Mountain tunnel construction and operation whole process teaching entity model

Abstract

The utility model relates to a mountain tunnel construction and operation whole process teaching entity model. Comprising a tunnel operation section and a tunnel construction section which are sequentially connected from left to right. The tunnel operation section is sequentially divided into a tunnel portal pipe shed display section and an inverted arch and filling display section from left to right; an evacuation channel is formed in the left side wall of the right end of the inverted arch and filling display section; the tunnel construction section is sequentially divided into a second lining display section, a waterproof plate display section, a primary support display section and an over-excavation and under-excavation display section from left to right; and a tunnel face is arranged at the right end of the over-excavation and under-excavation display section. According to the tunnel model, learners can conveniently and deeply learn various structures in the tunnel construction stage and the operation stage, the real scene of tunnel construction is truly experienced, the visiting teaching cost is low, and potential safety hazards and management difficulty almost do not exist.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel teaching models, in particular to a mountain tunnel construction and operation whole-process teaching physical model. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the concealment, remoteness and risk of tunnel construction, a student can only rely on textbooks, virtual simulation software and construction videos to obtain relatively systematic tunnel construction technology, resulting in the current single tunnel teaching method in colleges and universities. In addition, the teaching of tunnel construction technology is not closely related to engineering practice, which makes students unable to link the theoretical knowledge learned in school with engineering practice, so that graduates are easily out of touch with reality in actual work. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve or partially solve the problems in the related art, the present application provides a mountain tunnel construction and operation whole-process teaching physical model, which aims to enable students to understand the real scene of tunnel construction.

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a mountain tunnel construction and operation whole-process teaching physical model, which comprises a tunnel operation section and a tunnel construction section connected in sequence from left to right;

[0005] The tunnel operation section is further divided into a tunnel portal pipe shed display section and an inverted arch and filling display section from left to right.

[0006] The top of the tunnel portal pipe shed display section is provided with a large pipe shed display area and a small guide pipe display area, the large pipe shed display area is provided with a large pipe shed, and the small guide pipe display area is provided with a small guide pipe; the bottom surface of the inverted arch and filling display section is provided with an inverted arch display area and a backfill display area, the inverted arch display area is provided with an inverted arch model, the inverted arch model is provided with a transparent glass plate above, and the backfill display area is provided with a solid entity formed after filling and condensation.

[0007] The right end side wall of the inverted arch and filling display section is provided with an evacuation passage.

[0008] The tunnel construction section is further divided into a secondary lining display section, a waterproof board display section, an initial support display section and an over-excavation display section from left to right.

[0009] The side wall of the secondary lining display section is provided with a secondary lining steel bar display area and a secondary lining backfill defect display area; the secondary lining steel bar display area is provided with a steel bar mesh, and the secondary lining backfill defect display area is provided with a concrete layer with pouring defects.

[0010] The top of the waterproof board display section is provided with a waterproof board.

[0011] The side wall of the initial support display section is provided with an initial support arch display area and an initial support sprayed concrete completion area; the initial support arch display area is provided with an initial support steel frame, and the initial support sprayed concrete completion area is provided with a concrete layer formed by spraying concrete;

[0012] The overbreak and underbreak display section is a tunnel formed by overbreak and underbreak of the tunnel;

[0013] The right end of the overbreak and underbreak display section is provided with a working face.

[0014] In some schemes, the working face is projected with the working face excavation process and the content of tunnel excavation surrounding rock grade discrimination by a projector.

[0015] In some schemes, the ground of the tunnel construction section is provided with two steps along the tunnel.

[0016] In some schemes, the tunnel operation section and the tunnel construction section are provided with teaching display boards on the inner walls.

[0017] In some schemes, the tunnel operation section and / or the tunnel construction section are provided with monitoring instruments for monitoring stress, strain, water pressure, earth pressure and settlement in the tunnel, each monitoring instrument is electrically connected with a data acquisition box, and the data acquisition box is connected with the projector.

[0018] In some schemes, one side edge of the tunnel construction section is provided with an escape pipe.

[0019] The technical scheme provided in the application can have the following beneficial effects:

[0020] Through the tunnel model, colleges can conveniently learn various structures in the tunnel construction stage and the operation stage, and truly experience the real scene of tunnel construction, the teaching cost is low, and there are almost no safety hazards and management difficulties.

