Driving device for electric loader and electric loader

Abstract

The driving device comprises a single driving motor, a front transmission shaft, a rear transmission shaft, a front axle and a rear axle, a front output shaft of the driving motor is directly connected with the front transmission shaft to drive the front axle, and a rear output shaft of the driving motor is directly connected with the rear transmission shaft to drive the rear axle; no speed change structure exists between the driving motor and the front transmission shaft and the rear transmission shaft, and the rotating speeds of the driving motor and the front transmission shaft and the rear transmission shaft are always kept consistent. According to the utility model, the parasitic power loss between the driving motors is reduced by adopting a single motor; the arrangement of the high-voltage wiring harness and the radiating pipeline is simpler; a wider torque and rotating speed operation range is achieved; the control of output power is accurate and stable, and the synchronization degree and the power distribution relation among the motors do not need to be considered; the heat dissipation space of the motor single body is larger, and the temperature rise performance is better. The transmission efficiency is higher, and the failure rate is lower; the control precision is high, gear shifting time delay is avoided, and rapid switching of various working condition modes can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of vehicle motor drive technology, specifically relating to a drive device for an electric loader and an electric loader. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the drive systems of electric loaders are mainly divided into single / multiple motor drive schemes with gearboxes and multi-motor direct drive schemes. Gearbox drive schemes suffer from low transmission efficiency, high failure rates, poor control precision, shift delays, and an inability to quickly switch between various operating modes. Multi-motor direct drive schemes suffer from parasitic power losses among multiple drive motors; multi-motor systems are complex, occupy large spaces, and have complex high-voltage wiring harnesses and cooling pipe layouts, posing higher safety risks; the torque and speed operating ranges of the motors are generally narrow, typically operating in low-efficiency ranges; output power control is complex, requiring consideration of the synchronization and power distribution relationships between the motors. Both schemes involve multi-stage power transmission, which can lead to power transmission instability due to design, manufacturing, and vibration factors; single motors and gearboxes have small heat dissipation spaces, narrow flow channels, and small heat exchange areas, resulting in poor temperature rise performance and significant heat loss. Utility Model Content

[0003] Purpose of the utility model: To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a drive device for an electric loader and an electric loader.

[0004] Technical solution: The present invention provides a drive device for an electric loader, comprising a single drive motor, a front drive shaft, a rear drive shaft, a front axle, and a rear axle. The front output shaft of the drive motor is directly connected to the front drive shaft to drive the front axle, and the rear output shaft of the drive motor is directly connected to the rear drive shaft to drive the rear axle. There is no speed change structure between the drive motor and the front and rear drive shafts, and the rotational speed of the drive motor and the front and rear drive shafts remains consistent.

[0005] Furthermore, the drive motor includes a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a switched reluctance motor, and an AC asynchronous motor.

[0006] Furthermore, the rotor of the drive motor includes a single rotor coil and dual rotor coils.

[0007] Furthermore, when the drive motor rotor is a single rotor coil, it is composed of one rotor coil and one stator.

[0008] Alternatively, when the drive motor rotor is a dual-rotor coil, it is composed of two rotor coils and a stator, with the rotor windings of the two rotor coils located on the same shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive motor has a separate structure for the motor and the electronic control unit or an integrated structure for the motor and the electronic control unit.

[0010] In the motor-controller split structure, the drive motor 1 and the motor controller are two separate components that do not share a housing. The three-phase wires and low-voltage wiring harness between the drive motor 1 and the motor controller are externally connected. The three-phase wires between the drive motor and the motor controller include, but are not limited to, one set. When there is more than one set of three-phase wires, the wires of the same phase are connected in parallel as one set after entering the drive motor.

[0011] In the integrated motor-electric control structure, the drive motor 1 and the motor controller are a single component, sharing a common housing. The three-phase wires and low-voltage wiring harness between the drive motor 1 and the motor controller are internally connected.

[0012] This utility model also discloses an electric loader, including a body and four wheels. The drive device is located at the bottom of the body, and the four wheels are respectively located at both ends of the front axle and the rear axle.

[0013] Beneficial Effects: Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this utility model has the following significant advantages: The drive device of this utility model adopts a single motor direct drive structure. 1. Compared with multiple motors, using a single motor avoids the instability of power transmission caused by design, processing, and vibration in the multi-stage power transmission process; reduces parasitic power loss between drive motors; the single motor system occupies less space, and the high-voltage wiring harness and heat dissipation pipe layout are simpler; the single motor has a wider torque and speed operating range, and the high efficiency range is closer to the working range of the loader than multiple motors; the output power control is precise and stable, without the need to consider the synchronization and power distribution relationship between various motors; the heat dissipation space of the individual motor is larger, and the temperature rise performance is better. 2. Compared with the gearbox solution, the single motor direct drive has higher transmission efficiency and lower failure rate; high control precision, no shift delay, and can realize rapid switching of various working modes. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drive device for an electric loader according to the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a single-unit three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor;

[0016] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a dual-group three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the single-motor direct drive control method for the drive device of the electric loader according to this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the following embodiments are only used to describe the content of the utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of this utility model.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model discloses a drive device for an electric loader, including a single drive motor 1, a front drive shaft 2, a rear drive shaft 3, a front axle 4, and a rear axle 5. The front output shaft of the drive motor 1 is directly connected to the front drive shaft 2 to drive the front axle 4, and the rear output shaft of the drive motor 1 is directly connected to the rear drive shaft 3 to drive the rear axle 5. There is no speed change structure between the drive motor 1 and the front drive shaft 2 and the rear drive shaft 3, and the rotational speed of the drive motor 1 and the front drive shaft 2 and the rear drive shaft 3 is always consistent.

