Tunnel type air storage cavern for compressed air energy storage

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, in particular to a tunnel type air storage cavern for compressed air energy storage, which comprises an air storage loop, an auxiliary cavern and a plugging body, the auxiliary cavern is used for being communicated with the outside, the auxiliary cavern and the air storage loop are horizontally arranged, and the auxiliary cavern is horizontally connected with the side wall of the air storage loop; the plugging body is arranged in the auxiliary cavern, and a gas inlet and outlet pipeline used for communicating the auxiliary cavern with the gas storage loop is arranged at the plugging body; and the flowing direction of inlet airflow of the gas storage ring channel is arranged along the single-side direction of the axis of the gas storage ring channel. By the adoption of the structural form, the influence on the stability of overlying surrounding rock of the chamber is small, and surrounding rock stability and burial depth safety are facilitated; the plugging body is good in stress performance and convenient to construct; and the risk of extremely high temperature caused by local encountering in the chamber can be reduced through airflow circulation formed by inlet airflow in the air storage annular channel, so that the air inflation speed is increased, the energy utilization rate is increased, the air storage efficiency is improved, and the energy storage economical efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to compressed air energy storage technology field especially a tunnel type gas storage cavern for compressed air energy storage. BACKGROUND

[0002] Compressed air energy storage technology is a new energy storage method using high-pressure air to store energy, and its working principle is that when the power grid load is low, the excess energy in the power grid is used to drive a compressor to compress air and store it in a gas storage device. When the power grid load is high, the high-pressure air is released to drive an expander to do work, converting the stored energy into electrical energy. In this technology, the tunnel type underground artificial chamber as a kind of gas storage device has the advantages of convenient construction, safety and reliability, flexible layout method, etc., and becomes an important part of compressed air energy storage power station. At present, the gas storage pressure of high-pressure gas storage chamber is generally around 7MPa~15MPa, which belongs to the range of medium-high pressure. The gas pressure inside the gas storage cavern is transmitted to the rock mass through the sealing structure and the lining structure. The gas storage cavern not only has to withstand the external pressure from the surrounding rock mass, but also has to withstand the internal pressure of compressed air. Due to the limited thickness of the overlying rock mass above the gas storage cavern, the underground gas storage chamber may be damaged by the uplift force of high internal gas pressure. Therefore, the tunnel type gas storage cavern for compressed air energy storage should be buried at a sufficient depth underground.

[0003] When constructing the gas storage chamber, the existing technology usually excavates a vertical shaft (or inclined shaft) first, then excavates the gas storage chamber horizontally from the bottom of the vertical shaft (or inclined shaft), sets an air pipe in the vertical shaft (or inclined shaft) so that one end of the air pipe extends into the gas storage chamber and the other end of the air pipe is connected with the air compressor and the expander on the ground, and constructs a concrete blocking body with variable cross-section between the vertical shaft (or inclined shaft) and the gas storage cavern to block the gap between the hole wall and the air pipe, resist the internal air pressure through the friction between the hole wall and the air pipe and the surrounding rock thrust, and prevent the high-pressure air in the gas storage chamber from leaking through the vertical shaft. In the existing technology, the planar arrangement shape of a single gas storage chamber is mostly cylindrical or annular, among which, the tail end of the chamber structure arranged in a cylindrical shape is a blind end, the gas mainly flows unidirectionally far from the entrance, and the flowability is poor. The blind end needs strict quality and process control in the processes of design, material, production, installation and integration. Compared with the cylindrical shape, the gas flowability of the chamber structure arranged in an annular shape is better, and the difficulty of routine maintenance is lower.

[0004] In the prior art, the shaft (or inclined shaft) often intersects with the annular gas storage chamber at the top or obliquely above, and the inclination between the shaft and the horizontal plane is large, which is not conducive to the safety of the buried depth of the gas storage chamber, and the safety margin based on the safety of the buried depth is small; and when the sealing body is constructed, if the sealing body is arranged in the annular gas storage chamber, the gas flow is not conducive, and the gas storage space is also reduced, but if the sealing body is arranged in the shaft (or inclined shaft) to ensure that the gas can circulate in the annular gas storage chamber, the sealing body has a large amount of concrete and a large weight, and the sliding component force is large, which causes difficulties in formwork support, and the requirements for surrounding rock and formwork stability are high. Therefore, how to reduce the construction difficulty of the sealing body under the condition that the existing annular gas storage chamber has good flowability and ensure the safety and sealing of the chamber are problems to be solved at present. Practical new type content

[0005] The utility model discloses a tunnel type gas storage chamber for compressed air energy storage, which can reduce the construction difficulty of the sealing body under the condition that the existing annular gas storage chamber has good flowability and ensure the safety and sealing of the chamber.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

[0007] A tunnel type gas storage chamber for compressed air energy storage, comprising a gas storage annular channel, an auxiliary chamber and a sealing body, the auxiliary chamber is used for communicating with the outside, the auxiliary chamber and the gas storage annular channel are both horizontally arranged, and the side wall of the auxiliary chamber is horizontally connected with the gas storage annular channel.

[0008] The sealing body is arranged in the auxiliary chamber, and a gas inlet and outlet pipeline for communicating the auxiliary chamber and the gas storage annular channel is arranged at the sealing body.

[0009] The flow direction of the inlet gas flow of the gas storage annular channel is arranged along the one-side direction of the axis of the gas storage annular channel.

[0010] The utility model discloses a tunnel type gas storage chamber for compressed air energy storage, which can reduce the construction difficulty of the sealing body under the condition that the existing annular gas storage chamber has good flowability and ensure the safety and sealing of the chamber. When the sealing body is constructed, the sealing body is arranged in the auxiliary chamber, and the sealing body is horizontally arranged, which can provide good support for the sealing body during construction, facilitate end formwork support and reduce the difficulty of formwork support; after the construction of the sealing body is completed, the sealing body only needs to resist the air internal pressure through the friction between the sealing body and the wall and the surrounding rock thrust, does not need to bear its own gravity, has good stress resistance, is good for improving the resistance to the circulating dynamic load during the charging and discharging stage, has high safety margin and good stability, and is good for ensuring the safety and sealing of the chamber.

