Alloy smelting electric furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses an alloy smelting electric furnace which comprises a furnace body, a water-cooled furnace cover is arranged on the upper portion of the furnace body in a covering mode, and the inner wall of the furnace body comprises a hearth composed of a lining. The furnace cover three-way feeding pipe is arranged on the water-cooled furnace cover in a penetrating mode, one opening of the furnace cover three-way feeding pipe is fixedly connected with the hearth receiving pipe, a telescopic pipe and an integrated stock bin which are sequentially connected are arranged in the extending direction of the hearth receiving pipe, and a pneumatic gate valve, an air cylinder, a telescopic pipe return detection element and a telescopic pipe connection detection element are further arranged on the telescopic pipe; the furnace frame is arranged below the furnace body, a rotating frame is vertically arranged at one end of the furnace frame, a conductive cross arm and a cross arm supporting guide wheel are arranged on the rotating frame, the graphite electrode is arranged on the furnace cover in a penetrating mode and clamped by the conductive cross arm, and a rotating opening and closing detection element and a hydraulic control one-way valve are further arranged on the furnace frame; and a control system. Vanadium oxide powder materials are accurately injected into the hearth through the telescopic pipe and the furnace cover three-way feeding pipe, and remote one-key control over feeding and ignition production is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to vanadium metallurgy technical field especially relates to an alloy smelting electric furnace. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the exploitation and extraction process of vanadium resources, the traditional vanadium extraction process is often accompanied by the problem of low resource utilization rate, and most of the resources are wasted or only get low value-added products. This not only increases the production cost, but also limits the sustainable use of vanadium resources.

[0003] In the alloy smelting process, the selection of feeding time has important influence on smelting effect. If the feeding time is too early or too late, it may lead to unstable smelting process, and even cause smelting failure. When feeding manually, it is difficult to accurately control the feeding time due to the different experience and judgment of workers.

[0004] The traditional manual feeding method needs workers to manually put raw materials into the electric furnace. This method not only has high labor intensity, but also has slow feeding speed, which easily affects the production efficiency. Especially in large-scale alloy smelting enterprises, manual feeding often becomes the bottleneck of production capacity.

[0005] Therefore, the prior art should be improved to solve the above technical problems in the prior art. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0006] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide an alloy smelting electric furnace, which realizes remote one-key control, accurately adds vanadium oxide powder material into the hearth through the telescopic pipe and the furnace cover three-way feeding pipe, remotely controls the telescopic pipe secondary feeding, primary slagging, three times of feeding refining and tapping, has wide application range, low cost, good social and economic benefits.

[0007] According to one aspect of the utility model, an alloy smelting electric furnace is provided, which comprises:

[0008] The furnace body is provided with a water-cooled furnace cover above the furnace body, and the furnace body comprises a hearth composed of an inner lining;

[0009] The furnace cover three-way feeding pipe is provided on the water-cooled furnace cover, one opening of the furnace cover three-way feeding pipe is fixedly connected with the hearth receiving pipe, and the extension direction of the hearth receiving pipe is provided with a telescopic pipe and an integrated material bin connected in sequence, the telescopic pipe is further provided with a pneumatic plug valve, a gas cylinder capable of driving the telescopic pipe to extend and retract, a telescopic pipe retraction detection element and a telescopic pipe connection detection element;

[0010] The furnace frame is arranged below the furnace body for supporting the furnace body, one end of the furnace frame is vertically provided with a rotating frame through a rotating shaft, the rotating frame is provided with a conductive cross arm and a cross arm support guide wheel, one end of the graphite electrode is arranged on the furnace cover through an electrode hole, the other end is clamped by the conductive cross arm, the furnace frame is further provided with a rotating opening and closing detection element and a hydraulic control one-way valve; and a control system, the control system is in communication connection with the pneumatic plug valve, the rotating opening and closing detection element, the telescopic pipe retreat detection element and the telescopic pipe connection detection element.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the arc-shaped frame is arranged below the furnace body, and the bottom of the arc-shaped frame comprises a track.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the arc-shaped frame is arranged below the furnace body, and the bottom of the arc-shaped frame comprises a track.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the inner side wall of the arc-shaped frame is provided with an electric heating pipe.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the utility model, one end of the conductive cross arm is provided with a conductive chuck, and the graphite electrode is clamped in the conductive chuck.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the integrated bin is provided with a material level meter.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the water-cooled furnace cover is provided with an electromagnetic reversing valve.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the telescopic pipe comprises a telescopic inner pipe and a telescopic outer pipe sleeved outside the telescopic inner pipe, one end of the telescopic inner pipe is connected with the hearth receiving pipe, and one end of the telescopic outer pipe is connected with the integrated bin.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the water-cooled furnace cover is provided with a spiral water-cooled pipe, and a driving mechanism capable of driving the water-cooled furnace cover to ascend and descend is arranged between the water-cooled furnace cover and the furnace body.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the bottom of the hearth comprises a bottom electrode, and the driving mechanism can drive the graphite electrode to be connected with the bottom electrode.

