Cooling tower for vitamin K3 production

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cooling tower for vitamin K3 production. The cooling tower comprises a cooling tower main body, the cooling tower main body comprises a main box body, a cooling box is arranged at the top end of the main box body, a production conveying pipeline is arranged in the cooling box, and a built-in cooling stirring barrel is fixed at the bottom end in the main box body; by designing the rapid cooling and cleaning mechanism, when the cooling tower body is cooled, the production conveying pipeline is heated for a long time and makes contact with water substances, a movable frame moves on the outer surface of a lead screw, and the movable frame moves to drive a movable plate and a scraping ring to stably move on the outer surface of the production conveying pipeline to scrape water scale and dirt on the outer surface; the cooling tower is simple in structure and convenient to clean, the outer surface of the production conveying pipeline makes full contact with water to be quickly and effectively cooled, the protection plate is opened to clean dirt accumulated at the bottom end of the interior, and the convenience and the cooling effect of the cooling tower for cleaning the outer surface of the production conveying pipeline during vitamin K3 processing production are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of cooling towers for vitamin K3 production, and specifically relates to a cooling tower for vitamin K3 production. Background Technology

[0002] Vitamin K3, also known as sodium menadione bisulfite, is a vitamin involved in calcium metabolism and is widely used as a feed additive. It is usually produced by sulfonation of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and sodium bisulfite. During the processing of vitamin K3, the raw materials easily generate a lot of heat and need to be cooled. This is usually done by cooling towers. Existing cooling towers are the equipment used for cooling in the processing of vitamin K3. Cooling towers facilitate the initial water cooling treatment and the subsequent uniform stirring and cooling treatment, which is conducive to the full and effective cooling treatment of multiple processes.

[0003] In existing cooling towers used in vitamin K3 production, raw materials are directly transported into the production pipeline during water circulation cooling. Water is continuously circulated into the outer surface of the pipeline during this process. Over time, this water circulation and heating causes scale and dirt to accumulate on the outer surface of the pipeline, making cleaning inconvenient and reducing cooling efficiency. This negatively impacts both the ease of cleaning the production pipeline and the cooling effect during vitamin K3 production. Therefore, this invention proposes a cooling tower for vitamin K3 production. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a cooling tower for vitamin K3 production, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that when cooling towers are used for cooling vitamin K3 processing and production, scale or dirt easily accumulates on the outer surface of the production and conveying pipeline during long-term water circulation and heating, thus making it inconvenient to clean the outer surface of the production and conveying pipeline and thickening the outer surface of the production and conveying pipeline to reduce the cooling effect.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a cooling tower for vitamin K3 production, comprising a cooling tower body, the cooling tower body including a main box, a cooling tank disposed at the top of the main box, a production conveying pipe disposed inside the cooling tank, an internal cooling stirring tank fixed at the bottom of the main box, the bottom of the production conveying pipe connected to the interior of the internal cooling stirring tank, a stirring assembly disposed at the middle position inside the internal cooling stirring tank, a refrigeration mechanism disposed on the outer surface of the internal cooling stirring tank, and a discharge pipe disposed at the bottom of the internal cooling stirring tank located on the side bottom of the main box. The cooling tower body also includes:

[0006] A rapid cooling and cleaning mechanism is provided, which includes a scraping and cleaning component disposed on the outer surface of the production conveying pipeline. A moving adjustment component is disposed on one side of the scraping and cleaning component inside the cooling box, and a moving control component is disposed on the other side of the scraping and cleaning component inside the cooling box. A periodic disassembly and cleaning component is disposed on the front surface of the cooling box.

[0007] The scraping mechanism includes a scraping and cleaning component disposed inside the built-in cooling and mixing tank, wherein the top of the scraping and cleaning component is provided with a drive component located on one side inside the built-in cooling and mixing tank.

