Speed reducer lubricating system and vehicle
By designing the oil guide groove and oil return hole of the oil guide housing in the reducer, the problem of insufficient or excessive lubrication is solved, good lubrication performance and efficient transmission are achieved, oil stirring loss is reduced, and the efficiency of the electric drive assembly is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423184982.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-23
AI Technical Summary
The unreasonable design of the oil return hole in the existing reducer leads to insufficient lubrication or excessive lubricating oil, which affects the efficiency of the electric drive assembly and makes it difficult to maintain good lubrication performance and high efficiency during long-term operation.
The first oil guide groove and the second oil guide groove in the oil guide housing are designed, and the first oil return hole and the second oil return hole are respectively provided. The area ratio is limited to a specific range to ensure an appropriate amount of lubricating oil and reduce oil churning loss.
The lubrication performance of the reducer is improved, the oil churning loss is reduced, and the transmission efficiency is improved. In particular, the oil churning loss of the intermediate gear is significantly reduced, and the lubrication effect of the gears and bearings is enhanced.
Smart Images
Figure CN223411429U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a reducer lubrication system and a vehicle. Background Art
[0002] The oil guide housing in the reducer plays the role of storing oil and lubricating the gear shaft. When the reducer gear rotates, the oil in the oil guide housing is stirred, and the splashing oil fills the reducer cavity, thereby lubricating the reducer gear. The oil return hole at the bottom of the oil guide housing is used for the oil inside the reducer cavity to enter the oil guide housing to replenish the oil stirred away by the gear.
[0003] However, as the gear shaft's operating time increases, a too-small oil return hole will result in insufficient lubricating oil in the oil guide groove, making it impossible to replenish the oil churned away by the gears in a timely manner, resulting in insufficient gear lubrication. An oversized oil return hole will result in excessive lubricating oil in the oil guide groove, increasing gear churn losses and seriously affecting the efficiency of the electric drive assembly. To ensure good lubrication and high efficiency during long-term operation of the reducer assembly, it is necessary to rationally design the size of the oil return hole. Utility Model Content
[0004] The present application provides a reducer lubrication system and a vehicle to improve lubrication performance while reducing oil churning loss.
[0005] The first technical solution provided by the present application is: a reducer lubrication system, including a reducer housing, a reduction gear assembly and an oil guide housing; the reduction gear assembly is located in the reducer housing, the reduction gear assembly includes an input gear, an intermediate gear and an output gear respectively connected to the reducer housing for rotation, the intermediate gear meshes between the input gear and the output gear; the oil guide housing is fixed in the reducer housing, the oil guide housing defines a first oil guide groove and a second oil guide groove, the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove and the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove are both constructed in an arc shape, a part of the intermediate gear is accommodated in the first oil guide groove, a part of the output gear is accommodated in the second oil guide groove, the first oil guide groove The bottom wall of the groove has a first oil return hole connected to the first oil guide groove, and the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove has a second oil return hole connected to the second oil guide groove; wherein, the hole wall of the first oil return hole includes multiple first connecting segments, and the multiple first connecting segments are connected end to end to form a polygonal structure, and the hole wall of the second oil return hole includes multiple second connecting segments, and the multiple second connecting segments are connected end to end to also form a polygonal structure; the area of the first oil return hole is smaller than the area of the second oil return hole, and the area of the first oil return hole on the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove accounts for 2.58% to 7.65%, and the area of the second oil return hole on the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove accounts for 1.43% to 4.30%.
[0006] The second technical solution provided in this application is: a vehicle comprising a reducer lubrication system of any of the above solutions.
[0007] The beneficial effects of this application are:
[0008] The reducer lubrication system and the vehicle equipped with the reducer lubrication system provided in the present application include an oil guide shell, on which a first oil guide groove and a second oil guide groove are defined. The area ratio of the first oil return hole on the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove and the area ratio of the second oil return hole on the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove are limited to a certain specific range, thereby improving the lubrication performance while reducing the oil stirring loss and achieving high efficiency performance of the reducer assembly.
[0009] And because the oil stirring power loss of the intermediate gear accounts for far more than the oil stirring loss of the input gear and output gear, by setting the area of the first oil return hole to be smaller than the area of the second oil return hole, the oil stirring loss of the intermediate gear can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the transmission efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive work, among which:
[0011] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reducer lubrication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0012] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reducer lubrication system from another perspective;
[0013] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 and Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reducer lubrication system;
[0014] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 and Figure 2 Another internal structure diagram of the reducer lubrication system;
[0015] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 and Figure 4 A top view of the intermediate reduction gear assembly and the oil guide pipe;
[0016] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 The main view of the intermediate guide oil casing;
[0017] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 Top view of the intermediate guide oil casing;
[0018] Figure 8 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the intermediate guide oil casing;
[0019] Figure 9 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the intermediate guide oil casing from another perspective;
[0020] Figure 10A This is a first oil churning loss curve diagram of the reducer lubrication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0021] Figure 10B This is a second oil churning loss curve diagram of the reducer lubrication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0022] Figure 10C This is a third oil stirring loss curve diagram of the reducer lubrication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0023] Figure 10D This is a fourth oil stirring loss curve diagram of the reducer lubrication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 11 yes Figure 4 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the coordination structure between the center differential and the oil guide pipe;
[0025] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A three-dimensional schematic diagram from another perspective;
[0026] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the movement path of the oil in the oil guide pipe in the reducer lubrication system provided by an embodiment of the present application, which is sprayed through the first oil spray hole and enters the reducer housing through the communication window;
[0027] Figure 14 yes Figure 11 and Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate oil pipe;
[0028] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A partial cross-sectional view of an oil guide pipe;
[0029] Figure 16 yes Figure 14 and Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the injection-molded joint in the oil guide pipe;
[0030] Figure 17 yes Figure 1 and Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the reducer lubrication system taken along the axis parallel to the differential;
[0031] Figure 18 yes Figure 1 and Figure 2Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first half shell of the reducer in the reducer lubrication system.