[0020] The utility model can realize remote one-key control, accurately add vanadium oxide powder materials into the hearth through the telescopic pipe and the furnace cover tee feed pipe, remotely control the telescopic pipe to add materials for the second time, carry out primary slagging, three times of material adding refining and tapping, and has wide application range, low cost, good social and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required by the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an alloy smelting electric furnace according to an example embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0023] In the drawings:

[0024] 1, furnace body; 2, water-cooled furnace cover; 3, furnace cover tee inlet pipe; 4, hearth receiving pipe; 5, telescopic pipe; 6, integrated bin; 7, pneumatic plug valve; 8, air cylinder; 9, telescopic pipe retraction detection element; 10, telescopic pipe connection detection element; 11, rotating shaft; 12, conductive cross arm; 13, cross arm support guide wheel; 14, graphite electrode; 15, rotary opening and closing detection element; 16, maximum iron tapping angle detection element; 17, hydraulic control check valve; 18, arc-shaped frame; 19, tilting furnace oil cylinder; 20, water-cooled support; 21, rotating seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following detailed description of the embodiments is provided for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, which can be implemented in a number of different forms, not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but including all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

[0026] The present application provides these embodiments in order to make the present disclosure thorough and complete, and fully express the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement of components and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and values set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary, and not as limiting.

[0027] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is greater than or equal to two; the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0028] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When it is described that a specific device is located between the first device and the second device, there can be or can not be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device.

[0029] All terms used in the present application have the same meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or excessively formalized sense, unless otherwise defined herein.

[0030] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, these techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0031] As Figure 1 The utility model provides a kind of alloy smelting electric furnace, it includes: furnace body 1, water-cooled cover is equipped with on furnace body 1, furnace body 1 includes hearth with inner lining;Furnace cover tee feed pipe 3, furnace cover tee feed pipe 3 is worn on water-cooled cover 2, one opening of furnace cover tee feed pipe 3 is fixedly connected with hearth receiving pipe 4, and the extension direction of hearth receiving pipe 4 is provided with telescopic pipe 5 and integrated bin 6 connected in sequence, and pneumatic plug valve 7, cylinder 8 for controlling telescopic pipe 5 telescopic, telescopic pipe retreat detection element 9 and telescopic pipe connection detection element 10 are also provided on telescopic pipe 5;Furnace stand, furnace stand is arranged below furnace body 1 for supporting furnace body 1, and one end of furnace stand is vertically provided with rotary frame through pivot 11, and electrically conducting cross arm 12 and cross arm support guide wheel 13 are arranged on rotary frame, and graphite electrode 14 one end is worn on furnace cover through electrode hole, and the other end is clamped by electrically conducting cross arm 12, and rotary opening and closing detection element 15, tapping maximum angle detection element 16 and hydraulic control one-way valve 17 are also provided on furnace stand;And control system, control system is connected with pneumatic plug valve 7, and by controlling pneumatic plug valve 7 to open, thereby controlling that the material in integrated bin 6 is automatically entered into hearth.Control system is also connected with telescopic pipe retreat detection element 9, telescopic pipe connection detection element 10, rotary opening and closing detection element 15, tapping maximum angle detection element 16 and hydraulic control one-way valve 17.

[0032] This invention utilizes automatic feeding control to recover vanadium-containing materials from dust removal and automatically add electrode arc-starting materials during the early stages of smelting. This ensures remote intelligent control of ignition and smelting in the electric furnace. Simultaneously, it controls the arc flow, arc pressure, and electrode lifting and lowering via hydraulic proportional valves to maintain the molten pool temperature at 1680~1900℃, promoting the full reduction reaction of vanadium oxide materials and facilitating the full floating oxidation and volatilization of Al2O3, thereby effectively reducing the calcium aluminate content in the vanadium melt.

[0033] The control system confirms that the telescopic tube is connected and rotated into position until the furnace body 1 is in the correct position based on the telescopic tube retraction detection element 9 and the telescopic tube connection detection element 10. Then, it controls the pneumatic slide valve 7 to open the integrated hopper 6 to feed material.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, an arc-shaped frame 18 is provided below the furnace body 1, and the bottom of the arc-shaped frame 18 includes a track. As the main supporting structure of the furnace body 1, the stability of the arc-shaped frame 18 is crucial to the operation of the entire smelting equipment. The track allows the arc-shaped frame 18 to move smoothly along a preset trajectory, avoiding safety hazards caused by shaking or deviation of the furnace body 1 during tilting. The track also limits the range of movement of the arc-shaped frame 18 and the furnace body 1, preventing accidents such as loss of control or collapse of the furnace body 1 due to improper operation or external forces.

