Wing-shaped column liquid cooling plate
By designing staggered airfoil column liquid cooling plates, the flow separation problem is solved, heat transfer efficiency and heat dissipation performance are improved, making it suitable for efficient cooling of IGBTs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423085729.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-13
AI Technical Summary
The existing flow channel structure of liquid cooling plates leads to coolant flow separation, resulting in insufficient utilization of the surface area and affecting heat transfer efficiency.
Design an airfoil column liquid cooling plate comprising a base plate, a top cover plate and staggered airfoil columns, with optimized flow channel structure to reduce flow separation and improve heat transfer efficiency.
It significantly improves heat dissipation efficiency, enhances heat transfer performance, and reduces flow resistance to meet processing requirements.
Smart Images
Figure CN223612417U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of liquid cooling plate structure, specifically is a wing type column liquid cooling plate. BACKGROUND
[0002] Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is a commonly used key component in modern electronic power products. IGBT is well known for its high efficiency under high voltage and high current, and is widely used in automobile inverters, industrial driving devices and renewable energy converters in electric vehicles, playing a crucial role. IGBT has good power switching capability, which can greatly improve the performance and life of electronic power systems. However, the heat dissipation capacity of IGBT, especially its heat flow density, is significantly increased, and the operating efficiency of IGBT will be restricted by the heat power. Most of the failure of IGBT module is related to thermal failure. The accumulation of heat will increase the thermal stress and reduce the use efficiency, which will seriously affect the working performance of the device. Excessive temperature will pose a serious threat to most components and even the entire system, and even destroy it. Therefore, a good thermal management solution must be selected to ensure the normal operation of IGBT, and the liquid cooling plate with high efficient heat transfer function becomes a reliable cooling mechanism to ensure the normal operation of IGBT.
[0003] The flow channel structure of the liquid cooling plate plays a key role in the performance of the cooling plate. Generally speaking, for forced convection heat transfer, the higher the heat dissipation area, the higher the heat transfer efficiency. However, for conventional square columns, circular columns and elliptical columns, the fluid will flow through the column and produce flow separation phenomenon behind the column, resulting in that the overall surface area is not fully utilized. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a columnar structure that can optimize heat transfer, so that the surface area can be fully utilized to improve the heat transfer efficiency. SUMMARY
[0004] In view of the above problems, the utility model provides a wing type column liquid cooling plate which guides the cooling liquid to fully flow through the surface area of the bottom plate and improves the heat transfer efficiency.
[0005] A wing type column liquid cooling plate, characterized in that it comprises:
[0006] a bottom plate;
[0007] an upper cover plate comprising a peripheral baffle and a top plate, wherein the top plate is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged at both ends of the length direction of the top plate;
[0008] Each group of airfoil columns sequentially includes a front inflow end, a middle first width maintaining end, a middle second width reducing end, and a tail tip end along the flow direction. The front inflow end is a semi-elliptical profile, which is symmetrically arranged about the X central axis parallel to the length direction of the top plate or the bottom plate. The two side rear ends of the front inflow end are connected to the two side edges of the middle first width maintaining end. The rear ends of the two side edges of the middle first width maintaining end are respectively connected to the starting sides of the middle second width reducing end. The corresponding side edges of the closed end of the second width reducing end are connected to the starting ends of the corresponding bevel edges of the tail tip end. The terminal ends of the corresponding bevel edges of the tail tip end are connected to each other and intersect.
[0009] A plurality of groups of arranged airfoil columns are arranged on the central area of the upper surface of the bottom plate. The bottom of the airfoil column is connected to the bottom plate as a whole. The upper surface of the airfoil column is close to the lower surface of the top plate. The bottom of the peripheral baffle is welded to the corresponding upper surface of the bottom plate to form a liquid cooling cavity. A plurality of airfoil columns are arranged in the liquid cooling cavity.