[0032] Description of reference numerals:
[0033] Reducer lubrication system 10; reducer housing 100; reducer cavity 101; reducer first half shell 110; differential bearing chamber 111; bearing support portion 1111; guide portion 112; oil guide rib 1121; oil receiving surface 11210; oil guide recess 1122; reducer second half shell 120; reduction gear assembly 200; input gear 210; first input bearing 211; second input bearing 212; intermediate gear 2 20; large gear segment 2201; small gear segment 2202; first intermediate bearing 221; second intermediate bearing 222; output gear 230; differential 300; differential case 310; communication window 3100; axle sleeve 311; first differential bearing 312; second differential bearing 313; differential gear assembly 320; planetary gear 321; planetary shaft 322; axle gear 323; oil guide pipe 400; first spray Oil hole 401; second oil injection hole 402; first end 400A of the oil guide pipe; second end 400B of the oil guide pipe; first oil guide pipe body 410; injection joint 420; joint body 421; anti-drop protrusion 4211; first protruding ring 422; second protruding ring 423; second oil guide pipe body 430; first connecting joint 440; first connecting plate 441; second connecting joint 450; second connecting plate 451; oil guide housing 500; oil guide Shell body 510; oil guide shell fixing part 5101; first oil return hole 501; first connecting section 5010; second oil return hole 502; mounting hole 503; second connecting section 5020; first oil guide part 511; first oil guide groove 5110; second oil guide part 512; second oil guide groove 5120; oil guide connecting part 513; magnetic component mounting part 5130; hook 5131; magnetic component 520; oil pump 600; oil cooler 700. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0035] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
[0036] The present application provides a reducer lubrication system. In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the reducer lubrication system provided by this application. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reducer lubrication system from another perspective. Figure 3 yes Figure 1 and Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reducer lubrication system, Figure 4 yes Figure 1 and Figure 2 Another internal structure schematic diagram of the reducer lubrication system, the reducer lubrication system 10 includes a reducer housing 100, a reduction gear assembly 200 and an oil guide housing 500, and the reduction gear assembly 200 and the oil guide housing 500 are both located in the reducer housing 100.
[0037] As an example, the reducer housing 100 includes a first reducer half shell 110 and a second reducer half shell 120 to facilitate the installation of various parts inside the reducer housing 100. The first reducer half shell 110 and the second reducer half shell 120 are fixedly docked and together enclose the reducer cavity 101. Figure 3 Shown Figure 1 and Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of the reducer lubrication system 10 after removing the reducer second half shell 120, Figure 4 Shown Figure 1 and Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the reducer lubrication system 10 after removing the reducer first half shell 110.
[0038] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 yes Figure 3 and Figure 4 The schematic top view of the reduction gear assembly 200 includes an input gear 210 , an intermediate gear 220 and an output gear 230 , which are respectively rotatably connected to the reducer housing 100 , and the intermediate gear 220 is engaged between the input gear 210 and the output gear 230 .
[0039] As an example, the input gear 210 can be a shaft tooth, and the two ends of the input gear 210 are supported on the reducer housing 100 by the first input bearing 211 and the second input bearing 212 respectively, so as to realize the rotation connection of the input gear 210 relative to the reducer housing 100; the intermediate gear 220 can be a shaft tooth, and the two ends of the intermediate gear 220 are supported on the reducer housing 100 by the first intermediate bearing 221 and the second intermediate bearing 222 respectively, so as to realize the rotation connection of the intermediate gear 220 relative to the reducer housing 100, and the intermediate gear 220 has a large gear segment 2201 and a small gear segment arranged along its axial direction. The large gear segment 2202 of the input gear 210 and the large gear segment 2201 mesh with the input gear 210 to achieve power transmission from the input gear 210 to the intermediate gear 220. The output gear 230 can be a ring gear and can be fixedly connected to the differential housing (details about the differential will be described later). The differential housing is supported on the reducer housing 100 at both ends by differential bearings to achieve rotational connection of the output gear 230 relative to the reducer housing 100. The output gear 230 meshes with the small gear segment 2202 of the intermediate gear 220 to achieve power transmission from the intermediate gear 220 to the output gear 230. In this way, through the meshing of the gears, the power from the electric drive is transmitted from the input gear 210 to the intermediate gear 220 and then to the output gear 230, thereby achieving the reduction function of the reduction gear assembly 200.
[0040] The oil guide housing 500 is fixed in the reducer housing 100. Figures 6 to 9 , Figure 6 yes Figure 3 The front view of the intermediate guide oil casing 500, Figure 7 yes Figure 3 Top view of the intermediate oil guide casing 500, Figure 8 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the intermediate guide oil casing 500, Figure 9 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle oil guide housing 500 from another perspective, wherein the oil guide housing 500 defines a first oil guide groove 5110 and a second oil guide groove 5120, wherein the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove 5110 and the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove 5120 are both constructed in an arc shape, a portion of the intermediate gear 220 (specifically, a portion of the large gear segment 2201 of the intermediate gear 220) is accommodated in the first oil guide groove 5110, and a portion of the output gear 230 is accommodated in the second oil guide groove 5120, and the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove 5110 has a first oil return hole 501 communicating with the first oil guide groove 5110, and the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove 5120 has a second oil return hole 502 communicating with the second oil guide groove 5120.
[0041] Among them, the hole wall of the first oil return hole 501 includes multiple first connecting segments 5010, and the multiple first connecting segments 5010 are connected end to end to form a polygonal structure. The hole wall of the second oil return hole 502 includes multiple second connecting segments 5020, and the multiple second connecting segments 5020 are also connected end to end to form a polygonal structure.
[0042] The area of the first oil return hole 501 is smaller than that of the second oil return hole 502, and the area of the first oil return hole 501 on the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove 5110 accounts for 2.58% to 7.65%, and the area of the second oil return hole 502 on the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove 5120 accounts for 1.43% to 4.30%.
[0043] In the present application, when the intermediate gear 220 rotates, it stirs the oil in the first oil guide groove 5110, and part of the oil in the first oil guide groove 5110 is driven by the intermediate gear 220 to splash. When the output gear 230 rotates, it stirs the oil in the second oil guide groove 5120, and part of the oil in the second oil guide groove 5120 is driven by the output gear 230 to splash. The splashed oil fills the entire reducer cavity 101, realizing lubrication between the input gear 210 and the intermediate gear 220, as well as lubrication between the intermediate gear 220 and the output gear 230, and can also realize lubrication of each bearing.
[0044] As the oil in the first oil guide groove 5110 is stirred away by the intermediate gear 220, the amount of oil in the first oil guide groove 5110 becomes less, and the oil in the reducer cavity 101 can enter the first oil guide groove 5110 through the first oil return hole 501 to replenish the oil in the first oil guide groove 5110 (this is the oil return process of the first oil guide groove 5110); as the oil in the second oil guide groove 5120 is stirred away by the output gear 230, the amount of oil in the second oil guide groove 5120 becomes less, and the oil in the reducer cavity 101 can enter the second oil guide groove 5120 through the second oil return hole 502 to replenish the oil in the second oil guide groove 5120 (this is the oil return process of the second oil guide groove 5120).
[0045] The area of the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502 is related to the lubrication performance and oil churning loss inside the reducer housing 100. The specific analysis is as follows:
[0046] In the stationary state, the oil levels in the first oil guide groove 5110 and the second oil guide groove 5120 are the same. After the intermediate gear 220 and the output gear 230 rotate, the lubricating oil in the first oil guide groove 5110 and the second oil guide groove 5120 are stirred away respectively. Part of the oil will splash or drip into the reducer cavity 101. The oil in the reducer cavity 101 can re-enter the first oil guide groove 5110 through the first oil return hole 501, and the oil in the reducer cavity 101 can re-enter the second oil guide groove 5120 through the second oil return hole 502.