[0008] Preferably, a water storage tank is provided on the upper surface of the cooling box, the bottom end of the water storage tank is connected to the interior of the cooling box, a high-pressure pump is fixedly installed on the top of the water storage tank, a connecting pipe is provided at the connection between the end of the high-pressure pump and the interior of the cooling box, and a water inlet pipe is provided at the connection between the front surface of the high-pressure pump and the interior of the water storage tank.

[0009] Preferably, the scraping and cleaning assembly includes a movable plate disposed on the outer surface of the production conveying pipeline, wherein scraper rings are fixedly installed at both ends of the movable plate, and the inner surface of the scraper rings is in contact with the outer surface of the production conveying pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, the movable adjustment assembly includes a lead screw that rotates inside the cooling box on one side, with a forward and reverse motor installed at the end of the lead screw at the tail end of the cooling box, and a movable frame provided on the outer surface of the lead screw, the end of the movable frame being fixed to the side of the movable plate by bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the movement control assembly includes a control slide groove formed on the other side of the cooling box, a control slide rod sliding inside the control slide groove, and the end of the control slide rod being fixed to the side of the moving plate by bolts.

[0012] Preferably, the periodic disassembly and cleaning assembly includes a cleaning port on the front surface of the cooling box, a protective plate is fixed inside the cleaning port by locking bolts, and a sealing gasket is fitted onto the inner surface of the protective plate.

[0013] Preferably, the scraping and cleaning assembly includes an auxiliary gear ring disposed at the top edge of the built-in cooling and stirring tank. Scrapers are fixedly installed on both sides of the inner side of the auxiliary gear ring. The inner surface of the scrapers is in contact with the inner surface of the built-in cooling and stirring tank. A rotating groove is provided at the top edge of the inner side of the built-in cooling and stirring tank. A rotating ring rotates inside the rotating groove. The bottom end of the rotating ring is fixed to the upper surface of the auxiliary gear ring by welding.

[0014] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a drive motor fixedly mounted by bolts, and the end of the drive motor is located inside the built-in cooling and stirring tank with a drive gear rotating thereon, the outer surface of the drive gear meshing with the outer surface of the auxiliary gear ring.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] By designing a rapid cooling and cleaning mechanism, when the cooling tower body is undergoing cooling treatment, the production and conveying pipeline is in prolonged contact with heat and water. The moving frame moves on the outer surface of the screw, and the moving frame drives the moving plate and scraper ring to move stably on the outer surface of the production and conveying pipeline to scrape off scale and dirt, facilitating cleaning. This also ensures that the outer surface of the production and conveying pipeline is in full contact with water for rapid and effective cooling. After cooling stops, the protective plate can be opened to clean the accumulated dirt at the bottom inside. This improves the convenience of cleaning the outer surface of the production and conveying pipeline and the cooling effect during vitamin K3 processing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the cooling box, production conveying pipeline and scraper ring of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the cooling box, lead screw, and moving frame of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the protective plate and sealing gasket structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This utility model Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section A;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper, auxiliary gear ring, and rotating ring structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper structure of this utility model;

