Tool changing mechanism

Abstract

The utility model provides a tool changing mechanism. The tool changing mechanism comprises a tool rest, a tool rest adjusting unit, a fixed machine head and a machine head adjusting unit. A plurality of machining tools can be placed on the tool rest; the tool rest adjusting unit is connected with the tool rest and used for adjusting the position of the tool rest. The fixed machine head is used for installing a machining tool. The machine head adjusting unit is connected with the fixed machine head and is used for adjusting the position of the fixed machine head; wherein the positions of the tool arrangement frame and the fixed machine head are adjusted, and when the axis of the machining tool on the tool arrangement frame is collinear with the axis of the fixed machine head, tool changing operation is completed. According to the tool changing mechanism, tool changing is achieved by adjusting the positions of the tool arrangement frame and the fixed machine head, a traditional cutter disc type structure does not need to be adopted, and the machining tools on the tool arrangement frame can be driven to the position away from the machining area through the tool rest adjusting unit in the non-tool-changing state; the risk that idle cutters protrude out of the periphery of the cutter head and collide with a workpiece, a clamp or a machine tool part is avoided, and the safety of the machining process is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and more particularly relates to a tool changing mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of mechanical processing, the tool changing mechanism as a key component of a numerical control machine tool and the like directly affects the processing efficiency and workpiece quality.

[0003] The tool changing mechanism in the prior art usually adopts a tool disc structure, a plurality of tools are installed on the tool disc, and the required tool is switched to a working position by rotating the tool disc during tool changing. However, this structure has obvious defects in actual application:

[0004] When the tool disc is rotated to a specific angle, part of the tools that are not needed temporarily will protrude from the outer periphery of the tool disc. In the case that the processing space is limited or the workpiece shape is complex, these idle tools are prone to collide with the workpiece surface, clamps or other parts of the machine tool, which not only may scratch the workpiece and affect the processing precision, but also may damage the tools and equipment, increase the production cost and maintenance time. In addition, the more tools on the tool disc, the greater the risk of interference between the idle tools and the workpiece, which to some extent limits the tool capacity of the tool disc, and it is difficult to meet the needs of multi-process machining of complex parts. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The purpose of the embodiment of the application is to provide a tool changing mechanism to solve the technical problem that idle tools on the tool disc are prone to interfere with the workpiece in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is to provide a tool changing mechanism, which comprises a tool rack, a tool holder adjusting unit, a fixed machine head and a machine head adjusting unit; a plurality of machining tools can be placed on the tool rack; the tool holder adjusting unit is connected with the tool rack, and the tool holder adjusting unit is used to adjust the position of the tool rack; the fixed machine head is used to install machining tools; the machine head adjusting unit is connected with the fixed machine head, and the machine head adjusting unit is used to adjust the position of the fixed machine head; wherein the positions of the tool rack and the fixed machine head are adjusted, and when the axis of the machining tool on the tool rack is collinear with the axis of the fixed machine head, the tool changing operation is completed.

[0007] Further, the tool holder adjusting unit comprises a first machine seat, a sliding seat, a lifting driving piece and a lifting plate; the sliding seat is in sliding connection with the first machine seat; the sliding seat can move along the X direction; the lifting driving piece is installed on the sliding seat; the lifting plate is installed on the lifting driving piece, and the lifting driving piece can drive the lifting plate to move along the Z direction; the tool rack is in sliding connection with the lifting plate, and the tool rack can move along the Y direction.

[0008] Further, the row cutter holder is provided with a cutter claw, and the machining cutter is provided with a limiting groove, the cutter claw is connected with the limiting groove, so as to limit the movement of the machining cutter along the X direction and the Y direction.

[0009] Further, the row cutter holder is provided with a cutter claw, and the machining cutter is provided with a limiting groove, the cutter claw is connected with the limiting groove, so as to limit the movement of the machining cutter along the X direction and the Y direction.

[0010] Further, the lifting plate is provided with a guide column, and the sliding seat is provided with a guide sleeve, the guide sleeve and the guide column are in sliding connection;

[0011] The first machine base is provided with a first cutter holder sliding rail, and the sliding seat is provided with a first cutter holder sliding block, the first cutter holder sliding block is in sliding connection with the first cutter holder sliding rail;

[0012] The lifting plate is provided with a second cutter holder sliding rail, and the row cutter holder is provided with a second cutter holder sliding block, the second cutter holder sliding block is in sliding connection with the second cutter holder sliding rail.

