Speed reduction mechanism, electric objective lens converter and optical microscope

Abstract

The utility model provides a speed reducing mechanism, an electric objective lens converter and an optical microscope, and relates to the technical field of optical instruments. The speed reducing mechanism comprises a base, a rotating shaft, a motor, a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear and a driving outer gear, the motor and one end of the rotating shaft are both arranged on the base, an output shaft of the motor is sleeved with the driving bevel gear, and the driven bevel gear is arranged on the driving outer gear; the driven bevel gear and the driving outer gear are arranged on the rotating shaft in a sleeving mode and are in running fit with the rotating shaft, the driving bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear, the driving outer gear is meshed with a driven outer gear ring on the periphery of the disc body (provided with the multiple objective lenses), and the motor is used for driving the disc body to rotate through the output shaft and the gears during starting. The objective lens can be switched among the plurality of objective lenses. Compared with a traditional scheme, the speed reducing mechanism has the advantages that parts such as a grooved wheel are omitted, multi-stage gear speed reduction is simplified into two-stage gear speed reduction, fewer parts are used, and the structure is simpler.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of optical instruments, in particular to a speed reduction mechanism, an electric objective lens changer and an optical microscope. BACKGROUND

[0002] A microscope is an optical instrument that magnifies and enables the human eye to observe a small object, and is mainly divided into an optical microscope and an electron microscope. For the optical microscope, the key component that determines its resolution and magnification is an objective lens. A single optical microscope usually has multiple objective lenses with different magnifications (such as 4x, 10x, 40x, 100x, etc.). These objective lenses are installed on an electric objective lens changer, so that the switching of the objective lenses is realized through the electric objective lens changer. In the related art, the electric objective lens changer usually adopts multiple gear stages and cooperates with a grooved wheel and other parts to realize speed reduction. The structure is complex, which brings high cost, difficulty in machining and assembling of parts, and the parts are prone to jamming, thereby reducing the reliability. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a speed reduction mechanism, an electric objective lens changer and an optical microscope, aiming at solving the problem of complex structure and poor reliability of the speed reduction part of the electric objective lens changer in the related art.

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the related art, the first aspect of the present application provides a speed reduction mechanism, which is applied to an electric objective lens changer. The electric objective lens changer includes a turntable, the turntable includes a disc main body and a driven outer gear ring connected with the periphery of the disc main body, the disc main body is used for being sleeved on one end of a lens barrel of an optical microscope and is in rotational cooperation with the lens barrel, the side of the disc main body away from the lens barrel is used for mounting a plurality of objective lenses, and the plurality of objective lenses are distributed at intervals around the central axis of the disc main body. Specifically, the speed reduction mechanism includes a base, a motor, a rotating shaft, a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear and a driving outer gear. The motor and one end of the rotating shaft are both arranged on the base. The driving bevel gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor. The driven bevel gear is arranged on the driving outer gear. The driven bevel gear and the driving outer gear are both sleeved on the rotating shaft. The driven bevel gear and the driving outer gear are both in rotational cooperation with the rotating shaft. The driving bevel gear is in meshing cooperation with the driven bevel gear. The driving outer gear is used for being in meshing cooperation with the driven outer gear ring. The motor is used for driving the driving bevel gear to rotate through the output shaft when starting, so that the driven bevel gear, the driving outer gear, the driven outer gear ring and the disc main body rotate synchronously to switch between the plurality of objective lenses.

[0005] In some implementation schemes, the shaft intersection angle of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is 90°.

[0006] In some implementations, the speed reduction mechanism further comprises a first bearing, an inner ring of the first bearing being sleeved on the output shaft and being in interference fit with the output shaft, and the driving bevel gear being sleeved on an outer ring of the first bearing and being in interference fit with the outer ring of the first bearing.

[0007] In some implementations, the speed reduction mechanism further comprises a second bearing and a third bearing, inner rings of the second bearing and the third bearing being both sleeved on the rotating shaft and being in interference fit with the rotating shaft, the driven bevel gear being sleeved on an outer ring of the second bearing and being in interference fit with the outer ring of the second bearing, and the driving external gear being sleeved on an outer ring of the third bearing and being in interference fit with the outer ring of the third bearing.

[0008] In some implementations, the base comprises a main mounting plate and an auxiliary mounting plate, the auxiliary mounting plate being arranged on the main mounting plate, a central axis of the auxiliary mounting plate being perpendicular to a central axis of the main mounting plate, the auxiliary mounting plate being close to an edge of the main mounting plate, a side where the main mounting plate and the auxiliary mounting plate meet being formed with a fixing block, one end of the rotating shaft being arranged on the fixing block, the driven bevel gear and the driving external gear being both sleeved on the other end of the rotating shaft, the motor being arranged on a side of the auxiliary mounting plate away from the rotating shaft, the output shaft penetrating through the auxiliary mounting plate in the direction of the rotating shaft, and the driving bevel gear being sleeved on an end of the output shaft penetrating out of the auxiliary mounting plate.