[0021] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views, and in which:

[0023] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the model shown in the embodiments of the application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the tunnel portal pipe shed display section of the model shown in the embodiments of the application;

[0025] Figure 3 is a section view of an inverted arch and filling display section of the model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 is a section view of a secondary lining display section of the model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 is a section view of a waterproof board display section of the model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 is a section view of an initial support display section of the model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 is a section view of an initial support display section of the model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 is a schematic view of the installation of a projector of the model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 9 is a schematic view of the installation of an escape pipe of the model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Reference signs:

[0033] 1, tunnel operation section; 11, tunnel portal pipe shed display section; 1101, large pipe shed display area; 1102, small guide pipe display area; 12, inverted arch and filling display section; 1201, inverted arch display area; 1202, backfill display area; 1203, inverted arch model; 1204, glass plate; 13, escape passage section; 2, tunnel construction section; 21, secondary lining display section; 2101, secondary lining steel bar display area; 2102, secondary lining backfill defect display area; 22, waterproof board display section; 23, initial support display section; 2301, initial support arch support display area; 2302, initial support sprayed concrete completion area; 24, overbreak and underbreak display section; 25, working face; 26, escape pipe; 27, projector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail by referring to the drawings. Although embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present application is more thoroughly and completely conveyed to those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present application is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0035] It should be understood that, although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. can be used in this application to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, the first information can also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information can also be referred to as the first information without departing from the scope of the application. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, they can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium; can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a mountain tunnel construction and operation whole process teaching entity model, which comprises a tunnel operation section 1 and a tunnel construction section 2 connected in sequence from left to right, the tunnel operation section 1 is used for showing the shaped tunnel form and structure, and the tunnel construction section 2 is used for showing the specific process of tunnel construction.

[0038] The tunnel operation section 1 is further divided into a tunnel portal pipe shed display section 11 and an inverted arch and filling display section 12 in sequence from left to right. Figure 2 As shown in the drawings, the top of the tunnel portal pipe shed display section 11 is provided with a large pipe shed display area 1101 and a small guide pipe display area 1102, the large pipe shed display area 1101 is provided with a large pipe shed, and the small guide pipe display area 1102 is provided with a small guide pipe; visitors can visit and learn the structure of the large pipe shed in the large pipe shed display area 1101 and visit and learn the structure of the small guide pipe in the small guide pipe display area 1102.

[0039] As shown in the drawings, Figure 3As shown, the bottom surface of the inverted arch and filling display section 12 is provided with an inverted arch display area 1201 and a backfill display area 1202, the inverted arch display area 1201 is provided with an inverted arch model 1203, the inverted arch model 1203 is provided with a transparent glass plate 1204 above, and the backfill display area 1202 is provided with a solid entity formed after condensation; visitors can visit and learn the structure of the inverted arch in the inverted arch display area 1201, and visit and learn the ground structure of the tunnel after backfilling in the backfill display area 1202. As shown in Figure 1 As shown, the right end side wall of the inverted arch and filling display section 12 is provided with an evacuation passage; for visitors to have a deeper understanding of the structure of the evacuation passage.

[0040] The tunnel construction section 2 is sequentially divided into a secondary lining display section 21, a waterproof board display section 22, an initial support display section 23, and an over-excavation display section 24 from left to right.

[0041] As shown in Figure 4 As shown, the side wall of the secondary lining display section 21 is provided with a secondary lining steel bar display area 2101 and a secondary lining backfill defect display area 2102; the secondary lining steel bar display area 2101 is provided with a steel bar mesh, and the secondary lining backfill defect display area 2102 is provided with a concrete layer with pouring defects. Visitors can visit and learn the structure of the steel bar mesh in the steel bar mesh display area, and visit and learn the defective concrete pouring structure in the secondary lining backfill defect display area 2102. Preferably, the concrete pouring defect area is provided with a concrete block with pouring defects to facilitate students to detect the quality defects of the concrete during teaching.

[0042] As shown in Figure 5 As shown, the top of the waterproof board display section 22 is provided with a waterproof board; visitors can visit and learn the structure of the waterproof board in the waterproof board display section 22.

[0043] As shown in Figure 6 As shown, the side wall of the initial support display section 23 is provided with an initial support arch frame display area 2301 and an initial support sprayed concrete completion area 2302; the initial support arch frame display area 2301 is provided with an initial support steel frame, and the initial support sprayed concrete completion area 2302 is provided with a concrete layer formed by spraying concrete; visitors can visit and learn the structure of the initial support steel frame in the initial support arch frame display area 2301, and visit and learn the sprayed concrete in the initial support sprayed concrete completion area 2302.

[0044] As shown in Figure 7 As shown, the over-excavation display section 24 is a tunnel formed by over-excavation; visitors can have a more comprehensive understanding of what over-excavation of the tunnel is in the over-excavation display section 24.

[0045] As shown in Figure 8As shown, the right end of the overbreak and underbreak display section 24 is provided with a tunnel face 25, so that visitors can understand what the tunnel face 25 is. Through the tunnel model of the present application, the college can conveniently learn various structures in the tunnel construction stage and operation stage, and truly experience the real scene of tunnel construction, which has low teaching cost and almost no safety hazards and management difficulties.

