High-temperature-resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of detecting pressure in real time

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-temperature-resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of detecting pressure in real time, and relates to the technical field of drilling tools, a piezoelectric sensor is arranged in a PDC drill bit cutting tooth, the stress change of the drill bit is monitored in real time, and a signal of the piezoelectric sensor is transmitted to an internal storage chip for data storage after being amplified by a charge amplifying device. Two detachable windows are formed on the two sides of the drill bit in a milling mode, and the storage chip, the charge amplifying device and the power source are integrated in the windows. Perception of the PDC drill bit to stratum rock characteristics is remarkably improved through the piezoelectric sensor, stable work of the drill bit in an extreme environment is ensured by adopting high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant materials and a heat insulation technology, interference of external equipment is avoided by integrating the storage chip, the charge amplifying device and the power source, operation stability is improved, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged. And the safety and efficiency of drilling operation can be remarkably improved, and powerful technical support is provided for the directional drilling technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of drilling tools, in particular to a micro sensor device installed in the cutting teeth inside the blade of an intelligent drill bit, specifically a high-temperature resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of real-time pressure detection. Background Art

[0002] As one of my country's major energy sources, oil plays a crucial role in the country's modernization. The drill bit, a crucial tool for breaking rock during drilling, is primarily influenced by factors such as rotational speed, weight on bit (WOB), material, and tooth profile. Traditional, commonly used roller cone and PDC drill bits cannot control these factors, except for rotational speed and WOB.

[0003] After downhole sensors are installed, smart drill bits automatically adjust their operating state and cutting parameters based on the geological reservoir characteristics and bottomhole parameters, achieving optimal performance and achieving efficient operation. Based on sensors and intelligent chips, smart drill bits autonomously sense formation temperature and pressure, drill depth, and angle, and automatically adjust their shape and related parameters to achieve efficient drilling.

[0004] In order to change the above situation, the project described in this article aims to develop an intelligent drill bit that can monitor the working status of the drill bit in real time, identify and analyze rock characteristics, and determine the type of accident. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the defects in the existing technology, the utility model provides a high-temperature resistant PDC intelligent drill bit that can detect pressure in real time. By adding a drilling monitoring device, it can significantly improve the PDC drill bit's perception and real-time monitoring of the drilling environment pressure, providing strong technical support for directional drilling technology.

[0006] The technical solutions adopted by this utility model are as follows:

[0007] A high-temperature resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of real-time pressure detection comprises a PDC drill bit body, six evenly distributed PDC drill bit blades on the drill bit body, and a plurality of PDC drill bit cutting teeth on the cutting surfaces of the PDC drill bit blades. The bit is characterized in that each blade is provided with a pressure measuring cutting tooth; a piezoelectric sensor is provided in the pressure measuring cutting tooth, and a wiring groove is provided in the PDC drill bit. The upper portion of the wiring groove is connected to the piezoelectric sensor in the pressure measuring cutting tooth, and the lower portion is connected to a storage chip, a charge amplifier device, and a button battery inside two detachable windows milled on both sides of the drill bit.

[0008] Furthermore, the piezoelectric sensor is nested in the middle of the PDC drill bit cutting tooth processed into a hollow structure to form a pressure measuring cutting tooth.

[0009] Further, the piezoelectric sensor is a hollow cylinder structure coupled by the upper end cover and the bottom end cover, wherein the bottom end cover is connected with the wiring groove through the lead wire interface, and the inner side is provided with a circular boss which can just contact the piezoelectric ceramic sheet at the end and the conductive sheet at both ends. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet is installed inside the piezoelectric sensor, and the conductive sheet is installed on both sides of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. Finally, the lead wire interface is sealed with rubber, and the lead wire is connected to the outside.

[0010] The lead wire is connected to the side of the conductive sheet, and the lead wire interface is provided on the side of the sensor bottom end cover. The lead wire extends from the lead wire interface of the sensor bottom end cover to the outside and is finally connected to the storage chip, the charge amplification device and the button cell inside the two detachable windows.

[0011] Further, the PDC drill bit cutting tooth for placing the pressure measuring cutting tooth is provided with a threaded hole at the other end of the PDC drill bit cutting tooth cylinder structure, and a pressing plate is provided at the threaded hole end, and the pressing plate is provided with threads corresponding to the PDC drill bit cutting tooth cylinder structure. The pressing plate and the PDC drill bit cutting tooth are fixed by the inner stud, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the conductive sheet at both ends are further pressed in the inside of the PDC drill bit cutting tooth.