[0013] Further, the cutter holder adjusting unit further comprises a first telescopic protective cover, the first telescopic protective cover covers the first cutter holder sliding rail; one end of the first telescopic protective cover is connected with the first machine base, and the other end of the first telescopic protective cover is connected with the sliding seat;

[0014] The cutter holder adjusting unit further comprises a second telescopic protective cover, one end of the second telescopic protective cover is connected with the lifting plate, and the other end of the second telescopic protective cover is connected with the sliding seat; the lifting driving part, the guide sleeve and the guide column are located in the second telescopic protective cover;

[0015] The cutter holder adjusting unit further comprises a third telescopic protective cover, the third telescopic protective cover covers the second cutter holder sliding rail; one end of the third telescopic protective cover is connected with the row cutter holder, and the other end of the third telescopic protective cover is connected with the lifting plate.

[0016] Further, the cutter holder adjusting unit further comprises a first cutter holder translation driving part, the first cutter holder translation driving part is installed on the first machine base, and a driving end of the first cutter holder translation driving part is connected with the sliding seat.

[0017] The cutter holder adjusting unit further comprises a second cutter holder translation driving part, the second cutter holder translation driving part is installed on the lifting plate, and a driving end of the second cutter holder translation driving part is connected with the row cutter holder.

[0018] Further, the head adjusting unit comprises a second base, a first head sliding member, a second head sliding member and a third head sliding member; the first head sliding member is in sliding connection with the second base and can move along the X direction; the second head sliding member is in sliding connection with the first head sliding member and can move along the Y direction; the third head sliding member is in sliding connection with the second head sliding member and can move along the Z direction; the fixed head is mounted on the third head sliding member.

[0019] Further, the second base is provided with a first head sliding rail, and the first head sliding member is provided with a first head sliding block in sliding connection with the first head sliding rail;

[0020] The first head sliding member is provided with a second head sliding rail, and the second head sliding member is provided with a second head sliding block in sliding connection with the second head sliding rail;

[0021] The second head sliding member is provided with a third head sliding rail, and the third head sliding member is provided with a third head sliding block in sliding connection with the third head sliding rail.

[0022] Further, the head adjusting unit further comprises a first rotary driving member, a first lead screw and a first nut; the first rotary driving member is mounted on the second base, the first lead screw is in driving connection with the first rotary driving member, the first lead screw is in threaded transmission connection with the first nut, and the first nut is mounted on the first head sliding member;

[0023] The head adjusting unit further comprises a second rotary driving member, a second lead screw and a second nut; the second rotary driving member is mounted on the first head sliding member, the second lead screw is in driving connection with the second rotary driving member, the second lead screw is in threaded transmission connection with the second nut, and the second nut is mounted on the second head sliding member;

[0024] The head adjusting unit further comprises a third rotary driving member, a third lead screw and a third nut; the third rotary driving member is mounted on the second head sliding member, the third lead screw is in driving connection with the third rotary driving member, the third lead screw is in threaded transmission connection with the third nut, and the third nut is mounted on the third head sliding member.

[0025] The tool changing mechanism provided by the application has the beneficial effects that, compared with the prior art, the tool changing mechanism of the application realizes tool changing through position adjustment of the tool arranging frame and the fixed machine head, does not need to adopt the traditional tool disc structure, and the machining tool on the tool arranging frame can be driven to a position far away from the machining area by the tool holder adjusting unit in a non-tool changing state, thereby avoiding the risk of idle tools protruding from the outer periphery of the tool disc and colliding with the workpiece, the clamp or the machine tool components, effectively improving the safety of the machining process. Meanwhile, through linkage control of the tool holder adjusting unit and the machine head adjusting unit, automation and high-precision positioning of the tool changing process are realized, the tool changing time is significantly shortened, and the operation complexity is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the tool changing mechanism provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure.

[0028] Figure 2 The assembly schematic diagram of the tool arranging frame and the tool holder adjusting unit in the tool changing mechanism provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure.

[0029] Figure 3 The assembly schematic diagram of the tool arranging frame and the lifting plate in the tool changing mechanism provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure.

[0030] Figure 4 The assembly schematic diagram of the fixed machine head and the machine head adjusting unit in the tool changing mechanism provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure.