[0011] In the prior art, since the gas inlet direction of the annular gas storage chamber is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the chamber wall, although the gas storage chamber is annular, the gas flow direction directly blows against the wall, which causes vortex flow at the wall, and then flows to both sides, and finally the gas flow on both sides converges and tends to be stationary, which cannot form a ring flow, and temperature accumulation occurs at the gas flow convergence, thereby affecting the gas storage efficiency. Therefore, the tunnel type gas storage chamber is constructed as follows: the flow direction of the inlet gas flow of the gas storage ring is arranged along the one-side direction of the axis of the gas storage ring, so that the inlet gas flow can form one-side circulation flow along the annular channel of the gas storage ring by using the inflation pressure during the inflation stage, improve the gas flowability in the gas storage ring, reduce the risk of local high temperature in the chamber, thereby facilitating the acceleration of the inflation speed, improving the gas storage efficiency, and improving the economy.

[0012] The flow direction of the inlet gas flow of the gas storage ring can be arranged along the one-side direction of the axis of the gas storage ring by optimizing the specific structure and connection position relationship of the gas storage ring and the auxiliary chamber, or by some flow guiding measures; the planar shape of the gas storage ring can be D-shaped, b-shaped, rectangular, oval, racetrack-shaped, mouth-shaped or day-shaped, and is not limited to the above examples. In addition, in this document, the "side wall" refers to the wall on the side in the horizontal plane, which is opposite to the top and bottom; the "side wall" can be the wall on the two sides of the chamber in the transverse direction along the axis direction, or the wall of a specific end surface perpendicular to the axis direction.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of the utility model, the gas storage ring comprises a first gas storage straight channel and a reflux channel, the first gas storage straight channel and the reflux channel are connected in sequence and form an annular channel, the first gas storage straight channel is a straight line-shaped chamber structure, the auxiliary chamber is connected with the end of the first gas storage straight channel, and the outlet direction of the gas inlet and outlet pipeline is arranged along the axis direction of the first gas storage straight channel; the reflux channel is a chamber structure or a pipeline structure. In this way, the gas flow circulation can be formed by the lower flow rate branch reflux in the reflux channel driven by the higher flow rate inlet gas flow directly using the inflation power during inflation, without external intervention, which is good in economy; and the part of the gas storage ring is constructed in a straight line shape, which is more convenient to construct than the arc-shaped curve.

[0014] The axis of the auxiliary chamber and the axis of the first gas storage straight channel can be on the same line or connected at a certain angle, according to different setting positions of the plugging body relative to the intersection, the planar shape of the gas storage ring channel can be D-shaped, at this time, the plugging body is located at the position of the intersection of the first gas storage straight channel and the return flow channel for plugging, and the first gas storage straight channel and the return flow channel are connected in head-to-tail; the planar shape of the gas storage ring channel can also be b-shaped, at this time, the plugging body is located at a position away from the return flow channel by a certain distance at the intersection of the first gas storage straight channel. The gas inlet and outlet pipeline can be a general straight pipe section or a curved pipeline, and a suitable mode is selected according to the arrangement mode between the auxiliary chamber and the first gas storage straight channel.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the utility model, the axis of the first gas storage straight channel and the axis of the auxiliary chamber are on the same line, and the end of the first gas storage straight channel extends beyond the intersection position with the return flow channel, so as to facilitate the construction of the return flow channel at the intersection, at this time, the planar arrangement shape of the gas storage ring channel is b-shaped. Wherein, the length of the first gas storage straight channel beyond the end is preferably short under the condition of meeting the construction condition.

[0016] Correspondingly, the gas inlet and outlet pipeline can be a straight pipeline, the outlet direction of which is consistent with the axis direction of the first gas storage straight channel, and the structure is simple and the heat loss is small.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, one end of the return flow channel is in communication with the tail end of the first gas storage straight channel, and the other end of the return flow channel is connected to the side wall of the first gas storage straight channel, which is beneficial to improve the flowability of the gas flow at the tail end of the first gas storage straight channel, reduce the risk of local extreme high temperature in the chamber, and improve the gas storage efficiency.

[0018] Further, when the return flow channel is a chamber structure, the return flow channel comprises a second gas storage straight channel, a third gas storage straight channel, a first bend and a second bend, the first bend, the second gas storage straight channel, the second bend and the third gas storage straight channel are connected in sequence from the tail end of the first gas storage straight channel, and finally in communication with the first gas storage straight channel. The second gas storage straight channel and the third gas storage straight channel are arranged at the return flow channel, which is beneficial to reduce the difficulty of chamber excavation; wherein the second gas storage straight channel and the first gas storage straight channel are connected through the first bend, and the second gas storage straight channel and the third gas storage straight channel are connected through the second bend, which is beneficial to reduce the capacity loss of gas flow at the turning place of the chamber.

[0019] As a preferred scheme of the utility model, the backflow channel is a chamber structure; the backflow channel comprises a second gas storage straight channel, a first horizontal channel and a second horizontal channel, the second gas storage straight channel, the first horizontal channel and the second horizontal channel are all linear, the first gas storage straight channel and the second gas storage straight channel are arranged in parallel, the first horizontal channel and the second horizontal channel are arranged in parallel, and the two ends of the first horizontal channel are respectively connected to the side walls of the first gas storage straight channel and the second gas storage straight channel, the two ends of the second horizontal channel are respectively connected to the side walls of the first gas storage straight channel and the second gas storage straight channel, the first horizontal channel is located at the inlet end of the first gas storage straight channel, and the second horizontal channel is located at the tail end of the first gas storage straight channel; the tail end of the first gas storage straight channel is arranged beyond the second horizontal channel, one end of the second gas storage straight channel close to the inlet is arranged beyond the first horizontal channel, and one end of the second gas storage straight channel away from the inlet is arranged beyond the second horizontal channel.