[0009] In some implementations, a through hole is arranged on the side of the auxiliary mounting plate away from the rotating shaft and penetrating through to the other side, the through hole being used for the output shaft to penetrate through the auxiliary mounting plate in the direction of the rotating shaft.

[0010] The second aspect of the present application provides an electric microscope converter, comprising a fixing disc, a rotating disc, a hollow shell and the speed reduction mechanism mentioned in the first aspect of the present application, the fixing disc being arranged on one end of a lens barrel of an optical microscope, the rotating disc comprising a disc main body and a driven external gear ring connected with a peripheral edge of the disc main body, the disc main body being arranged on a side of the fixing disc away from the lens barrel and being in rotational fit with the fixing disc, a side of the disc main body away from the fixing disc being used for mounting a plurality of objective lenses, the plurality of objective lenses being distributed at intervals around a central axis of the disc main body, one side of the shell being used for sleeving on one end of the lens barrel and accommodating the fixing disc and the rotating disc inside, a side of the shell away from the lens barrel having an opening in communication with the inside, and the rotating disc being at the opening; the speed reduction mechanism being arranged in the shell, the driving external gear in the speed reduction mechanism being in mesh with the driven external gear ring, the speed reduction mechanism being used for driving the driven external gear ring to rotate and synchronously driving the disc main body to rotate, so as to switch between the plurality of objective lenses.

[0011] In some implementations, the electric objective lens converter further comprises a ring-shaped plate and an identifier, the ring-shaped plate is arranged on one side of the rotating disc close to the fixed disc and at the edge of the rotating disc, a plurality of markers are arranged on the ring-shaped plate, and the plurality of markers respectively correspond to the plurality of objective lenses and are used to uniquely identify the objective lens corresponding to the marker; the identifier is arranged on the fixed disc and at the edge of the fixed disc, and is used to identify the objective lens corresponding to the identifier by detecting the markers during synchronous rotation of the ring-shaped plate driven by the rotating body of the deceleration mechanism. In one of the implementations, the markers comprise a plurality of reflecting pieces arranged along the circumference of the ring-shaped plate, the arrangement of the plurality of reflecting pieces on the ring-shaped plate conforms to a preset coding rule, and the plurality of reflecting pieces are used to give the objective lens corresponding to the marker a unique code; the identifier comprises a substrate, an identification circuit and a plurality of reflective photoelectric switches are arranged on the substrate, the plurality of reflective photoelectric switches are respectively electrically connected to the identification circuit, and the plurality of reflective photoelectric switches are arranged along the circumference of the ring-shaped plate. Specifically, the reflective photoelectric switch is used to emit a first light signal to the plurality of reflecting pieces in the marker and receive a second light signal reflected by the plurality of reflecting pieces, and convert the second light signal into an electric signal corresponding to the second light signal to transmit to the identification circuit; the identification circuit is used to convert the electric signal into a corresponding unique code according to the preset coding rule, so as to determine the objective lens corresponding to the identifier through the unique code.

[0012] The third aspect of the present application provides an optical microscope, comprising a central controller and the electric objective lens converter mentioned in the second aspect of the present application, the central controller is communicatively connected to the motor in the deceleration mechanism in the electric objective lens converter, and the central controller is used to control the motor to start, so as to drive the rotating disc on which the plurality of objective lenses are installed to rotate by the motor, thereby realizing the switching of the objective lenses.

[0013] For the speed reduction mechanism provided in the first aspect of the present application, it is composed of a base, a rotating shaft, a motor, a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear and a driving external gear. The motor and one end of the rotating shaft are arranged on the base. The driving bevel gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor. The driven bevel gear is arranged on the driving external gear. The driven bevel gear and the driving external gear are both sleeved on the rotating shaft and are in rotational cooperation with the rotating shaft. The driving bevel gear is in engagement with the driven bevel gear. The driving external gear is used to engage with a driven external gear ring. The driven external gear ring is connected to the periphery of a disc body. The disc body is sleeved on one end of a lens barrel of an optical microscope and is in rotational cooperation with the lens barrel. The side of the disc body away from the lens barrel is used to mount a plurality of objective lenses. The plurality of objective lenses are distributed around the central axis of the disc body. In actual application, when it is needed to switch between the plurality of objective lenses, the motor can be started. The motor drives the driving bevel gear to rotate through the output shaft. Based on the engagement between the gears, the driving bevel gear drives the driven bevel gear, the driving external gear, the driven external gear ring and the disc body to rotate synchronously in the process of rotation. Thus, the rotation of the plurality of objective lenses around the central axis of the disc body is realized, that is, the switching of the objective lenses is realized. As can be seen, compared with the multi-stage gear and the cooperating parts such as the grooved wheel in the traditional solution for realizing speed reduction, the speed reduction mechanism of the present application not only cancels the parts such as the grooved wheel, but also simplifies the multi-stage gear speed reduction to two-stage gear speed reduction (one stage is the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, and the other stage is the driving external gear and the driven external gear ring). That is, the speed reduction mechanism of the present application uses fewer parts and has a simpler structure, thereby reducing the production cost and the difficulty in machining the parts and assembling the speed reduction mechanism, increasing the production efficiency, and effectively avoiding the disadvantage of the internal parts being stuck during the operation of the speed reduction mechanism, thereby improving the reliability of the motorized objective lens changer.