[0031] Figure 5 The local schematic diagram of the machine head adjusting unit in the tool changing mechanism provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure. Figure 1

[0032] Figure 6 The local schematic diagram of the machine head adjusting unit in the tool changing mechanism provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure. Figure 2

[0033] Figure 7 The local schematic diagram of the machine head adjusting unit in the tool changing mechanism provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure. Figure 3

[0034] In the figure, various reference signs are as follows:

[0035] 100-tool arranging frame; 101-machining tool; 102-tool claw; 103-tool clamping block; ​​​

[0036] 200 - tool rest adjusting unit; 201 - first base; 202 - sliding seat; 203 - lifting driving member; 204 - lifting plate; 205 - guide column; 206 - guide sleeve; 207 - first tool rest sliding block; 208 - first tool rest sliding rail; 209 - second tool rest sliding block; 210 - second tool rest sliding rail; 211 - first telescopic protective cover; 212 - second telescopic protective cover; 213 - third telescopic protective cover; 214 - first tool rest translation driving member; 215 - second tool rest translation driving member;

[0037] 300 - fixed head;

[0038] 400 - head adjusting unit; 401 - first head sliding member; 402 - second head sliding member; 403 - third head sliding member; 404 - first head sliding block; 405 - first head sliding rail; 406 - second head sliding block; 407 - second head sliding rail; 408 - third head sliding block; 409 - third head sliding rail; 410 - first rotation driving member; 411 - first screw rod; 412 - first nut; 413 - second rotation driving member; 414 - second screw rod; 415 - second nut; 416 - third rotation driving member; 417 - third screw rod; 418 - third nut;

[0039] 500 - second base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the technical problems to be solved, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not intended to limit the present application.

[0041] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0042] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0043] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and do not connote or imply relative importance or an ordering between the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the tool changing mechanism provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described. The tool changing mechanism comprises a tool rack 100, a tool holder adjusting unit 200, a fixed head 300 and a head adjusting unit 400; the tool rack 100 can place a plurality of machining tools 101; the tool holder adjusting unit 200 is connected with the tool rack 100, and the tool holder adjusting unit 200 is used for adjusting the position of the tool rack 100; the fixed head 300 is used for mounting the machining tools 101; the head adjusting unit 400 is connected with the fixed head 300, and the head adjusting unit 400 is used for adjusting the position of the fixed head 300; wherein, the positions of the tool rack 100 and the fixed head 300 are adjusted, and when the axis of the machining tool 101 on the tool rack 100 is collinear with the axis of the fixed head 300, the tool changing operation is completed.

[0045] The tool changing mechanism provided by the embodiments of the present application, compared with the prior art, the tool changing mechanism of the present application realizes tool changing through the position adjustment of the tool rack 100 and the fixed head 300, without using the traditional tool disc structure, and the machining tools 101 on the tool rack 100 can be driven to a position away from the machining area by the tool holder adjusting unit 200 in the non-tool changing state, avoiding the risk of idle tools protruding from the outer periphery of the tool disc and colliding with the workpiece, clamp or machine tool parts, effectively improving the safety of the machining process. At the same time, through the linkage control of the tool holder adjusting unit 200 and the head adjusting unit 400, the automation and high-precision positioning of the tool changing process are realized, significantly shortening the tool changing time and reducing the operation complexity.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the tool holder adjusting unit 200 comprises a first machine base 201, a sliding seat 202, a lifting driving member 203 and a lifting plate 204; the sliding seat 202 is slidingly connected with the first machine base 201; the sliding seat 202 can move along the X direction; the lifting driving member 203 is installed on the sliding seat 202; the lifting plate 204 is installed on the lifting driving member 203, and the lifting driving member 203 can drive the lifting plate 204 to move along the Z direction; the tool rack 100 is slidingly connected with the lifting plate 204, and the tool rack 100 can move along the Y direction.

[0047] In the embodiment, the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other, forming a three-dimensional coordinate system. Through the translation of the sliding seat 202 along the X direction, the lifting of the lifting plate 204 along the Z direction and the sliding of the row cutter holder 100 along the Y direction, the flexible position adjustment of the row cutter holder 100 in the three-dimensional space is realized.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 3 , the row cutter holder 100 is provided with a cutter jaw 102, and the machining tool 101 is provided with a limiting groove. The cutter jaw 102 is clamped in the limiting groove to limit the movement of the machining tool 101 along the X direction and the Y direction.

[0049] In the embodiment, the clamping and matching structure of the cutter jaw 102 and the limiting groove is simple and reliable in connection, and can effectively constrain the movement of the machining tool 101 in the horizontal plane. When the row cutter holder 100 is driven by the cutter holder adjusting unit 200 to adjust the position in the three-dimensional space, the stable connection of the cutter jaw 102 and the limiting groove can ensure that the machining tool 101 moves synchronously with the row cutter holder 100, avoiding the influence of tool loosening or displacement on tool changing accuracy and machining stability.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 3 , the row cutter holder 100 is further provided with a cutter clamping block 103. The cutter clamping block 103 is used to support the machining tool 101 to limit the movement of the machining tool 101 along the Y direction.

