Demonstrator for exploring working principle of direct-current motor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a DC motor working principle exploration demonstrator comprising a pedestal, a square support frame enclosed by stainless steel plates is arranged on the pedestal, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a third rotating shaft which are sequentially arranged on the same plane are respectively arranged between the top of the support frame and the pedestal, and an annular brass conduit is arranged on the second rotating shaft. The bottom of the brass conduit is provided with a section of insulating connector to connect the open part of the bottom of the brass conduit into a closed structure, the brass conduit is located between the first rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft, and the middle parts of the first rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft are provided with opposite magnets. The demonstration instrument is good in visuality of demonstrating the working principle of the direct-current motor, and can manually change the magnetic field and the current direction.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to electrical teaching aid technical field, concretely relates to direct current motor working principle inquiry demonstrator. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the teaching process of the working principle of the direct current motor, especially the law of the force direction change of the current in the magnetic field is difficult to understand, when using the existing motor model to demonstrate its principle, the change of the current and the current direction is relatively abstract, the intuitiveness is poor, and the teaching effect is not good. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned insufficient, the main purpose of the utility model is to provide direct current motor working principle inquiry demonstrator, can simulate the force direction of the coil under the electrified state through the copper pipe coil, still can change the force and working principle of the coil through the continuous change of the magnetic field direction or the change of the current direction, and the visibility is good.

[0004] The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme of the utility model:

[0005] Direct current motor working principle inquiry demonstrator, including base, square support frame is surrounded by being set up through stainless steel plate on the base, first rotating shaft, second rotating shaft and third rotating shaft are arranged in sequence in the same plane between the top of support frame and base respectively, annular brass conduit is set up on the second rotating shaft, a section of insulating connecting body is arranged at the bottom of brass conduit, and the open part at the bottom of brass conduit is connected as a closed structure, the brass conduit is located in the middle of first rotating shaft and third rotating shaft, and the middle part of first rotating shaft and third rotating shaft is provided with opposite magnets.

[0006] Preferably, the second rotating shaft is rotatable, the second rotating shaft is divided into three parts, which are upper part, middle part and lower part, the upper part and the lower part are conductors, and the middle part is an insulator, the upper part and the contact part of the brass conduit are provided with an insulating skin or an insulating sleeve,

[0007] The upper part of the second rotating shaft is connected to one side of the bottom of the brass conduit by a wire, and the other side of the bottom of the brass conduit is also connected to the lower part of the second rotating shaft by a wire.

[0008] Preferably, the top of the second rotating shaft passes through the top of the support frame, the top of the support frame is provided with a brush piece, the brush piece is in contact with the top of the second rotating shaft, and the bottom of the second rotating shaft is provided with a metal groove.

[0009] Preferably, the first and third rotating shafts are rotatable, the top of the first and third rotating shafts is connected by a pulley and driven by a belt, and a manual crank is further arranged on the pulley of the first rotating shaft or the second rotating shaft.

[0010] The metal groove on the base is preferably connected with the brush sheet through an external power supply and is provided with a double-pole double-throw switch or a reverse switch.

[0011] The utility model discloses a beneficial effect: the utility model discloses through setting rotatable first, second and third pivot, can when brass conduit rotates, manual change magnetic field direction, make brass conduit do continuous rotation, also can keep first and third pivot unmoved, change power direction, make brass conduit do continuous rotation in the energized magnetic field, through change power connection direction, connect the brush sheet of two ports, let the current automatic commutation, realize brass conduit line frame continuous rotation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is the whole state structure diagram of the utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 It is the main view state structure diagram of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 It is the brass pipe wiring trend and second pivot enlarged structure schematic diagram;

[0015] In the drawing: 1, base, 2, support frame, 3, first pivot, 4, second pivot, 5, third pivot, 6, brass conduit, 7, insulating connecting body, 8, metal groove, 9, magnet, 10, pulley, 11, belt, 12, manual crank, 13, brush sheet, 14, insulating skin, 15. port, 16, insulating sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0017] Referring to Figure 1 And Figure 2 The utility model discloses a DC motor working principle explores demonstrator, including base 1, the base is insulator, the base 1 below is provided with support leg, the base 1 is provided with square support frame 2 that surrounds through stainless steel plate,

[0018] The top of the support frame 2 and the base 1 are respectively provided with a first pivot 3, a second pivot 4 and a third pivot 5 arranged in sequence in the same plane,

[0019] The second rotating shaft 4 is provided with an annular brass conduit 6, preferably a single-gate wire frame made of brass conduit, which is placed vertically and is easier to rotate. The bottom of the brass conduit 6 is provided with two non-closed ports 15, and an insulating connecting body 7 is arranged in the middle to connect the two ports 15 into a closed structure. The second rotating shaft 4 penetrates the insulating connecting body 7,

[0020] The brass conduit 6 is located between the first rotating shaft 3 and the third rotating shaft 5, and the middle parts of the first and third rotating shafts are provided with opposite magnets 9, so that the brass conduit 6 is located between the magnetic fields of the two magnets.

[0021] The working principle of the direct current motor is that the energized coil is subjected to the action of the Ampere force in the magnetic field, so that the coil rotates.

[0022] As a realizable mode, the second rotating shaft 4 can rotate, and the second rotating shaft 4 is divided into three parts, namely the upper part, the middle part and the lower part. The upper part and the lower part are conductors, and the middle part is an insulator. The upper part and the lower part are preferably beryllium copper rods to prevent magnetization. The middle part can be selected from a glass fiber rod. The beryllium copper rod and the glass fiber rod are connected by a brass pipe. An insulating skin or an insulating sleeve is arranged on the brass pipe in contact with the upper part. The upper part can directly penetrate the brass conduit.