[0046] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 8 As shown, the tunnel face 25 is projected with the tunnel face 25 excavation process and tunnel excavation surrounding rock grade determination content by the projector 27. Visitors can visit and learn the tunnel face 25 structure of the tunnel at the tunnel face 25 display section, and at the same time, learn the tunnel face 25 excavation process and tunnel excavation surrounding rock grade content by viewing the content projected by the projector 27.

[0047] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 9 As shown, two steps are arranged along the tunnel on the ground of the tunnel construction section 2 to simulate the upward and downward step method excavation of the tunnel. Visitors can visit and learn the upward and downward step method excavation process of the tunnel at this place.

[0048] In some embodiments, the inner walls of the tunnel operation section 1 and the tunnel construction section 2 are provided with teaching display boards (not shown in the figure). Each teaching display board is written with the category of the teaching skill point, the skill point content and the corresponding digital teaching resource two-dimensional code pattern, so that visitors can learn in more detail.

[0049] In some embodiments, the tunnel operation section 1 and / or the tunnel construction section 2 are provided with monitoring instruments (not shown in the figure) for monitoring the stress, strain, water pressure, soil pressure and settlement in the tunnel. Each monitoring instrument is electrically connected with a data acquisition box, and the data acquisition box is connected with the projector. When working, each monitoring instrument transmits real-time monitoring data to the data acquisition box. The data acquisition box transmits the data to the tunnel Internet of Things online monitoring system platform through the Internet system. The platform returns the result to the data computer connected with the projector 27. The projector 27 projects the related data to the tunnel face 25 for display, so as to facilitate visitors to learn.

[0050] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 9 As shown, the tunnel construction section 2 is provided with an escape pipe 26 at one side edge. The escape pipe 26 is arranged along the slope between the two steps.

[0051] Having described various embodiments of the application, it is to be understood that the above description is meant not to limit and not to encompass all of the possible embodiments. Many modifications and variations of this application can be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. It is intended that the scope of the application be defined by the scope of the patent and by the claims as allowed by the patent office, which can include adaptations and modifications. It is further intended that each of the individual elements or variations of this application be deemed to be disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A physical teaching model for the entire process of construction and operation of mountain tunnels, characterized in that: It comprises a tunnel operation section (1) and a tunnel construction section (2) connected in sequence from left to right. The tunnel operation section (1) is further divided into a tunnel portal pipe shed display section (11) and an inverted arch and filling display section (12) in sequence from left to right. The top of the tunnel portal pipe shed display section (11) is provided with a large pipe shed display area (1101) and a small guide pipe display area (1102). The bottom of the inverted arch and filling display section (12) is provided with an inverted arch display area (1201) and a backfill display area (1202). The right end side wall of the inverted arch and filling display section (12) is provided with an evacuation channel. The tunnel construction section (2) is further divided into a secondary lining display section (21), a waterproof board display section (22), an initial support display section (23), and an overbreak and underbreak display section (24) in sequence from left to right. The side wall of the secondary lining display section (21) is provided with a secondary lining steel bar display area (2101) and a secondary lining backfill defect display area (2102). The secondary lining steel bar display area (2101) is provided with a steel mesh, and the secondary lining backfill defect display area (2102) is provided with a concrete layer with pouring defects. The top of the waterproof board display section (22) is provided with a waterproof board. The side wall of the initial support display section (23) is provided with an initial support arch frame display area (2301) and an initial support sprayed concrete completion area (2302). The initial support arch frame display area (2301) is provided with an initial support steel frame, and the initial support sprayed concrete completion area (2302) is provided with a concrete layer formed by spraying concrete. The overbreak and underbreak display section (24) is a tunnel formed by overbreak and underbreak. The right end of the overbreak and underbreak display section (24) is provided with a working face (25).

2. The mountain tunnel construction and operation whole-process teaching physical model according to claim 1, wherein: The working face (25) is projected with the working face (25) excavation technology and tunnel excavation surrounding rock grade determination content through a projector (27).

3. The mountain tunnel construction and operation whole-process teaching physical model according to claim 1, wherein: Two steps are arranged on the ground along the tunnel in the tunnel construction section (2).

4. The mountain tunnel construction and operation whole-process teaching physical model according to claim 1, wherein: Teaching display boards are arranged on the inner walls of the tunnel operation section (1) and the tunnel construction section (2).

5. The mountain tunnel construction and operation whole-process teaching physical model according to claim 1, wherein: The tunnel operation section (1) or / and the tunnel construction section (2) is provided with monitoring instruments for monitoring stress, strain, water pressure, soil pressure and settlement in the tunnel, each monitoring instrument is electrically connected with a data acquisition box, and the data acquisition box is connected with a projector (27).

6. The mountain tunnel construction and operation whole-process teaching physical model according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side edge of the tunnel construction section (2) is provided with an escape pipe (26).

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