Coil winding and motor
By adopting a combination structure of I-shaped conductors, flat wire conductors and Litz wire conductors in the flat wire motor, combined with insulating paper covering, the problem of high motor loss is solved, and the motor loss is reduced and the power density is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422854351.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-21
AI Technical Summary
The stator end structure of existing flat wire motors results in high motor losses, especially large AC losses and eddy current losses.
A three-phase coil structure is adopted, including a combination of I-shaped conductors, flat wire conductors and Litz wire conductors. The thin wires of the insulation layer are highly transposed in space, combined with insulating paper covering to reduce the internal circulating current loss of the motor.
It effectively reduces AC losses and eddy current losses in motors, increases motor power density, and reduces losses caused by skin effect and proximity effect of conductors.
Smart Images
Figure CN223451707U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of flat wire motor, especially relates to a coil winding and motor. BACKGROUND
[0002] The stator end structure of the existing flat wire motor is composed of a three-phase wire inlet part, a neutral point connection part, a welding end and a hairpin end to form a current loop, and the single conductor of the three-phase winding is a square-section flat copper wire, which has high motor loss during operation. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0003] In order to solve the problems in the background art, the utility model provides a coil winding.
[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0005] A coil winding comprises:
[0006] A stator core having a plurality of stator slots with inwardly opening inner surfaces;
[0007] A three-phase coil having a plurality of conductors inserted into the stator slots, wherein the conductors comprise a plurality of I-shaped conductors, a plurality of flat wire conductors and a plurality of Litz wire conductors;
[0008] The I-shaped conductors are arranged at the bottom of the stator slots, and the Litz wire conductors are arranged at the slot openings of the three-phase coil; the flat wire conductors are used to connect the I-shaped conductors and the Litz wire conductors.
[0009] Preferably, two parallel coils are arranged in a single-phase coil of the three-phase coil.
[0010] In the direction of current flow, the two parallel coils are connected to a plurality of flat wire conductors in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction with a set span from the two I-shaped conductors at the bottom of the stator slots, and are connected to the two Litz wire conductors at the slot openings of the stator slots.
[0011] The Litz wire conductors at the slot openings of the stator slots are connected to a plurality of flat wire conductors in the opposite direction with a set span, and are connected to the other two I-shaped conductors at the bottom of the stator slots.
[0012] Preferably, the I-shaped conductors comprise a straight section, a first bending section and a first connecting section.
[0013] The first bending section is provided with two bending sections integrally connected to the two ends of the straight section, and the bending directions are opposite.
[0014] The first connecting section is provided with two connecting sections integrally connected to the ends of the first bending section away from the straight section.
[0015] Preferably, the flat wire conductor is in a U shape, comprising a first U-shaped section, a second bending section and a second connecting section.
[0016] The two second bending sections are symmetrically arranged, are integrally connected with the openings of the first U-shaped section respectively, and have opposite bending directions.
[0017] The second connecting section is provided with two, and is integrally connected to the ends of the symmetric second bending sections away from the first U-shaped section.
[0018] Preferably, the Litz wire conductor is in a U shape, comprising a second U-shaped section, a third bending section and a third connecting section.
[0019] The two third bending sections are symmetrically arranged, are connected with the openings of the second U-shaped section respectively, and have opposite bending directions.
[0020] The third connecting section is provided with two, and is integrally connected to the ends of the symmetric third bending sections away from the second U-shaped section.
[0021] Preferably, the conductor at one end of the three-phase coil is connected by welding, which is a welded end, and the other end is a closed end.
[0022] Preferably, the three-phase copper bar and the neutral bar are further included.
[0023] The three-phase copper bar is located at the closed end and is connected to part of the I-shaped conductor.
[0024] The neutral bar is located at the closed end, is located below the three-phase copper bar, and is connected to the remaining I-shaped conductor.
[0025] Preferably, the stator slot further inserts an insulating paper, and the insulating paper is used to cover part of the conductor in the stator slot for insulation.
[0026] Preferably, the number of the stator slots is m=48, the number of the I-shaped conductors is 12, the number of the Litz wire conductors satisfies (1 / 4~1 / 2)m, and the Litz wire conductors are not more than two layers in the three-phase coil.