[0047] The smaller the area of the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502, the slower the oil return speed, and the smaller the amount of oil inside the first oil guide groove 5110 and the second oil guide groove 5120. That is, the smaller the oil height inside the first oil guide groove 5110 and the second oil guide groove 5120, the worse the lubrication effect and performance. At the same time, the smaller the area of the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502, the smaller the amount of oil inside the first oil guide groove 5110 and the second oil guide groove 5120, and the easier it is for the intermediate gear 220 and the output gear 230 to stir the oil, so the oil stirring loss is relatively smaller.
[0048] Churning loss (also known as churning power loss, expressed in kW or W) refers to the power dissipation caused by intense agitation and pressure changes in the oil during high-speed operation. This loss degrades the oil quality within the reducer, exacerbating wear on gears and bearings, shortening the life of bearings and other components, and reducing gear transmission efficiency.
[0049] In summary, the larger the area of the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502, the better the lubrication effect of the gears and bearings inside the reducer, but the greater the oil stirring loss; the smaller the area of the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502, the worse the lubrication effect of the gears and bearings inside the reducer, but the smaller the oil stirring loss.
[0050] If the area of the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502 is too small, the amount of oil in the first oil guide groove 5110 and the second oil guide groove 5120 will be insufficient, and the oil stirred away by the intermediate gear 220 and the output gear 230 cannot be replenished in time, resulting in insufficient lubrication of the reduction gear assembly 200; if the area of the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502 is too large, the amount of oil in the first oil guide groove 5110 and the second oil guide groove 5120 will be too much, increasing the gear oil stirring loss and seriously affecting the efficiency of the electric drive assembly.
[0051] For the internal transmission of the reducer, it is expected that the reducer has a larger amount of lubrication while also having a smaller oil stirring loss, so as to obtain better lubrication effect and higher transmission efficiency. Therefore, this application limits the area ratio of the first oil return hole 501 on the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove 5110 to a special range of 2.58% to 7.65%, and limits the area ratio of the second oil return hole 502 on the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove 5120 to a special range of 1.43% to 4.30%. This can enable the reducer to exhibit better lubrication performance during long-term operation while also having smaller oil stirring losses, thereby obtaining higher transmission efficiency.
[0052] Furthermore, a comparison of the churning losses of the input gear 210, the intermediate gear 220, and the output gear 230 reveals that the intermediate gear 220 contributes more to the oil churning losses of the reducer than the input gear 210 and the output gear 230. By simulating and analyzing the churning losses of the input gear 210, the intermediate gear 220, and the output gear 230, a churning loss curve can be generated with time as the horizontal axis and power as the vertical axis, thereby determining the approximate contributions of the churning losses of the input gear 210, the intermediate gear 220, and the output gear 230.
[0053] 10A to 10D The graphs of various oil stirring loss curves of the reducer are shown when the reducer has different oil stirring loss. Figures 10A to 10C In the case where an oil guide housing 500 is provided in the reducer housing 100, and the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502 on the oil guide housing 500 have different areas, Figure 10D This is the case where the oil guide housing 500 is not provided in the reducer housing 100. Specifically, Figure 10A The case where the churning loss is about 245W is shown. Figure 10B The case where the churning loss is about 170W is shown. Figure 10C The case where the churning loss is about 286W is shown. Figure 10D The churning loss is shown to be about 1305W. 10A to 10D From the various oil stirring loss curves shown, it can be seen that, in the oil stirring loss of the reducer, the proportion of the oil stirring loss of the intermediate gear 220 exceeds the proportion of the oil stirring loss of the input gear 210 and the output gear 230 .
[0054] And according to 10A to 10D It can also be seen that after the oil guide housing 500 is set in the reducer housing 100, the oil stirring loss is significantly reduced. Therefore, it can be concluded that the main function of the oil guide housing 500 is to stir the oil between the intermediate gear 220 and the output gear 230 in a smaller space, thereby reducing the oil stirring loss.
[0055] Based on the above analysis, in order to improve transmission efficiency, the area of the first oil return hole 501 should be appropriately reduced to reduce the oil stirring loss of the intermediate gear 220. The smaller the area of the first oil return hole 501, the less oil enters the first oil guide groove 5110, the lower the oil stirring loss of the intermediate gear 220, the higher the gear transmission efficiency, and the lower the overall oil stirring loss in the reducer. Therefore, by setting the area of the first oil return hole 501 to be smaller than the area of the second oil return hole 502, the amount of lubricating oil in the first oil guide groove 5110 corresponding to the first oil return hole 501 is reduced, and the oil stirring loss of the intermediate gear 220 is reduced; at the same time, based on the oil in the second oil guide groove 5120, the output gear 230 is effectively lubricated, and the intermediate gear 220 can be lubricated at the same time through gear meshing. This structural design not only reduces the overall oil stirring loss in the reducer, but also alleviates the problem of insufficient lubrication of the intermediate gear 220, effectively improving transmission efficiency.
[0056] As an example, the area of the bottom wall of the first oil guiding groove 5110 is 6015.671 square millimeters, and the area of the bottom wall of the second oil guiding groove 5120 is 11163.987 square millimeters.
[0057] In some embodiments, the area of the first oil return hole 501 is 155 to 460 square millimeters, and / or the area of the second oil return hole 502 is 160 to 480 square millimeters.
[0058] Specifically, in some embodiments, the area of the first oil return hole 501 is 311 square millimeters, and / or the area of the second oil return hole 502 is 322 square millimeters. In this case, the area of the first oil return hole 501 on the bottom wall of the first oil guiding groove 5110 accounts for 311 / 6015.671 = 5.17%, and the area of the first oil return hole 501 on the bottom wall of the second oil guiding groove 5120 accounts for 322 / 11163.987 = 2.88%.
[0059] In some embodiments, the area of the first oil return hole 501 is 155 square millimeters, and / or the area of the second oil return hole 502 is 160 square millimeters. In this case, the area of the first oil return hole 501 on the bottom wall of the first oil guiding groove 5110 accounts for 155 / 6015.671 = 2.58%, and the area of the first oil return hole 501 on the bottom wall of the second oil guiding groove 5120 accounts for 160 / 11163.987 = 1.43%.
[0060] In some embodiments, the area of the first oil return hole 501 is 460 square millimeters, and / or the area of the second oil return hole 502 is 480 square millimeters. In this case, the area of the first oil return hole 501 on the bottom wall of the first oil guiding groove 5110 accounts for 460 / 6015.671 = 7.65%, and the area of the first oil return hole 501 on the bottom wall of the second oil guiding groove 5120 accounts for 480 / 11163.987 = 4.30%.
[0061] In some embodiments, the area ratio of the first oil return hole 501 to the second oil return hole 502 is between 0.958 and 0.969. Within this range, the area ratio of the first oil return hole 501 to the second oil return hole 502 does not differ significantly from that of the second oil return hole 502, ensuring that both the first oil guide groove 5110 and the second oil guide groove 5120 have a sufficient amount of oil. However, if the area difference between the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502 is too large, insufficient oil may occur in either the first oil guide groove 5110 or the second oil guide groove 5120.