[0014] For the motorized objective lens changer provided in the second aspect of the present application and the optical microscope provided in the third aspect of the present application, since they both apply the speed reduction mechanism provided in the first aspect of the present application, they both have all the advantages of the speed reduction mechanism provided in the first aspect of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the related art or the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the related art or the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. Other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the motorized objective lens changer provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2An exploded schematic view of the electric animal lens converter provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 An assembly schematic view of the fixed disc and the rotating disc provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 A structural schematic view of the speed reduction mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 A sectional view of the speed reduction mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 An assembly schematic view of the annular plate and the identifier provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0022] The marks in the above respective figures respectively represent: 100-speed reduction mechanism, 200-housing, 300-fixed disc, 400-rotating disc, 500-annular plate, 600-identifier, 110-base, 120-motor, 130-rotating shaft, 140-driving bevel gear, 150-driven bevel gear, 160-driving external gear, 111-main mounting plate, 112- auxiliary mounting plate, 113-fixed block, 141-first bearing, 151-second bearing, 161-third bearing, 410-disc body, 420-driven external gear ring, 510-identifier, 511-reflective sheet, 610-substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In the related art, the electric animal lens converter usually adopts multi-stage gears and cooperates with a groove wheel and other parts to achieve speed reduction, which has a complex structure, thereby bringing about disadvantages such as high cost, difficult machining and assembly of parts, and easy jamming of parts, and reducing reliability. In view of this, the present application proposes, in the following embodiments, a speed reduction mechanism, an electric animal lens converter applying the speed reduction mechanism, and an optical microscope applying the electric animal lens converter, to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages existing in the related art.

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application and the corresponding drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application described below are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application, i.e. based on the various embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of an electric animal lens converter, Figure 2 shows an exploded schematic diagram of an electric animal lens converter, Figure 3 shows an assembly schematic diagram of a fixed disc and a rotating disc, Figure 4 shows a structural schematic diagram of a speed reduction mechanism. The embodiment provides a speed reduction mechanism 100 applied in an optical microscope, specifically applied in an electric animal lens converter of the optical microscope, that is, the speed reduction mechanism 100 is a part of the electric animal lens converter, the electric animal lens converter comprises a rotating disc 400, the rotating disc 400 comprises a disc main body 410 and a driven outer gear ring 420 connected with the periphery of the disc main body 410, the disc main body 410 is sleeved on one end of a lens barrel of the optical microscope and rotationally matched with the lens barrel, the side of the disc main body 410 away from the lens barrel is used for mounting a plurality of objective lenses, the plurality of objective lenses are spaced and uniformly distributed around the central axis of the disc main body 410, and the end of the lens barrel not sleeved with the disc main body 410 is used for mounting an ocular lens. In addition, it needs to be explained that the rotating disc 400 is a whole, which is only divided into two parts, i.e. the disc main body 410 and the driven outer gear ring 420 according to the function.

[0026] Specifically, the speed reduction mechanism 100 comprises a base 110, an electric motor 120, a rotating shaft 130, a driving bevel gear 140, a driven bevel gear 150 and a driving outer gear 160, the electric motor 120 and one end of the rotating shaft 130 are arranged on the base 110, the driving bevel gear 140 is sleeved on the output shaft of the electric motor 120, the driven bevel gear 150 is arranged on the driving outer gear 160, the driven bevel gear 150 and the driving outer gear 160 are both sleeved on the rotating shaft 130 and rotationally matched with the rotating shaft 130, the driving bevel gear 140 is engaged with the driven bevel gear 150, and the driving outer gear 160 is engaged with the driven outer gear ring 420 in the rotating disc 400; preferably, the shaft intersection angle of the driving bevel gear 140 and the driven bevel gear 150 is 90°, that is, the rotation axis of the driving bevel gear 140 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the driven bevel gear 150. In the embodiment, the electric motor 120 is used to drive the driving bevel gear 140 to rotate through the output shaft of the electric motor 120 when starting, so that the driven bevel gear 150, the driving outer gear 160, the driven outer gear ring 420 and the disc main body 410 are synchronously rotated, thereby realizing the rotation of the plurality of objective lenses around the central axis of the disc main body 410 and further realizing the switching of the objective lenses.