[0027] The number of layers of the three-phase coil is 6.
[0028] A motor is installed with the coil winding.
[0029] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
[0030] The Litz wire conductor is inserted at the slot opening of the stator slot, which can effectively reduce the motor alternating current loss and eddy current loss, and improve the motor power density; in the Litz wire, the thin conductors with insulating layers are twisted or woven in the diameter direction, and are highly transposed in space, and the high transposition in space can effectively suppress the circulating loss in the motor winding.
[0031] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description of the application, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following or can be learned by practice of the application. The objects and other advantages of the application can be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.
[0033] Figure 1 The present application shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the coil winding;
[0034] Figure 2 The present application shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the coil winding;
[0035] Figure 3 The present application shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the coil winding;
[0036] Figure 4 The present application shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the coil winding;
[0037] Figure 5 The present application shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the coil winding;
[0038] Figure 6 The present application shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the coil winding;
[0039] Figure 7 The present application shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the coil winding;
[0040] Figure 8 The present application shows a schematic diagram of the assembly of the coil winding.
[0041] In the figure: 1, three-phase copper bar; 2, neutral bar; 3, three-phase coil; 301, I-shaped conductor; 3011, straight section; 3012, first bending section; 3013, first connecting section; 302, flat wire conductor; 3021, first U-shaped section; 3022, second bending section; 3023, second connecting section; 303, Litz wire conductor; 3031, second U-shaped section; 3032, third bending section; 3033, third connecting section; 4, insulating paper; 5, stator core; 501, stator slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0042] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0043] A coil winding, such as Figure 1 As shown, the stator core 5 includes a three-phase copper busbar 1, a neutral busbar 2, a three-phase coil 3, insulating paper 4, and a stator core 5. The inner surface of the stator core 5 is provided with a plurality of inward-facing stator slots 501. The three-phase coil 3 is composed of a plurality of conductors inserted into the stator slots 501, primarily including a plurality of I-shaped conductors 301, a plurality of flat wire conductors 302, and a plurality of Litz wire conductors 303. The I-shaped conductors 301 are disposed at the bottom of the stator slots 501, while the Litz wire conductors 303 are disposed at the slot openings of the three-phase coil 3. The flat wire conductors 302 are used to connect the I-shaped conductors 301 and the Litz wire conductors 303. The three-phase coil 3 is located at the closed end of the stator core 5 and is connected to the I-shaped conductors 301. The neutral busbar 2 is also located at the closed end of the stator core 5, below the three-phase copper busbar 1, and is connected to the I-shaped conductor 301 at the neutral point.
[0044] It should be noted that the stator core 5 is made of a certain number of silicon steel sheets stacked together, and rectangular stator slots 501 of the same size are opened in a circular array. In addition, an insulating paper 4 of a certain thickness is inserted into the rectangular slot, and the insulating paper 4 is wrapped around the portion of the conductor located in the stator slot 501 for insulation. 12 I-shaped conductors 301 (also called I-Pin conductors), flat wire conductors 302 and Litz wire conductors 303 are inserted into the rectangular slots. 2n (n is a natural number) conductors can be inserted into each slot. If the number of rectangular slots is m, the number of Litz wire conductors 303 is (1 / 4 to 1 / 2) m, which can be rounded up, but the number of Litz wire conductors 303 is not more than two layers. In order to achieve electrical connection between conductors in the rectangular slots, it is necessary to use methods such as hairpins or welding. In addition, the conductors at one end of the three-phase coil 3 are connected by welding, which is a welding end, and the other end is a closed end.
[0045] It needs to be further explained that in the above structure, the three-phase coil 3 is inserted with the litz wire conductor 303 at the slot opening of the stator slot 501, which can effectively reduce the motor AC loss and eddy current loss, and at the same time improve the motor power density; in the litz wire, the thin conductors with insulation layers are twisted or braided in the diameter direction, and are highly transposed in space, which can effectively suppress the circulating loss in the motor winding. In addition, the litz wire uses multiple insulated thin conductors instead of one thick conductor with a larger cross section, which not only makes the conductor more flexible and easy to bend, but also effectively reduces the eddy current loss caused by the skin effect and proximity effect.