[0062] For example, when the area of the first oil return hole 501 is 155 square millimeters and the area of the second oil return hole 502 is 160 square millimeters, the area ratio of the first oil return hole 501 to the second oil return hole 502 is 155 / 160=0.969.
[0063] When the area of the first oil return hole 501 is 311 square millimeters and the area of the second oil return hole 502 is 322 square millimeters, the area ratio of the first oil return hole 501 to the second oil return hole 502 is 311 / 322=0.966.
[0064] When the area of the first oil return hole 501 is 460 square millimeters and the area of the second oil return hole 502 is 480 square millimeters, the area ratio of the first oil return hole 501 to the second oil return hole 502 is 460 / 480=0.958.
[0065] In some embodiments, the first oil return hole 501 is located at the lowest point of the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove 5110, and the second oil return hole 502 is located at the lowest point of the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove 5120. This facilitates the oil in the reducer cavity 101 to quickly enter the first oil guide groove 5110 through the first oil return hole 501, and facilitates the oil in the reducer cavity 101 to quickly enter the second oil guide groove 5120 through the second oil return hole 502. In other embodiments, the first oil return hole 501 may not be located at the lowest point of the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove 5110, but may be located at other height positions of the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove 5110, and the second oil return hole 502 may not be located at the lowest point of the second oil guide groove 5120, but may be located at other height positions of the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove 5120. However, it can be understood that setting the first oil return hole 501 at the lowest point of the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove 5110 and setting the second oil return hole 502 at the lowest point of the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove 5120 are better positions for the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502.
[0066] In some embodiments, the hole wall of the first oil return hole 501 includes four first connecting segments 5010 connected end to end, and the four first connecting segments 5010 are connected end to end to form a rectangular structure. The hole wall of the second oil return hole 502 includes four second connecting segments 5020 connected end to end, and multiple second connecting segments 5020 are also connected end to end to form a rectangular structure.
[0067] In this embodiment, the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502 are both rectangular holes. In other embodiments, the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502 may also be other polygonal structures.
[0068] Furthermore, the axial dimension of the first oil guide groove 5110 on the intermediate gear 220 is smaller than the axial dimension of the second oil guide groove 5120 on the output gear 230; the rectangular structure formed by the hole wall of the first oil return hole 501 includes a first long side and a first short side, and the rectangular structure formed by the hole wall of the second oil return hole 502 includes a second long side and a second short side, and the ratio of the first long side to the first short side is smaller than the ratio of the second long side to the second short side.
[0069] In this embodiment, the dimension of the first oil guide groove 5110 in the axial direction of the intermediate gear 220 is smaller than the dimension of the second oil guide groove 5120 in the axial direction of the output gear 230, that is, the groove width of the first oil guide groove 5110 is greater than the groove width of the second oil guide groove 5120. Generally speaking, the radius of the output gear 230 is greater than the radius of the large gear segment 2201 of the intermediate gear 220 to achieve a better deceleration effect between the intermediate gear 220 and the output gear 230. In order to increase the structural strength and rigidity of the output gear 230, the thickness of the output gear 230 is generally also greater than the thickness of the large gear segment 2201 of the intermediate gear 220. To adapt to the thickness of the output gear 230 being greater than the thickness of the large gear segment 2201 of the intermediate gear 220, the groove width of the first oil guide groove 5110 is also greater than the groove width of the second oil guide groove 5120.
[0070] The rectangles of the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502 have different aspect ratios. The first oil return hole 501 is a short and fat rectangular hole, and the second oil return hole 502 is a tall and thin rectangular hole. When the areas of the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502 are not much different, they can adapt to the different groove widths of the first oil guide groove 5110 and the second oil guide groove 5120, so that the intermediate gear 220 and the output gear 230 can fully stir the oil in the first oil guide groove 5110 and the second oil guide groove 5120 respectively.
[0071] In some embodiments, the oil guide housing 500 includes a first oil guide portion 511, a second oil guide portion 512 and an oil guide connecting portion 513. The first oil guide portion 511, the second oil guide portion 512 and the oil guide connecting portion 513 together constitute the oil guide housing body 510. The oil guide connecting portion 513 is connected between the first oil guide portion 511 and the second oil guide portion 512. The first oil guide portion 511 defines a first oil guide groove 5110, and the second oil guide portion 512 defines a second oil guide groove 5120.
[0072] In this embodiment, the provision of the oil guiding connection portion 513 can increase the connection firmness between the first oil guiding portion 511 and the second oil guiding portion 512 , thereby improving the overall structural strength and stability of the oil guiding housing 500 .
[0073] Adapting to the structure in which the output gear 230 and the large gear of the intermediate gear 220 are staggered along the axial direction of the output gear 230, the first oil guiding groove 5110 and the second oil guiding groove 5120 are also staggered along the axial direction of the output gear 230. Therefore, the oil guiding connection portion 513 is connected between the first oil guiding portion 511 and the second oil guiding portion 512, which can improve the overall structural strength and stability of the oil guiding housing 500.
[0074] Generally speaking, the intermediate gear 220 only contacts the oil in the first oil guiding groove 5110, and does not contact the side walls and bottom walls of the first oil guiding portion 511, so as to prevent the first oil guiding portion 511 from contacting the intermediate gear 220 and affecting the rotation of the intermediate gear 220; similarly, the output gear 230 only contacts the oil in the second oil guiding groove 5120, and does not contact the side walls and bottom walls of the second oil guiding portion 512, so as to prevent the second oil guiding portion 512 from contacting the output gear 230 and affecting the rotation of the output gear 230.
[0075] In some embodiments, the oil-conducting connection portion 513 is provided with a mounting hole 503, within which a magnetic element 520 for attracting metal impurities is located. By absorbing metal impurities, such as iron, from the oil within the reducer housing 100 through the magnetic element 520, the risk of metal impurities entering the gaps between gears and within the bearings, thereby affecting transmission, can be reduced. Specifically, the oil-conducting connection portion 513 includes a magnetic element mounting portion 5130, within which the mounting hole 503 is formed. The oil-conducting connection portion 5133 also has a hook 5131 for supporting the magnetic element 520.
[0076] In some embodiments, the surface of the oil guide housing 500 is further provided with a plurality of oil guide housing fixings 5101 for fixing the oil guide housing 500 to the reducer housing 100. The oil guide housing fixings 5101 are provided at locations other than the bottom wall of the oil guide housing 500. For example, the first oil guide portion 511 and the second oil guide portion 512 of the oil guide housing 500 each include a bottom wall and two opposing side walls, which together constitute the first oil guide portion 511 / the second oil guide portion 512. Oil guide housing fixings 5101 can be provided on the side walls of both the first oil guide portion 511 and the second oil guide portion 512, thereby more stably fixing the oil guide housing 500 to the reducer housing 100 through the plurality of oil guide housing fixings 5101. The oil guide housing fixings 5101 can adopt a clip-on structure or a snap-on structure, but the present application is not limited thereto, as long as they can achieve stable installation between the oil guide housing 500 and the reducer housing 100.