[0035] Based on the above embodiments, a tilting cylinder 19 is provided below the arc-shaped frame 18 to drive the furnace body 1 to tilt. The tilting cylinder 19, through a hydraulic transmission mechanism, can precisely control the tilt angle and inclination of the furnace body 1, allowing it to tilt at a predetermined angle and direction to meet different process requirements. By controlling the tilt of the furnace body 1, the tilting cylinder 19 enables the rapid and smooth discharge of molten steel and slag, thereby helping to reduce their temperature and providing favorable conditions for the smooth progress of subsequent processes (such as casting and cooling).

[0036] In some specific embodiments, an electric heating tube is provided on the inner side wall of the arc frame 18. The electric heating tube can quickly convert electrical energy into heat energy and heat the object being heated through heat radiation and heat conduction, thereby achieving the effect of rapid heating.

[0037] Based on the above embodiments, a conductive clamp is provided at one end of the conductive cross arm 12, and the graphite electrode 14 is clamped in the conductive clamp. The conductive clamp can firmly hold the graphite electrode 14, ensuring a stable and reliable connection between the graphite electrode 14 and the conductive cross arm 12. Such a connection helps to reduce production interruptions and equipment damage caused by the graphite electrode 14 loosening or falling off.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, a material level meter is arranged on the integrated bin 6 to monitor the material level in the integrated bin 6 in real time, providing accurate material remaining information. By accurately controlling the storage amount, production interruptions caused by overfilling or overemptying of the integrated bin 6 can be avoided, ensuring the continuity and stability of production. Real-time monitoring and automatic control can also reduce human intervention and waiting time, optimize the production process, and improve production efficiency.

[0039] On the basis of the above embodiments, an electromagnetic reversing valve is arranged on the water-cooled furnace cover 2. The electromagnetic reversing valve can accurately control the flow of cooling water in the water-cooled furnace cover 2. When the temperature in the water-cooled furnace exceeds the set value, the electromagnetic reversing valve will quickly open to introduce cooling water into the furnace, achieving rapid cooling. Conversely, when the temperature is below the set value, the electromagnetic reversing valve will automatically close to stop water supply, thereby maintaining stable furnace temperature.

[0040] In some specific embodiments, the telescopic pipe 5 includes a telescopic inner pipe and a telescopic outer pipe sleeved outside the telescopic inner pipe. One end of the telescopic inner pipe is connected with the hearth receiving pipe 4, and one end of the telescopic outer pipe is connected with the integrated bin 6. The design of the telescopic pipe 5 enables smooth transmission of materials between the hearth and the integrated bin 6, reducing resistance and time during transmission and improving production efficiency.

[0041] On the basis of the above embodiments, a spiral water-cooled pipe is arranged in the water-cooled furnace cover 2, and a driving mechanism capable of driving the water-cooled furnace cover 2 to rise and fall is arranged between the water-cooled furnace cover 2 and the furnace body 1. The driving mechanism can accurately control the lifting height and speed of the water-cooled furnace cover 2 according to needs to adapt to different smelting processes and operation requirements. When the furnace body 1 or the water-cooled furnace cover 2 needs to be maintained, repaired or replaced, the driving mechanism can conveniently drive the water-cooled furnace cover 2 to rise and fall, reducing manual intervention and improving operation efficiency.

[0042] On the basis of the above embodiments, the bottom of the hearth includes a bottom electrode, and the driving mechanism can drive the graphite electrode 14 to connect with the bottom electrode. The driving mechanism can accurately control the connection and disconnection process of the graphite electrode 14 and the bottom electrode, realizing automatic operation, reducing manual intervention, and improving production efficiency.

[0043] On the basis of the above embodiments, the control system is a PLC control system. The PLC control system has strong programmability, high stability, easy operation and maintenance, and can meet various control requirements, run reliably in harsh environments, and reduce operation and maintenance costs. It also provides advanced control functions and communication capabilities, meeting industry standards.

[0044] On the basis of the above embodiments, a water-cooled support 20 is further included, which is fixedly connected with the water-cooled furnace shell to provide necessary support and heat dissipation for the water-cooled furnace shell.

[0045] On the basis of the above embodiment, a rotating seat 21 is further included, which is arranged on the vertical part of the rotating shaft 11 and located below the water-cooled support 20.

[0046] One specific application of the present application is: PLC control system operation, detection of rotation limit, furnace cover rotation trigger signal; cylinder 8 on telescopic pipe 5 extends, telescopic pipe connection detection element 10 trigger signal; open pneumatic plug valve 7, automatic loading of materials in the centralized control silo into the hearth; after the completion of the trigger of the material level meter in the integrated silo 6, the material loading is completed; pneumatic plug valve 7 is closed; cylinder 8 on telescopic pipe 5 retreats and sends out a trigger signal; water-cooled furnace cover 2 electromagnetic reversing valve closing signal trigger; PLC control center retrieves: cooling circulating water flow and pressure, hydraulic system flow and pressure, furnace body 1 horizontal interlock normal, system has no fault or alarm, and displays normally; alloy smelting electric furnace transformer high-voltage closing, PLC control electrode ignition smelting.

