Power supply circuit
By designing a redundant power supply circuit structure and a fault early warning mechanism, the redundancy and robustness issues of the power supply in the rail transit braking system were solved, the safety level of the power supply circuit was improved and fault monitoring was achieved, and the safety and reliability of the braking system were ensured.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423091065.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-13
AI Technical Summary
The power supply of existing rail transit braking systems has insufficient redundancy and poor isolation, resulting in poor shock robustness and failing to meet the functional safety level SIL3 requirements.
A power supply circuit was designed, including a first voltage conversion circuit, a second voltage conversion circuit, a third voltage conversion circuit, and a fourth voltage conversion circuit. The circuit converts the power supply from two vehicles into two different output voltages, which are then connected in parallel as the final output. A fault warning circuit is also provided to improve redundancy and robustness.
The redundancy and impact robustness of the power supply circuit are improved, ensuring that the safety level of the power supply circuit reaches SIL3, and it has a fault warning function, thus guaranteeing the safety and reliability of the braking system.
Smart Images
Figure CN223553087U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to power supply circuits. Background Technology
[0002] Rail transit braking systems typically employ digital / analog electro-pneumatic braking, integrating functions such as service braking, emergency braking, anti-skid control, and brake management into a single control unit. These systems have extremely high safety requirements and serve as the last line of defense for vehicle safety. Especially with the current trend towards autonomous driving and system integration, increasingly stringent safety requirements are being placed on vehicle braking systems. Furthermore, the safety of the power supply within the braking system is paramount. For the entire braking system, the power supply board components must meet the SIL3 safety standard.
[0003] The specific function of the power supply module in the rail transit braking system is to receive DC 110V power from the vehicle and then convert it into different voltage systems such as C24V, P24V, and 5V. Simultaneously, functional safety must meet the SIL3 safety level.
[0004] Currently, some power supplies used in braking systems suffer from insufficient redundancy, poor isolation, and poor shock resistance, thus failing to truly meet functional safety requirements.
[0005] This section is intended to provide background or context for the embodiments of the present invention set forth in the claims. The description herein does not constitute an admission that it is prior art simply because it is included in this section. Utility Model Content
[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a power supply circuit that can solve at least some of the aforementioned technical problems.
[0007] This utility model provides a power supply circuit, including a first voltage conversion circuit, a second voltage conversion circuit, a third voltage conversion circuit, and a fourth voltage conversion circuit; wherein...
[0008] The input terminal of the first voltage conversion circuit is connected to the first power supply terminal, the input terminal of the second voltage conversion circuit is connected to the second power supply terminal, and the output terminals of the first voltage conversion circuit and the second voltage conversion circuit are connected to output the first voltage;
[0009] The input terminal of the third voltage conversion circuit is connected to the first voltage conversion circuit, the input terminal of the fourth voltage conversion circuit is connected to the second voltage conversion circuit, and the output terminal of the third voltage conversion circuit and the output terminal of the fourth voltage conversion circuit are connected to output a second voltage.
[0010] In some embodiments, the first voltage conversion circuit includes a first fuse, a first EMC module, a first power conversion module, and a first diode connected in series; the second voltage conversion circuit includes a second fuse, a second EMC module, a second power conversion module, and a second diode connected in series.
[0011] In some embodiments, the input terminal of the first fuse is connected to the first power supply terminal, the input terminal of the second fuse is connected to the second power supply terminal, and the output terminals of the first diode and the second diode are connected to output the first voltage.
[0012] In some embodiments, a third diode is further included, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the first diode and the output terminal of the second diode, respectively, and the output terminal of the third diode outputs a third voltage.
[0013] In some embodiments, the third voltage conversion circuit includes a third power conversion module and a first ideal diode connected in series; the fourth voltage conversion circuit includes a fourth power conversion module and a second ideal diode connected in series.
[0014] In some embodiments, the input terminal of the third power conversion module is connected to the output terminal of the first power conversion module, the input terminal of the fourth power conversion module is connected to the output terminal of the second power conversion module, and the output terminal of the first ideal diode and the output terminal of the second ideal diode are connected to output the second voltage.
[0015] In some embodiments, a fault warning circuit is further included, which is connected to the third voltage conversion circuit and the fourth voltage conversion circuit respectively, and issues a fault warning signal when an abnormal signal is detected.
[0016] In some embodiments, the fault warning circuit includes a first Zener diode, a second Zener diode, a first transistor, a second transistor, and a third transistor; wherein,
[0017] The first terminal of the first Zener diode is connected to the output terminal of the third power conversion module, and the second terminal of the first Zener diode is connected to the base of the first transistor.