[0077] Based on the above embodiments, the reducer lubrication system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes a differential 300 and an oil pipe 400 located in the reducer housing 100. One end of the oil pipe 400 is used to connect to the oil pump 600, and the other end is used to connect to the oil cooler 700. The oil pump 600 is used to suck out the oil used for lubrication in the reducer housing 100 and pump it to the oil cooler 700 through the oil pipe 400 for cooling. The cooled oil then returns to the reducer housing 100 to lubricate and dissipate heat inside the reducer housing 100.
[0078] See Figure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 11 yes Figure 4A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the coordination structure of the center differential 300 and the oil guide pipe 400. Figure 12 yes Figure 11 The differential 300 includes a differential housing 310 and a differential gear assembly 320 disposed within the differential housing 310. The differential housing 310 is fixedly connected to the power output end of the reduction gear assembly 200. The differential housing 310 is provided with a communication window 3100 that communicates with the interior of the differential housing 310. A first oil injection hole 401 is provided on the wall of the oil guide pipe 400. When the communication window 3100 is aligned with the first oil injection hole 401, the oil in the oil guide pipe 400 can be sprayed out through the first oil injection hole 401 and enter the reducer housing 100 through the communication window 3100.
[0079] The differential housing 310 rotates along with the power output end of the reduction gear assembly 200 , and the differential gear assembly 320 is used to implement the differential function of the differential 300 .
[0080] The connecting window 3100 on the differential housing 310 is used to supply oil to the interior of the differential housing 310 to lubricate the differential gear assembly 320 inside the differential housing 310. Since the differential housing 310 is in a rotating state relative to the reducer housing 100 during operation, and the oil guide pipe 400 is in a stationary state relative to the reducer housing 100, the connecting window 3100 on the differential housing 310 is intermittently aligned with the first oil injection hole 401 on the oil guide pipe 400. During the rotation of the differential housing 310, the connecting window 3100 has a state of being aligned with the first oil injection hole 401, and a state of being not aligned with the first oil injection hole 401.
[0081] The communication window 3100 is aligned with the first oil injection hole 401 , which means that the central axis of the first oil injection hole 401 can pass through the communication window 3100 , so the oil sprayed from the first oil injection hole 401 can enter the communication window 3100 .
[0082] See also Figure 13 , Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the movement path of the oil in the oil pipe 400 in the reducer lubrication system 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application, which is sprayed out through the first oil spray hole 401 and enters the reducer housing 100 through the communication window 3100. Figure 13 The straight arrow in the figure represents the movement path of the oil from the first oil injection hole 401 to the communication window 3100. It should be noted that Figure 13The diagram is merely a schematic diagram of the movement path of the oil from the first oil injection hole 401 to the communication window 3100, and is not intended to limit the oil to be sprayed into a specific position within the differential housing 310. In fact, the specific position of the first oil injection hole 401 relative to the communication window 3100 can be adjusted according to the structure and layout of the differential gear assembly 320 inside the differential 300, so that the oil can be sprayed into a specific position within the differential housing 310. For example, the oil can be sprayed to the meshing points of the various gears of the differential gear assembly 320 to increase lubrication during gear transmission.
[0083] As an example, the differential gear assembly 320 includes planetary gears 321, planetary shafts 322, and side gears 323. The planetary shafts 322 are fixed to the differential housing 310 and are perpendicular to the axial direction of the differential housing 310. Two planetary gears 321 are fixedly mounted on both ends of the planetary shafts 322. Two side gears 323 are arranged along the axial direction of the differential housing 310. The planetary gears 321 mesh with the side gears 323. The axes of the planetary gears 321 and the side gears 323 are perpendicular to each other. The specific structure of the differential gear assembly 320 and how it implements the differential function are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here. Of course, the structure of the differential gear assembly 320 is not limited to this and can also adopt other gear transmission structures to implement the differential function of the differential 300.
[0084] The axial direction of the differential case 310 involved in the present application refers to the direction of the rotation axis of the differential case 310 when it rotates, that is, the axial direction of the side gear 323 .
[0085] It should be noted that, since the connecting window 3100 on the differential case 310 is intermittently aligned with the first oil injection hole 401 on the oil guide pipe 400 during the rotation of the differential case 310, in order to increase the amount of oil in the oil guide pipe 400 sprayed into the interior of the differential case 310 through the first oil injection hole 401 and the connecting window 3100, the area of the first oil injection hole 401 and the connecting window 3100 can be appropriately increased. However, the area of the first oil injection hole 401 and the connecting window 3100 should not be too large. Otherwise, due to the excessive area of the first oil injection hole 401, the pressure of the oil sprayed from the first oil injection hole 401 will be too low, making it difficult for the oil to enter the connecting window 3100. In addition, due to the excessive area of the connecting window 3100, the strength of the differential case 310 will be insufficient.
[0086] The reducer lubrication system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is configured such that a first oil spray hole 401 is provided on the oil guide pipe 400, and the oil in the oil guide pipe 400 can be sprayed out through the first oil spray hole 401. When the first oil spray hole 401 is aligned with the connecting window 3100 on the differential housing 310, the oil sprayed from the first oil spray hole 401 can enter the interior of the differential housing 310 through the connecting window 3100 on the differential housing 310, thereby actively lubricating the differential gear assembly 320 inside the differential housing 310 and increasing the lubrication effect on the interior of the differential housing 310.
[0087] At the same time, in the present application, when the gears of the reduction gear assembly 200 inside the reducer housing 100 rotate, the oil inside the reducer housing 100 can also be stirred, and the oil can be lubricated to the reduction gear assembly 200 as the gears of the reduction gear assembly 200 rotate. When the gears of the reduction gear assembly 200 rotate and stir the oil, the oil can also be splashed and fill the internal cavity of the reducer housing 100. The splashed oil drops will, on the one hand, fall on the gears of the reduction gear assembly 200 to lubricate the gears of the reduction gear assembly 200, and on the other hand, enter the differential housing 310 through the connecting window 3100 on the differential housing 310 to lubricate the differential gear assembly 320 inside the differential housing 310. This process is splash lubrication of the differential 300.
[0088] That is, the reducer lubrication system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application has two lubrication modes for the differential 300 , namely, splash lubrication and active lubrication, thereby increasing the lubrication effect on the inside of the differential 300 .
[0089] In particular, when the oil stirring effect of the reduction gear assembly 200 is not ideal, resulting in insufficient oil entering the differential 300, by adding an active lubrication scheme to the inside of the differential 300, the lubrication effect inside the differential 300 can be improved, which to a certain extent compensates for the defect of insufficient oil inside the differential 300 caused by the unsatisfactory oil stirring effect of the reduction gear assembly 200.
[0090] The following is an example of a case where the oil stirring effect of the reduction gear assembly 200 is not ideal.