[0020] The gas storage ring channel is configured by connecting a plurality of linear channel structures, so that the chamber excavation is difficult and the construction is convenient.

[0021] As another preferred scheme of the utility model, the gas storage ring channel is an annular structure connected at the head and tail, a flow guide device is arranged in the gas storage ring channel, the flow guide device is connected to the gas inlet and outlet pipeline, and the flow guide device is used for changing the direction of the gas flow to make the inlet gas flow flow on one side along the axis direction of the gas storage ring channel. The gas inlet and outlet pipeline can be a straight pipe or a bent pipe.

[0022] The flow guide device is arranged to guide the gas flow into the gas storage ring channel on one side along the axis direction of the gas storage ring channel, so that the gas flow flows around the gas storage ring channel under the inflation pressure and realizes one-way circulation, the temperature heat transfer is accelerated, the phenomenon that the inlet gas flow directly blows to the wall of the chamber and generates vortex at the wall is avoided, the temperature stratification is generated, the uniformity of the chamber temperature is improved, the risk of local high temperature of the chamber is reduced, and the inflation speed is improved, the gas storage time is shortened, and the gas storage efficiency is improved.

[0023] As a preferred scheme of the utility model, the flow guide device adopts a first flow guide plate, and the first flow guide plate is an arc-shaped cross-section structure. The arc-shaped flow guide structure is used for one-side guiding of the inlet gas flow, the heat loss at the turning part is small, the maintenance is easy, the inlet gas flow is prevented from directly colliding with the inner wall of the chamber, the sealing performance of the sealing structure is ensured, and the maintenance cycle of the sealing structure is prolonged.

[0024] As a preferred scheme of the utility model, the flow guide device adopts a bent pipeline, and the bent pipeline is detachably connected or integrally connected with the gas inlet and outlet pipeline. The bent pipeline is used for one-side guiding of the inlet gas flow along the axis of the gas storage ring channel, the inlet gas flow is prevented from directly colliding with the inner wall of the chamber, and the heat loss is reduced.

[0025] As a preferred scheme of the utility model, the inside of the curved pipeline is provided with a second flow guide plate at the corner, the second flow guide plate is used for receiving the inlet air flow and guiding it along the axis direction of the curved pipeline, reduces the heat loss at the corner, and improves the energy utilization rate.

[0026] As a preferred scheme of the utility model, the gas storage ring is provided with a buttress, the buttress is fixedly connected with the curved pipeline, reduces the vibration amplitude of the curved pipeline, and prolongs the service life of the curved pipeline.

[0027] As a preferred scheme of the utility model, the tunnel type gas storage cavern further comprises an inclined shaft or a vertical shaft, one end of the inclined shaft or the vertical shaft is connected with the ground, the other end is connected with the auxiliary chamber, and the inclined shaft or the vertical shaft is located outside the gas storage area in horizontal projection. The inclined shaft or the vertical shaft and the gas storage area (the chamber in the tunnel type gas storage cavern which actually stores gas) are arranged separately in horizontal projection, so that the stability of surrounding rock is not affected by the inclined shaft or the vertical shaft arranged above the gas storage cavern, thereby affecting the energy storage safety of the gas storage cavern.

[0028] In conclusion, due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

[0029] The tunnel type gas storage cavern for compressed air energy storage has small influence on the stability of the overlying surrounding rock of the chamber, is beneficial to the stability of the surrounding rock and the safety of the buried depth, has good stress of the plugging body, is convenient for construction, can form a circular circulation in the gas storage ring by using the high-pressure and high-flow inlet air flow, improve the gas flowability in the gas storage ring, speed up the heat transfer, reduce the risk of local high temperature in the chamber, thereby being beneficial to speeding up the inflation speed, improving the gas storage efficiency, and improving the economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a tunnel type gas storage cavern for compressed air energy storage in embodiment 1;

[0031] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of a tunnel type gas storage cavern for compressed air energy storage in embodiment 2;

[0032] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of a tunnel type gas storage cavern for compressed air energy storage in embodiment 3;

[0033] Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the intersection between the auxiliary chamber and the gas storage ring in embodiment 3;

[0034] Figure 5 is Figure 4 A part of the enlarged view;

[0035] Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of a tunnel type gas storage cavern for compressed air energy storage in embodiment 4;

[0036] Figure 7 is a structural schematic view of another tunnel type gas storage cavern for compressed air energy storage in embodiment 4;

[0037] Figure 8 is a structural schematic view of the arrangement when a second guide plate is arranged in the curved pipe in embodiment 4;

[0038] Figure 9 is a structural schematic view of a tunnel type gas storage cavern for compressed air energy storage in embodiment 5.

[0039] Figure: 1 - gas storage ring channel; 11 - first gas storage straight channel; 12 - second gas storage straight channel; 13 - first cross channel; 14 - second cross channel; 15 - first curved channel; 16 - second curved channel; 17 - third gas storage straight channel; 2 - auxiliary cavern; 3 - sealing body; 4 - gas inlet and outlet pipe; 5 - first guide plate; 6 - second guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer and more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] A tunnel type gas storage cavern for compressed air energy storage, such as Figure 1As shown, it comprises a gas storage ring 1, an auxiliary chamber 2, a blocking body 3 and a gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4. The auxiliary chamber 2 is used for communication with the outside, and in this embodiment, the auxiliary chamber 2 and the gas storage ring 1 are both arranged horizontally, the auxiliary chamber 2 is horizontally connected with the sidewall of the gas storage ring 1, avoiding the auxiliary chamber 2 from converging above the gas storage ring 1, thereby reducing the influence on the stability of the overlying surrounding rock of the chamber; further, the blocking body 3 is arranged in the auxiliary chamber 2, the blocking body 3 is used for blocking the gas storage ring 1, and the axis thereof is also arranged horizontally, and the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4 for communicating the auxiliary chamber 2 and the gas storage ring 1 is arranged at the blocking body 3, for inflating the chamber. By arranging the blocking body 3 horizontally in the auxiliary chamber 2, the blocking body 3 can have good supporting force during construction, thereby facilitating the end formwork and reducing the difficulty of formwork; after the construction of the blocking body 3 is completed, the blocking body 3 only needs to resist the air internal pressure through the friction between the blocking body 3 and the wall and the surrounding rock thrust, without bearing its own gravity, and has good stress resistance, which is more conducive to improving the resistance to cyclic dynamic load during the inflation and deflation stages, has high safety margin and good stability, and is conducive to ensuring the safety and sealing of the chamber.