[0018] The first terminal of the second Zener diode is connected to the output terminal of the fourth power conversion module, and the second terminal of the second Zener diode is connected to the base of the second transistor.
[0019] The collector of the first transistor is connected to the output terminal of the first voltage conversion circuit and the output terminal of the second voltage conversion circuit, and the emitter of the first transistor is grounded.
[0020] The collector of the second transistor is connected to the output terminal of the first voltage conversion circuit and the output terminal of the second voltage conversion circuit, and the emitter of the second transistor is grounded;
[0021] The base of the third transistor is connected to the collector of the first transistor and the collector of the second transistor, the emitter of the third transistor is grounded, and the collector of the third transistor outputs a fault warning signal.
[0022] In some embodiments, the first voltage includes a 24V DC voltage, and the second voltage includes a 5V DC voltage.
[0023] In some embodiments, the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal includes a 110V DC voltage, and the voltage provided by the second power supply terminal includes a 110V DC voltage.
[0024] The power supply circuit provided in this embodiment receives power from two vehicle sources, which are then converted into two output voltages by two voltage conversion circuits. These two output voltages are connected in parallel as the final output, which is then used by other components of the braking system. Therefore, this invention designs a new redundant architecture based on the widely used redundant architecture of existing power supply circuits (power supply modules), resulting in better redundancy, better shock resistance, and better reliability of the entire power supply circuit. It also improves the safety level of the power supply circuit while maintaining simplicity. Attached Figure Description
[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a third voltage conversion circuit and a fourth voltage conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a fault warning circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments and their descriptions are used to explain this application, but are not intended to limit this application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily arranged.
[0030] The terms “first,” “second,” etc., used in this document are not intended to specifically refer to order or sequence, nor are they used to limit this application; they are merely used to distinguish elements or operations described using the same technical terms.
[0031] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.
[0032] The use of “and / or” in this document includes any or all of the items mentioned.
[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit 01 provided in this embodiment of the present invention includes a first voltage conversion circuit 10, a second voltage conversion circuit 20, a third voltage conversion circuit 30, and a fourth voltage conversion circuit 40; wherein,
[0034] The input terminal of the first voltage conversion circuit 10 is connected to the first power supply terminal, the input terminal of the second voltage conversion circuit 20 is connected to the second power supply terminal, and the output terminal of the first voltage conversion circuit 10 and the output terminal of the second voltage conversion circuit 20 are connected to output the first voltage;
[0035] The input terminal of the third voltage conversion circuit 30 is connected to the first voltage conversion circuit 10, the input terminal of the fourth voltage conversion circuit 40 is connected to the second voltage conversion circuit 20, and the output terminal of the third voltage conversion circuit 30 and the output terminal of the fourth voltage conversion circuit 40 are connected to output a second voltage.
[0036] The power supply circuit provided in this embodiment receives power from two vehicle sources, which are then converted into two output voltages by two voltage conversion circuits. These two output voltages are connected in parallel as the final output, which is then used by other components of the braking system. Therefore, this invention designs a new redundant architecture based on the widely used redundant architecture of existing power supply circuits (power supply modules), resulting in better redundancy, better shock resistance, and better reliability of the entire power supply circuit. It also improves the safety level of the power supply circuit while maintaining simplicity.
[0037] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the first voltage conversion circuit 10 includes a first fuse 11, a first EMC module 12, a first power conversion module 13, and a first diode 14 connected in series; the second voltage conversion circuit 20 includes a second fuse 21, a second EMC module 22, a second power conversion module 23, and a second diode 24 connected in series.
[0038] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit 01 of this utility model receives two DC110V power supplies from the vehicle, DC110V_1 and DC110V_2. These power supplies then pass through fuses to the subsequent protection and filtering module (EMC module). The protection and filtering module prevents surge impacts, prolonged high-voltage surges, and eliminates voltage ripple noise. The power is then converted into C24V_1 and C24V_2 voltage formats by two identical DC110V to DC24V power conversion modules. The C24V_1 and C24V_2 signals are then paralleled by diodes to form a C24V signal, which is output to other components of the braking system, such as powering the braking system's control devices.
[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the input terminal of the first fuse 11 is connected to the first power supply terminal, the input terminal of the second fuse 21 is connected to the second power supply terminal, and the output terminal of the first diode 14 and the output terminal of the second diode 24 are connected to output the first voltage.
[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the power supply circuit 01 further includes a third diode 50, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the first diode 14 and the output terminal of the second diode 24 respectively, and the output terminal of the third diode 50 outputs a third voltage.
[0041] For example, the third voltage can be a P24V voltage, which can be used to power the power devices of the braking system.
