Hybrid solid-state switching device
By using a hybrid solid-state switching device that combines mechanical and electronic components, the problems of long operating time and easy arcing of existing low-voltage circuit breakers in DC systems have been solved, achieving rapid arc-free breaking and cost reduction, thus improving the performance of the circuit breaker.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422770785.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing low-voltage circuit breakers in DC systems have problems such as long operating time, easy arcing, short contact life, and long breaking time. They cannot achieve fast arc-free breaking. In addition, pure solid-state circuit breakers are expensive and have high conduction losses, making them difficult to be widely used.
A hybrid solid-state switching device is used, combining the mechanical part and the electronic part, utilizing a combination of high-speed mechanical switches and power electronic devices. The power electronic devices intervene to perform arc breaking during mechanical opening, forming a hybrid solid-state DC molded case circuit breaker.
It realizes fast arc-free breaking of the circuit breaker, reduces loss and cost, and improves the overall performance of the circuit breaker.
Smart Images
Figure CN223462726U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of low-voltage electrical apparatus, in particular to a hybrid solid-state switching device. BACKGROUND
[0002] In a direct current power system network, since the line direct current impedance is usually small, when a short circuit fault occurs in the system, a very large short circuit current will be generated in the line instantaneously, and if the line resistance is not cut off in time, the short circuit current will continue to rise, which can easily cause the system equipment to fail due to rapid discharge, resulting in a decrease in bus voltage and even damage to the equipment.
[0003] The existing low-voltage circuit breaker products mainly use mechanical direct current circuit breakers for breaking and protection when applied in a direct current system, which often requires multi-pole series connection or amplification of the arc extinguishing system to achieve product performance. The performance requirements of the product are getting higher and higher, and the traditional product has been unable to meet the higher performance requirements, and due to the inherent characteristics of the mechanical circuit breaker, such as long action time, easy arc, short contact life, and breaking time in the order of 10 ms, it cannot achieve fast arcless breaking in a more demanding scenario, so the solid-state circuit breaker using power electronic devices that do not have the above problems is applied.
[0004] Currently, more and more low-voltage electrical apparatus manufacturers are researching solid-state circuit breakers, and some pure solid-state circuit breaker products have appeared. However, due to high cost, high on-state loss, and serious heat generation, they have not been widely applied, and only some small current products (below 80A) can be put into formal application. Therefore, the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker that combines the advantages of traditional mechanical circuit breakers and solid-state circuit breakers has become the object of research. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The present application aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a hybrid solid-state switching device that can greatly improve the performance of the circuit breaker and has low loss and low cost.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solutions adopted by the embodiments of the present application are as follows:
[0007] In one aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a hybrid solid-state switching device is provided, which includes a disconnector and two groups of hybrid switches, the hybrid switches including MOV branches, FMS branches, IGBT branches and RC branches arranged in parallel; the two groups of hybrid switches are connected in series through a load, and the disconnector and one of the hybrid switches are connected in series, or the disconnector is connected in series on the IGBT branch of one of the hybrid switches.
[0008] The power module, the pre-charging module, the control module and the preset interface are connected with the body.
[0009] Optionally, the shell accommodating the body is further included, and the control module includes a key plate, a face plate and a main control board, the key plate and the face plate being arranged side by side on a face cover of the shell.
[0010] Optionally, the control module is arranged above the body along a first direction, and the main control board is located below the face plate along the first direction.
[0011] Alternatively, the control module is arranged on one side of the body along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the main control board is located on the side of the face plate close to the body along the second direction.
[0012] Optionally, the disconnector is connected in series on an IGBT branch of one of the hybrid switches, and the pre-charging module is connected in parallel on the hybrid switch; or the disconnector and one of the hybrid switches are connected in series, and the pre-charging module is connected in parallel on the hybrid switch.
[0013] Optionally, the pre-charging module is built-in in the shell and located on one side of the body, or the pre-charging module is spliced outside the shell.
[0014] Optionally, the power module and the pre-charging module are arranged side by side outside the shell and located on one side of the body.
[0015] Optionally, the disconnector is connected in series on an IGBT branch of one of the hybrid switches, the power module is built-in in the shell, the power module includes a first power module and a second power module, the body forms a T-shaped layout, and the first power module and the second power module are oppositely arranged at two corners of the body along the second direction to form a rectangular layout with the body.