[0044] In the prior art, since the gas inlet direction of the annular gas storage chamber is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the wall of the gas storage chamber, although the gas storage chamber is annular, the straight blowing of the gas flow to the wall will cause the gas flow to form a vortex at the wall, and then flow to both sides, and finally the gas flows on both sides meet and tend to be stationary, which cannot form a ring flow, and a temperature accumulation phenomenon will occur at the gas flow intersection, thereby affecting the gas storage efficiency. Therefore, the tunnel type gas storage chamber is further constructed as follows: the flow direction of the inlet gas flow of the gas storage ring 1 is arranged along the axis of the gas storage ring 1 on one side, so that the inlet gas flow can form a one-sided circulating flow along the annular channel of the gas storage ring 1 by using the inflation pressure during the inflation stage, improve the gas flow in the gas storage ring, reduce the risk of local high temperature in the chamber, thereby facilitating the inflation speed, improving the energy utilization rate, improving the gas storage efficiency and improving the economy.

[0045] To achieve the effect of temperature control by airflow self-circulation, the structure of the gas storage chamber is further improved in the embodiment. Specifically, in the embodiment, the gas storage ring channel 1 includes a first gas storage straight channel 11 and a backflow channel, which are connected in sequence to form a ring channel, and in the embodiment, the first gas storage straight channel 11 and the backflow channel are both tunnel chamber structures; the first gas storage straight channel 11 is linear, and the backflow channel in the embodiment specifically includes a second gas storage straight channel 12, a third gas storage straight channel 17, a first bend 15 and a second bend 16, the second gas storage straight channel 12 and the third gas storage straight channel 17 are both linear, the second gas storage straight channel 12 is arranged in parallel with the first gas storage straight channel 11, the second gas storage straight channel 12 is connected to the tail end of the first gas storage straight channel 11 through the semicircular first bend 15, the other end of the second gas storage straight channel 12 is connected to the second bend 16 with an arc of 45°, the other end of the second bend 16 is connected to the third gas storage straight channel 17, and the other end of the third gas storage straight channel 17 is connected to the first gas storage straight channel 11 perpendicularly near the entrance. In the embodiment, the axis of the first gas storage straight channel 11 is preferably arranged in the same straight line as the axis of the auxiliary chamber 2, and the inlet end of the first gas storage straight channel 11 is arranged to extend beyond the intersection position with the third gas storage straight channel 17, and the sealing body 3 is arranged at the inlet end of the first gas storage straight channel 11 for sealing, and the planar arrangement shape of the gas storage ring channel 1 as a whole is in the shape of the letter b; accordingly, the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4 can adopt a straight pipeline, and the outlet direction thereof is towards the axis direction of the first gas storage straight channel 11, and in the process of inflation, the lower flow rate airflow flowing back from the third gas storage straight channel 17 can be directly blown away along the axis direction of the first gas storage straight channel 11 under the action of the higher flow rate inlet airflow, so as to form airflow circulation, speed up the speed of reducing the chamber temperature, improve the inflation speed and improve the gas storage efficiency. In the embodiment, the sealing body 3 is arranged at a distance away from the third gas storage straight channel 17, which is beneficial to the construction of the intersection, the distance between the sealing body 3 and the nearest intersection is set as a first distance L1, the length of the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4 located in the gas storage ring channel 1 is preferably less than the distance L1, and the airflow circulation effect is better, and numerical simulation shows that the straight channel region at the first distance L1 is a low temperature section, and therefore the length thereof is preferably short under the condition of meeting the construction requirements.

[0046] In the above-mentioned tunnel type gas storage chamber, the auxiliary chamber 2 outside the sealing body 3 is a transportation channel, the gas storage ring channel 1 inside the sealing body 3 is used for gas storage, and the auxiliary chamber is connected with the outside through a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft, and the vertical shaft or the inclined shaft can be arranged as far as possible from the overburden rock mass near the gas storage region (the chamber having actual gas storage function in the tunnel type gas storage chamber, i.e. the gas storage ring channel 1), so as to reduce the influence on the stability of the overburden rock mass of the gas storage chamber and improve the safe burial depth.

[0047] According to simulation verification, during the inflation process, the inlet gas enters the gas storage ring channel 1 from the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4, and after the flow field is stabilized, the gas will circulate in the ring channel in the direction shown in the figure, the air velocity distribution in the entire gas storage ring channel 1 is relatively uniform, there is no area close to zero flow rate, the temperature distribution in the ring channel is relatively uniform, and the highest temperature is close to the average temperature.

[0048] The tunnel type gas storage chamber for compressed air energy storage provided in the embodiment has little influence on the stability of the overlying surrounding rock of the chamber, is beneficial to the stability of the surrounding rock and the safety of the buried depth, the sealing body 3 in the scheme has better stress resistance and is more convenient to construct compared with the arrangement mode of the prior art gas storage chamber, in addition, the scheme can form air flow circular circulation in the gas storage ring channel 1 through the inlet gas flow to improve the gas flowability in the gas storage ring channel, speed up the heat transfer of temperature, reduce the risk of local high temperature in the chamber, thereby being beneficial to accelerating the inflation speed, improving the gas storage efficiency, improving the energy storage economy, and having good overall cost performance.

