Three-point self-centering clamping mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-point self-centering clamping mechanism which comprises a base. The oil cylinder is vertically arranged in the base; the centering seat is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the base through a fastener; the pushing pin is arranged in the centering seat through the oil cylinder in an up-down lifting mode, three guide grooves are formed in the outer side wall of the upper end of the pushing pin at intervals in the circumferential direction, the lower ends of the guide grooves are obliquely arranged outwards, lifting pins are installed in the guide grooves in a sliding mode, and pressing heads are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the lifting pins through fasteners. According to the utility model, the problems of poor size consistency and low precision of machined parts caused by complex clamping operation, easy clamping deformation and low part clamping alignment efficiency in the conventional machining of workpieces positioned by inner holes can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of clamping mechanism technology, specifically a three-point self-centering clamping mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In machining, workpiece clamping and positioning are crucial factors in ensuring machining quality. For workpieces positioned by their internal holes, the commonly used method in existing technology is to center the workpiece using a centering shaft. However, due to certain tolerances in the manufacturing process of the workpiece hole, a gap exists between the internal hole and the centering shaft. This gap can cause the workpiece to shift its center during positioning, thus affecting machining accuracy. To reduce this gap, workers may need to manually adjust the workpiece's position, which not only increases the operational difficulty but also makes it difficult to guarantee high-precision positioning every time. Therefore, a three-point self-centering clamping mechanism is needed to meet current application requirements. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model provides a three-point self-centering clamping mechanism, which can solve the problems of complex operation, easy deformation during clamping, low efficiency of part clamping and alignment, and poor dimensional consistency and low precision of the processed parts when machining workpieces positioned by the inner hole.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a three-point self-centering clamping mechanism, comprising a base; a hydraulic cylinder, which is vertically disposed within the base; a centering seat, which is fixedly disposed on the upper side of the base by fasteners; and a pusher, which is vertically movable within the centering seat by the hydraulic cylinder. Three guide grooves are spaced circumferentially on the outer wall of the upper end of the pusher, and the lower ends of the guide grooves are inclined outwards. A top pin is slidably installed within the guide groove, and a pressure head is fixedly connected to the outer side of the top pin by fasteners. By setting three top pins, three-point positioning is achieved, improving the positioning accuracy and stability of the workpiece. The hydraulic cylinder provides power, enabling the pusher to move vertically, thus achieving clamping and releasing operations on the workpiece.

[0005] Preferably, the bottom of the push rod is detachably provided with a push rod, which is connected to the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder, resulting in a simple structure and convenient connection.

[0006] Preferably, the inner side of the top pin is provided with a guide protrusion that matches the guide groove, which facilitates the installation and removal of the top pin on the pusher. The guide protrusion slides obliquely along the guide groove. The outer side of the top pin is provided with a mounting groove, and an adjusting shim is provided in the mounting groove on one side of the pressure head. By adjusting the shim, the clamping force between the pressure head and the workpiece can be easily adjusted to meet the clamping requirements of different workpieces.

[0007] Preferably, the base is provided with a first oil passage and a second oil passage connected to the oil cylinder, for controlling the lifting and lowering action of the oil cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the upper part of the centering seat is provided with a guide hole that matches the top pin, and the guide hole is used to install and position the top pin.

[0009] Preferably, the inner side of the pressure head is provided with a pin inserted into the top pin, which is used for positioning the pressure head and the top pin. The outer side of the pressure head is provided with anti-loosening teeth, which effectively prevent the pressure head from loosening during use and improve the reliability and safety of the clamping mechanism.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0011] With its simple structure and convenient operation, the three-point centering mechanism is compact, easy to install, and offers high repeatability and versatility. By using three top pins, it achieves three-point positioning, improving workpiece positioning accuracy and stability. A hydraulic cylinder provides power, allowing the clamping head to move up and down for clamping and releasing the workpiece. Adjustable shims allow for easy adjustment of the clamping force between the pressure head and the workpiece, meeting the clamping requirements of different workpieces. Anti-loosening teeth on the outside of the pressure head effectively prevent loosening during use, improving the reliability and safety of the clamping mechanism. It automatically adjusts the workpiece position, ensuring precise alignment between the workpiece's inner hole and the centering shaft, reducing positioning errors, minimizing manual adjustment steps, simplifying the operation process, and lowering operational difficulty. By improving positioning accuracy, the automatic centering mechanism helps ensure the dimensional and shape accuracy of the workpiece, improving product quality. It solves the problems of complex clamping methods, easy deformation during clamping, and low efficiency in part clamping and alignment for workpieces with inner hole positioning, resulting in poor dimensional consistency and low accuracy of the machined parts. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram for the promotion of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the top pin of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the centering seat of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the pressure head of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the base of this utility model.

