Thin-wall structure shock absorber of high-speed train
By using partitions to separate chambers and damping particles of different sizes in the thin-walled structure of high-speed trains, combined with the design of polymer films, buffer pads, and sound insulation pads, the problems of large space occupation and unstable performance of traditional materials are solved, achieving efficient vibration and noise absorption and improving train comfort.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423196499.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing thin-walled structures for high-speed trains cannot effectively block vibrations and operating noise from external equipment in high-speed trains. Traditional materials require space and have a large added mass when increasing sound insulation, have poor low-frequency sound insulation, and unstable performance.
The container is divided into first and second chambers by a separator, which are filled with damping particles of different sizes. The large-size particles absorb low-frequency vibrations, while the small-size particles absorb high-frequency vibrations. Energy dissipation and sound absorption are achieved through polymer films, buffer pads, sound insulation pads, and other structures.
It achieves layered absorption and dissipation of vibrations and noise in different frequency bands, improves the sound insulation and vibration reduction performance of thin-walled structures of high-speed trains, and reduces the space occupied by materials and the added mass.
Smart Images
Figure CN223483257U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vibration reduction technology, specifically a thin-walled vibration damper for high-speed trains. Background Technology
[0002] The side wall skin of high-speed trains is mainly a thin-walled structure. During high-speed operation, it is subjected to aerodynamic excitation and vibration excitation from the internal equipment of the train body. The skin radiates a large amount of noise into the train, which seriously affects the ride comfort.
[0003] High-speed trains and bullet trains offer significantly higher speeds compared to traditional railway vehicles, resulting in increased vibration and noise during operation, and more complex coupling conditions. With rapid socio-economic development and people's pursuit of a higher quality of life, the number of people traveling by high-speed trains and bullet trains is also increasing, placing higher demands on the comfort of these trains. However, existing sidewall skin structures and additional damping materials cannot effectively block vibrations from external equipment and the noise generated during train operation.
[0004] The sound insulation of thin-walled structures in current high-speed trains still relies primarily on traditional methods, using materials such as damping sound-insulating coatings and damping grout. While these materials offer some sound insulation, they require considerable space. Further improvements in sound insulation and vibration isolation necessitate increasing the thickness of the sound-insulating material, which occupies limited space and adds significant mass. Thickening the unit area mass of a single-layer homogeneous wall increases material costs and incurs substantial additional mass, resulting in sound insulation primarily in the mid-to-high frequency range, with poor low-frequency performance. Applying damping coatings to homogeneous walls requires significant coating thickness to achieve higher sound insulation, leading to substantial added mass. Furthermore, the material's damping decreases at high or low temperatures, causing significant temperature variations in vibration reduction and sound insulation performance, resulting in unstable performance.
[0005] The above background information is provided only to aid in understanding the concept and technical solution of this utility model. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this patent application. In the absence of clear evidence that the above information was disclosed on the filing date of this patent application, the above background information should not be used to evaluate the novelty and inventiveness of this application. Utility Model Content
[0006] This application provides a vibration damper for thin-walled structures of high-speed trains, which can improve the sound insulation and vibration reduction performance of thin-walled structures of high-speed trains.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:
[0008] A high-speed train thin-walled structure vibration damper includes a container, a plurality of first damping particles, and a plurality of second damping particles. A partition is provided inside the container, which divides the internal space of the container into a first chamber and a second chamber in the thickness direction of the container. When the high-speed train thin-walled structure vibration damper is installed on the high-speed train thin-walled structure, the first chamber is located between the second chamber and the high-speed train thin-walled structure. The particle size of the first damping particles is larger than that of the second damping particles. The plurality of first damping particles are disposed in the first chamber, and the plurality of second damping particles are disposed in the second chamber.
[0009] In this embodiment, when the thin-walled structure of the train vibrates and transmits the vibration to the damper, the first damping particles in the first chamber, due to their larger particle size, can effectively respond to low-frequency vibrations due to their larger inertial mass. According to the momentum theorem, under the action of the external force brought by the vibration, the large-diameter first damping particles will generate a large momentum change. They collide and rub against each other and with the inner wall of the first chamber, thereby gradually dissipating the energy of the low-frequency vibration. The relatively high-frequency part of the transmitted vibration can continue to propagate to the second chamber through the partition. The small-diameter second damping particles in the second chamber, due to their small mass, large number, and greater flexibility, can generate more microscopic movements in response to high-frequency vibrations, such as frequent rolling and micro-collisions, and efficiently convert high-frequency vibration energy into heat energy for dissipation by increasing the friction contact points. In this way, the vibration energy is absorbed and dissipated in layers at different frequency bands, thereby effectively improving the vibration reduction performance of the thin-walled structure of the high-speed train.