[0016] Optionally, the disconnector and one of the hybrid switches are connected in series, the body forms a rectangular layout, the power module is built-in in the shell, the power module includes a first power module and a second power module, and the first power module and the second power module are arranged above the body along the first direction and located on two sides of the main control board along the second direction.
[0017] Optionally, two groups of the hybrid switches are oppositely arranged along a third direction, and a heat dissipation channel is formed between the two groups of the hybrid switches.
[0018] Optionally, the body and the control module are communicatively connected through the preset interface.
[0019] The interface type of the preset interface includes any one of a threaded connection, a bayonet connection, a lock connection, a push-pull connection, and a plug-in connection.
[0020] Optionally, the preset interface includes at least 2 pins of the circuit power supply voltage and the wire ground terminal; or includes a multiple-to-one check switch to achieve time-division multiplexing of the preset interface to transmit multiple status information.
[0021] Optionally, the preset interface is provided on the cover, and the preset interface is led out through the power module or through the main control board.
[0022] The beneficial effects of this application include:
[0023] The present application provides a hybrid solid-state switching device, which is composed of a mechanical part and an electronic part. The mechanical part adopts a high-speed mechanical switch (FMS) to form a mechanical branch. The electronic part mainly adopts a main control board and a power device module. The power device module includes an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) branch, an RC (resistor capacitor) branch, and an MOV (varistor) branch. The electronic part and the mechanical part are placed in the outer shell as a whole. Through electronic component detection, it intervenes in advance when the mechanical part is disconnected, and the power electronic device carries the arc breaking energy, which can effectively play an arc extinguishing role. By combining power electronic devices and mechanical structures, a hybrid solid-state DC molded case circuit breaker is realized, which greatly improves the performance of the circuit breaker. Compared with pure solid-state circuit breakers, the device of the present application has low loss, which can effectively reduce costs and improve the overall performance of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the appearance of a hybrid solid-state switch device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0026] Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a first embodiment of a hybrid solid-state switch device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0027] Figure 3 This is a second structural diagram of the first embodiment of a hybrid solid-state switch device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0028] Figure 4Structure diagram of a third embodiment of the hybrid solid-state switch device provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0029] Figure 5 Circuit principle diagram of the first and second embodiments of the hybrid solid-state switch device provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0030] Figure 6 Layout diagram of the first embodiment of the hybrid solid-state switch device provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0031] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the second embodiment of the hybrid solid-state switch device provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0032] Figure 8 Layout diagram of the second embodiment of the hybrid solid-state switch device provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0033] Figure 9 Layout diagram of the third embodiment of the hybrid solid-state switch device provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0034] Figure 10 Layout diagram of the fourth embodiment of the hybrid solid-state switch device provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0035] Figure 11 Layout diagram of the fifth embodiment of the hybrid solid-state switch device provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0036] Figure 12 Circuit principle diagram of the sixth embodiment of the hybrid solid-state switch device provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0037] Figure 13 Structure diagram of the sixth embodiment of the hybrid solid-state switch device provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0038] Figure 14 Layout diagram of the sixth embodiment of the hybrid solid-state switch device provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0039] Figure 15 Structure diagram of the sixth embodiment of the hybrid solid-state switch device provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0040] Figure 16 Structure diagram of the sixth embodiment of the hybrid solid-state switch device provided by the embodiments of the present application.
[0041] Icon: 10 - housing; 10A - body; 10a - face cover; 11 - disconnector; 12 - hybrid switch; 121 - MOV; 122 - FMS; 122a - FMS drive board; 123 - IGBT; 124 - RC; 13 - pre-charge module; 141 - key board; 142 - panel; 143 - main control board; 15 - power module; 151 - first power module; 152 - second power module; 16 - heat dissipation channel; 17 - preset interface; 20 - load; F1 - first direction; F2 - second direction; F3 - third direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0042] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0043] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that the various features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict, and the combined embodiments are still within the protection scope of the present application.
[0044] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.
[0045] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product of the present application is usually placed, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used for differentiation in description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0046] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components must be absolutely horizontal or vertical, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is relatively more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.
