). The contact plate (96) is fixedly connected to one end of the lifting plate (95) close to the die (3). An elastic member (97) that is always in a compressed state is installed between the inner wall of the bottom end of the accommodating cavity (92) and the lifting plate (95). When the fixing assembly (9) is in the ejection state, the contact plate (96) is in contact with the engaging assembly (11).

7. The three-station extruder switching mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The engaging assembly (11) comprises a lifting groove (111) provided at the top of the final forging die 1 (4), the final forging die 2 (5) or the pre-forging punch (6); a limiting member (112) is installed in the lifting groove (111); and an elastic member 2 (113) which is always in a compressed state is installed between the lifting groove (111) and the limiting member (112).

8. The three-station extruder switching mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the fixing assembly (9) is in a limiting state, the lifting plate (95) is located at the top of the accommodating cavity (92), and the limiting member (112) is inserted into the limiting cavity (93); when the fixing assembly (9) is in an ejecting state, the lifting plate (95) is close to the bottom of the accommodating cavity (92), the deformation of the elastic member 1 (97) increases, the bottom end of the contact plate (96) extends out of the limiting cavity (93) and contacts and connects with the limiting member (112), and the deformation of the elastic member 2 (113) increases.

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