[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the third voltage conversion circuit 30 includes a third power conversion module 31 and a first ideal diode 32 connected in series; the fourth voltage conversion circuit 40 includes a fourth power conversion module 41 and a second ideal diode 42 connected in series.
[0043] like Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the input terminal of the third power conversion module 31 is connected to the output terminal of the first power conversion module 13, the input terminal of the fourth power conversion module 41 is connected to the output terminal of the second power conversion module 23, and the output terminal of the first ideal diode 32 and the output terminal of the second ideal diode 42 are connected to output the second voltage.
[0044] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the C24V_1 and C24V_2 signals are then converted into 5V_1 and 5V_2 voltage formats respectively by two identical DC24V to DC5V power conversion modules. The 5V_1 and 5V_2 signals are then respectively paralleled by ideal diodes to form a 5V signal, which is output to other components of the braking system. Each of these ideal diodes can be controlled by a microcontroller. When the 5V_1 signal is higher than the 5V signal, the first DC24V to DC5V power conversion circuit operates; when the 5V_2 signal is higher than the 5V signal, the second DC24V to DC5V power conversion circuit operates. In other words, the circuit containing the higher of the 5V_1 and 5V_2 signals conducts. This reduces the forward voltage drop of the 5V_1 and 5V_2 outputs, ensuring a smooth, oscillating current output.
[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the power supply circuit 01 further includes a fault warning circuit 60, which is connected to the third voltage conversion circuit 30 and the fourth voltage conversion circuit 40 respectively, and issues a fault warning signal when an abnormal signal is detected.
[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the fault warning circuit 60 includes a first Zener diode 61, a second Zener diode 62, a first transistor 63, a second transistor 64, and a third transistor 65; wherein,
[0047] The first terminal of the first Zener diode 61 is connected to the output terminal of the third power conversion module 31, and the second terminal of the first Zener diode 61 is connected to the base of the first transistor 63.
[0048] The first end of the second Zener diode 62 is connected to the output end of the fourth power conversion module 41, and the second end of the second Zener diode 62 is connected to the base of the second transistor 64.
[0049] The collector of the first transistor 63 is connected to the output terminal of the first voltage conversion circuit 10 and the output terminal of the second voltage conversion circuit 20, and the emitter of the first transistor 63 is grounded.
[0050] The collector of the second transistor 64 is connected to the output terminal of the first voltage conversion circuit 10 and the output terminal of the second voltage conversion circuit 20, and the emitter of the second transistor 64 is grounded.
[0051] The base of the third transistor 65 is connected to the collector of the first transistor 63 and the collector of the second transistor 64, the emitter of the third transistor 65 is grounded, and the collector of the third transistor 65 outputs a fault warning signal.
[0052] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fault warning circuit 60 collects two signals, 5V_1 and 5V_2. The two signals pass through Zener diodes, and then through transistors with C24V as the pull-up voltage. Finally, they are combined into one signal to drive the transistor to output the Pwrfault signal.
[0053] The fault warning circuit 60 can monitor faults in each conversion circuit. When a short circuit or open circuit occurs in the first DC110V to DC24V circuit, the C24V_1 signal will inevitably be abnormal, and therefore the 5V_1 signal will also be abnormal. When the 5V_1 signal is abnormal, the C24V signal drives the first transistor 63, and the Pwrfault signal output is low. When a short circuit or open circuit occurs in the first DC24V to DC5V circuit, the 5V_1 signal will inevitably be abnormal. When the 5V_1 signal is abnormal, the C24V signal drives the first transistor 63, and the Pwrfault signal output is low. Similarly, when a short circuit or open circuit occurs in the second DC110V to DC24V circuit and the second DC24V to DC5V circuit, the fault warning circuit 60 can detect and report a fault warning signal. This achieves full redundancy and fault monitoring and warning for each redundant circuit.
[0054] In terms of safety, when the first DC110V to DC24V circuit experiences a short circuit or open circuit fault, the C24V_1 signal will be abnormal, but this will not cause the C24V_2 signal or the 5V_2 signal to be abnormal. Therefore, both the C24V and 5V signals can still be output normally, ensuring functional safety. Similarly, when the first DC24V to DC5V circuit experiences a short circuit or open circuit fault, the 5V_1 signal will be abnormal, and the C24V_1 signal may also be abnormal, but this will not cause the C24V_2 signal or the 5V_2 signal to be abnormal. Therefore, both the C24V and 5V signals can still be output normally, ensuring functional safety.
[0055] Meanwhile, in the event of a short-circuit overcurrent in each circuit, two fuses act as protective devices to safeguard the vehicle's power input. This prevents the vehicle's circuit breaker from tripping arbitrarily, increasing the system's robustness to impacts while ensuring sensitivity to faults.