[0023] In order to enable the brass conduit 6 to continuously rotate in the magnetic field, the brass conduit needs to pass current. The upper part of the second rotating shaft 4 is connected to one side of the bottom of the brass conduit 6 (one end of the insulating connecting body) through a wire, and the other side of the bottom of the brass conduit 6 is also connected to the lower part of the second rotating shaft 4 through a wire.

[0024] Further, the top of the second rotating shaft 4 penetrates the circular hole in the top of the support frame, and the top of the support frame is provided with a brush piece 13. The brush piece 13 is in elastic contact with the top of the second rotating shaft 4. The bottom of the second rotating shaft 4 is provided with a metal groove 8, so that the second rotating shaft 4 rotates in the metal groove 8 on the base. The metal groove 8 is smooth, which can conduct electricity and also has a supporting effect, and the friction is very small.

[0025] Preferably, the first and third rotating shafts can rotate, and the tops of the first and third rotating shafts are connected by a belt wheel 10 and are driven by a belt 11. A manual crank 12 is also arranged on the belt wheel of the first rotating shaft or the second rotating shaft.

[0026] As a realizable mode, an external power supply is arranged between the metal groove 8 and the brush piece 13, and a double-pole double-throw switch or a reverse switch is arranged.

[0027] Preferably, the upper and lower ends of the second rotating shaft 4 are needle-shaped, which is easy to conduct electricity and has very small friction.

[0028] Reference Figure 3The schematic diagram of the connection of the brass conduit coil is shown in the figure, in use, the wire is connected to the brush piece 13, the other end of the wire is connected to the metal groove 8, the current is passed through the wire, at this time, the annular current is formed in the brass conduit, the rotation is realized, it should be noted that the wire has an insulating skin.

[0029] After the circuit is connected, the reverse switch is closed, first, the brass conduit coil cannot continuously rotate but only swings back and forth under the condition that the current direction is unchanged, the closing end of the switch is changed, thereby the current direction passed through the coil is changed, it is found that the rotation direction of the coil is changed, but the coil still swings back and forth. The students are guided to think how to make it continuously rotate. The students think that if the magnetic field direction is changed when the coil returns, will it continuously rotate. The two magnets of the device can be connected through the crank, the belt pulley and the belt, thereby the magnetic field direction is changed, so that the coil continuously rotates under the condition that the current direction is unchanged.

[0030] If the magnetic field direction is unchanged and the current direction is changed, can the brass conduit coil continuously rotate, the device is provided with a reverse switch (double-pole double-throw switch), the current direction in the brass conduit coil can be changed when needed, thereby the coil continuously rotates. The above two methods are very troublesome, how to automatically change the current direction to make the coil continuously rotate, the two brushes of the device are pulled and contacted with the two copper pipes at the lower end of the coil, when the coil rotates, the current direction in the coil can be automatically changed, thereby the coil continuously rotates (for the convenience of observation, the wire brushes of the two ports at the bottom of the annular brass conduit are not displayed, and automatic rotation is realized, the two ends of the current need to be connected to the two brush port at the bottom to realize, which is equivalent to a commutator).

[0031] This is the working principle of the current DC motor. The teaching aid can guide the students to think progressively about the invention process of the working principle of the DC motor, facilitate the inspiration of scientific thinking, cultivate the spirit of scientific exploration, and also facilitate the understanding of the working principle of the DC motor.

[0032] One or more embodiments of the present specification are intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications and variations falling within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of the present specification shall be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A direct current motor working principle exploration demonstrator, comprising a base (1), a square support frame (2) surrounded by a stainless steel plate is arranged on the base, characterized in that, first, second and third rotating shafts (3), (4) and (5) are arranged in sequence between the top of the support frame and the base, and the three rotating shafts are in the same plane, an annular brass conduit (6) is fixed on the second rotating shaft, the bottom of the brass conduit is two unclosed ports (15), and the brass conduit is connected as a closed structure by an insulating connecting body (7) between the two ports, the brass conduit is located between the first and third rotating shafts, and the middle parts of the first and third rotating shafts are provided with opposite magnets (9).

2. The DC motor working principle exploration demonstrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second rotating shaft is rotatable, and the second rotating shaft is divided into three parts, i.e. upper, middle and lower parts, the upper and lower parts are conductors, and the middle part is an insulator, the upper part and the contact part of the brass conduit are provided with an insulating skin (14) or an insulating sleeve (16), the upper part of the second rotating shaft is connected to one port at the bottom of the brass conduit through a wire, and the other port is also connected to the lower part of the second rotating shaft through a wire.

3. The DC motor working principle exploration demonstrator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the second rotating shaft passes through the top of the support frame, the top of the support frame is provided with a brush piece (13), the brush piece is in contact with the top of the second rotating shaft, and the bottom of the second rotating shaft is provided with a metal groove (8).

4. The DC motor working principle inquiry demonstrator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first and third rotating shafts are rotatable, the top of the first and third rotating shafts is connected by a belt wheel (10) and is driven by a belt (11), and a manual handle (12) is further arranged on the belt wheel of the first or third rotating shaft.

5. The DC motor working principle exploration demonstrator according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, An external power supply is arranged between the metal groove and the brush piece on the base, and a double-pole double-throw switch or a reverse switch is arranged.

6. The DC motor working principle exploration demonstrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base is an insulator.

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