[0091] Based on the overall vehicle architecture, when the output gear 230 is arranged closer to the vehicle's forward direction (relative to the input gear 210), the splash lubrication of the reduction gear assembly 200 itself will be limited. This is because the output gear 230 stirs the oil when it rotates, and the splashed oil is blocked by the intermediate gear 220. The oil cannot fill the internal cavity of the reducer housing 100, which can easily cause insufficient lubrication of the differential 300. Figure 4When the output gear 230 is arranged closer to the vehicle's forward direction, the output gear 230 rotates counterclockwise. When the output gear 230 rotates to stir the oil, the oil is thrown toward the intermediate gear 220. Therefore, a part of the oil moving with the output gear 230 will be blocked by the intermediate gear 220, resulting in the problem of unsatisfactory oil stirring effect of the reduction gear assembly 200.
[0092] It should be noted that the above is merely an example of a situation where the oil stirring effect of the reduction gear assembly 200 is not ideal, and does not limit the active lubrication solution for the interior of the differential 300 in the embodiment of the present application to only this situation and the layout of the reduction gear assembly 200. The active lubrication solution for the interior of the differential 300 in the embodiment of the present application is applicable to a variety of situations, and can be applied to any operating condition where the lubrication effect inside the differential 300 is not ideal.
[0093] In some embodiments, the differential housing 310 is provided with at least two communication windows 3100, each of which is arranged along the circumference of the differential housing 310. Since the differential housing 310 rotates relative to the reducer housing 100 during operation, while the oil guide pipe 400 is stationary relative to the reducer housing 100, the single communication window 3100 on the differential housing 310 is intermittently aligned with the first oil injection hole 401 on the oil guide pipe 400. The number of communication windows 3100 on the differential housing 310 is set to at least two, so that the oil in the oil guide pipe 400 can enter the differential housing 310 to a greater extent through the first oil injection hole 401 and the multiple communication windows 3100 on the differential housing 310.
[0094] In some embodiments, see Figure 14 and Figure 15 , Figure 14 yes Figure 11 and Figure 12 A schematic structural diagram of the intermediate oil guide pipe 400 is shown. Figure 15 yes Figure 14A partial cross-sectional view of an oil pipe 400 is shown. The oil pipe 400 comprises a first end 400A and a second end 400B. The first end 400A is connected to the oil pump 600, and the second end 400B is connected to the oil cooler 700. The oil pipe 400 comprises a first oil pipe body 410, an injection connector 420, and a second oil pipe body 430. The first and second oil pipe bodies 410, 430 are connected to the respective ends of the injection connector 420. If the oil pipe 400 is provided with a first oil injection hole 401, the first oil injection hole 401 can be located in the injection connector 420. In this embodiment, the first oil injection hole 401 is located in the injection connector 420. The position of the first oil injection hole 401 on the oil pipe 400 can be controlled by the injection mold during the manufacture of the injection connector 420, resulting in high precision and good consistency.
[0095] See also Figure 16 , Figure 16 yes Figure 14 and Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the injection-molded joint 420 in the oil guide pipe 400, wherein: Figure 16 Part (a) is a front view of the injection-molded connector 420. Figure 16 Part (b) is an axial cross-sectional view of the injection-molded joint 420. Figure 16 Part (c) is a radial cross-sectional view of the injection-molded joint 420. The injection-molded joint 420 may be a one-piece injection-molded part, comprising a joint body 421 and a first protruding ring 422 and a second protruding ring 423 disposed around the joint body 421. The first oil injection hole 401 is located between the first protruding ring 422 and the second protruding ring 423. The first oil guide tube body 410 and the second oil guide tube body 430 are respectively fitted onto the outside of the joint body 421 from both ends and blocked by the first protruding ring 422 and the second protruding ring 423, respectively, to secure the first oil guide tube body 410 and the second oil guide tube body 430 to the joint body 421 and expose the first oil injection hole 401.
[0096] In some embodiments, in order to increase the fixing effect between the first oil guiding tube body 410 and the second oil guiding tube body 430 and the joint body 421 respectively, and reduce the risk of the first oil guiding tube body 410 and the second oil guiding tube body 430 falling off from the joint body 421, the surface of the joint body 421 is further provided with an anti-falling protrusion 4211 to increase the anti-falling effect between the first oil guiding tube body 410 and the second oil guiding tube body 430 and the joint body 421 respectively.
[0097] In some embodiments, in order to facilitate the fixation of the oil guide pipe 400 in the reducer housing 100, and to facilitate the connection between the two ends of the oil guide pipe 400 and the oil pump 600 and the oil cooler 700, a first connecting joint 440 and a second connecting joint 450 can also be respectively provided at both ends of the oil guide pipe 400. The fixation between the first connecting joint 440 and the first oil guide pipe body 410, and the fixation between the second connecting joint 450 and the second oil guide pipe body 430 can refer to the fixation method between the injection molding joint 420 and the first oil guide pipe body 410 and the second oil guide pipe body 430, respectively. In order to facilitate the installation of the first connecting joint 440 and the second connecting joint 450 to the inner wall of the reducer housing 100 respectively, a first connecting plate 441 is also provided on the first connecting joint 440, and a second connecting plate 451 is also provided on the second connecting joint 450. Bolt holes are respectively provided on the first connecting plate 441 and the second connecting plate 451. Therefore, the first connecting plate 441 and the second connecting plate 451 can be fixed to the inner wall of the reducer housing 100 respectively by fasteners such as bolts, thereby realizing the fixed installation of the oil guide pipe 400 in the reducer housing 100.
[0098] In some embodiments, in the reducer lubrication system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, a second oil spray hole 402 is further provided on the wall of the oil guide pipe 400. When the oil guide pipe 400 is provided with a first oil spray hole 401 and a second oil spray hole 402 at the same time, the first oil spray hole 401 and the second oil spray hole 402 can both be provided on the injection molding joint 420.
[0099] See also Figure 17 and Figure 18 , Figure 17 yes Figure 1 and Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the reducer lubrication system 10 is taken along the axis parallel to the differential 300. Figure 18 yes Figure 1 and Figure 2The schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first half-shell 110 of the reducer in the reducer lubrication system 10 is shown. The reducer lubrication system 10 also includes a first differential bearing 312. The inner wall of the reducer housing 100 is recessed to form a differential bearing chamber 111. Specifically, the second half-shell 120 of the reducer housing 100 is recessed to form a differential bearing chamber 111. The first differential bearing 312 is located within the differential bearing chamber 111. The differential housing 310 is supported on the reducer housing 100 via the bearing of the differential 300. It should be noted that the differential bearing chamber 111 is used to install the first differential bearing 312. The half-axles of the vehicle's electric drive need to be connected to the half-axle gears 323 inside the reducer housing 100 and then extend outside the differential housing 310 through the differential bearing chamber 111 to connect to the vehicle's wheels. Therefore, the differential bearing chamber 111 needs to have a through hole for the half-axles to pass through. That is, the differential bearing chamber 111 formed on the reducer housing 100 is actually a stepped hole.