[0010] It further has the following characteristics:
[0011] It further has the following characteristics:
[0012] A plurality of groups of airfoil columns are arranged along the length direction of the bottom plate in a sequential arrangement mode of outer airfoil column groups and inner airfoil column groups. Each group of outer airfoil column groups includes Y-direction outer airfoil columns located on both sides of the width direction of the liquid cooling cavity and a plurality of first inner airfoil columns arranged uniformly along the width between the corresponding group of Y-direction outer airfoil columns. Each group of inner airfoil column groups includes a plurality of second inner airfoil columns arranged in the width direction interval area of the airfoil columns of the adjacent group of outer airfoil column groups. Each group of second inner airfoil columns of the inner airfoil column group is arranged inwardly along the X direction relative to the outer airfoil column group at the inflow end. The outer airfoil column group at the outflow end in the inflow direction is arranged inwardly along the X direction relative to the outer airfoil column group at the inflow end. An inner airfoil column group is arranged in the interval area between the two adjacent groups of outer airfoil column groups, which enables the cooling liquid in the flow channel between the two adjacent groups of airfoil columns in the width direction of the outer airfoil column group to reliably pass through the rear inner airfoil column group for heat exchange and cooling operation.
[0013] When the top cover plate, the bottom plate, and the airfoil columns are made of copper, each group of airfoil columns has a layer of copper welding sheet arranged on the upper surface. The copper welding sheet is close to the corresponding position of the lower surface of the top plate, which ensures that the airfoil columns reliably conduct heat energy to the top cover plate.
[0014] Preferably, the length L of each airfoil column is 4-6 mm, the end of the front end of the inflow end of the airfoil column is the widest part of the airfoil column, which is located at the position of 20% of the length of the airfoil column, and the width B of the widest part is 1-1.5 mm;
[0015] The width direction interval La between each adjacent airfoil column in each column of airfoil column groups is 4B, which ensures that the airfoil columns corresponding to the airfoil column groups of the adjacent columns are arranged behind or in front of the middle position of the width region of the two airfoil column groups;
[0016] The interval distance between the front end of the inflow end of the airfoil column of the outer row airfoil column group and the front end of the inflow end of the airfoil column of the adjacent inner row airfoil column group is Lb, and Lb=0.6L-1L;
[0017] The interval distance between the front end of the inflow end of the rear airfoil column and the front end of the inflow end of the front airfoil column of each row of airfoil columns is Lc, and Lc=1.6L-2L.
[0018] After the structure of the utility model is used, the bottom plate contains a plurality of airfoil columns, the size meets the process standard of the forging and pressing process, the material of the whole liquid cooling plate can be selected according to the heat dissipation performance requirement, and the outer edge of the lower bottom plate changes according to the actual structure of the IGBT. The similar long liquid cooling plate structure can adapt to the arrangement of the IGBT heat source. The flow channel above the bottom plate is composed of staggered airfoil columns. The liquid flow speed in the liquid cooling plate is lower than that of air cooling. The liquid flows through the semi-elliptical profile of the front end of the inflow end of the airfoil plate. The near-wall streamline can be close to the trailing edge surface of the airfoil. The flow separation point is the intersection point of the terminal ends of the corresponding bevels of the tail tip. Therefore, the boundary layer of the tail end is thinner, so that the surface area of the airfoil column can be fully utilized, and the heat dissipation efficiency is significantly improved. The structure of the airfoil column not only has the effect of strengthening heat transfer and reducing flow resistance, but also can act as a support column of the liquid cooling plate, so that the deformation amount under the action of external force in the processing and forming process is small, and the processing requirement can be met. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 It is a perspective view structural schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 It is a perspective explosion schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of the bottom plate of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 4 It is a top view schematic diagram of the local airfoil column arrangement suitable for the utility model;
[0023] Figure 5 It is a top view schematic diagram of the bottom plate of the comparative example one of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 6The top view schematic view of the bottom plate of the second comparative example of the utility model;
[0025] The names corresponding to the serial numbers in the figure are as follows:
[0026] The bottom plate 10, the upper cover plate 20, the peripheral baffle 21, the top plate 22, the water inlet 23, the water outlet 24, the airfoil column 30, the front end inflow end 31, the middle first width maintaining end 32, the middle second width reducing end 33, the tail end pointed end 34, the water inlet and outlet nozzle 40, the liquid cooling cavity 50, the outer row airfoil column group 60, the Y direction outer side airfoil column 61, the first inner side airfoil column 62, the inner row airfoil column group 70, the second inner side airfoil column 71. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] An airfoil column liquid cooling plate, see Figures 1-4 , which comprises a bottom plate 10, an upper cover plate 20, a plurality of airfoil columns 30, two groups of water inlet and outlet nozzles 40.