[0025] In the diagram: 100, Cooling tower body; 101, Main casing; 102, Cooling tank; 103, Production conveying pipeline; 1031, Moving plate; 1032, Scraper ring; 1033, Moving frame; 1034, Lead screw; 1035, Control chute; 1036, Control slide bar; 1037, Forward and reverse motor; 1038, Cleaning port; 1039, Protective plate; 1030, Sealing gasket; 104, Water storage tank; 105, High-pressure pump; 106, Built-in cooling mixing tank; 1061, Drive motor; 1062, Drive gear; 1063, Scraper; 1064, Auxiliary gear ring; 1065, Rotating groove; 1066, Rotating ring; 107, Refrigeration mechanism; 108, Mixing assembly; 109, Discharge pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 8 This utility model provides a technical solution: a cooling tower for vitamin K3 production, including a cooling tower body 100, the cooling tower body 100 including a main box 101, a cooling box 102 provided at the top of the main box 101, a production conveying pipe 103 provided inside the cooling box 102, a water storage tank 104 provided on the upper surface of the cooling box 102, the bottom end of the water storage tank 104 communicating with the interior of the cooling box 102, a high-pressure pump 105 fixedly installed at the top of the water storage tank 104, a connecting pipe provided at the connection between the end of the high-pressure pump 105 and the interior of the cooling box 102, the high-pressure pump 105... A water inlet pipe is provided at the connection between the front surface of the container and the interior of the water storage tank 104. A suitable amount of water is injected into the interior of the water storage tank 104 through the inlet until it enters the interior of the cooling tank 102. The production conveying pipe 103 is connected to the end of the external vitamin K3 processing equipment and vitamin K3 raw materials are conveyed through the production conveying pipe 103. At the same time, the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103 contacts the cold water inside the cooling tank 102 for cooling. When cooling, the cooling water inside the cooling tank 102 is drawn back into the water storage tank 104 by the high-pressure pump 105 for circulation and cooling.

[0028] An internal cooling mixing tank 106 is fixed to the bottom of the main housing 101. The bottom of the production conveying pipe 103 is connected to the interior of the internal cooling mixing tank 106. A mixing component 108 is installed in the middle of the interior of the internal cooling mixing tank 106. A refrigeration mechanism 107 is installed on the outer surface of the internal cooling mixing tank 106. A discharge pipe 109 is installed at the bottom of the side of the internal cooling mixing tank 106, located on the bottom of the side of the main housing 101. After the vitamin K3 inside the production conveying pipe 103 is cooled, it re-enters the interior of the internal cooling mixing tank 106. The mixing component 108 rotates to stir the vitamin K3 raw material inside the internal cooling mixing tank 106. The refrigeration mechanism 107 provides cooling, facilitating a second cooling process during stirring. After two cooling processes, the material is discharged through the discharge pipe 109, thus facilitating cooling during vitamin K3 processing through the cooling tower body 100. The cooling tower body 100 is also equipped with:

[0029] The rapid cooling and cleaning mechanism includes a scraping and cleaning component installed on the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103. One side of the scraping and cleaning component is located inside the cooling box 102, and the other side is located inside the cooling box 102, where a moving adjustment component is installed. A periodic disassembly and cleaning component is installed on the front surface of the cooling box 102. This mechanism allows the cooling tower body 100 to perform water cooling treatment on the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103 for an extended period. When scale and dirt adhere to the surface of the production conveying pipe 103 while it is being cooled in water, the rapid cooling and cleaning mechanism scrapes and cleans the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103. The scraping and cleaning is convenient, improving the convenience and cooling effect of cleaning the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103 during vitamin K3 processing.

[0030] In order to facilitate the regular cleaning of scale and dirt accumulated on the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103 over a long period of time by using a scraping cleaning component, in this embodiment, preferably, the scraping cleaning component includes a movable plate 1031 disposed on the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103. Both ends of the movable plate 1031 are fixedly installed with scraper rings 1032, and the inner surface of the scraper rings 1032 is in contact with the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103. The movable plate 1031 and the scraper rings 1032 scrape scale and dirt off the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103, which facilitates cleaning and allows for rapid cooling through full contact with water.

[0031] To facilitate the movement of the moving plate 1031 and scraper ring 1032 on the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103 for scraping and cleaning via the movable adjustment assembly, in this embodiment, preferably, the movable adjustment assembly includes a lead screw 1034 that rotates inside one side of the cooling box 102. A forward and reverse motor 1037 is installed at the end of the lead screw 1034 located at the tail end of the cooling box 102. The forward and reverse motor 1037 drives the lead screw 1034 to rotate, facilitating the adjustment of the lead screw 1034. A movable frame 1033 is provided on the outer surface of the lead screw 1034. The end of the movable frame 1033 is fixed to the side of the moving plate 1031 by bolts. When the lead screw 1034 rotates, it moves the movable frame 1033 on the outer surface of the lead screw 1034, thereby driving the moving plate 1031 and scraper ring 1032 to move for scraping and cleaning.