[0027] That is to say, when it is necessary to switch among multiple objectives, the motor 120 can be started to drive the driving bevel gear 140 to rotate through the output shaft, and since the driving bevel gear 140 is engaged with the driven bevel gear 150, the driven bevel gear 150 will rotate synchronously during the rotation of the driving bevel gear 140, and since the driven bevel gear 150 is arranged on the driving external gear 160, the driving external gear 160 will also rotate synchronously during the rotation of the driven bevel gear 150, and then the disc body 410 engaged with the driving external gear 160 through the driven external gear ring 420 will naturally rotate synchronously, so that the multiple objectives rotate around the central axis of the disc body 410, that is, the switching of the objectives is realized. It can be understood that the switching of the objectives is actually to rotate the disc body 410 so that the multiple objectives installed on the disc body 410 rotate around the central axis of the disc body 410, and finally the objective to be used is rotated to the top of the objective table of the optical microscope, so as to subsequently observe the sample to be observed on the objective table by using the objective, and the rotation of the disc body 410 is realized by the speed reduction mechanism 100.

[0028] As can be seen from the above, compared with the traditional scheme in which the electric objective changer adopts multiple gear stages and cooperates with parts such as a grooved wheel to realize speed reduction, the embodiment not only cancels the parts such as the grooved wheel, but also simplifies the multiple gear stage speed reduction to two gear stage speed reduction (one stage is the driving bevel gear 140 and the driven bevel gear 150, and the other stage is the driving external gear 160 and the driven external gear ring 420), that is, the speed reduction mechanism 100 of the embodiment uses fewer parts and has a simpler structure, thereby reducing the production cost and the difficulty in machining the parts and assembling the speed reduction mechanism 100, increasing the production efficiency, and effectively avoiding the disadvantage of the internal parts of the speed reduction mechanism 100 being stuck during operation, thereby improving the reliability of the electric objective changer.

[0029] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4The base 110 comprises a main mounting plate 111 and an auxiliary mounting plate 112, the auxiliary mounting plate 112 is arranged on the main mounting plate 111, the central axis of the auxiliary mounting plate 112 is perpendicular to the central axis of the main mounting plate 111 (i.e. the auxiliary mounting plate 112 is arranged vertically on the main mounting plate 111), the auxiliary mounting plate 112 is close to the edge of the main mounting plate 111, a fixing block 113 is formed on the side of the main mounting plate 111 and the auxiliary mounting plate 112, one end of the rotating shaft 130 is arranged on the fixing block 113, the driven bevel gear 150 and the driving external gear 160 are both arranged on the other end of the rotating shaft 130 and are both in rotationally fitted with the rotating shaft 130, the motor 120 is arranged on the side of the auxiliary mounting plate 112 away from the rotating shaft 130, the output shaft of the motor 120 passes through the auxiliary mounting plate 112 in the direction of the rotating shaft 130, the driving bevel gear 140 is arranged on the end of the output shaft passing through the auxiliary mounting plate 112 and is engaged with the driven bevel gear 150. As one or more of the embodiments, a through hole is formed on the side of the auxiliary mounting plate 112 away from the rotating shaft 130 and penetrates to the other side, the through hole is used for the output shaft to pass through the auxiliary mounting plate 112 in the direction of the rotating shaft 130, and there should be a certain gap between the through hole and the output shaft of the motor 120 to avoid affecting the rotation of the output shaft.

[0030] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5 , Figure 5 A sectional view of the speed reduction mechanism 100 is shown, in addition to the structure given in the foregoing, the speed reduction mechanism 100 comprises a first bearing 141, the inner ring of the first bearing 141 is arranged on the output shaft of the motor 120 and is in interference fit with the output shaft, and the driving bevel gear 140 is arranged on the outer ring of the first bearing 141 and is in interference fit with the outer ring of the first bearing 141. It can be understood that after the motor 120 is started, the output shaft of the motor 120 will drive the inner ring of the first bearing 141 to rotate, and because a plurality of rolling bodies (such as balls, rollers, etc.) are arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring of the first bearing 141, the outer ring of the first bearing 141 will rotate synchronously in the process of the rotation of the inner ring of the first bearing 141, and because the driving bevel gear 140 is arranged on the outer ring of the first bearing 141, the driving bevel gear 140 will also rotate synchronously in the process of the rotation of the outer ring of the first bearing 141.