[0051] In the embodiment, the setting of the cutter clamping block 103 further enhances the limiting effect on the machining tool 101. When the machining tool 101 is installed on the row cutter holder 100, the cutter clamping block 103 stably supports it from below, and cooperates with the clamping and matching of the cutter jaw 102 to effectively prevent the machining tool 101 from moving in the Y direction.

[0052] It can be understood that the cutter jaw 102 and the cutter clamping block 103 form a support assembly. Multiple support assemblies can be provided, and the multiple support assemblies are arranged at intervals along the Y direction on the row cutter holder 100. One machining tool 101 can be placed on one support assembly. The layout design of the multiple support assemblies can meet the demand of simultaneously accommodating multiple machining tools 101 of different types on the row cutter holder 100, and provides a structural basis for the quick tool changing function of the tool changing mechanism. The support assemblies work independently of each other, and when a machining tool 101 is installed or replaced, it will not interfere with the tools on other support assemblies, ensuring the independence and operation convenience of the tool changing process.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 2 , the lifting plate 204 is provided with a guide column 205, and the sliding seat 202 is provided with a guide sleeve 206. The guide sleeve 206 and the guide column 205 are in sliding connection.

[0054] In this embodiment, the sliding fit of the guide column 205 and the guide sleeve 206 provides precise guiding for the lifting movement of the lifting plate 204. When the lifting plate 204 moves up and down under the driving of the driving mechanism, the guide column 205 can smoothly slide along the inner wall of the guide sleeve 206, effectively avoiding the lateral deviation or shaking of the lifting plate 204 during the movement, thereby ensuring that the tool changing component connected with the lifting plate 204 can always remain on the preset movement track. The design of this guiding structure not only improves the stability and accuracy of the lifting movement, but also helps to reduce the frictional resistance during the movement, reduce the wear between parts, and prolong the overall service life of the tool changing mechanism.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 2 , the first tool holder sliding rail 208 is arranged on the first base 201, and the first tool holder sliding block 207 is arranged on the sliding seat 202, and the first tool holder sliding block 207 is in sliding connection with the first tool holder sliding rail 208.

[0056] In this embodiment, the sliding fit of the first tool holder sliding rail 208 and the first tool holder sliding block 207 provides stable track support for the movement of the sliding seat 202 along the X direction on the first base 201. When the sliding seat 202 slides along the first tool holder sliding rail 208 under the action of the corresponding driving component, the first tool holder sliding block 207 can smoothly move along the surface of the sliding rail, effectively limiting the possible up-and-down bouncing or left-and-right yawing of the sliding seat 202 during the movement, ensuring the movement accuracy of the sliding seat 202 along the X direction.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the second tool holder sliding rail 210 is arranged on the lifting plate 204, and the second tool holder sliding block 209 is arranged on the tool holder row 100, and the second tool holder sliding block 209 is in sliding connection with the second tool holder sliding rail 210.

[0058] In this embodiment, the sliding fit of the second tool holder sliding rail 210 and the second tool holder sliding block 209 provides reliable guiding for the movement of the tool holder row 100 along the Y direction on the lifting plate 204. When the tool holder row 100 slides along the second tool holder sliding rail 210 under the driving of the driving device, the second tool holder sliding block 209 can stably move by closely adhering to the guiding surface of the sliding rail, which effectively prevents the tool holder row 100 from tilting forward and backward or deviating laterally during the movement, thereby ensuring the movement accuracy of the tool holder row 100 along the Y direction, making the alignment of the tool holder row 100 and the tool to be changed more accurate during the tool changing process, and further improving the overall operation stability and work efficiency of the tool changing mechanism.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 2The tool rest adjusting unit 200 further comprises a first telescopic protective cover 211, which is arranged above the first tool rest slide rail 208. One end of the first telescopic protective cover 211 is connected with the first base 201, and the other end of the first telescopic protective cover 211 is connected with the sliding seat 202.

[0060] In this embodiment, the first telescopic protective cover 211 can synchronously telescope with the movement of the sliding seat 202. When the sliding seat 202 slides along the first tool rest slide rail 208, the protective cover always covers the exposed part of the slide rail through telescopic deformation, effectively preventing impurities such as iron filings, cooling liquid and dust in the air generated during machining from entering the gap between the slide rail and the sliding block. This protective design avoids the wear of the slide rail surface and the hindering of the sliding block movement caused by impurities, reduces mechanical failures caused by foreign matter jamming, significantly prolongs the service life of the first tool rest slide rail 208 and the first tool rest sliding block 207, and reduces the maintenance frequency and cost of the equipment, ensuring that the tool changing mechanism maintains stable guiding precision and movement performance in long-term continuous operation.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 2 The tool rest adjusting unit 200 further comprises a second telescopic protective cover 212, one end of which is connected with the lifting plate 204, and the other end of which is connected with the sliding seat 202. The lifting driving member 203, the guide sleeve 206 and the guide column 205 are all located in the second telescopic protective cover 212.