[0028] The upper cover plate 20 comprises a peripheral baffle 21 and a top plate 22, and the top plate 22 is provided with a water inlet 23 and a water outlet 24, and the water inlet 23 and the water outlet 24 are arranged at both ends of the length direction of the top plate 22.
[0029] Each group of airfoil columns 30 (see Figure 4 ) sequentially comprises a front end inflow end 31, a middle first width maintaining end 32, a middle second width reducing end 33 and a tail end pointed end 34 along the flow direction, the front end inflow end 31 is a half-elliptical contour, the half-elliptical contour is symmetrically arranged about the X central axis which is parallel to the length direction of the top plate 22 or the bottom plate 10, the rear ends of the two sides of the front end inflow end 31 are butt-jointed to the two side edges of the middle first width maintaining end 32, the rear ends of the two side edges of the middle first width maintaining end 32 are butt-jointed to the starting sides of the middle second width reducing end 33 respectively, the corresponding side edges of the closed end of the second width reducing end 33 are connected to the starting ends of the corresponding oblique edges of the tail end pointed end 34, and the terminal ends of the corresponding oblique edges of the tail end pointed end are interconnected and intersected.
[0030] The central region of the upper surface of the bottom plate 10 is arranged with a plurality of groups of arranged airfoil columns 30, the bottom of the airfoil column 30 is integrated with the bottom plate 10, the upper surface of the airfoil column 30 is tightly attached to the lower surface of the top plate 22, the bottom of the peripheral baffle 21 is welded to the corresponding upper surface of the bottom plate 10 to form a liquid cooling cavity 50, a plurality of airfoil columns 30 are arranged in the liquid cooling cavity 50, and the water inlet and outlet nozzles 40 are respectively welded to the corresponding water inlets 23 and water outlets 24.
[0031] In specific implementation, the arrangement of the plurality of airfoil columns is sequentially arranged along the length direction of the bottom plate 10 in the manner of sequentially arranging the outer row airfoil column group 60 and the inner row airfoil column group 70, each outer row airfoil column group 60 includes Y-direction outer side airfoil columns 61 located on both sides in the width direction of the liquid cooling cavity and a plurality of first inner side airfoil columns 62 arranged and disposed uniformly along the width between the corresponding group of Y-direction outer side airfoil columns 61, each inner row airfoil column group 70 includes a plurality of second inner side airfoil columns 71 arranged and disposed in the width direction interval area of the airfoil columns 30 of the adjacent row of outer row airfoil column groups 60, each group of second inner side airfoil columns 71 of the inner row airfoil column group 70 is arranged and disposed inwardly along the X direction relative to the outer row airfoil column group 60 at the inflow end, the outer row airfoil column group 60 at the outflow end in the inflow direction is arranged and disposed inwardly along the X direction relative to the outer row airfoil column group 60 at the inflow end, and a group of inner row airfoil column groups 70 is arranged and disposed in the interval area between the two adjacent groups of outer row airfoil column groups 60, which enables the cooling liquid in the flow channel between the two adjacent groups of airfoil columns 30 in the width direction of the outer row airfoil column group 60 to reliably pass through the rear inner row airfoil column group 70 for heat exchange and cooling.
[0032] In specific implementation, when the top cover plate 20, the bottom plate 10, and the airfoil column 30 are made of copper, a layer of copper soldering sheet is arranged on the upper surface of each group of airfoil columns 30, which is tightly attached to the lower surface of the corresponding position of the top plate 22, thereby ensuring that the airfoil column 30 reliably conducts heat energy to the top cover plate 20.
[0033] In specific implementation, three liquid cooling plates with the same heat dissipation area are designed, which are airfoil column, cylindrical column, and elliptical column structures, respectively.
