Underground cavern level crossing fork excavation supporting structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower application, and discloses an underground cavern level crossing fork excavation supporting structure which comprises a main cavern, a branch cavern communicated with the main cavern and a lining structure matched with the main cavern and a branch cavern body. The bifurcated cavern is of a symmetrical structure, and the bifurcated cavern symmetrical surface is perpendicular to the main cavern The lining structure is made of reinforced concrete materials and used for second-stage supporting of the main hole and the branch hole. According to the utility model, the convenience of bifurcated tunnel excavation is ensured, and meanwhile, the lining construction is simple and efficient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to water conservancy and hydropower application technical field especially relates to a underground cavern flat intersection excavation support structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] In water conservancy and hydropower engineering, there are various traffic holes and construction branch holes connected with main caverns, and the connection and bifurcation between holes are universal. In order to meet the long-term use and beauty of the cavern, reinforced concrete lining is essential, but the main hole and the bifurcation hole must be convenient and fast to excavate, and at the same time meet the simple and efficient lining construction, which is a very key problem. The existing excavation support technology is mostly for primary support (system anchor shotcrete support and steel support), and there are few related technologies for secondary support (lining), and there is a lack of practicality, which cannot well achieve simple and efficient lining construction after bifurcation hole excavation. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0003] Therefore, the utility model provides a underground cavern flat intersection excavation support structure, which ensures the convenience of bifurcation hole excavation and guarantees simple and efficient lining construction.

[0004] The utility model discloses a underground cavern flat intersection excavation support structure, including main hole, bifurcation hole who communicates with main hole and lining structure who cooperates with main hole and bifurcation hole body, the bifurcation hole is symmetrical structure, and the bifurcation hole symmetry surface is perpendicular to main hole axis, and the lining structure adopts reinforced concrete material and is used for the secondary support of main hole and bifurcation hole.

[0005] Further, the main hole roof and the bifurcation hole roof are both flat, and the net height is equal.

[0006] Further, the bifurcation hole two side walls are both flat, and the bifurcation hole width is uniformly narrowed along the bifurcation hole extension direction.

[0007] Further, the bifurcation hole end is provided with a straight section, and the straight section two side walls are perpendicular to the main hole side wall.

[0008] Further, the lining structure includes main hole lining and bifurcation hole lining, the steel bars in the lining structure are divided into stress steel bars and distribution steel bars, and the stress steel bars and the distribution steel bars are transversely and longitudinally crossed, the stress steel bars in the main hole lining are perpendicular to the main hole extension direction and are uniformly arranged along the main hole extension direction, the stress steel bars in the bifurcation hole lining two sides are perpendicular to the bifurcation hole side wall extension direction and are uniformly arranged along the bifurcation hole side wall extension direction, and the stress steel bars in the bifurcation hole lining top are parallel to the bifurcation hole extension direction and are uniformly arranged along the bifurcation hole two side wall connecting line direction.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

[0010] 1. The bifurcated tunnel is an axisymmetric structure, the bifurcated tunnel symmetry axis is perpendicular to the side wall of the main tunnel, which can ensure that the tunnel profile is simple and uniform, and the excavation is convenient and fast.

[0011] 2. The bifurcated tunnel is an axisymmetric structure, the bifurcated tunnel symmetry axis is perpendicular to the side wall of the main tunnel, which can ensure that the tunnel profile is simple and uniform, and the excavation is convenient and fast.

[0012] 3. The bifurcated tunnel width uniformly narrows along the extension direction of the bifurcated tunnel, which matches the driving track in the actual vehicle operation process and meets the turning requirements of the conventional vehicle passing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 The bifurcated tunnel is an axisymmetric structure, the bifurcated tunnel symmetry axis is perpendicular to the side wall of the main tunnel, which can ensure that the tunnel profile is simple and uniform, and the excavation is convenient and fast.

[0014] Figure 2 The bifurcated tunnel is an axisymmetric structure, the bifurcated tunnel symmetry axis is perpendicular to the side wall of the main tunnel, which can ensure that the tunnel profile is simple and uniform, and the excavation is convenient and fast.

[0015] Figure 3 The bifurcated tunnel is an axisymmetric structure, the bifurcated tunnel symmetry axis is perpendicular to the side wall of the main tunnel, which can ensure that the tunnel profile is simple and uniform, and the excavation is convenient and fast.