[0047] The utility model at least has the following beneficial effects: in the early stage of smelting operation, through the highly integrated automatic feeding system, the operation of the dust removal device is accurately controlled, the vanadium-containing material is effectively recovered and treated, and the automatic injection of the electrode arc starting material is realized, so that the cleaning of the smelting environment and the efficient use of resources are ensured, and the basis for subsequent electric furnace remote intelligent control ignition smelting is provided. On this basis, with the help of hydraulic proportional valve technology, fine adjustment of arc current (arc current), arc voltage (arc voltage) and electrode lifting speed is realized. This precise control mechanism can stably maintain the ideal range of 1680~1900℃ of the molten pool temperature, and create the best conditions for the deep reduction reaction of vanadium oxide material.

[0048] In this temperature range, vanadium oxide material can fully undergo reduction reaction and be converted into the required vanadium metal or vanadium alloy, and Al2O3 (aluminum oxide) and other impurities generated during smelting process can be fully floated to the surface of the molten pool, and then effectively removed through oxidation, volatilization and other physical and chemical processes. This process not only accelerates the separation of impurities, but also significantly reduces the content of harmful impurities such as calcium aluminate in the final vanadium liquid, improves the quality purity and performance stability of vanadium products, and provides high-quality raw material guarantee for downstream processing and application links.

[0049] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any above-mentioned embodiment is merely exemplary and is not intended to suggest that the scope (including claims) of the present embodiments is limited to these examples; under the thought of the present embodiments, the above-mentioned embodiments or technical features in different embodiments can also be combined, and there are many other changes of different aspects of the present embodiments as above. In order to be brief, they are not provided in details. Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the present embodiments.

Claims

1. An alloy smelting electric furnace, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a graphite electrode furnace control system, including: Furnace body, the water cooling furnace cover is equipped with above the furnace body, the furnace body includes the hearth with inner lining; Furnace cover tee feed pipe, the furnace cover tee feed pipe is worn on the water cooling furnace cover, one opening of the furnace cover tee feed pipe is fixedly connected with the hearth receiving pipe, the extension direction of the hearth receiving pipe is provided with telescopic pipe and integrated bin connected in proper order, the telescopic pipe is also provided with pneumatic plug-in valve, the cylinder that can drive telescopic pipe telescopic, telescopic pipe retreat detection element and telescopic pipe connection detection element; Furnace frame, the furnace frame is set up below the furnace body for supporting the furnace body, one end of the furnace frame is vertically provided with rotary frame through the rotating shaft, the rotary frame is provided with conductive cross arm and cross arm support guide wheel, one end of graphite electrode is worn on the furnace cover through electrode hole, the other end is clamped by the conductive cross arm, the furnace frame is also provided with rotary opening and closing detection element and hydraulic control check valve;And Control system, the control system is connected with the pneumatic plug-in valve, the rotary opening and closing detection element, telescopic pipe retreat detection element, telescopic pipe connection detection element communication connection.

2. The alloy smelting electric furnace of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the arc frame includes a track.

3. The alloy smelting electric furnace of claim 2, wherein, The arc frame is provided with a tilting oil cylinder below the arc frame, which can drive the furnace body to tilt.

4. The alloy smelting electric furnace of claim 2, wherein, The inner side wall of the arc frame is provided with an electric heating pipe.

5. The alloy smelting electric furnace of claim 1, wherein, One end of the conductive cross arm is provided with a conductive chuck, and the graphite electrode is clamped in the conductive chuck.

6. The alloy smelting electric furnace of claim 1, wherein, The integrated bin is provided with a level meter.

7. The alloy smelting electric furnace of claim 1, wherein, The water cooling furnace cover is provided with an electromagnetic reversing valve.

8. The alloy smelting electric furnace of claim 1, wherein, The telescopic pipe includes a telescopic inner tube and a telescopic outer tube sleeved outside the telescopic inner tube, one end of the telescopic inner tube is connected with the hearth receiving pipe, and one end of the telescopic outer tube is connected with the integrated bin.

9. The alloy smelting electric furnace of claim 1 wherein, The water cooling furnace cover is provided with a spiral water cooling pipe, and a driving mechanism is arranged between the water cooling furnace cover and the furnace body to drive the water cooling furnace cover to ascend and descend.

10. The alloy smelting electric furnace of claim 9, wherein, The bottom of the hearth includes a bottom electrode, and the driving mechanism can drive the graphite electrode to connect with the bottom electrode.

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