[0034] The specific embodiment is an airfoil column liquid cooling plate, wherein the length L of each airfoil column 30 is 5 mm, the end of the front end inflow end is the widest part of the airfoil column, which is located at the position of 20% of the length area of the airfoil column 30, and the width B of the widest part is 1 mm.
[0035] The width direction interval La between each adjacent airfoil column 30 in each column of airfoil column groups is 4 mm, which ensures that the airfoil columns 30 corresponding to the airfoil column groups of the adjacent columns are arranged behind or in front of the middle position of the width area of the two groups of airfoil columns 30.
[0036] The interval distance Lb between the front end inflow end 31 of the airfoil column 30 of the outer row airfoil column group 60 and the front end inflow end 31 of the airfoil column 30 of the adjacent inner row airfoil column group 70 is Lb, Lb = 4 mm.
[0037] The interval distance Lc between the front end inflow end of the rear airfoil column and the front airfoil column of each row of airfoil columns is Lc, Lc = 8 mm.
[0038] In Comparative Example 1, the cylindrical columns of the cylindrical column liquid cooling plate are arranged as shown in Figure 5 .
[0039] The elliptical cylinder arrangement of the elliptical cylinder liquid cooling plate is shown in Figure 6 .
[0040] The contactable heat conduction areas formed by all the heat exchange columns in the specific embodiment and the comparative examples one and two are approximately equal.
[0041] The comprehensive performance of the heat sink can be quantitatively evaluated by a comprehensive factor η:
[0042]
[0043] The greater the value, the better the performance, wherein Nu is the Nusselt number, representing the speed of heat transfer, and the temperature difference ΔT=T case -T inlet is inversely proportional;
[0044] f is the Darcy-Weisbach friction factor, representing the dimensionless pressure drop, and the pressure drop of the heat sink is proportional.
[0045] Under the condition that other conditions are the same, we can similarly define a new parameter η * to represent the comprehensive performance of the heat sink, wherein Δp0 and ΔT0 are the pressure drop and temperature difference of the standard working condition (airfoil type):
[0046]
[0047] The following table data is obtained by measurement:
[0048]
[0049]
[0050] The results show that under the condition of the same heat dissipation area, the overall performance of the airfoil structure is improved by about 3% compared with the elliptical cylinder structure, and the performance is improved by about 28% compared with the circular structure.
[0051] The working principle is as follows: the lower surface of the bottom plate is connected with the IGBT wafer heat source through heat-conducting glue, and then heat is quickly absorbed and transmitted to the bottom plate and the airfoil column through heat conduction, low-temperature liquid flows into the liquid cooling cavity filled with the airfoil column from the water inlet along the water inlet, the liquid exchanges heat with the airfoil column, the upper cover plate and the bottom plate in the flow channel through convection heat exchange, and finally the heated liquid flows out of the water outlet and transmits heat to the low-temperature environment to release heat, and the work is repeated. The bottom plate comprises a plurality of airfoil columns, the size of which meets the process standard of the forging and pressing process, and the material of the whole liquid cooling plate can be selected as aluminum or copper according to the heat dissipation performance requirement; the outer edge of the lower bottom plate is changed according to the actual structure of the IGBT, and the similar long liquid cooling plate structure can be adapted to the arrangement of the IGBT heat source; the flow channel above the bottom plate is composed of staggered airfoil columns; the liquid flow speed in the liquid cooling plate is lower than that of air cooling, the liquid flows through the semi-elliptical contour of the front inlet end of the airfoil plate, the near-wall streamline can be close to the trailing edge surface of the airfoil, and the flow separation point is the intersection point of the corresponding bevel end of the tail tip, so that the boundary layer of the tail end is thinner, so that the surface area of the airfoil column can be fully utilized, and the heat dissipation efficiency is significantly improved; the structure of the airfoil column not only has the effect of strengthening heat transfer and reducing flow resistance, but also can act as a support column of the liquid cooling plate, so that the deformation amount under the action of external force in the processing forming process is small, and the processing requirement can be met.
[0052] It is obvious for those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and the utility model can be realized in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the utility model. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the utility model. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the involved claims.