[0049] Embodiment 2

[0050] Based on embodiment 1, the embodiment further provides a tunnel type gas storage chamber for compressed air energy storage. Compared with embodiment 1, the difference of the tunnel type gas storage chamber in the embodiment mainly lies in the different structure shape of the gas storage ring channel 1.

[0051] As shown in Figure 2 , the tunnel type gas storage chamber in the embodiment includes a gas storage ring channel 1, an auxiliary chamber 2 and a sealing body 3, the auxiliary chamber 2 is used for communication with the outside, the auxiliary chamber 2 and the gas storage ring channel 1 are both horizontally arranged, and the auxiliary chamber 2 is horizontally connected with the side wall of the gas storage ring channel 1; the sealing body 3 is arranged in the auxiliary chamber 2, and the sealing body 3 is provided with a gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4 for communicating the auxiliary chamber 2 and the gas storage ring channel 1. The overall arrangement shape of the gas storage ring channel 1 in the embodiment is in the shape of a "mouth" or a "day".

[0052] To facilitate construction and achieve the effect of temperature control through airflow self-circulation, the structure shape of the gas storage ring channel 1 is further improved in the embodiment. Specifically, the gas storage ring channel 1 includes a first gas storage straight channel 11, a second gas storage straight channel 12, a first horizontal passage 13, and a second horizontal passage 14, all of which are in a straight line structure. The first horizontal passage 13, the second gas storage straight channel 12, and the second horizontal passage 14 are connected in sequence to form a return flow passage connected to the first gas storage straight channel 11. Among them, the first gas storage straight channel 11 and the second gas storage straight channel 12 are arranged in parallel, the first horizontal passage 13 and the second horizontal passage 14 are arranged in parallel, and the two ends of the first horizontal passage 13 are respectively connected to the first gas storage straight channel 11 and the second gas storage straight channel 12 horizontally, and the two ends of the second horizontal passage 14 are also respectively connected to the first gas storage straight channel 11 and the second gas storage straight channel 12 horizontally. The first horizontal passage 13 is located at the inlet end of the first gas storage straight channel 11, and the second horizontal passage 14 is located at the tail end of the first gas storage straight channel 11. In this scheme, the gas storage ring channel 1 is constructed by connecting several straight line cylindrical passages, which is more convenient for construction and has low cost compared with directly using a circular bend for flow.

[0053] Further, in the embodiment, the axis of the auxiliary chamber 2 and the axis of the first gas storage straight channel 11 are on the same straight line, the inlet end of the first gas storage straight channel 11 is arranged beyond the first horizontal passage 13, and the tail end of the first gas storage straight channel 11 is also arranged beyond the second horizontal passage 14, facilitating the intersection construction; the plugging body 3 is arranged at the inlet end of the first gas storage straight channel 11, leaving a distance between the intersection position of the first horizontal passage 13 and the first gas storage straight channel 11, and the inflation direction of the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4 is arranged along the axis direction of the first gas storage straight channel 11. During inflation, the lower flow rate airflow flowing back from the first horizontal passage 13 can be directly blown away along the axis direction of the first gas storage straight channel 11 under the action of the higher flow rate inlet airflow, thereby forming airflow self-circulation in the gas storage ring channel 1, slowing down or even avoiding the formation of local extremely high temperature, accelerating the speed of lowering the chamber temperature, improving the inflation speed, and improving the gas storage efficiency.

[0054] To facilitate intersection construction, the end of the second gas storage straight channel 12 close to the inlet can also be arranged beyond the first horizontal passage 13, and the end of the second gas storage straight channel 12 away from the inlet can be arranged beyond the second horizontal passage 14. Under the condition of meeting the construction conditions, the length of the first gas storage straight channel 11 and the second gas storage straight channel 12 beyond the first horizontal passage or the second horizontal passage should be short.

[0055] Further, based on the tunnel-type gas storage chamber structure, other horizontal passages can be arranged between the first horizontal passage 13 and the second horizontal passage 14 to communicate the first gas storage straight passage 11 and the second gas storage straight passage 12, so that the overall arrangement shape of the gas storage ring passage 1 is in the shape of a "day" or "eye", and the arrangement of the middle horizontal passage facilitates the acceleration of the chamber excavation process, and also enables the formation of air flow circulation in the chamber.

[0056] According to simulation verification, during the inflation process, the inlet gas enters the first gas storage straight passage 11 from the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4, and after the flow field is stabilized, the gas will flow from the first gas storage straight passage 11 along the middle horizontal passage and the second horizontal passage 14 into the second gas storage straight passage 12, and then flow back to the first gas storage straight passage 11 from the first horizontal passage 13 close to the inlet end, forming a circulating flow as shown in Figure 2 The air velocity distribution in the first gas storage straight passage 11 and the second gas storage straight passage 12 is relatively uniform, there is no zero flow velocity area close to the inlet, so the temperature distribution in the entire artificial gas storage chamber is relatively uniform, and the maximum temperature is close to the average temperature.

[0057] In the prior art, the linear cylindrical type plane arrangement of the gas storage chamber is adopted, according to the air flow principle and simulation verification, it is found that after the gas enters the chamber through the pipeline, there is a vortex flow phenomenon within a certain range of the inlet, unidirectional flow is mainly in a place far away from the inlet, and the flow velocity is smaller in a place farther away from the inlet, and the velocity is basically close to zero at the tail end of the chamber, which produces extremely high temperature. In order to avoid the extremely high temperature, the prior art needs to stop inflation when the temperature exceeds a certain value during the process of storing gas in the straight cylinder chamber, and generally slows down the inflation speed when the first inflation or pressure is zero, waits for the local high temperature in the chamber to slowly dissipate, and then continues to inflate after the temperature decreases, and the inflation is carried out in this way until the operating gas storage pressure is reached, and the gas storage efficiency is low. Therefore, for the current straight cylinder type artificial chamber, the longer the gas storage length of a single gas storage chamber, the slower the air flow velocity close to the tail end, and the smaller the gas storage efficiency, and the suitable scale length of the gas storage chamber is small.