[0031] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5, the speed reduction mechanism 100 comprises, in addition to the structure given above, a second bearing 151 and a third bearing 161, the inner rings of the second bearing 151 and the third bearing 161 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 130 and are in interference fit with the rotating shaft 130, the driven bevel gear 150 is sleeved on the outer ring of the second bearing 151 and is in interference fit with the outer ring of the second bearing 151, and the driving external gear 160 is sleeved on the outer ring of the third bearing 161 and is in interference fit with the outer ring of the third bearing 161. It can be understood that after the motor 120 is started, the motor 120 can drive the driving bevel gear 140 to rotate through its output shaft, and since the driven bevel gear 150 is in meshing with the driving bevel gear 140 and the driven bevel gear 150 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 130 through the second bearing 151, the driven bevel gear 150 will synchronously rotate around the rotating shaft 130 through the second bearing 151 in the process of the driving bevel gear 140 rotating, and since the driven bevel gear 150 is arranged on the driving external gear 160 and the driving external gear 160 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 130 through the third bearing 161, the driving external gear 160 will synchronously rotate around the rotating shaft 130 through the third bearing 161 in the process of the driven bevel gear 150 rotating.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment provides an electric objective lens changer applied to an optical microscope, which comprises a fixing disc 300, a rotating disc 400, a hollow shell 200 and the speed reduction mechanism 100 described above, the fixing disc 300 is arranged on one end of a lens barrel of the optical microscope, the rotating disc 400 comprises a disc main body 410 and a driven external gear ring 420 connected with the periphery of the disc main body 410, the disc main body 410 is arranged on the side of the fixing disc 300 away from the lens barrel and is in rotating fit with the fixing disc 300, the side of the disc main body 410 away from the fixing disc 300 is used for mounting a plurality of objective lenses, the plurality of objective lenses are spaced and uniformly distributed around the central axis of the disc main body 410, one side of the shell 200 is sleeved on one end of the lens barrel and the fixing disc 300 and the rotating disc 400 are accommodated in the shell 200, the side of the shell 200 away from the lens barrel has an opening in communication with the inside, and the rotating disc 400 is located at the opening; the speed reduction mechanism 100 is arranged in the shell 200, the driving external gear 160 in the speed reduction mechanism 100 is in meshing with the driven external gear ring 420 of the rotating disc 400, and the speed reduction mechanism 100 is used for driving the driven external gear ring 420 to rotate and synchronously rotating the disc main body 410, so that the plurality of objective lenses rotate around the central axis of the disc main body 410, that is, the switching of the objective lenses is realized. For the process that the speed reduction mechanism 100 drives the disc main body 410 to rotate, please refer to the relevant description of the speed reduction mechanism 100 above, and the embodiment will not be described here.

[0033] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3, the electric microscope converter further comprises a ring plate 500 and an identifier 600, the ring plate 500 is arranged on the side of the rotating disc 400 close to the fixed disc 300 and at the edge of the rotating disc 400, a plurality of markers 510 are arranged on the ring plate 500, the plurality of markers 510 correspond to the plurality of objectives respectively, and the identifier 600 is arranged on the fixed disc 300 and at the edge of the fixed disc 300; preferably, the ring plate 500 is arranged on the disc main body 410 and connected to the junction of the disc main body 410 and the driven outer gear ring 420 at the side away from the ring center, or the ring plate 500 is arranged on the driven outer gear ring 420 and connected to the junction of the driven outer gear ring 420 and the disc main body 410 at the side close to the ring center. Specifically, the markers 510 are used to uniquely identify the objective corresponding to itself; the identifier 600 is used to identify the objective corresponding to itself by detecting the markers 510 in the process that the deceleration mechanism 100 drives the disc main body 410 and the ring plate 500 to rotate synchronously.

[0034] That is to say, in actual application, the deceleration mechanism 100 can drive the disc main body 410 and the ring plate 500 to rotate synchronously, when a certain objective corresponds to the identifier 600, the marker corresponding to the objective must also correspond to the identifier 600, the identifier 600 can detect the marker 510, so as to determine which objective corresponds to itself, and then: if the objective is the objective to be used, the deceleration mechanism 100 will stop driving the disc main body 410 (i.e. the disc main body 410 stops rotating), which means that the switching of the objective is completed; if the objective is not the objective to be used, the deceleration mechanism 100 will continue to drive the disc main body 410 to rotate, when the next objective corresponds to the identifier 600, the identifier 600 will detect the marker 510 again and identify the objective, and the cycle continues until the objective corresponding to itself is the objective to be used, so that the switching of the objective is completed.