[0047] In the description of the present application, it also needs to be explained that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connect" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0048] In one aspect of the embodiments of the present application, referring to Figures 1-4 , a hybrid solid-state switching device (hereinafter referred to as device) is provided, which includes a body 10A, the body 10A including a disconnecting switch 11 and two groups of hybrid switches 12, the hybrid switch 12 including an MOV 121 branch, an FMS 122 branch, an IGBT 123 branch and an RC 124 branch arranged in parallel; the two groups of hybrid switches 12 are connected in series through a load 20, the disconnecting switch 11 and one of the two groups of hybrid switches 12 are connected in series, or the disconnecting switch 11 is connected in series on the IGBT 123 branch of one of the two groups of hybrid switches 12.
[0049] It also includes a power module 15, a pre-charging module 13 (not shown in the figure), a control module and a preset interface 17 connected with the body 10A. Figures 2-4 The control module is connected with the power module 15, the pre-charging module 13 and the preset interface 17 respectively.
[0050] As shown in Figure 1 , the device has a shell 10, the body 10A and the control module are accommodated in the shell 10; the power module 15 and the pre-charging module 13 can be built-in integrated in the shell 10, or can be externally provided outside the shell 10; the preset interface 17 is generally provided on the face cover 10a of the shell 10.
[0051] The control module includes a key plate 141, a panel 142 and a main control board 143, the key plate 141 and the panel 142 are arranged side by side on the face cover 10a of the shell 10, and the main control board 143 is located on the side of the panel 142 facing the body 10A.
[0052] The key plate 141 can be operated by keys such as on-off keys, the panel 142 can be used for touch screen operation or display, and the main control board 143 is used for each module of the electric control device.
[0053] The device of the present application is spliced by a mechanical part and an electronic part. The mechanical part adopts a high-speed mechanical switch (FMS 122) driven by discharging a capacitor to a coil to drive a repulsion disc, and combines with an FMS drive control board 122a to form a mechanical branch. The electronic part mainly includes a main control board 143 and a power device module, the power device module includes an IGBT 123 (insulated gate bipolar transistor) branch, an RC 124 (resistor capacitor) branch, and an MOV 121 (voltage-dependent resistor) branch. The electronic part and the mechanical part are integrally placed in the shell 10.
[0054] The device of the present application can effectively play an arc extinguishing role by detecting through electronic components, intervening in advance when the mechanical part is tripped, and bearing arc breaking energy by power electronic devices. By using power electronic devices and mechanical structures in combination, a hybrid solid-state DC molded case circuit breaker is realized, which greatly improves the performance of the circuit breaker. Compared with a pure solid-state circuit breaker, the device of the present application has low loss and can effectively reduce cost and improve the overall performance of the device.
[0055] Referring to Figure 5 , the MOV 121 branch, the FMS 122 branch, the IGBT 123 branch, and the RC 124 branch are connected in parallel to form a hybrid switch 12. The hybrid switch 12 has two groups, and the two groups of hybrid switches 12 are connected in series through a load 20. As shown in Figure 3 , the two groups of hybrid switches 12 are oppositely arranged along a third direction F3, and a heat dissipation channel 16 is formed between the two groups of hybrid switches 12 to facilitate heat dissipation of the device. The first direction F1, the second direction F2, and the third direction F3 are perpendicular to each other. The disconnector 11 can be connected in series on the IGBT 123 branch of any one of the two groups of hybrid switches 12.
[0056] The above-mentioned modules can also be adjusted in arrangement position to form different layout structures to adapt to different scene requirements.
[0057] Figures 2-4 A structural view of the disconnector 11 connected in series on the IGBT 123 branch of any one of the two groups of hybrid switches 12 is shown in Figure 6 , a layout schematic view of Figure 4 , and a layout schematic view of Figure 6 , a layout schematic view of Figure 4 , and a layout schematic view of , a layout schematic view of
[0058] For the pre-charging module 13, as shown in Figure 5 , Figure 12 , it is connected in parallel to the hybrid switch 12.
[0059] Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the embodiment, the pre-filling modules 13 are all spliced outside the shell 10. In other embodiments, the pre-filling modules 13 can also be built into the shell 10 and are also arranged on one side of the main body 10A; for example, when the pre-filling module 13 is in the shell 10, it can be placed above the main body 10A to form a top hanging, or located on the left, right or bottom of the main body 10A to form a side hanging, and the specific setting can be based on needs.
