Voltage holding circuit
By designing voltage holding circuits for the first and second power transmission modules connected in parallel, the problem of output power loss in the vehicle power supply system during voltage fluctuations or power outages is solved, achieving seamless switching and simplified system integration, and reducing the size and weight of the energy storage capacitor.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423163751.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing vehicle power supply systems are prone to output power loss when the input voltage fluctuates, there is a momentary power outage, or the main and backup power supply switches, which affects the normal operation of the system. In addition, the system design has problems such as large size, heavy weight and low integration.
A voltage holding circuit is designed, comprising a first power transmission module and a second power transmission module connected in parallel. The first module consists of a diode D1, and the second module consists of a boost unit, an energy storage unit, and a buck unit. The boost unit increases the voltage and stores it, the buck unit stabilizes the output voltage, and the current limiting unit limits the surge current, thus achieving seamless switching.
It enables seamless switching of voltage output under voltage fluctuations or power outages, avoids power outages, simplifies system structure, facilitates integration, and reduces the size and weight of energy storage capacitors.
Smart Images
Figure CN223613048U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model mainly relates to power supply transmission technical field, especially relates to a voltage holding circuit. BACKGROUND
[0002] Power supply is generally a process of providing power support for electrical equipment. For example, a vehicle-mounted power supply system is a system used in a vehicle interior to provide power, which provides power support for vehicle-mounted electronic devices, navigation systems, sound systems, air conditioners and the like. The vehicle-mounted power supply system needs to meet the power supply and management of various AC and DC devices. A new type of vehicle-mounted power supply system generally includes an AC input, an AC control circuit, an AC / DC circuit and an auxiliary circuit, etc., and can provide continuous, stable and sufficient power supply support with high reliability. When the vehicle-mounted power supply system switches between different AC power supply modes, improper handling may cause transient overcurrent, power failure and other problems, which will affect the normal operation of vehicle-mounted electronic devices and may even cause damage to the devices.
[0003] In some vehicle-mounted, airborne and other high-reliability power supply systems, output power failure is not allowed under conditions such as input voltage fluctuation, transient power failure or main and standby power supply switching. Whether it is a vehicle-mounted or airborne system, power failure may have a serious impact on the normal operation of the system. Therefore, the design of high-reliability power supply systems and effective preventive measures are crucial to ensure the stable operation of these systems. Some power transmission systems establish multiple power supply paths during design to ensure that power can be transmitted through other paths when a fault occurs in one path. However, the currently designed systems have problems such as large size and heavy weight, which limit the integration level of the system. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a voltage holding circuit with simple structure, easy integration, seamless switching of voltage output lines and avoidance of output power failure.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a voltage holding circuit, which comprises: a first power transmission module and a second power transmission module connected in parallel, wherein the first power transmission module comprises a diode D1, the positive electrode of the diode D1 is connected to a power supply system, and the negative electrode of the diode D1 is connected to a subsequent load system; the second power transmission module comprises a step-up unit, an energy storage unit and a step-down unit connected in sequence; the step-up unit is used to raise the input voltage and deliver the raised voltage to the energy storage unit; the energy storage unit is used to store electrical energy; and the step-down unit is used to receive the electrical energy released by the energy storage unit and provide an output voltage, wherein the output voltage is equal to or substantially equal to the output voltage provided by the first power transmission module.
[0006] Further, a current limiting unit is further included, which is connected between the voltage boosting unit and the energy storage unit, and used for limiting the inrush current generated by the energy storage unit.
[0007] Further, the voltage boosting unit comprises an inductor L1, a diode D2, a switch tube Q1 and a capacitor C3; one end of the inductor L1 is connected to the power supply system, the other end is connected to the drain of the switch tube Q1, the source of the switch tube Q1 is grounded and the gate is connected to a voltage boosting controller; the anode of the diode D2 is connected to the drain of the switch tube Q1, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C3, and the other end of the capacitor C3 is grounded.
[0008] Further, the current limiting unit comprises a switch tube Q2, the drain of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2, the source of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the energy storage unit, and the gate of the switch tube Q2 is connected to a current limiting controller.
[0009] Further, the energy storage unit comprises an energy storage capacitor C1, one end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is connected to the source of the switch tube Q2, and the other end is grounded.
[0010] Further, the voltage reducing unit comprises a switch tube Q3, a switch tube Q4, an inductor L2 and a capacitor C2; the drain of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the source of the switch tube Q2, the source of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the drain of the switch tube Q4, the source of the switch tube Q4 is grounded, and the switch tube Q3 and the switch tube Q4 are both connected to a voltage reducing controller; one end of the inductor L2 is connected to the source of the switch tube Q3, the other end of the inductor L2 is grounded through the capacitor C2, and the inductor L2 and the capacitor C2 are connected to a voltage output end.