[0012] Further, the wiring groove is connected to the conductive sheet inside the bottom end cover of the piezoelectric sensor of the pressure measuring cutting tooth at the upper part, and is connected to the storage chip, the charge amplification device and the button cell inside the two detachable windows at the lower part.

[0013] Further, the two detachable windows are milled into a stepped shape and filled with hard rubber, and the outer detachable protective plate is connected with screws to maintain the internal and external sealing of the two detachable windows.

[0014] Further, the wiring groove is generally in the shape of I, with the top connected to the conductive sheet inside the piezoelectric sensor, and the lower part connected to the storage chip, the charge amplification device and the button cell inside the two detachable windows.

[0015] Further, the pressure measuring cutting tooth is modified from the PDC drill bit cutting tooth arranged in the PDC drill bit blade, and the modification is made from the PDC drill bit cutting tooth in the middle of each blade.

[0016] Further, the wiring groove and the surface of the piezoelectric sensor are coated with a layer of zs-411 high-temperature resistant paint, and the lead wire connected to the piezoelectric sensor is coated with a layer of zs-411 heat insulation paint with a thickness of 0.6mm, which can withstand a high temperature of 400℃ and can be used for not less than 1000 hours in the well.

[0017] A working method of a high-temperature-resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of real-time pressure detection, comprising the following steps:

[0018] When the drill bit works, the PDC drill bit cutting teeth on the PDC drill bit wing cut the stratum, at this time, the cutting force is measured through the piezoelectric sensor on the pressure measuring cutting tooth, and the signal is transmitted to the charge amplification device in the two side windows through the lead, the processed data is stored in the storage chip for analysis of the internal data after taking out, wherein the working power of the piezoelectric sensor is provided by the button cell in the window.

[0019] On the basis of the above technical scheme,

[0020] The utility model has the advantages that:

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0022] The project innovation discussed in the paper adopts the method of putting the piezoelectric sensor into the drill bit cutting tooth, which greatly improves the timeliness and accuracy of collecting downhole working data. At the same time, the charge amplification device is added, which avoids the problem of too small and unstable voltage collected by a single piezoelectric sensor, and further improves the authenticity of the collected data. For data transmission, the drill bit contains a storage chip, and the collected data can be stored in the storage chip, so that the stress condition can be more comprehensively understood. The obtained data is convenient for analyzing and predicting the rock elasticity modulus, drill bit wear and other conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structure diagram of a high-temperature-resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of detecting pressure in real time;

[0025] Figure 2 It is an axial view of the assembly drawing of the installation of the piezoelectric sensor on the drill bit body;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a side view of Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a wiring slot section view of Figure 3 ;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a design structure diagram of the piezoelectric sensor;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a side view of Figure 5cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric sensor;

[0030] Figure 7 exploded view of the piezoelectric sensor;

[0031] The meaning of each reference numeral in the drawing is as follows:

[0032] 1 - PDC bit body

[0033] 2 - PDC bit wing, 21 - wiring groove

[0034] 3 - PDC bit cutting tooth, 31 - pressure measuring cutting tooth, 311 - piezoelectric sensor, 3111 - upper end cover, 3112 - conductive sheet 1, 3113 - piezoelectric ceramic sheet, 3114 - conductive sheet 2, 3115 - bottom end cover

[0035] 4 - water eye

[0036] 5 - detachable window

[0037] 6 - bit joint DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] The embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0040] As Figure 2 , 3As shown in Figure 4, a high-temperature-resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of real-time pressure detection comprises a PDC drill bit body 1 with six evenly spaced blades 2, each blade 2 equipped with multiple PDC cutters 3 and a pressure-measuring cutter 31. The pressure-measuring cutter 31 houses a piezoelectric sensor 311. A connecting hole 21 runs through the center of the blade 2, serving as a wiring slot. The upper portion of the wiring slot 21 connects to the piezoelectric sensor 311 of the pressure-measuring cutter 31, while the lower portion connects to two removable windows 5 milled on either side of the drill bit. The windows 5 contain built-in storage chips for data storage, with storage space selected as needed and no less than 1GB. The piezoelectric sensor 311 is a specially customized micro-piezoelectric sensor crystal, small enough to fit within the PDC drill bit's cutter. The Curie point of the piezoelectric sensor 311 crystal is as high as possible to prevent depolarization during machining. The piezoelectric sensor 311 is nested within the center of a standard PDC cutter 3, forming the pressure-measuring cutter 31. The piezoelectric sensor 311 has a diameter of 8 mm, smaller than the diameter of the PDC drill bit's cutting teeth 3. The wiring slot 21's lower portion connects to two removable windows 5 milled on either side of the drill bit. These removable windows 5 are milled into a stepped shape and filled with hard rubber, such as ZP-375 industrial rubber. A removable protective plate 54 is screwed to the outside to maintain a seal between the two removable windows. The wiring slot has an overall I-shaped structure, with the top connecting to the conductive sheet 3114 within the piezoelectric sensor 311 and the bottom to the storage chip 51, charge amplifier 52, and button battery 53 within the two removable windows 5. The wiring slot 21 and piezoelectric sensor 311 are coated with a layer of ZS-411 high-temperature-resistant paint. All wires connected to the piezoelectric sensor 311 are coated with a 0.6 mm thick layer of ZS-411 thermal insulation paint.