[0010] In some possible implementations, the separator is a polymer film. Because the polymer film separator possesses a certain degree of flexibility and barrier properties, it can, on the one hand, physically separate the first and second chambers, ensuring that damping particles of different sizes reside in their respective spaces. This allows them to respond to vibrations at different frequencies according to their individual characteristics, preventing particle mixing and thus avoiding interference with the layered vibration damping effect. On the other hand, its flexibility allows it to deform with vibration during transmission, buffering some of the vibration energy. Unlike rigid separators, it is not easily damaged by stress concentration, ensuring the stability of the internal structure of the damper and facilitating a smoother vibration damping process. Simultaneously, it does not affect the frequency-band transmission of vibration energy from the first chamber to the second chamber, contributing to the overall sound insulation and vibration damping function.
[0011] In some possible implementations, buffer pads are provided on the walls of both the first and second chambers. When vibration is transmitted to the location of the buffer pads, due to the viscoelasticity of the material inside the buffer pads, the energy of the vibration wave propagating within them is continuously consumed by intermolecular friction and deformation of the buffer pads. According to the law of conservation of energy, the mechanical energy of the vibration wave is gradually converted into other forms of energy such as heat, causing the intensity of the vibration wave to gradually weaken, thereby reducing noise.
[0012] In some possible implementations, the container includes a box body and a sealing cap, the sealing cap being detachably fixed to the box body for sealing the box opening, and the box body having multiple connecting lugs for connection with the thin-walled structure of the high-speed train. This facilitates the filling of damping particles and helps to improve the filling rate of the damping particles.
[0013] In some possible implementations, the high-speed train thin-walled structure vibration damper also includes a flexible silicone sealing strip disposed on the surface of the housing facing the high-speed train thin-walled structure. This reduces the assembly gap between the housing and the high-speed train thin-walled structure, thereby reducing the possibility of vibration and noise propagating outwards from the gap and enhancing the sound insulation performance of the high-speed train thin-walled structure vibration damper.
[0014] In some possible implementations, a sound-insulating pad is provided on the outer wall of the sealing cover. The sound-insulating pad comprises a sound-absorbing rubber layer, a damping sound-insulating film layer, and a sound-absorbing cotton layer, all layered together by adhesive bonding. The sound-absorbing rubber layer has multiple pores, the sound-absorbing cotton layer has a wavy fiber structure, and the damping sound-insulating film layer is located between the sound-absorbing rubber layer and the sound-absorbing cotton layer. The sound-absorbing rubber layer is located between the damping sound-insulating film layer and the outer wall of the sealing cover. Thus, when noise is generated and propagates towards the vibration damper, it first contacts the sound-insulating pad on the outer wall of the sealing cover. The multiple pores on the sound-absorbing rubber layer allow some sound waves to enter its interior. The sound waves are continuously reflected and refracted within the pores, rubbing against the pore walls, converting the mechanical energy of the sound waves into heat energy, achieving initial absorption of mid-to-high frequency sound waves. Sound waves propagate through the sound-absorbing rubber layer to the damping sound-insulating film layer. This layer, made of a high-molecular polymer, utilizes its viscoelasticity; under the vibration caused by the sound waves, the internal molecular chains undergo stretching and torsion deformation. Through intermolecular friction and damping, the sound wave energy is further converted into heat energy, effectively blocking and dissipating mid-frequency sound waves. Finally, the remaining sound waves reach the sound-absorbing cotton layer. The wavy fiber structure of the cotton layer increases the reflection and refraction paths of the sound waves, causing them to be continuously reflected back and forth and further absorbed by the fibers. This further enhances the sound insulation performance of the thin-walled vibration damper for high-speed trains.
[0015] In some possible implementations, the damping and sound-insulating film layer is made of a polymer. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that in all drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same elements. In the drawings, for clarity and ease of understanding, the dimensions of some features may be modified.
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a thin-walled vibration damper for high-speed trains is provided for some embodiments of this application;
[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional structure of a thin-walled vibration damper for a high-speed train at line AA.
[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the sound insulation pad in the thin-walled vibration damper of a high-speed train.
[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0021] In the diagram: 1. Container; 11. Box body; 111. Divider; 112. First chamber; 113. Second chamber; 114. Connecting ear; 12. Sealing cap; 2. First damping particle; 3. Second damping particle; 4. Buffer pad; 5. Sound insulation pad; 51. Sound-absorbing rubber layer; 52. Damping sound insulation film layer; 53. Sound-absorbing cotton layer. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0023] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner" and other terms indicating the direction or positional relationship are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
[0024] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0025] Please see Figure 1 and combined Figure 2 This application provides a high-speed train thin-walled structure vibration damper, including a container 1, a plurality of first damping particles 2 and a plurality of second damping particles 3, and a separator 111 is provided inside the container 1.