[0058] And the straight cylinder type gas storage chamber provided in the embodiment is used for compressed air energy storage, which not only optimizes the connection position of the auxiliary chamber 2 and the gas storage ring passage 1, improves the stress of the surrounding rock and the sealing body 3, but also enables the straight cylinder type structure to be applicable to the large-scale underground energy storage artificial chamber with a large length-diameter ratio of the gas storage chamber structure, and reduces the construction difficulty.

[0059] Embodiment 3

[0060] Based on the embodiment 1, the embodiment further provides a tunnel type gas storage chamber for compressed air energy storage. Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference of the tunnel type gas storage chamber of the embodiment mainly lies in the configuration shape of the gas storage ring channel 1 and the connection position between the gas storage ring channel 1 and the auxiliary chamber 2. The embodiment adopts a flow guide device to change the direction of the inlet airflow, so that a circulating airflow is formed in the gas storage chamber, and the purpose of temperature control is achieved.

[0061] Specifically, as shown in the figure, Figures 3-5 the plane arrangement of the gas storage ring channel 1 in the embodiment is configured as a ring shape connected at the head and tail, such as a runway shape, including a first straight channel, a second straight channel, a first curved channel 15 and a second curved channel 16, which are sequentially connected at the head and tail. The auxiliary chamber 2 is connected with the side wall of the first straight channel / second straight channel / first curved channel 15 / second curved channel 16 orthogonally, the blocking body 3 is located at the connection end of the auxiliary chamber 2 and the gas storage ring channel 1, and the blocking body 3 is smoothly connected with the side wall of the gas storage ring channel 1, which neither occupies the gas storage space nor can avoid the long-time retention of the airflow at the intersection between the auxiliary chamber 2 and the gas storage ring channel 1.

[0062] The flow guide device is arranged in the gas storage ring channel 1, the flow guide device is connected with the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4, and the flow guide device is used to change the direction of the airflow so that the inlet airflow flows along the axis direction of the gas storage ring channel 1. The flow guide device in the embodiment adopts a first flow guide plate 5, which is an arc-shaped cross-section configuration. The arc-shaped flow guide configuration is used to guide the inlet airflow of the gas storage ring channel 1 along the axis direction on one side, which is beneficial to reduce the heat loss and avoid the direct collision of the circulating inlet airflow with the inner wall of the chamber, and is easy to maintain the sealing structure of the chamber.

[0063] In the prior art, the intersection between the auxiliary chamber 2 and the gas storage chamber of the ring type arrangement is generally orthogonal or approximately orthogonal, and the inlet direction is perpendicular or basically perpendicular to the wall of the gas storage chamber. In this case, according to the principle of air flow and simulation verification, it is found that during the charging stage, two airflows with opposite directions and equivalent flow rates will be generated at the inlet, and finally meet at a certain cross section in the gas storage chamber, and the gas flow rate at this position is close to zero, which will cause a large energy loss and an extremely high temperature phenomenon. This local extreme high temperature phenomenon is not allowed. The embodiment changes the direction of the inlet airflow by arranging the flow guide device in the gas storage ring channel 1, so that a one-sided circulating airflow is formed in the gas storage ring channel 1, which is beneficial to reduce the risk of local extreme high temperature phenomenon occurring at a certain cross section in the chamber.

[0064] Further, as shown in the figure, Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the number of the first flow guide plates 5 in the embodiment is provided with several, the bottom of the first flow guide plate 5 is fixedly connected with the gas storage ring channel 1, and the several first flow guide plates 5 are arranged in parallel and are arranged in columns. By arranging the several first flow guide plates 5 in the arc structure in the gas storage ring channel 1 to receive the airflow blown by the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4, the airflow can be divided among the several first flow guide plates 5 arranged at intervals, the energy impact of the single airflow is reduced, the energy loss is reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, then the small airflow is guided into the gas storage ring channel 1 along the axis direction of the gas storage ring channel 1 on one side respectively, the airflow flows and circulates around the gas storage ring channel 1 under the inflation pressure, the phenomenon that the inlet airflow directly blows to the hole wall and generates vortex flow at the hole wall to generate temperature stratification is avoided, the risk of generating local extremely high temperature is reduced, thereby the gas storage efficiency is improved. The several first flow guide plates can guide and divide the flow at the entrance of the chamber, which can reduce the stratification phenomenon of the temperature along the axis direction of the chamber and the stratification phenomenon of the temperature on the cross section, improve the uniformity of the airflow velocity, improve the uniformity of the chamber temperature, more easily realize the circumferential flow, have good economy, and have low maintenance difficulty of the chamber. The number of the first flow guide plates 5 is preferably adjusted according to the diameter of the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4.