[0011] Further, a diode D3 is further included, the anode of the diode D3 is connected between the inductor L2 and the capacitor C2, and the cathode is used as a voltage output end.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the parallel first power transmission module and second power transmission module are designed, wherein the first power transmission module comprises a diode D1, the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the power supply system, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the rear stage load system;The second power transmission module comprises a voltage boosting unit, an energy storage unit and a voltage reducing unit connected in sequence, the voltage boosting unit is used for raising the voltage of its input, and the raised voltage is delivered to the energy storage unit, the energy storage unit is used for storing electric energy, and the voltage reducing unit is used for receiving the electric energy released by the energy storage unit and providing an output voltage, and the output voltage is equal to or substantially equal to the output voltage provided by the first power transmission module, so that the voltage maintaining circuit is simple in structure, convenient to integrate, can realize seamless switching voltage output line and can avoid output power failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0013] The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with the description, function to explain the principles of the present application. In the drawings:
[0014] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a voltage holding circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0015] Figure 2 is another structural schematic diagram of a voltage holding circuit according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, the present application can be applied to other similar scenarios without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.
[0017] It should be understood that when a component is referred to as being "on", "connected to", "coupled to", or "contacting" another component, it can be directly on, connected to, coupled to, or contacting the other component, or intervening components can be present. In contrast, when a component is referred to as being "directly on", "directly connected to", "directly coupled to", or "directly contacting" another component, there are no intervening components present. Similarly, when a first component is referred to as being "electrically in contact with" or "electrically coupled to" a second component, there is an electrical path between the first component and the second component that allows current to flow. The electrical path can include capacitors, coupled inductors, and / or other components that allow current to flow, even if there is no direct contact between conductive components.
[0018] Reference Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the voltage holding circuit provided by the embodiment includes a first power transmission module and a second power transmission module in parallel, the first power transmission module includes a diode D1, a positive electrode of the diode D1 is connected to a power supply system, and a negative electrode of the diode D1 is connected to a subsequent load system. The second power transmission module includes a boost unit, an energy storage unit and a buck unit connected in sequence, the boost unit is used to raise the voltage input by it and deliver the raised voltage to the energy storage unit, the energy storage unit is used to store electric energy, and the buck unit is used to receive the electric energy released by the energy storage unit and provide an output voltage, wherein the output voltage is equal to or substantially equal to the output voltage provided by the first power transmission module.
[0019] Generally, the voltage maintaining circuit of the embodiment requires that the first power supply module and the second power supply module provide the same output voltage. However, in actual application, the theoretical voltage equality does not exist all the time. Therefore, the output voltage of the second power supply module is substantially equal to the output voltage provided by the first power supply module, and the required power supply requirement of the subsequent load system can be ensured.
[0020] In an implementation, the voltage maintaining circuit further comprises a current limiting unit connected between the voltage boosting unit and the energy storage unit, for limiting the inrush current generated by the energy storage unit. At the instant of starting, the capacity of the energy storage unit is very large, and the inrush current generated by the energy storage unit is also very large, which needs to be limited to protect the power supply system.
[0021] Reference Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the voltage boosting unit in the embodiment can comprise an inductor L1, a diode D2, a switch Q1 and a capacitor C3. One end of the inductor L1 is connected to the power supply system, the other end is connected to the drain of the switch Q1, the source of the switch Q1 is grounded and the gate is connected to the voltage boosting controller, the anode of the diode D2 is connected to the drain of the switch Q1, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C3, and the other end of the capacitor C3 is grounded. For example, the voltage boosting unit can raise the input voltage 28V to 55V or above, for energy storage, and through the voltage boosting function, a smaller capacity energy storage unit can be used to achieve the power supply requirement of the voltage maintaining circuit of the embodiment.
[0022] For example, if the input voltage value is 28V, the output power is 300W, the minimum output voltage is 16V, the input power-off time is 50ms, and the capacitor energy storage voltage is 55V, the required capacity of the energy storage capacitor is: If the energy storage is not performed by the voltage boosting method, the required capacity is: It can be seen that after the voltage boosting process, the capacity of the energy storage unit is only 20% of that without the process, which can greatly reduce the volume, weight and cost of the energy storage capacitor.
[0023] In an implementation, the current limiting unit can comprise a switch Q2, the drain of the switch Q2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D2, the source of the switch Q2 is connected to the energy storage unit, and the gate of the switch Q2 is connected to the current limiting controller. This structure is used to limit the inrush current generated by the energy storage unit, which will not be described here.
[0024] In an implementation, the energy storage unit can comprise an energy storage capacitor C1, one end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is connected to the source of the switch Q2, and the other end is grounded. The energy storage capacitor is a new type of energy storage device between the traditional capacitor and the rechargeable battery, which stores energy through the interface double layer formed between the electrode and the electrolyte, and has the characteristics of high power density, long cycle life, wide working temperature limit, and maintenance-free.
[0025] In one implementation, the buck unit may include switching transistors Q3 and Q4, inductor L2, and capacitor C2. The drain of switching transistor Q3 is connected to the source of switching transistor Q2, the source of switching transistor Q3 is connected to the drain of switching transistor Q4, the source of switching transistor Q4 is grounded, and both switching transistors Q3 and Q4 are connected to a buck controller. One end of inductor L2 is connected to the source of switching transistor Q3, and the other end of inductor L2 is grounded through capacitor C2, with the voltage output terminal between inductor L2 and capacitor C2. This buck unit reduces the voltage of the energy storage capacitor to a suitable voltage to power the subsequent load system.