[0026] The separator 111 divides the internal space of the container 1 into a first chamber 112 and a second chamber 113 along the thickness direction of the container 1. When the high-speed train thin-walled structure vibration damper is installed on the high-speed train thin-walled structure, the first chamber 112 is located between the second chamber 113 and the high-speed train thin-walled structure. The particle size of the first damping particle 2 is larger than that of the second damping particle 3, and multiple first damping particles 2 are disposed in the first chamber 112; multiple second damping particles 3 are disposed in the second chamber 113. For example, the materials of the first damping particles 2 and the second damping particles 3 are copper alloy, titanium alloy, iron alloy, tungsten alloy, aluminum alloy, or lead alloy.
[0027] In this way, when the thin-walled structure of the train vibrates and is transmitted to the vibration damper, the first damping particles 2 located in the first chamber 112, due to their larger particle size, can effectively respond to low-frequency vibrations due to their larger inertial mass. According to the momentum theorem, under the action of the external force brought by the vibration, the large-diameter first damping particles 2 will generate a large momentum change. They collide and rub against each other and with the inner wall of the first chamber 112, thereby gradually dissipating the energy of the low-frequency vibration. The relatively high-frequency part of the transmitted vibration can continue to propagate to the second chamber 113 through the separator 111. The small-diameter second damping particles 3 in the second chamber 113, due to their small mass, large number, and greater flexibility, can generate more microscopic movements in response to high-frequency vibrations, such as frequent rolling and micro-collisions, thereby efficiently converting high-frequency vibration energy into heat energy for dissipation by increasing the friction contact points. In this way, the vibration energy is absorbed and dissipated in layers at different frequency bands, thereby effectively improving the vibration reduction performance of the thin-walled structure of the high-speed train.
[0028] In some embodiments, the container 1 includes a box body 11 and a sealing cap 12. The sealing cap 12 is detachably fixed to the box body 11 for sealing the opening of the box body 11. The box body 11 is provided with a plurality of connecting lugs 114 for connecting with the thin-walled structure of the high-speed train. It is understood that the high-speed train thin-walled structure vibration damper can be fixed to the thin-walled structure of the high-speed train by bolts engaging with the threaded holes on the connecting lugs 114.
[0029] This facilitates the filling of damping particles and helps to improve the filling rate of damping particles.
[0030] It is understood that the partition 111 is disposed within the box body 11. For example, the partition 111 can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body 11 by means of screws, snap-fit, adhesive, etc. Specifically, the partition 111 can be directly fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body 11, or it can be indirectly fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box body 11 through a connecting plate or other structure. It is understood that the connection methods between subsequent components can be designed with reference to the connection method between the partition 111 and the inner wall of the box body 11, and will not be elaborated further.
[0031] When filling the damping particles, the first damping particle 2 can be filled into the box 11 first, and then the separator 111 can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box 11 before filling the second damping particle 3.
[0032] In some embodiments, the separator 111 is a polymer film. Because the polymer film separator 111 possesses a certain degree of flexibility and barrier properties, it can, on the one hand, physically separate the first chamber 112 and the second chamber 113, ensuring that damping particles of different sizes reside in their respective spaces. This allows them to respond to vibrations at different frequency bands according to their individual characteristics, preventing particle mixing and thus maintaining the layered vibration damping effect. On the other hand, its flexibility allows it to deform with vibration during transmission, buffering some vibration energy. Unlike rigid separators, it is not easily damaged by stress concentration, ensuring the stability of the internal structure of the damper and facilitating a smoother vibration damping process. Simultaneously, it does not affect the transmission of vibration energy from the first chamber 112 to the second chamber 113 according to frequency band characteristics, which is beneficial for achieving the overall sound insulation and vibration damping function.
[0033] Please see Figure 2In some embodiments, buffer pads 4 are provided on the walls of both the first chamber 112 and the second chamber 113. For example, the buffer pads 4 can be rubber pads or latex pads. Thus, when vibration is transmitted to the location of the buffer pads 4, due to the viscoelasticity of the material inside the buffer pads 4, the energy of the vibration wave propagating within it is continuously consumed by intermolecular friction, deformation, and other processes of the buffer pads 4. According to the law of conservation of energy, the mechanical energy of the vibration wave is gradually converted into other forms of energy such as heat energy, causing the intensity of the vibration wave to gradually weaken, thereby reducing noise.