[0065] In the embodiment, the arc length of the several first flow guide plates 5 changes from the side of the outer side wall of the gas storage ring channel 1 to the side of the inner side wall, each end direction of the first flow guide plate 5 is parallel to the outlet direction of the gas inlet pipeline, the other end direction is parallel or approximately parallel to the wall surface of the gas storage ring channel 1, that is, arranged along the axis direction of the gas storage ring channel 1, the two ends of the several first flow guide plates 5 are aligned with each other, and the first flow guide plate 5 is used to receive the airflow blown by the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4 and guide the airflow on one side along the axis direction of the gas storage ring channel 1. In the embodiment, the first flow guide plate 5 can be made of reinforced concrete structure and integrated with the chamber lining, the first flow guide plate 5 is coated with pressure-resistant and temperature-resistant material to make the surface smooth, the end of the first flow guide plate 5 closest to the side of the inner side wall of the gas storage ring channel 1 is extended to abut against the side of the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4 away from the guide direction, the airflow is blocked from diffusing in the opposite direction, so that the inflation airflow can be introduced in one direction along the arc segment of the first flow guide plate 5; further, in the embodiment, the arrangement width a of the several first flow guide plates 5 is preferably greater than the diameter of the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4, so that the large airflow can be blown to the gap between the adjacent first flow guide plates 5 as much as possible to divide the airflow, which is beneficial to reduce the cyclic pressurization impact of the single airflow on the first flow guide plate 5, thereby prolonging the service life of the first flow guide plate 5, and is also beneficial to reduce airflow turbulence or vortex flow, reduce energy loss and temperature at the inlet.

[0066] After the simulation verification, the inlet gas passes through the plugging body 3 from the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4 and enters the gas storage ring channel 1 along the first flow guide plate 5, and basically flows into the chamber along the direction parallel to the wall surface of the gas storage ring channel 1, and forms a flow field as shown in the figure after the flow field is stable. Figure 3As shown in the figure, the air flow velocity distribution inside the air storage ring 1 is relatively uniform, and the temperature distribution is uniform, without local extreme high temperature phenomenon.

[0067] As other implementable manners, the first flow guide plate 5 can also be arranged at the intersection or turning section of the air storage chamber, such as the intersection of the first air storage straight channel 11 and the second transverse channel 14 in the embodiment 2, the intersections of the second air storage straight channel 12 and the second transverse channel 14 and the first transverse channel 13, respectively, to achieve smooth turning of the air flow, control unidirectional flow of the air flow, avoid vortex formation, and promote smooth flow of the air flow, so that the temperature distribution during the air charging process will be more uniform, and the temperature control of the air storage chamber will be more beneficial.

[0068] Embodiment 4

[0069] Based on the embodiment 3, the embodiment further provides a tunnel type air storage chamber for compressed air energy storage, as shown in the figure, Figure 6 or Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the difference mainly lies in that the above-mentioned flow guide device adopts a curved pipeline, the curved pipeline is connected with the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4, the inlet air flow direction can be changed through the curved pipeline, the circulating air flow is formed inside the air storage chamber, and the purpose of temperature control is achieved. Among them, the curved pipeline and the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4 can be detachably connected through a joint, or can be integrally connected with the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4.

[0070] In the embodiment, the bending angle of the curved pipeline should be appropriate to ensure that the outlet direction is parallel to the wall surface of the air storage chamber. During the air charging and discharging process, the vibration of the curved pipeline is strong and the amplitude is large due to the suspended setting of the curved pipeline. In order to prolong the service life of the curved pipeline, a buttress is preferably arranged at the bottom of the curved pipeline, the buttress is fixedly connected with the air storage ring 1, and the curved pipeline is fixedly installed on the buttress to reduce vibration. Among them, the cross section of the buttress should not be too large, so as not to occupy too much air storage space.

[0071] The inlet gas passes through the plugging body 3 from the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4, enters the air storage chamber in a unidirectional and parallel direction to the wall surface of the air storage ring 1 through the curved pipeline part, and after simulation verification, the stable flow field forms Figure 6 or Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the air flow velocity distribution inside the air storage ring 1 is relatively uniform, and the temperature distribution is uniform, without local extreme high temperature phenomenon.

[0072] Further, since the air speed in the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4 is large, a large speed loss will be generated at the turning part of the curved pipeline, which will also increase the energy inside the air storage chamber. Therefore, in order to reduce the air flow loss at the turning part of the curved pipeline, the embodiment is as shown in the figure, Figure 8As shown, a row of second flow guides 6 is arranged at the corner part of the curved pipeline, and the second flow guides 6 are used to receive the gas inlet flow of the pipeline 4 and smoothly guide the outlet flow. Specifically, the second flow guides 6 are in arc-shaped configuration; the number of the second flow guides 6 is several, and the configuration sizes of the several second flow guides 6 can be set to be the same, and the several second flow guides 6 are arranged in a row at the corner part, and the gas inlet flow in the pipeline 4 is divided by the several second flow guides 6, so as to reduce the impact energy of the single gas flow and reduce the heat loss. The arrangement of the second flow guides 6 can change the direction of the inlet flow of the gas storage chamber and reduce the loss of the gas flow, so as to improve the energy utilization rate and increase the gas storage efficiency.

[0073] According to the numerical simulation experiment, for the gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4 with a diameter of 1 m, five second flow guides 6 are arranged in a row, which can eliminate the vortex at the corner of the curved pipeline and effectively reduce the flow rate difference between the inner and outer sides of the pipeline after the corner.

[0074] Embodiment 5

[0075] Compared with Embodiment 1, the main difference of the present embodiment is that the backflow channel in the present embodiment can adopt a backflow pipe similar to the conventional chamber structure, and the backflow pipe is a pipeline structure made of special materials. The use of the backflow pipe forms a circulating gas flow between the gas storage chamber and the backflow pipe, which can also achieve the purpose of temperature control.

[0076] Referring to the drawings, Figure 9 The gas storage chamber includes a gas inlet and outlet pipeline 4, a first gas storage straight pipe 11, and a backflow pipe. The first gas storage straight pipe 11 is a cylindrical chamber structure. One end of the backflow pipe is connected to the tail end m of the first gas storage straight pipe 11, and the other end is connected to the vicinity n of the gas inlet of the first gas storage straight pipe 11. After simulation verification, after the flow field is stable, the inlet gas forms a vortex within a certain range at the gas inlet, and then flows uniformly to the tail end m at a certain speed. After passing through the backflow pipe, it flows into the vicinity of the inlet of the chamber and flows to the tail end m at the same time as the inlet gas, forming a gas flow circulation in the cylindrical gas storage chamber, and the extreme high temperature phenomenon at the tail end will be significantly improved. The backflow pipe is used to construct the backflow channel, which is suitable for temperature control improvement of the existing cylindrical gas storage chamber, has small rock mass excavation amount, and has better adaptability to the arc-shaped corner.