[0056] In some embodiments, the first voltage includes a 24V DC voltage, and the second voltage includes a 5V DC voltage.
[0057] In some embodiments, the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal includes a 110V DC voltage, and the voltage provided by the second power supply terminal includes a 110V DC voltage.
[0058] Therefore, the power supply circuit provided in this embodiment can serve as a power supply module for a braking system. It can receive DC110V power from the vehicle and provide both DC24V and DC5V voltages to other control modules of the braking system, while also featuring a fault warning function. Specifically, the power supply circuit converts the two DC110V power supplies received from the vehicle into a "clean" DC110V power supply with relatively low ripple noise after passing through a protection and filtering module (EMC module). Then, it converts the DC110V to DC24V power supply to DC24V, and finally to DC5V through a DC24V to DC5V power conversion module. The DC110V to DC24V conversion has two redundant paths, and the DC24V to 5V conversion also has two redundant paths. The fault warning circuit can diagnose faults in each redundant circuit. The 5V output voltage has small fluctuations and reverse transient current suppression. Therefore, the power supply circuit provided by this utility model embodiment overcomes the problems in the prior art where the power supply circuit is not completely isolated, the 24V and 5V circuit conversion circuits cannot be fully redundant, the robustness to impact is poor, and the forward voltage drop of the 5V output voltage is large.
[0059] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "an embodiment," "a specific embodiment," "some embodiments," "for example," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0060] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this application. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that, It includes a first voltage conversion circuit, a second voltage conversion circuit, a third voltage conversion circuit, and a fourth voltage conversion circuit; wherein, The input terminal of the first voltage conversion circuit is connected to the first power supply terminal, the input terminal of the second voltage conversion circuit is connected to the second power supply terminal, and the output terminals of the first voltage conversion circuit and the second voltage conversion circuit are connected to output the first voltage; The input terminal of the third voltage conversion circuit is connected to the first voltage conversion circuit, the input terminal of the fourth voltage conversion circuit is connected to the second voltage conversion circuit, and the output terminal of the third voltage conversion circuit and the output terminal of the fourth voltage conversion circuit are connected to output a second voltage.
2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first voltage conversion circuit includes a first fuse, a first EMC module, a first power conversion module, and a first diode connected in series. The second voltage conversion circuit includes a second fuse, a second EMC module, a second power conversion module, and a second diode connected in series.
3. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The input terminal of the first fuse is connected to the first power supply terminal, the input terminal of the second fuse is connected to the second power supply terminal, and the output terminals of the first diode and the second diode are connected to output the first voltage.
4. The power supply circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a third diode, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the first diode and the output terminal of the second diode, respectively, and the output terminal of the third diode outputs a third voltage.
5. The power supply circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third voltage conversion circuit includes a third power conversion module and a first ideal diode connected in series; The fourth voltage conversion circuit includes a fourth power conversion module connected in series and a second ideal diode.
6. The power supply circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The input terminal of the third power conversion module is connected to the output terminal of the first power conversion module, the input terminal of the fourth power conversion module is connected to the output terminal of the second power conversion module, and the output terminal of the first ideal diode and the output terminal of the second ideal diode are connected to output the second voltage.
7. The power supply circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a fault warning circuit, which is connected to the third voltage conversion circuit and the fourth voltage conversion circuit respectively, and issues a fault warning signal when an abnormal signal is detected.
8. The power supply circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fault warning circuit includes a first Zener diode, a second Zener diode, a first transistor, a second transistor, and a third transistor; wherein, The first terminal of the first Zener diode is connected to the output terminal of the third power conversion module, and the second terminal of the first Zener diode is connected to the base of the first transistor. The first terminal of the second Zener diode is connected to the output terminal of the fourth power conversion module, and the second terminal of the second Zener diode is connected to the base of the second transistor. The collector of the first transistor is connected to the output terminal of the first voltage conversion circuit and the output terminal of the second voltage conversion circuit, and the emitter of the first transistor is grounded. The collector of the second transistor is connected to the output terminal of the first voltage conversion circuit and the output terminal of the second voltage conversion circuit, and the emitter of the second transistor is grounded; The base of the third transistor is connected to the collector of the first transistor and the collector of the second transistor, the emitter of the third transistor is grounded, and the collector of the third transistor outputs a fault warning signal.
9. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first voltage includes a 24V DC voltage, and the second voltage includes a 5V DC voltage.
10. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage provided by the first power supply terminal includes 110V DC voltage, and the voltage provided by the second power supply terminal includes 110V DC voltage.