[0034] Please see Figure 2 and combined Figure 3 In some embodiments, a sound-insulating pad 5 is provided on the outer wall surface of the sealing cover 12. The sound-insulating pad 5 includes a sound-absorbing rubber layer 51, a damping sound-insulating film layer 52, and a sound-absorbing cotton layer 53, which are layered together by adhesive. The sound-absorbing rubber layer 51 has multiple air holes, the sound-absorbing cotton layer 53 has a wavy fiber structure, and the damping sound-insulating film layer 52 is located between the sound-absorbing rubber layer 51 and the sound-absorbing cotton layer 53. The sound-absorbing rubber layer 51 is located between the damping sound-insulating film layer 52 and the outer wall surface of the sealing cover 12. For example, the damping sound-insulating film layer 52 is made of a high-molecular polymer. In this way, when noise is generated and propagates to the vibration damper, it first comes into contact with the sound-insulating pad 5 on the outer wall of the sealing cover 12. The multiple air holes on the sound-absorbing rubber layer 51 allow some sound waves to enter its interior. The sound waves are continuously reflected and refracted within the air holes, and friction occurs with the air hole walls, converting the mechanical energy of the sound waves into heat energy, thus achieving preliminary absorption of mid-to-high frequency sound waves. The sound waves, after passing through the sound-absorbing rubber layer 51, continue to propagate to the damping sound-insulating film layer 52. This layer, made of a high-molecular polymer, utilizes its viscoelasticity; under the vibration caused by the sound waves, the internal molecular chains undergo stretching and torsion deformation. Through intermolecular friction and damping, the sound wave energy is further converted into heat energy, effectively blocking and dissipating mid-frequency sound waves. Finally, the remaining sound waves reach the sound-absorbing cotton layer 53. The wavy fiber structure of the sound-absorbing cotton layer 53 increases the reflection and refraction paths of the sound waves, causing them to be continuously reflected back and forth and further absorbed by the fibers. This further enhances the sound insulation performance of the thin-walled vibration damper for high-speed trains.
[0035] In some embodiments, the high-speed train thin-walled structure vibration damper further includes a flexible silicone sealing strip (not shown in the figure), which is disposed on the surface of the housing 11 facing the high-speed train thin-walled structure. This reduces the assembly gap between the housing 11 and the high-speed train thin-walled structure, thereby reducing the possibility of vibration and noise propagating outward from the gap and enhancing the sound insulation performance of the high-speed train thin-walled structure vibration damper.
[0036] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the embodiments shown throughout the text are only one of the embodiments of the present invention. The actual structure is not limited to this. In conclusion, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this description and designs a similar structure and embodiment without departing from the inventive spirit of the present invention, such design should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A thin-walled vibration damper for high-speed trains, characterized in that, include: A container (1) is provided with a partition (111) inside the container (1). The partition (111) divides the internal space of the container (1) into a first chamber (112) and a second chamber (113) in the thickness direction of the container (1). When the high-speed train thin-walled structure vibration damper is installed on the high-speed train thin-walled structure, the first chamber (112) is located between the second chamber (113) and the high-speed train thin-walled structure. Multiple first damping particles (2); Multiple second damping particles (3) are provided, wherein the particle size of the first damping particle (2) is larger than that of the second damping particle (3), and the multiple first damping particles (2) are disposed in the first chamber (112); the multiple second damping particles (3) are disposed in the second chamber (113).
2. The high-speed train thin-walled vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separator (111) is a polymer film.
3. The high-speed train thin-walled vibration damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the first chamber (112) and the second chamber (113) have buffer pads (4) on their walls.
4. The high-speed train thin-walled vibration damper according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The container (1) includes a box body (11) and a sealing cap (12). The sealing cap (12) is detachably fixed on the box body (11) for sealing the opening of the box body (11). The box body (11) is provided with a plurality of connecting ears (114) for connecting with the thin-walled structure of the high-speed train.
5. The high-speed train thin-walled vibration damper according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a flexible silicone sealing strip, which is disposed on the surface of the box body (11) facing the thin-walled structure of the high-speed train.
6. The high-speed train thin-walled vibration damper according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sound-insulating pad (5) is provided on the outer wall surface of the sealing cover (12). The sound-insulating pad (5) includes a sound-absorbing rubber layer (51), a damping sound-insulating film layer (52), and a sound-absorbing cotton layer (53) that are layered together by adhesive. The sound-absorbing rubber layer (51) has multiple air holes. The fiber structure of the sound-absorbing cotton layer (53) is wavy. The damping sound-insulating film layer (52) is located between the sound-absorbing rubber layer (51) and the sound-absorbing cotton layer (53). The sound-absorbing rubber layer (51) is located between the damping sound-insulating film layer (52) and the outer wall surface of the sealing cover (12).
7. The high-speed train thin-walled vibration damper according to claim 6, characterized in that, The damping and sound-insulating film layer (52) is made of a polymer.