[0046] Further, as shown in Figure 2 , the number of stator slots 501 is m=48, the number of I-shaped conductors 301 is 12, the number of litz wire conductors 303 satisfies (1 / 4~1 / 2)m, and the litz wire conductors 303 are not more than two layers in the three-phase coil 3, and the number of layers of the three-phase coil 3 is 6.
[0047] It needs to be noted that in some optional embodiments, the number of stator slots 501 can also be designed as 64 or 72, and the actual demand is specific. Moreover, the span of the three-phase coil 3 will also change according to the situation when the number of stator slots 501 changes.
[0048] Further, the three-phase coil 3 is composed of three single-phase coils of W phase, V phase and U phase, and each single-phase coil is composed of two parallel coils. Taking the current flow direction as an example, the two parallel coils take the two I-shaped conductors 301 at the bottom of the stator slot 501 as the starting point, and connect a plurality of flat wire conductors 302 in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction with a set span, until they are connected to the two litz wire conductors 303 at the slot opening of the stator slot 501; then the litz wire conductors 303 at the slot opening of the stator slot 501 are connected to a plurality of flat wire conductors 302 in the opposite direction with a set span, until they are connected to the other two I-shaped conductors 301 at the bottom of the stator slot 501.
[0049] It needs to be noted that the I-shaped conductor 301 is the lead-out line of the three-phase coil 3, which is generally connected with the three-phase copper bar 1, and the U phase, V phase and W phase each correspond to two, so the I-shaped conductor 301 connected with the three-phase copper bar 1 is 6. Similarly, the corresponding wiring position is provided on the neutral bar 2, which corresponds to the 6 I-shaped conductors 301 at the neutral point, so the I-shaped conductor 301 is generally provided as 12. The number of flat wire conductors 302 and litz wire conductors 303 is related to their structure, such as the span. The structure of the conductors will be described below. Figures 3-5
[0050] As shown in Figure 3 As shown, the I-shaped conductor 301 is a straight conductor, and the two ends are bent in opposite directions. Specifically, the I-shaped conductor 301 is provided with an integral straight section 3011, a first bent section 3012 and a first connecting section 3013. The first bent section 3012 is arranged at both ends of the straight section 3011, and the bending directions of the two ends are opposite, and the first connecting section 3013 is connected to one end of the first bent section 3012 away from the straight section 3011.
[0051] As shown in FIG. 3, the flat wire conductor 302 is U-shaped, and the openings of the U-shaped conductor are bent in opposite directions. Specifically, it is divided into a first U-shaped section 3021, a second bent section 3022 and a second connecting section 3023. Two second bent sections 3022 are symmetrically arranged and integrally connected to the openings of the first U-shaped section 3021, and the bending directions are opposite, and two second connecting sections 3023 are integrally connected to the positions of the second bent section 3022 away from the first U-shaped section 3021. Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 3, the flat wire conductor 302 is U-shaped, and the openings of the U-shaped conductor are bent in opposite directions. Specifically, it is divided into a first U-shaped section 3021, a second bent section 3022 and a second connecting section 3023. Two second bent sections 3022 are symmetrically arranged and integrally connected to the openings of the first U-shaped section 3021, and the bending directions are opposite, and two second connecting sections 3023 are integrally connected to the positions of the second bent section 3022 away from the first U-shaped section 3021.
[0052] Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 3, the flat wire conductor 302 is U-shaped, and the openings of the U-shaped conductor are bent in opposite directions. Specifically, it is divided into a first U-shaped section 3021, a second bent section 3022 and a second connecting section 3023. Two second bent sections 3022 are symmetrically arranged and integrally connected to the openings of the first U-shaped section 3021, and the bending directions are opposite, and two second connecting sections 3023 are integrally connected to the positions of the second bent section 3022 away from the first U-shaped section 3021.
[0053] Next, taking the 48-slot stator core 5 as an example, the coil winding of layers 1-6 is described.