[0032] In order to facilitate the stable movement of the moving plate 1031 and the scraper ring 1032 for scraping and cleaning via the movement control component, in this embodiment, preferably, the movement control component includes a control groove 1035 opened on the other side inside the cooling box 102. A control rod 1036 slides inside the control groove 1035. The end of the control rod 1036 is fixed to the side of the moving plate 1031 by bolts. When the moving plate 1031 drives the scraper ring 1032 to slide on the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103, the control rod 1036 slides inside the control groove 1035 for stable control of scraping and cleaning.

[0033] To facilitate the cleaning of residual dirt inside the cooling tank 102 by periodically disassembling and assembling the cleaning components, in this embodiment, preferably, the periodically disassembling and assembling cleaning components include a cleaning port 1038 opened on the front surface of the cooling tank 102. A protective plate 1039 is fixed inside the cleaning port 1038 by locking bolts. A sealing gasket 1030 is fitted onto the inner surface of the protective plate 1039. When dirt remains at the bottom of the cooling tank 102 after cleaning, the protective plate 1039 is opened, and the bottom of the cooling tank 102 is cleaned through the cleaning port 1038, which facilitates cleaning and water injection for cooling. Conversely, when not cleaning, the protective plate 1039 is sealed and fixed by the sealing gasket 1030.

[0034] The scraping mechanism includes a scraping and cleaning component disposed inside the built-in cooling and mixing tank 106. The top of the scraping and cleaning component is provided with a drive component inside the built-in cooling and mixing tank 106. When the built-in cooling and mixing tank 106 is being stirred and cooled, and raw materials are adhering to the inner surface of the built-in cooling and mixing tank 106, the scraping mechanism scrapes and cleans the inner surface of the built-in cooling and mixing tank 106, so that the vitamin K3 raw material can fully contact and be stirred and cooled with the inner surface of the built-in cooling and mixing tank 106, thus achieving effective stirring and cooling treatment.

[0035] To facilitate the scraping and cleaning of raw materials adhering to the inner surface of the built-in cooling mixing tank 106 during mixing, and to ensure sufficient cooling during mixing, in this embodiment, preferably, the scraping and cleaning assembly includes an auxiliary gear ring 1064 located at the top edge of the built-in cooling mixing tank 106. Scrapers 1063 are fixedly installed on both sides of the inner side of the auxiliary gear ring 1064, with the inner surface of the scrapers 1063 contacting the inner surface of the built-in cooling mixing tank 106. This allows the auxiliary gear ring 1064 to rotate, driving the scrapers 1063 to rotate and scrape away the raw materials. A rotating groove 1065 is provided at the top edge of the inner side of the built-in cooling mixing tank 106. A rotating ring 1066 rotates inside the rotating groove 1065. The bottom end of the rotating ring 1066 is welded to the upper surface of the auxiliary gear ring 1064, allowing the top end of the auxiliary gear ring 1064 to rotate within the rotating groove 1065, facilitating smooth and stable rotation.

[0036] In order to facilitate the rotation of the auxiliary gear ring 1064 and the scraper 1063 for cleaning via the drive assembly, in this embodiment, preferably, the drive assembly includes a drive motor 1061 fixedly mounted by bolts, and a drive gear 1062 rotating inside the built-in cooling and stirring tank 106 at the end of the drive motor 1061. The outer surface of the drive gear 1062 meshes with the outer surface of the auxiliary gear ring 1064, so that when the drive gear 1062 rotates, it meshes with the outer surface of the auxiliary gear ring 1064, causing the auxiliary gear ring 1064 and the scraper 1063 to rotate, which facilitates the scraper 1063 to rotate and contact the inner surface of the built-in cooling and stirring tank 106 for cleaning.