[0035] As one or more embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6is an assembly schematic view of the ring-shaped plate and the identifier, the marker 510 comprises a plurality of reflective pieces 511, the plurality of reflective pieces 511 are arranged along the circumference of the ring-shaped plate 500, and the arrangement of the plurality of reflective pieces 511 on the ring-shaped plate 500 conforms to a preset encoding rule; the identifier 600 comprises a substrate 610, the substrate 610 is provided with an identification circuit (not shown in the figure) and a plurality of reflective photoelectric switches (not shown in the figure), the plurality of reflective photoelectric switches are respectively electrically connected to the identification circuit, and the plurality of reflective photoelectric switches are arranged along the circumference of the ring-shaped plate 500. Specifically, the plurality of reflective pieces 511 are used to endow the objective lens corresponding to the marker 510 with a unique code; the plurality of reflective photoelectric switches are used to emit a first light signal to the plurality of reflective pieces 511 in the marker 510, receive a second light signal reflected back by the plurality of reflective pieces 511, and convert the second light signal into a corresponding electrical signal; and the identification circuit is used to convert the electrical signal into a corresponding unique code according to the preset encoding rule, so as to determine which objective lens corresponding to the identifier 600 through the converted unique code.

[0036] It should be noted that the preset encoding rule of the present application can adopt any encoding rule commonly used in the art which can realize position recognition, such as 2421 encoding rule, 5421 encoding rule, 8421 encoding rule, remainder 3 encoding rule and Gray encoding rule, etc., and the specific selection can be made according to actual needs, and the present application does not make a unique limitation. It should be noted that the way of realizing objective lens identification is not limited to the cooperation of reflective photoelectric switches and reflective pieces 511, and in other embodiments, other ways can also be used, such as the cooperation of Hall sensors and magnets, the cooperation of magnetic encoders and magnets, etc., and the specific selection can be made according to actual needs, and the present application does not make a unique limitation.

[0037] Preferably, the preset encoding rule is the 8421 encoding rule, since the 8421 encoding is 4 bits, the marker 510 should have 4 placement positions (not shown in the figure) for placing the reflective sheet 511, if the reflective sheet 511 is placed on a placement position, it means that the bit in the 8421 encoding is "1", and if the reflective sheet 511 is not placed on a placement position, it means that the bit in the 8421 encoding is "0". It can be understood that the number of reflective photoelectric switches on the substrate 610 should be the same as the number of placement positions in the marker 510, that is, 4 reflective photoelectric switches are arranged on the substrate 610 and correspond to the 4 placement positions in the marker 510 respectively, each reflective photoelectric switch is used to emit a first light signal to one placement position in the marker 510, only when the reflective sheet 511 is placed on the placement position, the first light signal emitted by the reflective photoelectric switch will be reflected, that is, the reflective photoelectric switch will receive a second light signal, if the reflective photoelectric switch receives the second light signal, the reflective photoelectric switch will output a high-level signal (representing "1") to the identification circuit, and if the reflective photoelectric switch does not receive the second light signal, the reflective photoelectric switch will output a low-level signal (representing "0") to the identification circuit.

[0038] Exemplarily, it is assumed that 6 objective lenses are installed on the disc body 410, which are a first objective lens, a second objective lens, a third objective lens, a fourth objective lens, a fifth objective lens and a sixth objective lens, the unique code of the first objective lens is the decimal number "1", the unique code of the second objective lens is the decimal number "2", the unique code of the third objective lens is the decimal number "3", the unique code of the fourth objective lens is the decimal number "4", the unique code of the fifth objective lens is the decimal number "5", and the unique code of the sixth objective lens is the decimal number "6". Taking the sixth objective lens as an example, since the 8421 encoding of the decimal number "6" is "0110", among the 4 placement positions of the sixth marker (corresponding to the sixth objective lens), the two placement positions in the middle have the reflective sheet 511 (which can reflect the second light signal to the reflective photoelectric switch), and the two placement positions on the two sides do not have the reflective sheet 511 (which cannot reflect the second light signal to the reflective photoelectric switch); based on this, among the 4 reflective photoelectric switches on the substrate 610, the two reflective photoelectric switches in the middle will receive the second light signal and output a high-level signal to the identification circuit, and the two reflective photoelectric switches on the two sides cannot receive the second light signal and output a low-level signal to the identification circuit, after receiving the 4 level signals sent by the 4 reflective photoelectric switches, the identification circuit will analyze the 4 level signals, thereby obtaining the 8421 encoding "0110", then the identification circuit can convert the 8421 encoding "0110" into a decimal number, that is, the unique code "6" is obtained, which means that the objective lens corresponding to the identifier 600 is the sixth objective lens, so the identification of the objective lens is realized.