[0041] Furthermore, the pressure measuring cutting tooth 31 is modified from the PDC drill bit cutting tooth 3 arranged in the middle of the blade 2. Of course, other PDC drill bit cutting teeth 3 arranged thereon can also achieve the detection effect, but the one close to the middle is the most preferred and has a longer service life.

[0042] Furthermore, the PDC drill bit cutting tooth 3 is modified into a pressure measuring cutting tooth 31 in the following manner: a small opening is reserved for the PDC drill bit cutting tooth 3; in a low temperature environment, the PDC drill bit cutting tooth 3 shrinks when cooled and the reserved opening expands; a piezoelectric sensor 311 is embedded in the reserved opening; at normal temperature or downhole temperature, the PDC drill bit cutting tooth 3 expands when heated; the PDC drill bit cutting tooth 3 and the piezoelectric sensor 311 automatically achieve an interference fit; and the initial clamping force at this time is cleared in the data as a compensation parameter, so that the pressure exerted on the piezoelectric sensor 311 during cutting is the cutting force generated by the PDC drill bit cutting tooth 3.

[0043] like Figure 5 、6 As shown in FIG. 7, when the piezoelectric sensor 311 is assembled, a layer of zs-411 high-temperature-resistant paint with a thickness of about 0.6 mm needs to be brushed on the shell of the piezoelectric sensor 311. The connection between the conductive sheet 3112, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3113, the conductive sheet 3114, the top cover 3111 at the upper end of the sensor, and the bottom end cover 3115 of the piezoelectric sensor 311 is achieved by using conductive glue. The connection between the conductive sheet 3114 and the wire is achieved by hot-press welding. The entire shell cavity and the wire inlet and outlet are sealed with rubber. As shown in FIG. 8, the top cover 3111 at the upper end of the sensor and the bottom end cover 3115 of the sensor are also degreased and cleaned before assembly. The inner surface of the cutting tooth is coated with zs-411 high-temperature-resistant paint. The wire inlet and outlet on the end cover of the pressure measuring cutting tooth 31 are sealed with rubber, and the internal empty part of the cutting tooth is filled with rubber. Specifically, the top cover 3111 at the upper end and the bottom end cover 3115 of the piezoelectric sensor 311 are tightly coupled into a hollow cylindrical structure. The bottom end cover 3115 is connected to the wiring groove 21 through the lead wire interface, and the inner side is provided with a circular boss which can just contact the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3113 at the end and the conductive sheets at both ends. Figure 7

[0044] The top cover 3111 at the upper end of the sensor is sequentially provided with the conductive sheet 3112, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3113, the conductive sheet 3114, and the bottom end cover 3115, and they are pressed in the bottom end cover 3115 through the top cover 3111 at the upper end of the sensor. The wire is connected to the side of the conductive sheet 3114. The bottom end cover 3115 is provided with a circular hole with a middle opening. The wire extends through the hole in the bottom end cover 3115 to the charge amplification device in the window on both sides. The processed data is stored in the storage chip for analysis of the internal data after being taken out. The working power supply of the piezoelectric sensor is provided by the button cell 53 in the window 5. The diameter of the piezoelectric sensor 311 is 8 mm, which is smaller than the diameter of the PDC drill bit cutting tooth 3. The PDC drill bit cutting tooth 3 for placing the pressure measuring cutting tooth 31 is provided with a threaded hole at the other end of the cylindrical structure of the PDC drill bit cutting tooth 3, and a pressing plate is provided at the threaded hole end. The pressing plate is provided with threads corresponding to the cylindrical structure of the PDC drill bit cutting tooth 3. The pressing plate and the PDC drill bit cutting tooth 3 are fixed by the internal stud, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 3113 and the conductive sheets 3112 and 3114 at both ends are further pressed in the interior of the PDC drill bit cutting tooth 3.