[0016] Figure 4 The bifurcated tunnel is an axisymmetric structure, the bifurcated tunnel symmetry axis is perpendicular to the side wall of the main tunnel, which can ensure that the tunnel profile is simple and uniform, and the excavation is convenient and fast.

[0017] Figure 5 The bifurcated tunnel is an axisymmetric structure, the bifurcated tunnel symmetry axis is perpendicular to the side wall of the main tunnel, which can ensure that the tunnel profile is simple and uniform, and the excavation is convenient and fast.

[0018] Figure 6 The bifurcated tunnel is an axisymmetric structure, the bifurcated tunnel symmetry axis is perpendicular to the side wall of the main tunnel, which can ensure that the tunnel profile is simple and uniform, and the excavation is convenient and fast.

[0019] Figure 7 The bifurcated tunnel is an axisymmetric structure, the bifurcated tunnel symmetry axis is perpendicular to the side wall of the main tunnel, which can ensure that the tunnel profile is simple and uniform, and the excavation is convenient and fast.

[0020] Wherein, 1 is the main tunnel, 2 is the bifurcated tunnel, 3 is the main tunnel lining, 4 is the bifurcated tunnel lining, 5 is the stress reinforcement, and 6 is the distribution reinforcement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clear and obvious, the utility model is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the utility model and not to limit the utility model.

[0022] The utility model provides a kind of underground cavern flat intersection excavation support structure, such as Figure 1As shown, it comprises a main hole 1, a branch hole 2 communicating with the main hole 1, and a lining structure cooperating with the main hole 1 and the branch hole 2.

[0023] The branch hole 2 intersects the main hole 1 perpendicularly, and the branch hole 2 is of a symmetrical structure, with the symmetry plane of the branch hole 2 being perpendicular to the axis of the main hole 1; the lining structure is made of reinforced concrete material, and is used for the secondary support of the main hole 1 and the branch hole 2, and timely lining support of the hole chamber after the initial support is achieved by making and installing the steel bars and the formwork and pouring the concrete.

[0024] Unlike the conventional main hole and branch hole, in the embodiment, the top of the main hole 1 and the top of the branch hole 2 are both flat surfaces, and the clear heights are equal; the two side walls of the branch hole 2 are both flat surfaces, and the width of the branch hole 2 is uniformly narrowed along the extension direction of the branch hole 2, with the width referring to the distance between the two side walls at the same height. The width of the two side walls of the branch hole 2 at the end intersecting the main hole 1 is the largest, and along the extension direction of the branch hole 2, the distance between the two side walls is gradually narrowed, which conforms to the driving track in the actual vehicle operation process and meets the turning requirements when the conventional vehicle passes. During the excavation of the branch hole 2, according to the principle that the top arch elevation of the main hole 1 is constant and the width of the two sides is gradually narrowed, only the rectangular cross-sectional profile is excavated on the side wall of the main hole 1, and the length of the rectangular cross-sectional profile (corresponding to the width of the branch hole 2) is gradually shortened until the excavation of the branch hole 2 is completed.

[0025] According to different use scenarios, the end of the branch hole 2 can also be selected to have or not to have a straight section, the width of the straight section is the same as the width of the end of the branch hole 2, and the two side walls of the straight section are perpendicular to the side wall of the main hole 1.

[0026] The hole chamber of the main hole 1 and the branch hole 2 after excavation is timely initially supported in the construction, including but not limited to: shotcrete support, systematic anchor rod support, steel support support, etc.; the hole chamber of the main hole 1 and the branch hole 2 after the initial support is timely lined and supported. In the embodiment, only by making and installing the steel bars and the formwork of a single form and completing the concrete pouring, the support of the secondary lining can be quickly completed.

[0027] As shown in Figure 2 , 3 , 4, the lining structure comprises a main hole lining 3 and a branch hole lining 4, the main hole lining 3 cooperates with the hole body of the main hole 1, the branch hole lining 4 cooperates with the hole body of the branch hole 2, and the combined structure of the branch hole lining 4 and the hole body of the branch hole 2 is also a symmetrical structure. The two sides and the top of the main hole lining 3 are integrally poured and integrally formed, and the two sides and the top of the branch hole lining 4 are integrally poured and integrally formed; the steel bars in the lining structure are divided into stress steel bars 5 and distribution steel bars 6, and the stress steel bars 5 and the distribution steel bars 6 cross horizontally and vertically to form a grid structure.