[0062] In this embodiment, the second telescopic protective cover 212 can synchronously perform telescopic action during the lifting of the lifting plate 204 along the guide column 205, and completely wraps the lifting driving member 203, the guide sleeve 206 and the guide column 205, forming a closed protective space. In this way, impurities such as iron filings, cooling liquid and dust in the machining environment cannot contact the outer surface of the guide column 205 and the inner wall of the guide sleeve 206, avoiding the decline of the fitting precision between the guide column 205 and the guide sleeve 206 caused by impurity adhesion, and preventing problems such as jamming and abnormal noise caused by impurity wear. This protective structure not only guarantees the long-term stable guiding performance of the guide column 205 and the guide sleeve 206, prolongs the service life thereof, but also reduces the adverse effects on the lifting driving member 203, ensures that the lifting driving member 203 can continuously and stably output driving force, and further improves the smoothness and reliability of the movement of the tool rest adjusting unit 200 in the vertical direction, reducing the failure rate and maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 2The tool rest adjusting unit 200 further comprises a third telescopic protective cover 213, which is arranged above the second tool rest sliding rail 210. One end of the third telescopic protective cover 213 is connected with the tool rest row 100, and the other end of the third telescopic protective cover 213 is connected with the lifting plate 204.

[0064] In this embodiment, the third telescopic protective cover 213 can be synchronously telescoped along with the horizontal sliding of the tool rest row 100 along the second tool rest sliding rail 210. The third telescopic protective cover 213 covers above and on both sides of the second tool rest sliding rail 210, and forms a protective barrier for the second tool rest sliding rail 210. The iron filings, splashed cooling liquid, dust and other sundries in the environment generated during the machining process cannot directly fall on the track surface of the second tool rest sliding rail 210 or enter the sliding groove inside the sliding rail under the blockage of the protective cover. This effectively avoids the situation that the sliding rail track is scratched by impurities and the sliding groove is blocked, ensures that the sliding cooperation between the tool rest row 100 and the second tool rest sliding rail 210 always maintains a good state, and reduces the problems of increased sliding resistance and reduced positioning accuracy caused by the intervention of impurities.

[0065] In an embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 2 The tool rest adjusting unit 200 further comprises a first tool rest translation driving member 214, which is installed on the first machine base 201. The driving end of the first tool rest translation driving member 214 is connected with the sliding seat 202.

[0066] In this embodiment, the first tool rest translation driving member 214 serves as the power source for the horizontal movement of the tool rest row 100, and can accurately output driving force to drive the sliding seat 202 to move stably along the first tool rest sliding rail 208. Specifically, the first tool rest translation driving member 214 can adopt a linear driving element such as a pneumatic cylinder, an oil cylinder or an electric push rod. The first tool rest translation driving member 214 directly transmits power to the sliding seat 202 through rigid connection with the sliding seat 202, so as to realize accurate position control of the sliding seat 202 in the X direction.

[0067] In an embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 3 The tool rest adjusting unit 200 further comprises a second tool rest translation driving member 215, which is installed on the lifting plate 204. The driving end of the second tool rest translation driving member 215 is connected with the tool rest row 100.

[0068] In this embodiment, the second tool holder translation driving member 215 is used to drive the row tool holder 100 to translate in the Y direction, which forms a stable mounting base with the lifting plate 204. Through the direct connection of the driving end and the row tool holder 100, the power can be efficiently transmitted to the row tool holder 100, realizing the accurate displacement of the row tool holder 100 in the Y direction in the horizontal plane. The driving member can also be selected from a linear driving element such as a pneumatic cylinder, an oil cylinder or an electric push rod, and its working principle is similar to that of the first tool holder translation driving member 214, but the acting direction is perpendicular to the driving direction of the first tool holder translation driving member 214. The two can cooperate to drive the row tool holder 100 to realize multi-dimensional position adjustment in the X-Y plane, further improving the adaptive ability of the tool changing mechanism to different tool positions. In actual application, the stroke and driving force of the second tool holder translation driving member 215 can be flexibly set according to the load condition and displacement accuracy requirement of the row tool holder 100, and through the cooperative control with the first tool holder translation driving member 214, the row tool holder 100 can be quickly and accurately moved to the target tool changing position, meeting the dual requirements of tool changing efficiency and positioning accuracy in the automatic machining process.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The head adjusting unit 400 includes a second base 500, a first head sliding member 401, a second head sliding member 402 and a third head sliding member 403. The first head sliding member 401 is in sliding connection with the second base 500 and can move along the X direction. The second head sliding member 402 is in sliding connection with the first head sliding member 401 and can move along the Y direction. The third head sliding member 403 is in sliding connection with the second head sliding member 402 and can move along the Z direction. The fixed head 300 is installed on the third head sliding member 403.