[0039] In addition to the deceleration mechanism 100 and the electric animal lens converter described above, the present embodiment provides an optical microscope comprising a central controller and the electric animal lens converter described above, the central controller is not only communicatively connected to the identifier 600, but also communicatively connected to the motor 120 in the deceleration mechanism 100 in the electric animal lens converter. Specifically, the central controller is configured to: receive the identification result of the objective lens sent by the identifier 600; and control the motor 120 to start to drive the rotating disc 400 on which the plurality of objective lenses are installed to rotate by the motor 120, so as to realize the switching of the objective lens. That is to say, in actual application, when it is necessary to switch between the plurality of objective lenses, the central controller can control the motor 120 to start, and the motor 120 can drive the rotating disc 400 to rotate, so that the plurality of objective lenses rotate around the central axis of the rotating disc 400. In this process, the identifier 600 will continuously identify the objective lens and transmit the corresponding identification result to the central controller. When the central controller determines that the objective lens corresponding to the identifier 600 is the objective lens to be used according to the identification result, the motor 120 can be controlled to stop, and the switching of the objective lens ends. For the process of driving the rotating disc 400 to rotate by the deceleration mechanism 100 and the process of identifying the objective lens by the identifier 600, refer to the related description of the deceleration mechanism 100 and the electric animal lens converter above, and the present embodiment will not be described again.

[0040] Of course, in addition to the structure given above, the optical microscope should also comprise other structures constituting the optical microscope in the art, such as eyepiece, lens barrel, mirror arm, mirror seat, stage, mirror, coarse focus screw, fine focus screw, condenser, etc. The present application will not expand the description. In addition, the central controller can adopt any controller commonly used in the art, such as small computer, microcontroller such as single-chip microcomputer, industrial control computer (IPC), programmable logic controller (PLC), distributed control system (DCS), etc. The present application does not make a unique limitation.

[0041] The above embodiments are only preferred implementations of the present application, and are not the only limitations on the related speed reduction mechanism 100, electric animal lens converter and optical microscope; based on the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can flexibly set according to the actual application scene. It can be understood that through the implementation of the above embodiments of the present application, the base 110, the rotating shaft 130, the motor 120, the driving bevel gear 140, the driven bevel gear 150 and the driving external gear 160 together constitute the speed reduction mechanism 100, the motor 120 and one end of the rotating shaft 130 are arranged on the base 110, the driving bevel gear 140 is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor 120, the driven bevel gear 150 is arranged on the driving external gear 160, the driven bevel gear 150 and the driving external gear 160 are both sleeved on the rotating shaft 130 and both rotate with the rotating shaft 130, the driving bevel gear 140 is engaged with the driven bevel gear 150, the driving external gear 160 is used for engaging with the driven external gear 420, the driven external gear 420 is connected to the periphery of the disc body 410, the disc body 410 is sleeved on one end of the lens barrel of the optical microscope and rotates with the lens barrel, the side of the disc body 410 away from the lens barrel is used for installing a plurality of objective lenses, and the plurality of objective lenses are distributed around the central axis of the disc body 410; in actual application, when it is necessary to switch between a plurality of objective lenses, the motor 120 can be started, the motor 120 drives the driving bevel gear 140 to rotate through the output shaft, based on the engagement between the gears, the driving bevel gear 140 drives the driven bevel gear 150, the driving external gear 160, the driven external gear 420 and the disc body 410 to rotate synchronously in the process of rotating, so that the rotation of the plurality of objective lenses around the central axis of the disc body 410 is realized, that is, the switching of the objective lenses is realized. As can be seen, compared with the multi-stage gear and the cooperating groove wheel in the traditional scheme, the present application not only cancels the groove wheel and other parts, but also simplifies the multi-stage gear reduction to two-stage gear reduction (one stage is the driving bevel gear 140 and the driven bevel gear 150, and the other stage is the driving external gear 160 and the driven external gear 420), that is, the speed reduction mechanism 100 of the present application uses fewer parts and has a simpler structure, thereby reducing the production cost and the difficulty of part processing and speed reduction mechanism 100 assembly, and effectively avoiding the disadvantage of internal part jamming of the speed reduction mechanism 100 during work, and improving the reliability of the electric animal lens converter.

[0042] It should be noted that the present application is described in a progressive manner in the several embodiments shown above, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. It should also be noted that in the text description of the present application, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is such an actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Further, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other corresponding variants are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only these elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article or device; and, in the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0043] Furthermore, by implementing the several embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can implement or use the present application. Various modifications to the several embodiments described above will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments not shown without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the several embodiments described above, but rather is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A speed reduction mechanism characterized by, The application is applied to an electric animal lens converter, which comprises a rotating disc, the rotating disc comprises a disc main body and a driven outer gear ring connected with the periphery of the disc main body, the disc main body is used for being sleeved on one end of a lens barrel of an optical microscope and being rotationally connected with the lens barrel, and a plurality of objective lenses are installed on the side of the disc main body away from the lens barrel and are distributed around the central axis of the disc main body; The reduction mechanism comprises a base, a motor, a rotating shaft, a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear and a driving outer gear, the motor and one end of the rotating shaft are arranged on the base, the driving bevel gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor, the driven bevel gear is arranged on the driving outer gear, the driven bevel gear and the driving outer gear are both sleeved on the rotating shaft, the driven bevel gear and the driving outer gear are both rotationally connected with the rotating shaft, the driving bevel gear is engaged with the driven bevel gear, and the driving outer gear is used for being engaged with the driven outer gear ring. The motor is used for driving the driving bevel gear to rotate through the output shaft when starting, so that the driven bevel gear, the driving outer gear, the driven outer gear ring and the disc main body rotate synchronously to switch between the plurality of objective lenses.