[0100] Generally speaking, in order to achieve that the axial ends of the differential housing 310 are respectively supported on the opposite sides of the reducer housing 100, the reducer lubrication system 10 also includes a second differential bearing 313. One axial end of the differential housing 310 is supported on the first half shell 110 of the reducer through the first differential bearing 312, and the other axial end of the differential housing 310 is supported on the second half shell 120 of the reducer through the second differential bearing 313, thereby achieving stable support of the differential housing 310 in the reducer housing 100.
[0101] A guide portion 112 is provided on the inner wall of the reducer housing 100. Specifically, a guide portion 112 is provided on the inner wall of the first half shell 110 of the reducer. The guide portion 112 extends to the differential bearing chamber 111. The second oil spray hole 402 is arranged opposite to the guide portion 112, so that the oil in the oil guide pipe 400 is sprayed out through the second oil spray hole 402 and enters the differential bearing chamber 111 through the guide portion 112.
[0102] In this embodiment, by providing a second oil spray hole 402 on the oil guide pipe 400, the oil in the oil guide pipe 400 can also be sprayed out through the second oil spray hole 402 and enter the differential bearing chamber 111, thereby actively lubricating the first differential bearing 312 in the differential bearing chamber 111, thereby alleviating the problem of unsatisfactory lubrication effect of the first differential bearing 312 caused by insufficient splash lubrication in the reducer housing 100.
[0103] The first oil spray hole 401 and the second oil spray hole 402 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the oil guide pipe 400. The oil in the oil guide pipe 400 can be sprayed out from the first oil spray hole 401 and the second oil spray hole 402, and the directions of the oil sprayed from the first oil spray hole 401 and the second oil spray hole 402 are different, so that the oil sprayed from the first oil spray hole 401 and the second oil spray hole 402 can lubricate different positions respectively, that is, the oil sprayed from the first oil spray hole 401 can enter the differential housing 310, and the oil sprayed from the second oil spray hole 402 can enter the differential bearing chamber 111 on the reducer housing 100.
[0104] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the guide portion 112 is provided to guide the oil actively sprayed from the second oil spray hole 402 into the differential bearing chamber 111, thereby achieving active lubrication within the differential bearing chamber 111. Simultaneously, as the gears of the reduction gear assembly 200 rotate to stir the oil, splashed oil within the reducer cavity 101 will also drip onto the guide portion 112, which then guides the splashed oil into the differential bearing chamber 111. Therefore, the guide portion 112 can simultaneously guide the splashed lubricating oil and the oil actively sprayed from the second oil spray hole 402.
[0105] In some embodiments, the guide portion 112 includes an oil guide rib 1121 protruding relative to the inner wall of the reducer housing 100 (specifically, the inner wall of the first half shell 110 of the reducer) and an oil guide recess 1122 recessed relative to the inner wall of the reducer housing 100 (specifically, the inner wall of the first half shell 110 of the reducer). The oil guide rib 1121 extends into the oil guide recess 1122, and the oil guide recess 1122 is connected to the differential bearing chamber 111; the second oil spray hole 402 is arranged opposite to the oil guide rib 1121, and the oil guide rib 1121 has an oil receiving surface 11210, which is used to receive the oil sprayed from the second oil spray hole 402 and guide the oil into the oil guide recess 1122.
[0106] In this embodiment, the oil sprayed from the second oil spray hole 402 falls on the oil receiving surface 11210 of the oil guide rib 1121, flows into the oil guide recess 1122 along the oil receiving surface 11210, and then enters the differential bearing chamber 111. The oil guide rib 1121 protruding from the inner wall of the reducer housing 100 can receive the oil sprayed from the second oil spray hole 402 to a large extent, thereby increasing the amount of oil sprayed from the second oil spray hole 402 entering the differential bearing chamber 111.
[0107] In some embodiments, the oil guide rib 1121 is arranged at an angle, with the second oil injection hole 402 positioned opposite the higher end of the oil guide recess 1122, and the oil guide recess 1122 positioned at the lower end of the oil guide rib 1121. The oil guide rib 1121 is arranged at an angle, so that after the oil sprayed from the second oil injection hole 402 lands on the oil receiving surface 11210 of the oil guide rib 1121, the oil can flow from the higher end of the oil guide rib 1121 to the lower end under the action of its own gravity, thereby flowing more smoothly into the oil guide recess 1122.
[0108] In some embodiments, to facilitate installation and support of the first differential bearing 312 within the differential bearing chamber 111, a bearing support portion 1111 is provided around the inner wall of the differential bearing chamber 111. An axial end of the first differential bearing 312 abuts against the bearing support portion 1111. The bearing support portion 1111 may be an annular protrusion provided around the inner wall of the differential bearing chamber 111. One axial end of the outer race of the first differential bearing 312 abuts against the bearing support portion 1111, and the other axial end of the inner race of the first differential bearing 312 abuts against the outer surface of the differential housing 310.
[0109] The bearing support portion 1111 divides the differential bearing chamber 111 into a first chamber and a second chamber along the axial direction of the differential 300 . The first differential bearing 312 is located in the first chamber, and the oil guide recess 1122 communicates with the second chamber. Figure 17 The middle straight arrow indicates the movement path of the oil after being sprayed from the second oil spray hole 402 and entering the differential bearing chamber 111. Specifically, after the oil is sprayed from the second oil spray hole 402, it falls on the oil receiving surface 11210 of the oil guide rib 1121, flows along the oil receiving surface 11210 into the oil guide recess 1122, and enters the second chamber on the axial outside of the first differential bearing 312 from the radial outside of the first differential bearing 312 through the oil guide recess 1122. The oil in the second chamber can enter the interior of the first differential bearing 312, thereby actively lubricating the first differential bearing 312.
[0110] In this embodiment, the oil in the oil guide recess 1122 can enter the second chamber on the axial side of the first differential bearing 312, and then enter the differential bearing 300 from the second chamber through the end of the differential bearing 300, which is more conducive to the smooth entry of the oil into the first differential bearing 312.
[0111] In some embodiments, the second chamber is located axially outside the differential housing 310. The differential housing 310 includes a housing body and a half-shaft sleeve 311 located at the axial end of the housing body. The first differential bearing 312 is sleeved on the half-shaft sleeve 311. The inner side wall of the half-shaft sleeve 311 is provided with a spiral oil inlet groove. The axial end of the half-shaft sleeve 311 has an opening and the opening is aligned with and connected to the second chamber.
[0112] In this embodiment, the oil entering the second chamber through the oil guide recess 1122 can, on the one hand, enter the interior of the differential 300 bearing to lubricate the first differential bearing 312, and on the other hand, can also enter the spiral oil inlet groove on the inner wall of the half-shaft sleeve 311, thereby entering the internal cavity of the differential housing 310 to lubricate the differential gear assembly 320 in the differential housing 310.
[0113] The following describes how the present invention improves lubrication while reducing oil churning losses through a specific embodiment. The bottom wall area of the first oil guide groove 5110 is set to 6015.671 square millimeters, and the bottom wall area of the second oil guide groove 5120 is set to 11163.987 square millimeters.
[0114] Example 1
[0115] The area of the first oil return hole 501 is 311 square millimeters, and the area of the second oil return hole 502 is 322 square millimeters.