[0070] In this embodiment, the head adjusting unit 400 realizes flexible adjustment of the head in three-dimensional space through a multi-layer sliding connection structure. The second base 500 provides stable support for the first head sliding member 401 as the mounting base of the entire adjusting unit. The movement of the first head sliding member 401 along the X direction can drive the subsequent components to realize horizontal position adjustment. The cooperation of the second head sliding member 402 and the first head sliding member 401 converts the movement direction to the Y direction, enabling the head to perform longitudinal position compensation. The movement of the third head sliding member 403 along the Z direction realizes the adjustment of the height of the head. The three components work together to enable the fixed head 300 to accurately reach the required spatial position for machining.

[0071] In an embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6The first machine head sliding member 401 is provided with a first machine head sliding rail 405, and the first machine head sliding block 404 is arranged on the first machine head sliding member 401 and is in sliding connection with the first machine head sliding rail 405.

[0072] In the embodiment, the first machine head sliding rail 405 and the first machine head sliding block 404 cooperate with each other to provide accurate guiding function for the movement of the first machine head sliding member 401 along the X direction. The combination structure of the sliding rail and the sliding block has high rigidity and stability, can effectively reduce the shaking and deviation in the sliding process, and ensures that the first machine head sliding member 401 can still maintain good movement precision in long-term use.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The first machine head sliding member 401 is provided with a second machine head sliding rail 407, the second machine head sliding member 402 is provided with a second machine head sliding block 406, and the second machine head sliding block 406 is in sliding connection with the second machine head sliding rail 407.

[0074] In the embodiment, the second machine head sliding rail 407 cooperates with the second machine head sliding block 406 to provide accurate guiding for the movement of the second machine head sliding member 402 along the Y direction, and ensures the smoothness and stability of the second machine head sliding member 402 when moving along the Y direction.

[0075] In one embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 7 The second machine head sliding member 402 is provided with a third machine head sliding rail 409, the third machine head sliding member 403 is provided with a third machine head sliding block 408, and the third machine head sliding block 408 is in sliding connection with the third machine head sliding rail 409.

[0076] In the embodiment, the third machine head sliding rail 409 cooperates with the third machine head sliding block 408 to provide accurate guiding support for the movement of the third machine head sliding member 403 along the Z direction. The guiding structure along the Z direction further improves the positioning precision of the whole tool changing mechanism in space movement, so that the third machine head sliding member 403 can always move smoothly along the preset trajectory when driving the fixed machine head 300 to adjust the height, avoids the position deviation of the fixed machine head 300 caused by guiding deviation, and thus ensures the accurate butt joint of the fixed machine head 300 and the machining tool 101 on the tool magazine 100 in the tool changing process.

[0077] In one embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 5The head adjusting unit 400 further comprises a first rotary driving member 410, a first screw rod 411 and a first nut 412. The first rotary driving member 410 is mounted on the second machine base 500. The first screw rod 411 is connected with the first rotary driving member 410. The first screw rod 411 is in threaded transmission connection with the first nut 412. The first nut 412 is mounted on the first head sliding member 401.

[0078] In the embodiment, the first rotary driving member 410 can drive the first screw rod 411 to rotate around its own axis. Since the first nut 412 is in threaded transmission connection with the first screw rod 411 and is mounted on the first head sliding member 401, when the first screw rod 411 rotates, the first nut 412 will drive the first head sliding member 401 to move linearly along the axial direction of the first screw rod 411. Such a screw-nut transmission structure has the characteristics of high transmission accuracy and stable operation, and can provide reliable power and precise displacement control for the movement of the first head sliding member 401, thereby realizing fine adjustment of the position of the head and further meeting the high-precision requirements of the tool changing mechanism for the adjustment of the position of the head in different machining scenarios.