[0028] Specifically, as shown in Figure 6As shown, the stress reinforcement 5 in the main hole lining is perpendicular to the extension direction of the main hole 1 and is uniformly arranged along the extension direction of the main hole 1; the distribution reinforcement 6 in the main hole lining is transversely and longitudinally crossed with the stress reinforcement 5, that is, the distribution reinforcement 6 on both sides of the main hole lining is parallel to the extension direction of the main hole 1 and is uniformly distributed along the height direction; the stress reinforcement 5 on the top of the main hole lining is parallel to the extension direction of the main hole 1 and is uniformly distributed along the connecting line direction of the side wall of the main hole 1; if the connecting part of the top of the main hole 1 and the side wall of the main hole 1 is an arc structure in the specific implementation, the stress reinforcement 5 on the top of the main hole lining can be adaptively matched with the arc structure.

[0029] As shown in 5 and 7, the stress reinforcement 5 in the branch hole lining on both sides is perpendicular to the extension direction of the side wall of the branch hole 2 and is uniformly arranged along the extension direction of the side wall of the branch hole 2; the stress reinforcement 5 in the top of the branch hole lining is parallel to the extension direction of the branch hole 2 and is uniformly arranged along the connecting line direction of the side wall of the branch hole 2. The distribution reinforcement 6 in the branch hole lining is transversely and longitudinally crossed with the stress reinforcement 5, that is, the distribution reinforcement 6 on both sides of the branch hole lining is parallel to the extension direction of the side wall of the branch hole 2 and is uniformly arranged along the height direction; the distribution reinforcement 6 in the top of the branch hole lining is perpendicular to the extension direction of the branch hole 2 and is uniformly arranged along the extension direction of the branch hole 2.

[0030] Because of the arc of the top of the traditional main hole and the structure of the branch hole, a complex torsion surface is formed at the connecting part, which is not only difficult to excavate, but also difficult to arrange the reinforcement and the formwork for a long time in the process of the secondary lining. The symmetrical underground chamber branch hole lining structure provided by the utility model avoids the formation of the complex torsion surface in the traditional branch hole in the process of excavation, always maintains the simple and uniform chamber profile, achieves the convenience and rapidity of excavation, and because of the simple and uniform chamber profile, the production and installation of the reinforcement and the installation of the formwork are also more simple and efficient in the process of lining construction.

[0031] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the utility model and does not limit the utility model, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An underground chamber flat crossing junction excavation support structure, characterised in that, The tunnel comprises a main hole, a branch hole communicated with the main hole, and a lining structure matched with the main hole and the branch hole; The branch hole is of symmetrical structure, and the symmetry plane of the branch hole is perpendicular to the axis of the main hole; the lining structure is made of reinforced concrete material and is used for the secondary support of the main hole and the branch hole.

2. An underground chamber flat-crossing junction excavation support structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The top of the main hole and the top of the branch hole are both flat and have equal net heights.

3. An underground chamber flat-crossing excavation support structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The two side walls of the branch hole are both flat, and the width of the branch hole is uniformly narrowed along the extension direction of the branch hole.

4. An underground chamber flat intersection excavation support structure as claimed in claim 3 wherein, A straight section is arranged at the end of the branch hole, and the two side walls of the straight section are perpendicular to the side walls of the main hole.

5. An underground chamber flat intersection excavation support structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The lining structure comprises a main hole lining and a branch hole lining; the steel bars in the lining structure are divided into stress steel bars and distribution steel bars, and the stress steel bars and the distribution steel bars are transversely and longitudinally crossed; The stress steel bars in the main hole lining are perpendicular to the extension direction of the main hole and are uniformly arranged along the extension direction of the main hole; The stress steel bars in the two side walls of the branch hole lining are perpendicular to the extension direction of the side walls of the branch hole and are uniformly arranged along the extension direction of the side walls of the branch hole; the stress steel bars in the top of the branch hole lining are parallel to the extension direction of the branch hole and are uniformly arranged along the line connecting the two side walls of the branch hole.

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