[0060] The main body 10A is the main structure that needs to be turned on when the device is working normally, and the pre-charge module 13 is a transition auxiliary structure that is pre-turned on before the main body 10A is turned on, so as to avoid sparks or damage to the main body 10A caused by sudden turning on of the main body 10A.
[0061] Furthermore, the pre-charging module 13 may generally include a connected pre-charging station and a relay, or the pre-charging module 13 may include a connected power device modulator and an inductor, which may be selected according to specific needs.
[0062] Figure 6 The main body 10A is arranged in a T-shape. The power module 15 includes a first power module 151 and a second power module 152. The first power module 151 can be a low-voltage power supply, and the second power module 152 can be a high-voltage power supply. For example, there are two low-voltage power supplies, a 5V power supply and a 48V power supply, which are arranged side by side in the lower left corner of the main body 10A. The high-voltage power supply is arranged in the lower right corner of the main body 10A. In this way, the first power module 151 and the second power module 152 are arranged in opposite directions F2 at the two corners of the main body 10A, thereby compensating for the space left by the T-shaped main body 10A and forming a regular rectangular layout with the main body 10A, making rational use of space.
[0063] exist Figure 6 On the basis of the above, the layout of the main body 10A can be reversed to form Figure 7 、 Figure 8 In this layout, the first power module 151 and the second power module 152 are positioned opposite each other in the upper left and upper right corners of the body 10A along the second direction F2. Alternatively, the first power module 151 and the second power module 152 can fill the vacant area of the T-shaped body 10A, forming an overall rectangular layout. In this case, the FMS 122 branch is inverted and located in the middle layer, shifting the heat source from the bottom mounting surface to the middle layer, thereby meeting the temperature rise requirements of the bottom mounting surface.
[0064] In addition, in other embodiments, the power module 15 can also be mounted outside the housing 10, for example Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the body 10A forms a rectangular layout, the power supply module 15 and the pre-charging module 13 are arranged side by side on one side of the body 10A along the second direction F2, that is, the power supply module 15 and the pre-charging module 13 are arranged as external backpacks on the shell 10.
[0065] In the above embodiments, the power supply module 15 is integrated in a black box and is built-in or external to the shell. In addition, the power supply module 15 can also be scattered and built-in in each module that needs to be powered, and is connected through a cable.
[0066] As for the power supply of the power supply module 15, it can be self-powered, externally powered, or integrated into the system power supply as needed.
[0067] The above control modules are located above the body 10A. In other embodiments, the control modules can also be located on one side of the body 10A; for example, Figure 11 In the above embodiment, the control module is arranged on one side of the body 10A along the second direction F2 perpendicular to the first direction F1, and the main control board 143 is arranged on the side of the panel 142 close to the body 10A along the second direction F2.
[0068] In the above embodiments, the disconnector 11 is connected in series with the IGBT 123 branch of any one of the hybrid switches 12, and such an arrangement makes the overall structure small in size.
[0069] Referring to Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, the disconnector 11 can also be connected in series with the main circuit and the hybrid switch 12; for example, Figure 5 , Figure 12 As shown, the positive and negative breakers together form a disconnector 11. Figure 14 To Figure 13 form a layout diagram, the body 10A forms a rectangular layout, the first power supply module 151 and the second power supply module 152 are arranged above the body 10A along the first direction F1 and are arranged on both sides of the main control board 143 along the second direction F2, and the disconnector 11 is connected in series with the main circuit on one side, for example, Figure 15 .
[0070] The two groups of hybrid switches 12 are arranged opposite to each other, and one group of hybrid switches 12 is rotated by 180 degrees along the first direction F1 and is located on the opposite side of the other group of hybrid switches 12 along the third direction F3, for example, Figure 16 As shown, the MOV 121 branch and the RC 124 branch are located in the heat dissipation channels 16 of the two groups of hybrid switches 12.
[0071] As for the preset interface 17, it is generally arranged on the face cover 10a of the shell 10, and the preset interface 17 can be led out through the power supply module 15 or the main control board 143.
[0072] Generally, the preset interface 17 includes at least 2Pin of VCC (circuit supply voltage) and GND (ground of the electric wire) according to different scene requirements, and further can contain a plurality of one-to-many check switches to realize time-sharing multiplexing transmission of multiple state information and save the number of the preset interface 17.