[0079] Specifically, the first rotary driving member 410 can be a servo motor or a stepper motor. The output shaft of the first rotary driving member 410 is fixedly connected with one end of the first screw rod 411 through a shaft coupling, so as to accurately transmit the rotary motion to the first screw rod 411. The servo motor has the characteristics of adjustable rotating speed and high positioning accuracy, and can realize accurate control of forward and reverse rotation and rotating speed according to the instructions of the control system, thereby driving the first head sliding member 401 to realize rapid and accurate position adjustment in the X direction. The stepper motor has the advantages of simple control and low cost, and is also applicable in scenarios with relatively low displacement accuracy requirements. Whether it is a servo motor or a stepper motor, it can form an efficient driving combination with the screw-nut transmission structure, provide stable driving force and precise displacement output for the first head sliding member 401, and ensure that the position control of the head adjusting unit 400 in the X direction meets the overall operation requirements of the tool changing mechanism.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present application, please refer to Figure 6 The head adjusting unit 400 further comprises a second rotary driving member 413, a second screw rod 414 and a second nut 415. The second rotary driving member 413 is mounted on the first head sliding member 401. The second screw rod 414 is connected with the second rotary driving member 413. The second screw rod 414 is in threaded transmission connection with the second nut 415. The second nut 415 is mounted on the second head sliding member 402.

[0081] In this embodiment, the second rotary drive 413 and the second screw rod 414 and the second nut 415 together constitute the driving structure of the head adjusting unit 400 in the Y direction. Similar to the driving principle in the X direction, the second rotary drive 413 can be a servo motor or a stepper motor of the same type as the first rotary drive 410, and the output shaft thereof is fixedly connected to one end of the second screw rod 414 through a shaft coupling, so as to transmit the rotary motion to the second screw rod 414, and then the rotary motion is converted into the linear motion of the second head sliding member 402 in the Y direction through the threaded connection between the second screw rod 414 and the second nut 415.

[0082] In an embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 7 , the head adjusting unit 400 further comprises a third rotary drive 416, a third screw rod 417 and a third nut 418; the third rotary drive 416 is installed on the second head sliding member 402, the third screw rod 417 is connected with the third rotary drive, the third screw rod 417 is in threaded transmission connection with the third nut 418, and the third nut 418 is installed on the third head sliding member 403.

[0083] In this embodiment, the third rotary drive 416, the third screw rod 417 and the third nut 418 constitute the driving structure of the head adjusting unit 400 in the Z direction. The driving principle is consistent with that in the X and Y directions, and the third rotary drive 416 can also be a servo motor or a stepper motor, which is installed behind the second head sliding member 402 and connected to the end of the third screw rod 417 through a shaft coupling. When the third rotary drive 416 works, it drives the third screw rod 417 to rotate, and the rotary motion is converted into the linear displacement of the third head sliding member 403 in the Z direction through the threaded transmission between the third screw rod 417 and the third nut 418, so as to realize the position adjustment of the head adjusting unit 400 in the three-dimensional space, and further improve the spatial positioning accuracy of the tool changing mechanism in the tool switching process, so as to adapt to the installation position requirements of different tools.

[0084] The tool changing process of the tool changing mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0085] Firstly, the fixed head 300 is driven by the head adjusting unit 400, and the first rotary drive 410, the second rotary drive 413 and the third rotary drive 416 respectively drive the first screw rod 411, the second screw rod 414 and the third screw rod 417 to rotate, so as to make the first head sliding member 401, the second head sliding member 402 and the third head sliding member 403 move in the X, Y and Z directions in cooperation, so as to accurately move the fixed head 300 to the initial position of the tool to be replaced.

[0086] Subsequently, the tool holder adjustment unit 200 is started, the first tool holder translation drive 214 drives the sliding seat 202 to slide along the first tool holder slide rail 208 in the X direction, while the second tool holder translation drive 215 drives the row tool holder 100 to move along the second tool holder slide rail 210 in the Y direction, in combination with the lifting drive 203 to realize the lifting plate 204 to move in the Z direction through the guide column 205 and the guide sleeve 206 structure, so that the empty tool position on the row tool holder 100 is aligned with the old tool on the fixed head 300, while the empty tool position is clamped in the limiting groove of the old tool, and the fixed head 300 is moved away from the old tool in the X direction, so that the old tool can be taken out from the fixed head 300.

[0087] Continue to adjust the position of the row tool holder 100, so that the target tool on the row tool holder 100 is accurately aligned with the tool mounting position of the fixed head 300 (the axis of the target tool and the tool mounting position coincide and are in the X direction). After the alignment is completed, the fixed head 300 is moved towards the target tool in the X direction, so that the target tool can be inserted into the fixed head 300.

[0088] Finally, the tool holder adjustment unit 200 is started again to move the row tool holder 100 to the initial position, so as to prepare for the next tool changing operation, and the whole tool changing process is completed. The tool changing process realizes the automatic changing of the tool through the cooperation of the head adjustment unit 400 and the tool holder adjustment unit 200, and the precise cooperation of the driving members and the guide structure ensures the accuracy and efficiency of the tool changing action, effectively improves the automation level and production efficiency of the machining equipment.