[0020] Figure label:

[0021] 1. Push rod, 2. Push rod, 21. Guide groove, 3. Top pin, 31. Guide protrusion, 32. Mounting groove, 4. Centering seat, 41. Guide hole, 5. Pressure head, 51. Pin, 52. Anti-loosening tooth, 6. Adjusting shim, 7. Base, 71. First oil passage, 72. Second oil passage, 8. Oil cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1-8 As shown, this utility model addresses the problems of complex clamping methods, easy deformation during clamping, and low efficiency in workpiece alignment when machining workpieces with internal hole positioning, resulting in poor dimensional consistency and low precision after machining. The following technical solution is provided: a three-point self-centering clamping mechanism, including a base 7; a hydraulic cylinder 8 vertically disposed within the base 7; a centering seat 4 fixedly disposed on the upper side of the base 7 by fasteners; and a pusher 2, which can be vertically moved within the centering seat 4 via the hydraulic cylinder 8. Three guide grooves 21 are spaced circumferentially on the upper outer wall of the pusher 2, with the lower ends of the guide grooves 21 inclined outwards. A top pin 3 is slidably installed within the guide grooves 21, and a pressure head 5 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the top pin 3 by fasteners. By setting three top pins 3, three-point positioning is achieved, improving the positioning accuracy and stability of the workpiece. The hydraulic cylinder 8 provides power, enabling the pusher 2 to move vertically, realizing the clamping and releasing operations of the workpiece.

[0024] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the push rod 2 is detachably equipped with a push rod 1, which is connected to the movable end of the oil cylinder 8. The structure is simple and the connection is convenient.

[0025] In this embodiment, as Figure 3As shown, the inner side of the top pin 3 is provided with a guide protrusion 31 that matches the guide groove 21, which facilitates the installation and removal of the top pin 3 on the push pin 2. The guide protrusion 31 slides obliquely along the guide groove 21. The outer side of the top pin 3 is provided with a mounting groove 32. An adjusting shim 6 is provided in the mounting groove 32 on one side of the pressure head 5. By adjusting the shim 6, the clamping force between the pressure head 5 and the workpiece can be easily adjusted to meet the clamping requirements of different workpieces.

[0026] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 As shown, the base 7 is provided with a first oil passage 71 and a second oil passage 72 that are connected to the oil cylinder 8, for controlling the lifting and lowering action of the oil cylinder 8.

[0027] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the upper part of the centering seat 4 is provided with a guide hole 41 that matches the top pin 3. The guide hole 41 is used to install and position the top pin 3.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 As shown, the inner side of the pressure head 5 is provided with a pin 51 inserted into the top pin 3. The pin 51 is used for positioning the pressure head 5 and the top pin 3. The outer side of the pressure head 5 is provided with an anti-loosening tooth 52. The anti-loosening tooth 52 effectively prevents the pressure head from loosening during use, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the clamping mechanism.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 1-3 As shown, during use, the workpiece is mounted on the centering seat 4. When clamping the workpiece, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 8 pushes the push rod 1 upward, which in turn causes the push pin 2 to rise. The guide groove 21 and the guide protrusion 31 cooperate to move the three top pins 3 outward along the guide hole 41 to clamp the workpiece. When releasing the workpiece, the hydraulic cylinder 8 pulls the push rod 1 downward, which in turn causes the push pin 2 to pull down. Simultaneously, under the action of the guide groove 21 and the guide protrusion 31, the top pins 3 retract along the guide hole 41 on the centering seat 4, releasing the workpiece. When the hydraulic cylinder 8 pulls down the push rod 1, there is an axial clearance between the push rod 1 and the push pin 2, reducing the damage to the push pin 2 caused by the brief impact force during the pull-down process. By adjusting the position of the shim 6, it is possible to adapt to workpieces of different thicknesses. The inclined setting of the guide groove 21 allows the top pin 3 to automatically center itself during the rise of the push pin 2, improving the clamping accuracy.

[0030] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0031] Furthermore, in this utility model, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically defined.

[0032] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixing" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A three-point self-centering clamping mechanism, characterized in that, include: Base (7); The hydraulic cylinder (8) is vertically installed inside the base (7); Centering seat (4), which is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the base (7) by fasteners; The pusher (2) is installed in the centering seat (4) by means of the oil cylinder (8). Three guide grooves (21) are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction on the upper outer wall of the pusher (2). The lower end of the guide groove (21) is inclined outward. A top pin (3) is slidably installed in the guide groove (21). A pressure head (5) is fixedly connected to the outside of the top pin (3) by fasteners.

2. The three-point self-centering clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the pusher (2) is detachably provided with a push rod (1), which is connected to the movable end of the oil cylinder (8).

3. The three-point self-centering clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top pin (3) has a guide protrusion (31) that matches the guide groove (21) on its inner side, and an installation groove (32) is provided on the outer side of the top pin (3). An adjustment shim (6) is provided in the installation groove (32) on one side of the pressure head (5).

4. The three-point self-centering clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (7) is provided with a first oil passage (71) and a second oil passage (72) that are connected to the oil cylinder (8).

5. The three-point self-centering clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the centering seat (4) is provided with a guide hole (41) that matches the top pin (3).

6. The three-point self-centering clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the pressure head (5) is provided with a pin (51) inserted into the top pin (3), and the outer side of the pressure head (5) is provided with anti-loosening teeth (52).

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