Alternating current asynchronous motor and forklift

Abstract

The motor comprises a casing, a stator, a rotor and a motor shaft are arranged in the casing, a front end cover and a rear end cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the casing, a through groove is arranged between the casing and the rear end cover, a wiring board is arranged at the top of the through groove, a binding post is arranged on the wiring board, and the front end cover and the rear end cover are arranged on the casing. An inner cavity formed by communicating two ends of the binding post is communicated with the through groove; the machine shell is of an integrally-formed structure. According to the alternating current asynchronous motor provided by the utility model, the integral stability and reliability of the motor are improved by adopting the integrally formed casing structure. Meanwhile, the through groove is arranged between the casing and the rear end cover, and the wiring board and the wiring post are arranged at the top of the through groove, so that a convenient wiring mode is realized, line connection and maintenance can be carried out without dismounting the rear end cover, and the wiring and maintenance efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to an AC asynchronous motor and a forklift. Background Technology

[0002] Electric forklifts have been widely used in recent years due to their high efficiency and energy saving in material handling, flexibility, environmental friendliness, and low noise. AC asynchronous motors, with their high reliability, low cost, and mature control technology, are widely used as drive motors for electric forklifts.

[0003] However, existing AC asynchronous motors still have some structural design problems. First, traditional motor housings often use a split design, which affects the overall stability of the assembled motor. Second, the wiring methods are usually not convenient enough; maintenance and wiring replacement often require disassembling the rear cover, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide an AC asynchronous motor and a forklift to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] The objective of this utility model can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution:

[0006] An AC asynchronous motor includes: a housing, a stator, a rotor, and a motor shaft disposed within the housing, a front cover and a rear cover respectively disposed at both ends of the housing, a through groove disposed between the housing and the rear cover, a terminal block disposed at the top of the through groove, a terminal post disposed on the terminal block, and an inner cavity formed by connecting the two ends of the terminal post communicating with the through groove; wherein the housing is an integrally formed structure.

[0007] The motor shaft is provided with a first bearing and a second bearing between the front end cover and the rear end cover, respectively. A wave spring washer is provided between the first bearing and the front end cover. An encoder is provided inside the rear end cover.

[0008] The encoder includes a magnetic encoder, a magnet, and a magnet mounting base. The magnet is fixed to one end of the motor shaft near the rear end cover by the magnet mounting base.

[0009] The housing includes a shell and a base at the bottom of the shell, and the shell and the base are integrally formed.

[0010] The through groove extends through the top surface of the housing, and a sealing gasket is provided between the through groove and the terminal block.

[0011] A temperature sensor is installed inside the through groove.

[0012] The terminal block is provided in a plurality of manners, and each terminal block contains a phase wire connected to the stator and a temperature sensing wire connected to the temperature sensor.

[0013] The outer side of the housing is provided with heat dissipation fins.

[0014] The motor shaft has a spline at one end near the front end cover, and the front end cover has an oil pump mounting hole.

[0015] A forklift includes: an AC asynchronous motor as described above; an oil pump, the shaft of which is connected to the motor shaft of the AC asynchronous motor via the spline; and a fastener for securing the oil pump to an oil pump mounting hole in the front end cover.

[0016] The beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] The AC asynchronous motor provided by this utility model improves the overall stability and reliability of the motor by adopting an integrated molded housing structure. Meanwhile, by setting a through slot between the housing and the rear end cover, and installing a terminal block and terminal posts at the top of the through slot, a convenient wiring method is achieved. Wiring and maintenance can be performed without disassembling the rear end cover, effectively improving the efficiency of wiring and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the motor according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the motor according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the motor according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0022] In the diagram: 10-House, 11-Shell, 12-Base, 21-Stator, 22-Rotor, 30-Motor Shaft, 41-Front End Cover, 42-Rear End Cover, 50-Through Slot, 51-Sealing Gasket, 60-Terminal Board, 61-Terminal Post, 70-Spline, 81-First Bearing, 82-Second Bearing, 90-Wave Spring Washer, 100-Encoder, 200-Heat Dissipation Fin, 300-Temperature Sensor, 400-Oil Pump Mounting Hole, 500-Oil Pump. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of this utility model more clearly, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the implementation of this utility model is not limited thereto.

[0024] like Figures 1-3 As shown in the figure, the AC asynchronous motor provided in this embodiment is specifically used in a forklift. The motor includes a housing 10, which is a one-piece molded structure, thus having high stability and reliability.