[0037] In this utility model, the forward and reverse reversing motor 1037 is model number WS-50ZYT78-R, and the drive motor 1061 is model number 60KTYZ.

[0038] The working principle and usage process of this utility model are as follows: When using this cooling tower for vitamin K3 production, the main body 100 is stably placed at the designated location by directly contacting the bottom of the main casing 101 with the ground. After the main body 100 is stably placed, an appropriate amount of water is injected into the water storage tank 104 through the inlet until it enters the interior of the cooling tank 102. The production conveying pipe 103 is then connected to the end of an external vitamin K3 processing equipment, and vitamin K3 raw materials are transported through the production conveying pipe 103. Simultaneously, cold water enters the cooling tank 102 through contact with the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103. Cooling is carried out until the cooling water inside the cooling tank 102 is drawn back into the water storage tank 104 by the high-pressure pump 105 for circulation and cooling. At the same time, the vitamin K3 inside the production conveying pipeline 103 is cooled and then enters the built-in cooling mixing tank 106. The stirring component 108 drives the vitamin K3 raw material inside the built-in cooling mixing tank 106 to stir. The refrigeration mechanism 107 performs cooling and facilitates the second cooling process while stirring. After the two cooling processes, the raw material is discharged through the discharge pipe 109, which facilitates the cooling process of vitamin K3 during processing and production through the cooling tower body 100.

[0039] Then, when the cooling tower body 100 is undergoing cooling, the production conveying pipe 103, inside the cooling tank 102, comes into contact with cold water and is heated for a long time, causing scale and dirt to form on the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103. At this point, the forward / reverse motor 1037 is activated, driving the lead screw 1034 to rotate. The rotation of the lead screw 1034 causes the moving frame 1033 to move on the outer surface of the lead screw 1034. This movement of the moving frame 1033 then drives the moving plate 1031 to move, which in turn drives the control slide rod 1036 to control... The internal sliding stability control of the chute 1035 allows the moving plate 1031 and the scraper ring 1032 to move stably on the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103, scraping away scale and dirt from the outer surface, which is convenient for cleaning. It also allows the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103 to fully contact with water for rapid and effective cooling. After use, the protective plate 1039 can be opened to clean the accumulated dirt at the bottom inside, improving the convenience of cleaning the outer surface of the production conveying pipe 103 and the cooling effect during vitamin K3 processing.

[0040] Finally, when the cooling tower body 100 stirs and cools the vitamin K3 processing production again, the long-term stirring causes raw materials to adhere to the inner surface of the built-in cooling stirring tank 106. The drive motor 1061 drives the drive gear 1062 to rotate. The drive gear 1062 meshes with the outer surface of the auxiliary gear ring 1064, causing the auxiliary gear ring 1064 and scraper 1063 to rotate. The rotation of the auxiliary gear ring 1064 causes the rotating ring 1066 to rotate stably inside the rotating groove 1065. This allows the auxiliary gear ring 1064 and scraper 1063 to stably contact the inner surface of the built-in cooling stirring tank 106 for rotation and scraping. During the long-term cooling process, the vitamin K3 raw materials are fully contacted and stirred and cooled with the inner surface of the built-in cooling stirring tank 106. This effective stirring and cooling process improves the convenience and cooling effect of the cooling tower body 100 in scraping the inner surface of the built-in cooling stirring tank 106 during vitamin K3 processing production.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described (see the detailed description above), it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cooling tower for vitamin K3 production, comprising a cooling tower main body (100), wherein the cooling tower main body (100) comprises a main box body (101), a cooling box (102) is arranged at the top end of the main box body (101), a production conveying pipeline (103) is arranged in the cooling box (102), an internal cooling stirring barrel (106) is fixed at the bottom end of the inside of the main box body (101), the bottom end of the production conveying pipeline (103) is communicated with the inside of the internal cooling stirring barrel (106), a stirring assembly (108) is arranged at the middle position of the inside of the internal cooling stirring barrel (106), a refrigeration mechanism (107) is arranged on the outer surface of the internal cooling stirring barrel (106), and a discharging pipeline (109) is arranged at the bottom end of the side face of the main box body (101) and located at the bottom end of the internal cooling stirring barrel (106). The cooling tower body (100) is further provided with: The quick cooling and cleaning mechanism comprises a scraping and cleaning assembly arranged on the outer surface of the production conveying pipeline (103), one side of the scraping and cleaning assembly is provided with a moving adjusting assembly inside the cooling box (102), the other side of the scraping and cleaning assembly is provided with a moving control assembly inside the cooling box (102), and the front surface of the cooling box (102) is provided with a regular dismounting and cleaning assembly. The scraping mechanism comprises a scraping and cleaning assembly arranged inside the built-in cooling and stirring barrel (106), and the top end of the scraping and cleaning assembly is provided with a driving assembly on one side inside the built-in cooling and stirring barrel (106).