[0116] Example 2
[0117] The area of the first oil return hole 501 is 155 square millimeters, and the area of the second oil return hole 502 is 160 square millimeters.
[0118] Example 3
[0119] The area of the first oil return hole 501 is 460 square millimeters; and / or the area of the second oil return hole 502 is 480 square millimeters.
[0120] Comparative Example
[0121] The oil guide housing 500 is eliminated, and the intermediate gear 220 and the output gear 230 directly stir the oil in the reducer cavity 101 .
[0122] The oil stirring loss of the reducer was calculated for Examples 1-3 and the comparative example respectively (the calculation was performed when the input gear 210 rotates at a speed of 13000 rpm. Since the oil stirring loss is large at high speed, the input gear 210 is selected to operate at a high speed for calculating the oil stirring loss, so as to better evaluate the influence of the area sizes of the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502 on the oil stirring loss), as well as the oil flow rates in the bearing chamber where the second differential bearing 313 is located, the bearing chamber where the first intermediate bearing 221 is located, and the internal cavity of the differential 300 (the calculation was performed when the input gear 210 rotates at a speed of 3000 rpm. Since the lubrication risk is relatively large at low speed, the input gear 210 is selected to operate at a low speed for calculating the oil flow rate, so as to better evaluate the influence of the area sizes of the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502 on the lubrication performance), and Table 1 was obtained.
[0123] Table 1 Effect of the area of the first oil return hole and the second oil return hole on the lubrication amount and oil churning loss
[0124]
[0125] According to Table 1, when the oil guide housing 500 is not provided in the reducer housing 100, the oil stirring loss of the reducer is the largest. After the oil guide housing 500 is provided in the reducer housing 100, the oil stirring loss is significantly reduced.
[0126] When the oil guide housing 500 is provided in the reducer housing 100, the larger the area of the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502, the greater the oil churning loss, but the greater the amount of oil in the bearing chamber where the second differential bearing 313 is located, the bearing chamber where the first intermediate bearing 221 is located, and the internal cavity of the differential 300, that is, the better the lubrication effect; the smaller the area of the first oil return hole 501 and the second oil return hole 502, the smaller the oil churning loss, but the smaller the amount of oil in the bearing chamber where the second differential bearing 313 is located, the bearing chamber where the first intermediate bearing 221 is located, and the internal cavity of the differential 300, that is, the worse the lubrication effect. This application sets the area of the first oil return hole 501 between 155 and 460 square millimeters, and the area of the second oil return hole 502 between 160 and 480 square millimeters, which can achieve better lubrication effect while achieving smaller oil churning loss and thus higher transmission efficiency.
[0127] Moreover, when the oil guide housing 500 is provided in the reducer housing 100 , the amount of lubricating oil in the internal cavity of the differential 300 is significantly reduced compared to when the oil guide housing 500 is not provided. Therefore, when the oil guide housing 500 is provided in the reducer housing 100 , the solution of actively lubricating the differential 300 of the present application is obviously necessary.
[0128] The present application also provides a vehicle including the aforementioned reducer lubrication system 10. The specific structure of the reducer lubrication system 10 is similar to the aforementioned embodiment. Since the present vehicle utilizes all of the technical solutions of the aforementioned embodiment, it at least possesses all of the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the aforementioned embodiment, which will not be detailed here. The vehicle may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle.
[0129] The terms "first", "second" and "third" in this application are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first", "second" and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. All directional indications in the embodiments of this application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
[0130] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A reducer lubrication system, characterized in that: include: Reducer housing; a reduction gear assembly located in the reducer housing, the reduction gear assembly comprising an input gear, an intermediate gear, and an output gear, each of which is rotatably connected to the reducer housing, the intermediate gear being meshed between the input gear and the output gear; an oil guide housing fixed in the reducer housing, the oil guide housing defining a first oil guide groove and a second oil guide groove, the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove and the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove both being configured in an arc shape, a portion of the intermediate gear being accommodated in the first oil guide groove, a portion of the output gear being accommodated in the second oil guide groove, the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove having a first oil return hole communicating with the first oil guide groove, and the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove having a second oil return hole communicating with the second oil guide groove; The hole wall of the first oil return hole includes a plurality of first connecting segments, and the plurality of first connecting segments are connected end to end to form a polygonal structure; the hole wall of the second oil return hole includes a plurality of second connecting segments, and the plurality of second connecting segments are connected end to end to form a polygonal structure; The area of the first oil return hole is smaller than that of the second oil return hole, and the area of the first oil return hole on the bottom wall of the first oil guide groove accounts for 2.58% to 7.65%, and the area of the second oil return hole on the bottom wall of the second oil guide groove accounts for 1.43% to 4.30%.
2. The reducer lubrication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of the first oil return hole is 155 to 460 square millimeters; And / or, the area of the second oil return hole is 160 to 480 square millimeters.
3. The reducer lubrication system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The area of the first oil return hole is 311 square millimeters; And / or, the area of the second oil return hole is 322 square millimeters.
4. The reducer lubrication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area ratio of the first oil return hole to the second oil return hole is 0.958-0.
969.
5. The reducer lubrication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole wall of the first oil return hole includes four first connecting segments connected end to end, and the four first connecting segments are connected end to end to form a rectangular structure. The hole wall of the second oil return hole includes four second connecting segments connected end to end, and multiple second connecting segments are also connected end to end to form a rectangular structure.
6. The reducer lubrication system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dimension of the first oil guide groove in the axial direction of the intermediate gear is smaller than the dimension of the second oil guide groove in the axial direction of the output gear; The rectangular structure formed by the hole wall of the first oil return hole includes a first long side and a first short side, and the rectangular structure formed by the hole wall of the second oil return hole includes a second long side and a second short side, and the ratio of the first long side to the first short side is smaller than the ratio of the second long side to the second short side.
7. The reducer lubrication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil guide housing includes a first oil guide portion, a second oil guide portion, and an oil guide connecting portion, wherein the first oil guide portion and the second oil guide portion are connected with the oil guide connecting portion; The first oil guiding portion defines the first oil guiding groove, and the second oil guiding portion defines the second oil guiding groove.
8. The reducer lubrication system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The oil guide connection portion is provided with a mounting hole, and a magnetic attraction component for absorbing metal impurities is provided in the mounting hole.
9. The reducer lubrication system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The reducer lubrication system further includes a differential and an oil guide pipe located in the reducer housing; The differential includes a differential housing and a differential gear set disposed in the differential housing, wherein the differential housing is fixedly connected to the output gear, a portion of the differential housing is accommodated in the second oil guide groove, and the differential housing is provided with a communication window communicating with the interior of the differential housing; One end of the oil guide pipe is used to connect to the oil pump, and the other end is used to connect to the oil cooler. A first oil spray hole is provided on the wall of the oil guide pipe. The first oil spray hole is arranged opposite to the window so that the oil in the oil guide pipe is sprayed out through the first oil spray hole and enters the reducer housing through the connecting window.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reducer lubrication system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.