[0054] Each of the three-phase U, V and W has two parallel branches, and each has a branch lead-out line from the fifth layer and the sixth layer of the winding (where the bottom of the stator slot 501 is the sixth layer, and the slot opening of the stator slot 501 is the first layer). The U (or V, W) phase copper bar is electrically connected, and one branch from the sixth layer is led out from the starting position of the card end (optionally one slot as the first starting slot) as the first circulation rule:
[0055] I-pin (I-shaped conductor 301) 6th layer → cross six flat wire hairpin 5th layer → 6th layer → cross six flat wire hairpin 5th layer → 4th layer → cross six hairpin 3rd layer → 4th layer → 3rd layer → 4th layer → 3rd layer → 4th layer (a total of 3 cross six flat wire hairpins, i.e. flat wire conductor 302 with a span of 6), then connect a cross six flat wire hairpin 3rd layer → 2nd layer → cross six hairpin 1st layer → 2nd layer → 1st layer → 2nd layer → 1st layer → 2nd layer (a total of 3 cross six flat wire hairpins), through a same-layer cross five flat wire hairpin to realize cross 1st layer → cross six hairpin 2nd layer → 1st layer → 2nd layer → 1st layer → 2nd layer → 1st layer (a total of 3 cross six flat wire hairpins), then connect a cross six flat wire hairpin 2nd layer → 3rd layer → cross six hairpin 4th layer → 3rd layer → 4th layer → 3rd layer → 4th layer → 3rd layer (a total of 3 cross six flat wire hairpins), then connect a cross six flat wire hairpin 4th layer → 5th layer → cross six hairpin 6th layer → 5th layer → 6th layer → 5th layer → 6th layer → 5th layer (a total of 3 cross six flat wire hairpins), through a same-layer cross five flat wire hairpin to realize cross 6th layer, then connect a cross six flat wire hairpin 5th layer → 6th layer, and finally the last I-pin (I-shaped conductor 301) is electrically short-circuited and bridged with the neutral copper bar at the 5th layer hairpin end.
[0056] Another innermost branch follows the second cycle rule and is opposite to the first starting slot in the same slot direction. The I-pin (I-pin flat wire hairpin, i.e. I-shaped conductor 301) 5th layer → cross six flat wire hairpin 6th layer → 5th layer, through a same-layer cross five flat wire hairpin to realize cross 6th layer → cross six hairpin 5th layer → 6th layer → 5th layer → 6th layer → 5th layer → 6th layer (a total of 3 cross six flat wire hairpins), then connect a cross six flat wire hairpin 5th layer → 4th layer → cross six hairpin 3rd layer → 4th layer → 3rd layer → 4th layer → 3rd layer → 4th layer (a total of 3 cross six flat wire hairpins), then connect a cross six flat wire hairpin 3rd layer → 2nd layer → cross six hairpin 1st layer → 2nd layer → 1st layer → 2nd layer → 1st layer → 2nd layer (a total of 3 cross six flat wire hairpins), through a same-layer cross five flat wire hairpin to realize cross 1st layer → cross six hairpin 2nd layer → 1st layer → 2nd layer → 1st layer → 2nd layer → 1st layer (a total of 3 cross six flat wire hairpins), then connect a cross six flat wire hairpin 2nd layer → 3rd layer → cross six hairpin 4th layer → 3rd layer → 4th layer → 3rd layer → 4th layer → 3rd layer (a total of 3 cross six flat wire hairpins), cross six flat wire hairpin 4th layer → 5th layer → cross six flat wire hairpin 6th layer → 5th layer, and finally the last I-pin (I-shaped conductor 301) is electrically short-circuited and bridged with the neutral copper bar at the 6th layer hairpin end.
[0057] It should be noted that the first cycle rule and the second cycle rule each have a card cross with the last card as a reference object, and the first cross rule and the second cross rule have the sixth layer to the fifth layer and the fifth layer to the sixth layer respectively and the direction is opposite.
[0058] It should be further pointed out that the interval of 4 stator slots 501 between the two straight conductors of the card is defined as cross five cards, and the interval of 5 stator slots 501 is defined as cross six cards.