[0026] In one possible implementation, the voltage holding voltage in this embodiment may further include a diode D3, the anode of which is connected between inductor L2 and capacitor C2, and the cathode serves as the voltage output terminal. Therefore, this embodiment forms a circuit consisting of a first power supply module and a second power supply module, which seamlessly switches between the input voltage and the energy storage voltage by selecting the output with the higher voltage.
[0027] based on Figure 2 The voltage holding circuit shown supplies power to the downstream load system through diode D1 when the input voltage is normal. Simultaneously, the input voltage also charges the energy storage capacitor C1 through a boost unit and a current limiting unit. When the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 equals the input voltage, the current limiting unit completes its operation. During the charging process of the energy storage capacitor C1, the higher the voltage, the greater the stored energy. Afterwards, the buck unit reduces the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 to the required output voltage, for example, 1V lower than the input voltage of the first power supply module. Furthermore, due to the blocking effect of diode D3, the energy storage capacitor C1 does not discharge and remains in a hot backup state. When the input voltage drops abnormally, the reverse blocking effect of diode D1 allows the energy from the energy storage capacitor C1 to continuously supply power to the downstream load system through the buck unit and diode D3. The energy transfer from the power supply system to the energy storage capacitor is seamless, without any output voltage interruption. After the input voltage returns to normal, the power supply line switches from the second power supply module to the first power supply module, returning to normal power supply mode, and the energy storage capacitor C1 continues to store energy.
[0028] The voltage holding circuit in this embodiment has a simple structure, is easy to integrate, and can achieve seamless switching of voltage output lines, avoiding output power failures. Furthermore, it significantly reduces the requirements for the energy storage capacitor, and the higher the energy storage voltage, the more significant the effect; the stored energy of the energy storage capacitor increases exponentially with the square of the capacitor voltage. The current limiting unit in the circuit can also limit the start-up inrush current of the energy storage capacitor to a certain range, reducing the instantaneous power requirements of the power supply system.
[0029] For those skilled in the art, the above disclosure of the utility model is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of the present utility model. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and corrections to the present utility model. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in the present utility model and therefore remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present utility model.
[0030] Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and various equivalent changes or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, any changes or modifications to the above embodiments within the scope of the essential spirit of the present invention will fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A voltage holding circuit, characterized by, The application relates to a power supply system, comprising: a first power supply module and a second power supply module connected in parallel, wherein the first power supply module comprises a diode D1, the positive electrode of the diode D1 being connected to a power supply system, and the negative electrode of the diode D1 being connected to a load system at a later stage; the second power supply module comprises a voltage boosting unit, an energy storage unit and a voltage reducing unit connected in sequence; the voltage boosting unit is used for boosting the voltage inputted by the voltage boosting unit and delivering the boosted voltage to the energy storage unit; the energy storage unit is used for storing electric energy; and the voltage reducing unit is used for receiving the electric energy released by the energy storage unit and providing an output voltage, wherein the output voltage is equal to or substantially equal to the output voltage provided by the first power supply module.
2. The voltage holding circuit according to claim 1, wherein The application further comprises a current limiting unit connected between the voltage boosting unit and the energy storage unit, which is used for limiting the inrush current generated by the energy storage unit.
3. The voltage holding circuit according to claim 2, wherein The voltage boosting unit comprises an inductor L1, a diode D2, a switch tube Q1 and a capacitor C3; one end of the inductor L1 is connected to the power supply system, the other end is connected to the drain electrode of the switch tube Q1, the source electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected to the ground and the gate electrode of the switch tube Q1 is connected to a voltage boosting controller; the positive electrode of the diode D2 is connected to the drain electrode of the switch tube Q1, the negative electrode of the diode D2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C3, and the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the ground.
4. The voltage holding circuit according to claim 3, wherein The current limiting unit comprises a switch tube Q2, the drain electrode of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the negative electrode of the diode D2, the source electrode of the switch tube Q2 is connected to the energy storage unit, and the gate electrode of the switch tube Q2 is connected to a current limiting controller.
5. The voltage holding circuit according to claim 4, wherein The energy storage unit comprises an energy storage capacitor C1, one end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is connected to the source electrode of the switch tube Q2, and the other end is connected to the ground.
6. The voltage holding circuit according to claim 5, wherein The voltage reducing unit comprises a switch tube Q3, a switch tube Q4, an inductor L2 and a capacitor C2; the drain electrode of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the source electrode of the switch tube Q2, the source electrode of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the drain electrode of the switch tube Q4, the source electrode of the switch tube Q4 is connected to the ground, and the switch tube Q3 and the switch tube Q4 are both connected to a voltage reducing controller; one end of the inductor L2 is connected to the source electrode of the switch tube Q3, the other end of the inductor L2 is connected to the ground through the capacitor C2, and the inductor L2 and the capacitor C2 are voltage output terminals.
7. The voltage holding circuit according to claim 6, wherein The application further comprises a diode D3, the positive electrode of the diode D3 is connected to the inductor L2 and the capacitor C2, and the negative electrode of the diode D3 is used as a voltage output terminal.