[0077] In the present scheme, the backflow pipe itself should be able to withstand the same gas pressure value as the gas storage chamber. According to simulation, the pipeline diameter of the backflow pipe should be not less than 1 / 4 of the diameter of the first gas storage straight pipe 11, and the temperature control effect will be more obvious with the increase of the diameter of the backflow pipe.

[0078] It should be noted that, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present application, the terms "horizontal", "parallel" and the like appear without special indication, which do not mean that the corresponding structure must be absolutely horizontal or parallel, but can be slightly inclined or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is relatively more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined. Alternatively, it can be simplified to understand that the corresponding structure is arranged in the direction of "horizontal", "parallel" and the like, and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably an error / deviation of ±8% or less, more preferably an error / deviation of ±6% or less, more preferably an error / deviation of ±5% or less, and more preferably an error / deviation of ±4% or less. As long as the corresponding structure is arranged within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the present application scheme.

[0079] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like appearing in the description are only used to distinguish the description of the same or similar parts, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of the specific parts.

[0080] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tunnel-type gas storage chamber for compressed air energy storage, characterized in that: It comprises a gas storage ring channel (1), an auxiliary cavern (2) and a blocking body (3), wherein the auxiliary cavern (2) is communicated with the outside, the auxiliary cavern (2) and the gas storage ring channel (1) are both arranged horizontally, and the auxiliary cavern (2) is horizontally connected to the side wall of the gas storage ring channel (1); The blocking body (3) is arranged in the auxiliary cavern (2), and a gas inlet and outlet pipe (4) for connecting the auxiliary cavern (2) and the gas storage annular channel (1) is provided at the blocking body (3); The flow direction of the airflow at the inlet of the air storage annular channel (1) is arranged along a single side direction of the axis of the air storage annular channel (1).

2. The tunnel-type gas storage chamber for compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage annular channel (1) comprises a first gas storage straight channel (11) and a return channel, wherein the first gas storage straight channel (11) and the return channel are connected in sequence to form an annular channel, the first gas storage straight channel (11) is a linear cavern structure, the auxiliary cavern (2) is connected to the end of the first gas storage straight channel (11), and the outlet direction of the gas inlet and outlet pipe (4) is arranged along the axial direction of the first gas storage straight channel (11); the return channel is a cavern structure or a pipeline structure.

3. The tunnel-type gas storage chamber for compressed air energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axis of the first gas storage straight channel (11) and the axis of the auxiliary chamber (2) are arranged on the same straight line, and the end of the first gas storage straight channel (11) extends beyond the intersection position with the reflux channel.

4. The tunnel-type gas storage chamber for compressed air energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the reflux channel is in communication with the tail end of the first gas storage straight channel (11), and the other end of the reflux channel is connected to the side wall of the first gas storage straight channel (11); The reflux channel comprises a second gas storage straight channel (12), a third gas storage straight channel (17), a first bend (15) and a second bend (16), wherein the first bend (15), the second gas storage straight channel (12), the second bend (16) and the third gas storage straight channel (17) are connected in sequence from the rear end of the first gas storage straight channel (11).

5. The tunnel-type air storage chamber for compressed air energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The return channel is a cavern structure; the return channel comprises a second gas storage straight channel (12), a first transverse channel (13) and a second transverse channel (14); the second gas storage straight channel (12), the first transverse channel (13) and the second transverse channel (14) are all in a straight line; the first gas storage straight channel (11) and the second gas storage straight channel (12) are arranged in parallel; the first transverse channel (13) and the second transverse channel (14) are arranged in parallel; and both ends of the first transverse channel (13) are respectively connected transversely to the side walls of the first gas storage straight channel (11) and the second gas storage straight channel (12); the two ends of the second transverse channel (14) are respectively connected transversely to the side walls of the first gas storage straight channel (11) and the second gas storage straight channel (12); the first transverse channel (13) is located at the inlet end side of the first gas storage straight channel (11); and the second transverse channel (14) is located at the tail end side of the first gas storage straight channel (11); The tail end of the first gas storage straight channel (11) is arranged beyond the second transverse channel (14), the end of the second gas storage straight channel (12) close to the inlet is arranged beyond the first transverse channel (13), and the end of the second gas storage straight channel (12) away from the inlet is arranged beyond the second transverse channel (14).

6. The tunnel-type air storage chamber for compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage annulus (1) is a ring structure connected end to end. A flow guide device is provided in the gas storage annulus (1). The flow guide device is connected to the gas inlet and outlet pipe (4). The flow guide device is used to change the direction of the air flow and make the intake air flow flow unilaterally along the axial direction of the gas storage annulus (1).

7. The tunnel-type air storage chamber for compressed air energy storage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow guide device adopts a first flow guide plate (5), and the first flow guide plate (5) is an arc-shaped cross-section structure.

8. The tunnel-type air storage chamber for compressed air energy storage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow guide device adopts a curved pipe, and the curved pipe is detachably connected to the gas inlet and outlet pipe (4) or integrally connected.

9. The tunnel-type gas storage chamber for compressed air energy storage according to claim 8, characterized in that: A second guide plate (6) is provided at a corner inside the curved pipe, and the second guide plate (6) is used to receive the intake air flow and guide it out along the axial direction of the curved pipe.

10. A tunnel-type gas storage chamber for compressed air energy storage according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It also includes an inclined well or a vertical well, one end of which is connected to the ground and the other end is connected to the auxiliary cavern (2), and in horizontal projection, the inclined well or the vertical well is located outside the gas storage area.

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