[0059] As shown in Figure 6 , it is an unfolded view of the three-phase coil 3, in which the current enters the three-phase coil 3 from the U phase, the V phase and the W phase, and finally flows out through the neutral row 2 of the center point. The power loss and power ratio of the whole process are shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 , in which the motor using the litz wire conductor 303 has less obvious loss and greater output power.
[0060] A motor is installed with Figures 1-6 coil winding.
[0061] Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently, and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model.
Claims
1. A coil winding, characterized in that: include: The stator core (5) has a plurality of stator slots (501) with inward openings on its inner surface; A three-phase coil (3) is provided with a plurality of conductors, the conductors being inserted into the stator slots (501), and the conductors comprising a plurality of I-shaped conductors (301), a plurality of flat wire conductors (302), and a plurality of Litz wire conductors (303); The I-shaped conductor (301) is arranged at the bottom of the stator slot (501), and the Litz wire conductor (303) is arranged at the slot opening of the three-phase coil (3); the flat wire conductor (302) is used to connect the I-shaped conductor (301) and the Litz wire conductor (303).
2. The coil winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a single-phase coil of the three-phase coil (3), two coils are provided in parallel; Along the current flow direction, the two parallel coils are connected with two I-shaped conductors (301) at the bottom of the stator slot (501) as starting points, and are sequentially connected with a plurality of flat wire conductors (302) at a set span in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction until they are connected to two Litz wire conductors (303) at the slot opening of the stator slot (501); The Litz wire conductor (303) at the slot opening of the stator slot (501) is then connected to a plurality of flat wire conductors (302) in opposite directions with a set span until it is connected to two other I-shaped conductors (301) located at the bottom of the stator slot (501).
3. The coil winding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The I-shaped conductor (301) comprises a straight section (3011), a first bent section (3012) and a first connecting section (3013); Two first bending sections (3012) are provided, which are integrally connected to the two ends of the straight section (3011) respectively, and have opposite bending directions; Two first connecting sections (3013) are provided, each of which is integrally connected to one end of the first bending section (3012) away from the straight section (3011).
4. The coil winding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flat wire conductor (302) is U-shaped, comprising a first U-shaped segment (3021), a second bent segment (3022), and a second connecting segment (3023); The two second bending sections (3022) are symmetrically arranged, are respectively connected to the openings of the first U-shaped section (3021) as a whole, and have opposite bending directions; Two second connecting sections (3023) are provided, each integrally connected to an end of the symmetrical second bending section (3022) away from the first U-shaped section (3021).
5. The coil winding according to claim 4, characterized in that: The Litz wire conductor (303) is U-shaped, comprising a second U-shaped segment (3031), a third bending segment (3032) and a third connecting segment (3033); The two third bending sections (3032) are symmetrically arranged, respectively connected to the openings of the second U-shaped section (3031), and have opposite bending directions; Two third connecting sections (3033) are provided, and are respectively connected integrally to one end of the symmetrical third bending section (3032) away from the second U-shaped section (3031).
6. The coil winding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conductor at one end of the three-phase coil (3) is connected by welding and is a welding end, and the other end is a closed end.
7. The coil winding according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes a three-phase copper busbar (1) and a neutral busbar (2); The three-phase copper busbar (1) is located at a closed end and is connected to a portion of the I-shaped conductor (301); The neutral busbar (2) is located at the closed end, on the lower side of the three-phase copper busbar (1), and is connected to the remaining I-shaped conductors (301).
8. The coil winding according to claim 1, characterized in that: Insulation paper (4) is also inserted into the stator slot (501), and the insulation paper (4) is used to cover the portion of the conductor located in the stator slot (501) for insulation.
9. The coil winding according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The number of the stator slots (501) is m=48, the number of the I-shaped conductors (301) is 12, the number of the Litz wire conductors (303) satisfies (1 / 4 to 1 / 2)m, and the number of the Litz wire conductors (303) in the three-phase coil (3) is no more than two layers; The number of layers of the three-phase coil (3) is 6.
10. A motor, characterized in that: The coil winding according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is installed.