[0025] Inside the housing 10, a stator 21, a rotor 22, and a motor shaft 30 are arranged radially inward. The stator 21 is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 10, and the rotor 22 is located between the stator 21 and the motor shaft 30.

[0026] The housing 10 has a front cover 41 and a rear cover 42 at its two ends, which are used to enclose the internal structure of the motor. A through groove 50 is provided between the housing 10 and the rear cover 42, and a terminal block 60 is provided on the top of the through groove 50. The terminal block 60 can completely cover the through groove 50.

[0027] The terminal block 60 is provided with terminal posts 61. The top and bottom ends of the terminal posts 61 are connected to form an inner cavity, which is connected to the through slot 50 for external electrical connection of the motor. External electrical connection wires can be connected to the inside of the housing 10 through the terminal posts 61.

[0028] In this embodiment, the housing 10 is fixedly connected to the front cover 41 and the rear cover 42 by screws.

[0029] In this embodiment, the terminal 61 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and its bottom end is connected to the through groove 50.

[0030] In this embodiment, methods such as die casting or gravity casting can be used to pour molten metal (such as aluminum alloy) into a mold to form the entire housing structure in one go.

[0031] In one embodiment, a first bearing 81 is provided between the motor shaft 30 and the front end cover 41, and a second bearing 82 is provided between the motor shaft 30 and the rear end cover 42, for supporting the rotation of the motor shaft 30.

[0032] A wave spring washer 90 is provided between the first bearing 81 and the front cover 41 to provide axial force and improve the stability and reliability of the motor shaft 30.

[0033] An encoder 100 is installed inside the rear end cover 42 to detect the motor speed. This structural design makes the overall motor installation convenient and quick, while also providing good stability and reliability. The integrated design of the encoder 100 inside the rear end cover 42 also makes the motor structure more compact.

[0034] In one embodiment, the encoder 100 includes a magnetic encoder, a magnet, and a magnet mounting base (not shown in the figures). The magnet is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft near the rear end cover 42 by the magnet mounting base. This one end is the rear end (non-output end) of the motor shaft 30.

[0035] A magnetic encoder is a non-contact speed measuring device characterized by its simple structure and high reliability. A magnet is mounted at the rear end of the motor shaft 30 and rotates with it. The magnetic encoder detects changes in the magnetic field of the magnet to obtain the rotational speed information.

[0036] This design integrates the encoder 100 inside the motor, increasing the motor's integration and making the structure more compact. At the same time, the non-contact design reduces mechanical wear and extends service life.

[0037] In one embodiment, the housing 10 includes a housing 11 and a base 12 at the bottom of the housing 11. The housing 11 and the base 12 are integrally formed, which further improves the overall stability and reliability of the motor after installation, while reducing assembly steps and simplifying the manufacturing process.

[0038] In this embodiment, the through slot 50 extends through the top surface of the housing 11. This design facilitates wiring and maintenance, allowing operators to directly connect and inspect wiring from the top of the housing 10.

[0039] To ensure good sealing, a sealing gasket 51 is provided between the through slot 50 and the terminal block 60. The sealing gasket 51 can effectively prevent external impurities such as dust and moisture from entering the motor, protect the internal components of the motor, and extend the service life of the motor.

[0040] In this embodiment, the through groove 50 has a cuboid structure. The sealing gasket 51 has a frame structure, the shape and size of which match the top opening edge of the through groove 50, and can completely fit the top opening edge of the through groove 50.

[0041] The sealing gasket 51 of the frame structure can precisely cover the entire edge of the through groove 50, avoiding any leakage. When the terminal block 60 is installed, the pressure is evenly distributed across the entire sealing gasket 51, ensuring a good seal at every point.

[0042] In one embodiment, a temperature sensor 300 is installed inside the through slot 50. The temperature sensor 300 is installed to monitor the operating temperature of the motor in real time.

[0043] Temperature sensors 300 typically employ elements such as thermocouples or thermistors, which convert temperature changes into electrical signal outputs. By monitoring the motor temperature, abnormal conditions such as motor overheating can be detected in a timely manner, preventing damage to the motor due to overheating.

[0044] In one embodiment, multiple terminals 61 are provided, each connected to a through slot 50. This design facilitates the connection of different wires.

[0045] Each terminal 61 contains a phase wire connected to the stator 21 and a temperature sensing wire connected to the temperature sensor 300 (not shown in the attached diagram). The phase wires supply power to the stator 21 windings and typically include the U, V, and W phase wires of a three-phase power supply. The temperature sensing wire connects to the temperature sensor 300 to transmit temperature signals. This arrangement of multiple terminals 61 simplifies wiring operations and subsequent maintenance.