[0045] The high-temperature-resistant PDC intelligent drill bit with the above structure can detect pressure in real time, and the use method is as follows:

[0046] ​When the drill bit is working, the PDC drill bit cutting teeth 3 on the PDC drill bit blade 2 cut the stratum, at this time the cutting force is measured by the piezoelectric sensor 311 on the pressure measuring cutting tooth, and the signal is transmitted to the charge amplification device 52 in the two side windows 5 through the lead wire, the processed data is stored in the storage chip 51 for analysis of the internal data after taking out. The working power of the piezoelectric sensor is provided by the button cell 53 in the window.

[0047] According to the actual construction requirements, specific settings are made, which are not limited in the present application.

[0048] It should be noted that in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by an "including a" statement does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0049] The above description is merely one specific implementation of the present application, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-temperature resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of real-time pressure detection, comprising a PDC drill bit body (1), six evenly distributed PDC drill bit blades (2) provided on the drill bit body, and a plurality of PDC drill bit cutting teeth (3) on the cutting surface of the PDC drill bit blades, characterized in that: Each blade is provided with a pressure measuring cutting tooth (31); a piezoelectric sensor (311) is provided in the pressure measuring cutting tooth (31); a wiring groove (21) is provided in the PDC drill bit; the upper portion of the wiring groove (21) is connected to the piezoelectric sensor (311) of the pressure measuring cutting tooth (31), and the lower portion is connected to two detachable windows (5) milled on both sides of the drill bit.

2. The high-temperature resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of real-time pressure detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric sensor (311) is nested in the middle of a PDC drill bit cutting tooth (3) processed into a hollow structure to form a pressure measuring cutting tooth (31). All wires connected to the piezoelectric sensor (311) are coated with a zs-411 thermal insulation paint with a thickness of 0.6 mm, and only the surface of the sensor is coated.

3. The high-temperature resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of real-time pressure detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric sensor (311) comprises an upper end cover (3111) and a bottom end cover (3115), wherein the upper end cover (3111) and the bottom end cover (3115) are tightly coupled to form a hollow cylindrical structure, wherein the bottom end cover (3115) is provided with a lead interface connected to the wiring groove (21), and a circular boss is provided on the inner side, and the circular boss can just contact the piezoelectric ceramic piece (3113) near the end and the conductive piece 1 (3112) and the conductive piece 2 (3114) at both ends thereof.

4. The high-temperature resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of real-time pressure detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: A PDC drill bit cutting tooth (3) for placing a pressure measuring cutting tooth (31) is provided with a threaded hole at the other end of the cylindrical structure of the PDC drill bit cutting tooth (3), and a pressing plate is provided at the end of the threaded hole. The pressing plate is provided with a thread corresponding to the cylindrical structure of the PDC drill bit cutting tooth (3). The pressing plate and the PDC drill bit cutting tooth (3) are fixed by an internal stud, and the piezoelectric ceramic plate (3113) and the conductive plate 1 (3112) and the conductive plate 2 (3114) at both ends thereof are further pressed inside the PDC drill bit cutting tooth (3).

5. The high-temperature resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of real-time pressure detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two detachable windows (5) are respectively connected to the wiring grooves (21) of the pressure measuring cutting teeth (31) on the three adjacent blades, and are connected to the storage chip (51), the charge amplifier (52) and the button battery (53) inside the detachable windows (5).

6. The high-temperature resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of real-time pressure detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper portion of the wiring groove (21) is connected to the conductive sheet 2 (3114) inside the bottom end cover (3115) of the piezoelectric sensor (311) of the pressure measuring cutting tooth (31), and the lower portion is connected to the storage chip (51), the charge amplifier device (52) and the button battery (53) inside the two detachable windows (5).

7. The high-temperature resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of real-time pressure detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two detachable windows (5) are milled into a stepped shape and filled with hard rubber, and the detachable guard plate (54) is connected to the outside with screws to maintain the internal and external sealing of the two detachable windows (5).

8. The high-temperature resistant PDC intelligent drill bit capable of real-time pressure detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure measuring cutting teeth (31) are modified from the PDC drill bit cutting teeth (3) arranged in the PDC drill bit blade (2), and are modified from the PDC drill bit cutting teeth (3) in the middle of each blade.

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