2. The reduction mechanism of claim 1, wherein The shaft intersection angle of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is 90°.

3. The reduction mechanism of claim 1, wherein The inner ring of a first bearing is sleeved on the output shaft and is interference-fitted with the output shaft, and the driving bevel gear is sleeved on the outer ring of the first bearing and is interference-fitted with the outer ring of the first bearing.

4. The reduction mechanism of claim 1, wherein The inner rings of a second bearing and a third bearing are both sleeved on the rotating shaft and are both interference-fitted with the rotating shaft, the driven bevel gear is sleeved on the outer ring of the second bearing and is interference-fitted with the outer ring of the second bearing, and the driving outer gear is sleeved on the outer ring of the third bearing and is interference-fitted with the outer ring of the third bearing.

5. The reduction mechanism of claim 1, wherein The base comprises a main mounting plate and an auxiliary mounting plate, the auxiliary mounting plate is arranged on the main mounting plate, the central axis of the auxiliary mounting plate is perpendicular to the central axis of the main mounting plate, the auxiliary mounting plate is close to the edge of the main mounting plate, a fixing block is formed on the side where the main mounting plate and the auxiliary mounting plate are connected, one end of the rotating shaft is arranged on the fixing block, the driven bevel gear and the driving outer gear are both sleeved on the other end of the rotating shaft, the motor is arranged on the side of the auxiliary mounting plate away from the rotating shaft, the output shaft penetrates through the auxiliary mounting plate in the direction of the rotating shaft, and the driving bevel gear is sleeved on the end of the output shaft penetrating out of the auxiliary mounting plate.

6. The reduction mechanism of claim 5, wherein, A through hole is formed on the side of the auxiliary mounting plate away from the rotating shaft and penetrating through to the other side, and the through hole is used for allowing the output shaft to penetrate through the auxiliary mounting plate in the direction of the rotating shaft.

7. An electrical animal lens converter characterized by, The speed reducer mechanism is arranged in the shell, a driving external gear in the speed reducer mechanism is engaged with the driven external gear ring, the speed reducer mechanism is used for driving the driven external gear ring to rotate, and the disc main body is synchronously rotated, so that the multiple objective lenses are switched. Further comprising a ring-shaped plate and an identifier, the ring-shaped plate is arranged on a side of the rotating disc close to the fixed disc and at an edge of the rotating disc, a plurality of markers are arranged on the ring-shaped plate, the plurality of markers respectively correspond to the plurality of objective lenses, and the markers are used for uniquely identifying the objective lenses corresponding to the markers.

8. The electrical-animal-mirror converter of claim 7, wherein, The identifier is arranged on the fixed disc and at an edge of the fixed disc, and the identifier is used for identifying the objective lenses corresponding to the markers by detecting the markers during synchronous rotation of the disc main body and the ring-shaped plate driven by the speed reducer mechanism. The markers comprise a plurality of light-reflecting sheets, the plurality of light-reflecting sheets are arranged along a circumferential direction of the ring-shaped plate, arrangement of the plurality of light-reflecting sheets on the ring-shaped plate conforms to a preset coding rule, and the plurality of light-reflecting sheets are used for giving the objective lenses corresponding to the markers a unique code.

9. The electrical-animal-mirror converter of claim 8, wherein, The identifier comprises a substrate, an identification circuit and a plurality of reflective photoelectric switches are arranged on the substrate, the plurality of reflective photoelectric switches are respectively electrically connected to the identification circuit, and the plurality of reflective photoelectric switches are arranged along the circumferential direction of the ring-shaped plate. The plurality of reflective photoelectric switches are used for: emitting a first light signal to the plurality of light-reflecting sheets in the markers; receiving a second light signal reflected back through the plurality of light-reflecting sheets; converting the second light signal into a corresponding electrical signal and transmitting the electrical signal to the identification circuit; and The identification circuit is used for converting the electrical signal into a corresponding unique code according to the preset coding rule, so as to determine the objective lenses corresponding to the identifier. The central controller is in communication connection with the motor in the electric objective lens changer, and the central controller is used for controlling the motor to start, driving the rotating disc on which the multiple objective lenses are arranged to rotate by using the motor, and realizing switching of the objective lenses.

10. An optical microscope, characterized in that ​

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