[0046] In one embodiment, a heat dissipation rib 200 is provided on the outer side of the housing 11. The length direction of the heat dissipation rib 200 is the same as the length direction of the housing 11. The design of the heat dissipation rib 200 can increase the heat dissipation area and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor.

[0047] The heat dissipation fins 200 are provided on three sides of the housing 11, specifically the left side, right side and bottom side. Each side is provided with multiple heat dissipation fins 200, which are specifically arranged in parallel protrusions perpendicular to the surface of the housing 11.

[0048] This design not only increases the surface area in contact with air, but also creates airflow channels, promoting convective heat dissipation. Good heat dissipation performance can reduce the motor's operating temperature and extend its service life.

[0049] In one embodiment, a spline 70 is provided at one end of the motor shaft 30 near the front end cover 41 to facilitate connection with external devices such as an oil pump. This end is the front end (output end) of the motor shaft 30.

[0050] The front cover 41 has an oil pump mounting hole 400. This design facilitates direct mounting of the oil pump to the front of the motor. The oil pump mounting hole 400 allows the oil pump to be tightly connected to the motor, forming a compact power unit. At the same time, the design of the oil pump mounting hole 400 also facilitates the installation and removal of the oil pump, making routine maintenance and replacement easier.

[0051] In one embodiment, a forklift is also provided. The forklift includes an oil pump 500 and an AC asynchronous motor as described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0052] The shaft of the oil pump 500 is connected to the motor shaft 30 via a spline 70. The spline connection features high torque transmission and easy assembly / disassembly, enabling reliable power transmission between the motor and the oil pump 500, making it ideal for industrial applications such as forklifts.

[0053] A fastener (not shown in the attached figure) is provided between the oil pump 500 and the oil pump mounting hole 400 on the front cover 41 of the motor, which further ensures the stability of the connection.

[0054] This design tightly integrates the motor and oil pump into a compact power unit. Furthermore, the heat dissipation design of the motor housing ensures adequate cooling during high-load forklift operation. This forklift power system offers advantages such as compact structure, easy installation, and excellent heat dissipation, improving forklift efficiency and reliability.

[0055] In some embodiments, the fasteners are specifically bolts and nuts, which together provide a large axial tightening force to ensure a secure connection between the oil pump 500 and the motor.

[0056] The above description is only a further embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the scope disclosed by the present utility model, based on the technical solution and concept of the present utility model, shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An AC asynchronous motor, characterized in that, include: A housing (10) is provided inside, comprising a stator (21), a rotor (22), and a motor shaft (30). A front end cover (41) and a rear end cover (42) are provided at both ends of the housing (10). A through groove (50) is provided between the housing (10) and the rear end cover (42). A terminal block (60) is provided at the top of the through groove (50). A terminal post (61) is provided on the terminal block (60). The inner cavity formed by the two ends of the terminal post (61) is connected to the through groove (50). The housing (10) is an integrally formed structure. The housing (10) includes a housing (11) and a base (12) at the bottom of the housing (11), wherein the housing (11) and the base (12) are integrally formed; The through groove (50) extends through the top surface of the housing (11), and a sealing gasket (51) is provided between the through groove (50) and the terminal block (60); A temperature sensor (300) is installed inside the through groove (50); Multiple terminals (61) are provided, and each terminal (61) is provided with a phase wire connected to the stator (21) and a temperature sensing wire connected to the temperature sensor (300).

2. The AC asynchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first bearing (81) and a second bearing (82) are respectively provided between the motor shaft (30) and the front end cover (41) and the rear end cover (42). A wave spring washer (90) is provided between the first bearing (81) and the front end cover (41). An encoder (100) is provided inside the rear end cover (42).

3. The AC asynchronous motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The encoder (100) includes a magnetic encoder, a magnet and a magnet mounting base, wherein the magnet is fixed to one end of the motor shaft (30) near the rear end cover (42) by the magnet mounting base.

4. The AC asynchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the housing (11) is provided with heat dissipation ribs (200).

5. The AC asynchronous motor according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The motor shaft (30) is provided with a spline (70) at one end near the front end cover (41), and the front end cover (41) is provided with an oil pump fixing hole (400).

6. A forklift, characterized in that, include: The AC asynchronous motor as described in claim 5; An oil pump (500), the shaft of which is connected to the motor shaft (30) of the AC asynchronous motor via the spline (70); and A fastener is used to fix the oil pump (500) on the oil pump fixing hole (400) of the front end cover (41).

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