[0089] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and does not limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tool changer characterized by, The utility model relates to a tool magazine adjusting unit for a tool magazine, comprising: a tool magazine on which a plurality of machining tools can be placed; a tool magazine adjusting unit connected with the tool magazine, the tool magazine adjusting unit being used to adjust the position of the tool magazine; a fixed head for mounting a machining tool; a head adjusting unit connected with the fixed head, the head adjusting unit being used to adjust the position of the fixed head; wherein the position of the tool magazine and the fixed head is adjusted, and when the axis of the machining tool on the tool magazine is collinear with the axis of the fixed head, the tool changing operation is completed.

2. The tool changer according to claim 1, characterized in that The tool magazine adjusting unit comprises: a first machine base; a sliding seat in sliding connection with the first machine base, the sliding seat being movable along the X direction; a lifting drive installed on the sliding seat; a lifting plate installed on the lifting drive, the lifting drive being capable of driving the lifting plate to move along the Z direction, the tool magazine being in sliding connection with the lifting plate, the tool magazine being movable along the Y direction.

3. The tool changer according to claim 2, characterized in that The tool magazine is provided with a tool jaw, the machining tool is provided with a limiting groove, and the tool jaw is clamped in the limiting groove to limit the movement of the machining tool along the X direction and the Y direction.

4. The tool changer mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The tool magazine is further provided with a tool clamping block for supporting the machining tool to limit the movement of the machining tool along the Y direction.

5. The tool changer mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The lifting plate is provided with a guide column, the sliding seat is provided with a guide sleeve, and the guide sleeve and the guide column are in sliding connection; the first machine base is provided with a first tool magazine sliding rail, and the sliding seat is provided with a first tool magazine sliding block in sliding connection with the first tool magazine sliding rail; the lifting plate is provided with a second tool magazine sliding rail, and the tool magazine is provided with a second tool magazine sliding block in sliding connection with the second tool magazine sliding rail.

6. The tool changer according to claim 5, wherein The tool magazine adjusting unit further comprises a first telescopic protective cover covering the first tool magazine sliding rail, one end of the first telescopic protective cover being connected with the first machine base, and the other end of the first telescopic protective cover being connected with the sliding seat; the tool magazine adjusting unit further comprises a second telescopic protective cover, one end of the second telescopic protective cover being connected with the lifting plate, and the other end of the second telescopic protective cover being connected with the sliding seat, the lifting drive, the guide sleeve and the guide column being located in the second telescopic protective cover; the tool magazine adjusting unit further comprises a third telescopic protective cover covering the second tool magazine sliding rail, one end of the third telescopic protective cover being connected with the tool magazine, and the other end of the third telescopic protective cover being connected with the lifting plate.

7. The tool changer mechanism of claim 2, wherein The tool magazine adjusting unit further comprises a first tool magazine translation drive installed on the first machine base, the driving end of the first tool magazine translation drive being connected with the sliding seat; the tool magazine adjusting unit further comprises a second tool magazine translation drive installed on the lifting plate, the driving end of the second tool magazine translation drive being connected with the tool magazine.

8. The tool changer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The head adjusting unit comprises: A second base; A first head sliding member, which is in sliding connection with the second base and can move along the X direction; A second head sliding member, which is in sliding connection with the first head sliding member and can move along the Y direction; A third head sliding member, which is in sliding connection with the second head sliding member and can move along the Z direction; the fixed head is installed on the third head sliding member.

9. The tool changer according to claim 8, characterized in that The first head sliding member is provided with a first head sliding rail, and the first head sliding member is provided with a first head sliding block, which is in sliding connection with the first head sliding rail; The first head sliding member is provided with a second head sliding rail, and the second head sliding member is provided with a second head sliding block, which is in sliding connection with the second head sliding rail; The second head sliding member is provided with a third head sliding rail, and the third head sliding member is provided with a third head sliding block, which is in sliding connection with the third head sliding rail.

10. The tool changer mechanism of claim 8, wherein, The head adjusting unit further comprises a first rotary drive, a first lead screw and a first nut; the first rotary drive is installed on the second base, the first lead screw is in driving connection with the first rotary drive, the first lead screw is in threaded transmission connection with the first nut, and the first nut is installed on the first head sliding member; The head adjusting unit further comprises a second rotary drive, a second lead screw and a second nut; the second rotary drive is installed on the first head sliding member, the second lead screw is in driving connection with the second rotary drive, the second lead screw is in threaded transmission connection with the second nut, and the second nut is installed on the second head sliding member; The head adjusting unit further comprises a third rotary drive, a third lead screw and a third nut; the third rotary drive is installed on the second head sliding member, the third lead screw is in driving connection with the third rotary drive, the third lead screw is in threaded transmission connection with the third nut, and the third nut is installed on the third head sliding member.

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