[0020] The drive motor 1 can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a switched reluctance motor, or an AC asynchronous motor.

[0021] The rotor of the drive motor 1 is a single rotor coil or a dual rotor coil.

[0022] In one specific embodiment, the rotor is a single rotor coil, and the drive motor 1 is composed of a rotor coil and a stator.

[0023] In another specific embodiment, the drive motor 1 is composed of two rotor coils and a stator, with the rotor windings of the two rotor coils located on the same shaft.

[0024] The drive motor 1 has a separate structure for the motor and the electronic control unit or an integrated structure for the motor and the electronic control unit.

[0025] In one specific embodiment, in the motor-controller split structure, the drive motor 1 and the motor controller are two separate components that do not share a housing. The three-phase wires and low-voltage wiring harness between the drive motor 1 and the motor controller are externally connected. The three-phase wires between the drive motor 1 and the motor controller include, but are not limited to, one set. When there is more than one set of three-phase wires, the wires of the same phase are connected in parallel as one set after entering the drive motor.

[0026] In another specific embodiment, the drive motor 1 and the motor controller in the integrated motor-electric control structure are a single component, sharing a common housing, and the three-phase wires and low-voltage wiring harness between the drive motor 1 and the motor controller are internally connected.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a single-phase three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a dual-group three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor.

[0028] This utility model also provides an electric loader, including a body and four wheels. The drive device is located at the bottom of the body, and the four wheels are respectively located at both ends of the front axle 4 and the rear axle 5.

[0029] like Figure 4 The diagram shows a single-motor direct-drive control method for an electric loader according to this utility model, comprising the following steps:

[0030] Step 001: The system performs an initialization check to determine if the vehicle is in normal operating condition. If yes, proceed to step 002; otherwise, proceed to step 007.

[0031] Step 002: Set the external characteristic curve of the whole machine driving system according to the working condition / mode selection switch provided by the human-machine interface (including but not limited to the display screen, membrane switch panel, rocker switch panel).

[0032] Step 003: Construct a torque control matrix based on the selected external characteristic curve of the whole machine driving system and the efficiency MAP of the drive motor system.

[0033] Step 004: Calculate the overall output torque requirement based on the accelerator pedal opening and brake pedal opening, combined with the torque control matrix.

[0034] Step 005: Request torque based on motor external characteristics and torque control matrix.

[0035] Step 006: The motor outputs torque as requested.

[0036] Step 007: The system stops running.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drive unit for an electric loader, characterized in that, It includes a single drive motor (1), a front drive shaft (2), a rear drive shaft (3), a front axle (4), and a rear axle (5). The front output shaft of the drive motor (1) is directly connected to the front drive shaft (2) to drive the front axle (4), and the rear output shaft of the drive motor (1) is directly connected to the rear drive shaft (3) to drive the rear axle (5). There is no speed change structure between the drive motor (1) and the front drive shaft (2) and the rear drive shaft (3), and the speed of the drive motor (1) and the front drive shaft (2) and the rear drive shaft (3) is always consistent.

2. The drive device for an electric loader according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive motor (1) includes a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a switched reluctance motor, and an AC asynchronous motor.

3. The drive device for an electric loader according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor of the drive motor (1) is a single rotor coil or a dual rotor coil.

4. The drive unit for an electric loader according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the rotor of the drive motor (1) is a single rotor coil, it is composed of a rotor coil and a stator.

5. The drive unit for an electric loader according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the rotor of the drive motor (1) is a dual rotor coil, it is composed of two rotor coils and a stator, and the rotor windings of the two rotor coils are located on the same shaft.

6. The drive unit for an electric loader according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structure of the drive motor (1) is either a separate motor-electric control structure or an integrated motor-electric control structure.

7. The drive unit for an electric loader according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the motor-controller split structure, the drive motor (1) and the motor controller are two separate components that do not share a housing. The three-phase wires and low-voltage wiring harness between the drive motor (1) and the motor controller are connected externally.

8. The drive unit for an electric loader according to claim 7, characterized in that, The three-phase wires between the drive motor (1) and the motor controller include, but are not limited to, one set. When there is more than one set of three-phase wires, the same-phase wires are connected in parallel as one set after entering the drive motor.

9. The drive unit for an electric loader according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the integrated motor-electric control structure, the drive motor (1) and the motor controller are a single component, sharing a common housing. The three-phase wires and low-voltage wiring harness between the drive motor (1) and the motor controller are connected internally.

10. An electric loader, comprising a body and four wheels, characterized in that, The drive unit as described in any one of claims 1-9 is located at the bottom of the vehicle body, and the four wheels are respectively located at both ends of the front axle (4) and the rear axle (5).

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