2. The cooling tower for producing vitamin K3 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the cooling box (102) is provided with a water storage tank (104), the bottom end of the water storage tank (104) is communicated with the inside of the cooling box (102), the top end of the water storage tank (104) is fixedly installed with a high-pressure pump (105), the end portion of the high-pressure pump (105) is provided with a connecting pipe at the connecting position with the inside of the cooling box (102), and the front surface of the high-pressure pump (105) is provided with a water inlet pipe at the connecting position with the inside of the water storage tank (104).

3. The cooling tower for producing vitamin K3 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping and cleaning assembly comprises a moving plate (1031) arranged on the outer surface of the production conveying pipeline (103), and the inside of the moving plate (1031) is fixedly installed with a scraping ring (1032) at both ends.

4. The cooling tower for producing vitamin K3 according to claim 3, characterized in that: The moving adjusting assembly comprises a lead screw (1034) rotating on one side inside the cooling box (102), the end portion of the lead screw (1034) is installed with a forward and reverse motor (1037) at the tail end of the cooling box (102), the outer surface of the lead screw (1034) is provided with a moving frame (1033), and the end portion of the moving frame (1033) is fixed to the side surface of the moving plate (1031) through bolts.

5. The cooling tower for producing vitamin K3 according to claim 3, characterized in that: The moving control assembly comprises a control sliding groove (1035) opened on the other side inside the cooling box (102), the inside of the control sliding groove (1035) is slidably provided with a control sliding rod (1036), and the end portion of the control sliding rod (1036) is fixed to the side surface of the moving plate (1031) through bolts.

6. The cooling tower for producing vitamin K3 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regular dismounting and cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning opening (1038) opened on the front surface of the cooling box (102), the inside of the cleaning opening (1038) is fixedly provided with a protective plate (1039) through locking bolts, and the inner surface of the protective plate (1039) is clampingly installed with a sealing gasket (1030).

7. The cooling tower for producing vitamin K3 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping cleaning assembly comprises an auxiliary gear ring (1064) arranged at the top edge of the built-in cooling stirring barrel (106), both sides of the interior of the auxiliary gear ring (1064) are fixedly provided with scrapers (1063), the inner surface of the scraper (1063) is in contact with the inner surface of the built-in cooling stirring barrel (106), the interior of the top edge of the built-in cooling stirring barrel (106) is provided with a rotating groove (1065), and the rotating groove (1065) is rotatably provided with a rotating ring (1066); the bottom end of the rotating ring (1066) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the auxiliary gear ring (1064) through welding.

8. The cooling tower for producing vitamin K3 according to claim 7, wherein: The driving assembly comprises a driving motor (1061) fixedly arranged through bolts, the end of the driving motor (1061) is rotatably provided with a driving gear (1062) in the interior of the built-in cooling stirring barrel (106), and the outer surface of the driving gear (1062) is engaged with the outer surface of the auxiliary gear ring (1064).

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