[0073] In addition, the body 10A and the control module are further connected in communication through a preset interface 17. The interface type of the preset interface 17 can include any one of the following: threaded connection, bayonet (quick) connection, clamping connection, push-pull type connection, straight insertion type connection, etc.
[0074] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A hybrid solid state switching device, characterized by, The body (10A) includes a disconnecting switch (11) and two groups of hybrid switches (12), the hybrid switch (12) includes MOV (121) branch, FMS (122) branch, IGBT (123) branch and RC (124) branch arranged in parallel; the two groups of hybrid switches (12) are connected in series through a load (20), the disconnecting switch (11) and one of the hybrid switches (12) are connected in series, or the disconnecting switch (11) is connected in series on the IGBT (123) branch of one of the hybrid switches (12); Further comprising a power module (15), a pre-charging module (13), a control module and a preset interface (17) connected with the body (10A), the control module is connected with the power module (15), the pre-charging module (13) and the preset interface (17) respectively.
2. A hybrid solid state switching device according to claim 1, wherein, Further comprising a shell (10) accommodating the body (10A), the control module includes a key board (141), a panel (142) and a main control board (143), the key board (141) and the panel (142) are arranged side by side on the surface cover (10a) of the shell (10).
3. A hybrid solid state switching device according to claim 2, wherein, The control module is arranged above the body (10A) along a first direction (F1), and the main control board (143) is located below the panel (142) along the first direction (F1); Or, the control module is arranged on one side of the body (10A) along a second direction (F2) perpendicular to the first direction (F1), and the main control board (143) is located on the side of the panel (142) close to the body (10A) along the second direction (F2).
4. A hybrid solid state switching device according to claim 2, wherein, The disconnecting switch (11) is connected in series on the IGBT (123) branch of one of the hybrid switches (12), and the pre-charging module (13) is connected in parallel on the hybrid switch (12); or the disconnecting switch (11) and one of the hybrid switches (12) are connected in series, and the pre-charging module (13) is connected in parallel on the hybrid switch (12).
5. A hybrid solid state switching device according to claim 4, wherein, The pre-charging module (13) is built in the shell (10) and located on one side of the body (10A), or the pre-charging module (13) is spliced outside the shell (10).
6. A hybrid solid state switching device according to claim 2, wherein, The power module (15) and the pre-charging module (13) are arranged side by side outside the shell (10) and located on one side of the body (10A).
7. A hybrid solid state switching device according to claim 3, wherein, The disconnecting switch (11) is connected in series on the IGBT (123) branch of one of the hybrid switches (12), the power module (15) is built in the shell (10), the power module (15) includes a first power module (151) and a second power module (152), the body (10A) forms a T-shaped layout, and the first power module (151) and the second power module (152) are oppositely arranged at two corners of the body (10A) along the second direction (F2) to form a rectangular layout with the body (10A).
8. A hybrid solid state switching device according to claim 3, wherein, The disconnector (11) and one group of the hybrid switch (12) are connected in series, the body (10A) forms a rectangular layout, the power module (15) is built in the shell (10), the power module (15) includes a first power module (151) and a second power module (152), the first power module (151) and the second power module (152) are located above the body (10A) along the first direction (F1) and are respectively located on both sides of the main control board (143) along the second direction (F2).
9. A hybrid solid state switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, 4 to 8, wherein, Two groups of the hybrid switch (12) are oppositely arranged along a third direction (F3), and a heat dissipation channel (16) is formed between the two groups of the hybrid switch (12).
10. The hybrid solid state switching device of claim 1, wherein, The body (10A) is connected in communication with the control module through the preset interface (17); The interface type of the preset interface (17) includes any one of threaded connection, bayonet connection, clamping connection, push-pull connection and straight insertion connection.
11. The hybrid solid state switching device of claim 1, wherein, The preset interface (17) includes at least the power supply voltage of the circuit and the 2Pin of the wire ground end; or includes a plurality of one-to-many selection switches to realize time-division multiplexing transmission of multiple state information of the preset interface (17).
12. A hybrid solid state switching device according to claim 2, wherein, The preset interface (17) is arranged on the face cover (10a), and the preset interface (17) is led out through the power module (15) or the main control board (143).