[0053] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description manner of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be combined to form other embodiments which can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. An airfoil column liquid cooling plate, characterized by, It comprises: a bottom plate; an upper cover plate comprising a peripheral baffle, a top plate, the top plate being provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet and the water outlet being arranged at both ends of the length direction of the top plate; a plurality of airfoil-shaped columns, each group of airfoil-shaped columns sequentially comprising a front end inlet end, a middle first width maintaining end, a middle second width reducing end and a tail end, the front end inlet end being a semi-elliptical profile, the semi-elliptical profile being symmetrically arranged about the X central axis which is parallel to the length direction of the top plate or the bottom plate, the two side rear ends of the front end inlet end being connected to the two side edges of the middle first width maintaining end, the rear ends of the two side edges of the middle first width maintaining end being respectively connected to the starting sides of the middle second width reducing end, the corresponding side edges of the closed ends of the second width reducing end being connected to the starting ends of the corresponding inclined edges of the tail end, and the ends of the corresponding inclined edges of the tail end being connected to each other; a plurality of groups of airfoil-shaped columns arranged on the central area of the upper surface of the bottom plate, the bottom of the airfoil-shaped column being connected to the bottom plate as a whole, the upper surface of the airfoil-shaped column being close to the lower surface of the top plate, and the bottom of the peripheral baffle being welded to the corresponding upper surface of the bottom plate to form a liquid cooling cavity, a plurality of airfoil-shaped columns being arranged in the liquid cooling cavity.
2. The wing-type column liquid cooling plate of claim 1, wherein: It further comprises two groups of water inlet and outlet nozzles, the water inlet and outlet nozzles being respectively welded to the corresponding water inlet and water outlet.
3. The liquid cooling plate of claim 1, wherein: The arrangement of the plurality of airfoil-shaped columns is sequentially arranged along the length direction of the bottom plate in the manner of outer airfoil-shaped column group and inner airfoil-shaped column group, each group of outer airfoil-shaped column group comprising Y-direction outer airfoil-shaped columns located on both sides of the width direction of the liquid cooling cavity and a plurality of first inner airfoil-shaped columns arranged uniformly along the width between the corresponding group of Y-direction outer airfoil-shaped columns, and each group of inner airfoil-shaped column group comprising a plurality of second inner airfoil-shaped columns arranged in the width interval area of the airfoil-shaped columns of the adjacent group of outer airfoil-shaped column group, each group of second inner airfoil-shaped columns of the inner airfoil-shaped column group being arranged inwardly along the X direction relative to the outer airfoil-shaped column group at the inlet end, the outer airfoil-shaped column group at the outlet end of the flow direction being arranged inwardly along the X direction relative to the outer airfoil-shaped column group at the inlet end, and a group of inner airfoil-shaped column group being arranged in the interval area between the two adjacent groups of outer airfoil-shaped column group.
4. The wing-type column liquid cooling board according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the upper cover plate, the bottom plate and the airfoil-shaped column are made of copper, each group of airfoil-shaped columns is provided with a layer of copper welding sheet close to the lower surface of the corresponding position of the top plate.
5. The wing-type column liquid cooling board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length L of each airfoil-shaped column is 4-6 mm, the end of the front end inlet end is the widest part of the airfoil-shaped column, which is located at the position of 20% of the length of the airfoil-shaped column, and the width B of the widest part is 1-1.5 mm.
6. The wing-type column liquid cooling board according to claim 5, characterized in that: The width direction interval La between each adjacent airfoil-shaped column in each column of airfoil-shaped column group is 4B, which ensures that the corresponding airfoil-shaped columns of the adjacent column of airfoil-shaped column group are arranged behind or in front of the middle position of the width area of the two groups of airfoil-shaped columns.
7. The wing-type column liquid cooling board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The interval distance between the front end inlet end of the airfoil-shaped column of the outer airfoil-shaped column group and the front end inlet end of the airfoil-shaped column of the adjacent inner airfoil-shaped column group is Lb, Lb=0.6L-1L.
8. The wing-type column liquid cooling board according to claim 7, characterized in that: The interval distance between the front end inflow end of the rear aerofoil column and the front aerofoil column of each row of aerofoil columns is Lc, Lc = 1.6L~2L.