Automatic pressure adjusting device for back pressure valve

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic pressure adjusting device for a back pressure valve, and aims to overcome the defect that in the prior art, the pressure of the back pressure valve is manually adjusted, errors are easily generated due to external pressure fluctuation, and the adjusting precision is low. The technical problem is solved through the following technical scheme: the back pressure valve comprises a spring seat arranged in a fluid passage of the back pressure valve; the output end of the stepping motor is connected with a first connecting rod, the end, away from the stepping motor, of the first connecting rod is in threaded connection with a second connecting rod, and a pressure spring is arranged between the end of the second connecting rod and the spring seat; and the control assembly comprises a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in a fluid passage of the back pressure valve and a central processing module for controlling the stepping motor. The central processing unit is responsible for receiving data of the pressure sensor, calculating and outputting a control signal for the stepping motor, controlling the output end of the stepping motor to rotate, and achieving accurate adjustment of the back pressure of the back pressure valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of back pressure valve technology, and more specifically, to an automatic pressure regulating device for a back pressure valve. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial fluid management and precision control systems, back pressure valves are widely used to maintain stable fluid pipeline pressure, control pump output flow, and prevent siphoning. However, traditional back pressure valves often rely on manual adjustment, which not only limits accuracy but also makes them susceptible to errors due to external pressure fluctuations, leading to fluid system instability. Furthermore, manual adjustment increases labor costs and limits the system's automation level. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a back pressure valve system capable of automatically adjusting pressure to achieve high-precision, automated pressure control. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies where the pressure of the back pressure valve is manually adjusted, which is easily affected by external pressure fluctuations and results in low adjustment accuracy. It provides an automatic back pressure valve pressure adjustment device that can achieve precise control of the back pressure valve through an embedded control device and an automatic feedback adjustment device, thereby maintaining a constant fluid system pressure, adapting to different flow and pressure environments, and improving the automation and stability of the fluid system.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an automatic pressure regulating device for a back pressure valve, comprising:

[0005] A spring seat installed in the fluid passage of the back pressure valve;

[0006] A stepper motor has a first connecting rod connected to its output end. The end of the first connecting rod away from the stepper motor is threaded to a second connecting rod. A pressure spring is provided between the end of the second connecting rod and the spring seat.

[0007] The control components include a pressure sensor that detects pressure within the fluid passage of the back pressure valve, and a central processing module that controls the stepper motor.

[0008] In this invention, the central processing unit (CPU) receives data from the pressure sensor, calculates and outputs control signals to the stepper motor, controlling the output end of the stepper motor to rotate. When the output end of the stepper motor rotates, it drives the first connecting rod to rotate. The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are threaded together, causing the second connecting rod to move along the axial direction, thereby controlling the extension and contraction of the pressure spring and realizing automatic adjustment of the pressure of the spring seat. This, in turn, realizes automatic adjustment of the pressure of the back pressure valve.

[0009] Preferably, the end of the first connecting rod away from the stepper motor is provided with a threaded hole, and the end of the second connecting rod near the first connecting rod is provided with a threaded head that mates with the threaded hole.

[0010] The threaded head and threaded hole cooperate to realize the power transmission between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. By precisely controlling the rotation angle of the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod can be controlled to move along the axis, thus realizing the function of accurately controlling the back pressure valve pressure.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a back pressure base and a back pressure upper seat that cooperate with each other. The end of the back pressure upper seat near the back pressure base is recessed inward and cooperates with the back pressure base to form a fluid passage. An inlet channel and an outlet channel are respectively provided on both sides of the back pressure base. The inlet channel and the outlet channel are connected to the fluid passage. The pressure spring pushes the spring seat to block the outlet channel.

[0012] After the liquid flows into the fluid passage from the inlet channel, it flows out of the fluid passage from the outlet channel. By controlling the thrust of the pressure spring, the pressure of the back pressure valve can be controlled.

[0013] Preferably, the back pressure seat is provided with a valve core mounting hole that communicates with the fluid passage, and the spring seat and pressure spring are both installed in the valve core mounting hole.

[0014] The spring seat and pressure spring are installed in the valve core mounting hole. By adjusting the pressure of the pressure spring, the pressure of the spring seat on the fluid passage is controlled.

[0015] Preferably, a limiting cavity is provided at the end of the valve core mounting hole away from the fluid passage. The diameter of the limiting cavity is larger than the diameter of the valve core mounting hole. A limiting element that is threadedly engaged with the limiting cavity is provided inside the limiting cavity. A limiting hole is provided at the center of the limiting element. The diameter of the limiting hole is the same as the diameter of the valve core mounting hole.

[0016] The limiting component is used to lock and limit the second connecting rod, preventing it from disengaging from the limiting hole.

[0017] Preferably, the back pressure base has a first sealing groove on the end face near the back pressure upper seat, and the back pressure upper seat has a second sealing groove on the end face near the back pressure base. The first sealing groove and the second sealing groove cooperate to form a sealing ring groove. The sealing ring groove surrounds the periphery of the fluid passage, and a sealing ring strip is provided inside the sealing ring groove.

[0018] The sealing ring is set in the sealing ring groove formed by the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove to prevent liquid from overflowing from the fluid passage and improve the sealing performance of the fluid passage.

[0019] Preferably, the back pressure base is provided with a number of first through holes along its thickness direction, and the back pressure upper seat is provided with a number of second through holes along its thickness direction; the connecting bolts are threadedly connected to the first through holes and the second through holes to fix the back pressure base and the back pressure upper seat together.

[0020] The connecting bolts tightly secure the back pressure base and the back pressure upper seat together to prevent liquid from leaking out of the fluid passage.

[0021] Preferably, the ends of the inlet and outlet channels that are far from the fluid passage are threaded with connectors.

[0022] The connector is threaded to the inlet and outlet channels. When using it, you can first connect the pipeline to the connector, and then connect the connector to the inlet and outlet channels, which makes the pipeline connection convenient.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The central processing unit is responsible for receiving the data from the pressure sensor, calculating and outputting the control signal to the stepper motor, controlling the output end of the stepper motor to rotate. When the output end of the stepper motor rotates, it drives the first connecting rod to rotate. The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are threaded together, so that the second connecting rod moves along the axial direction, thereby controlling the extension and contraction of the pressure spring, realizing automatic adjustment of the pressure of the spring seat, and thus realizing automatic high-precision adjustment of the pressure of the back pressure valve. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a top view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the stepper motor and related structures of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the stepper motor of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the stepper motor from another angle.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Spring seat;

[0029] 2. Stepper motor; 21. First connecting rod; 211. Threaded hole; 22. Second connecting rod; 221. Threaded head; 222. Limiting head; 23. Pressure spring.

[0030] 31. Pressure sensor; 32. Central processing module; 33. Driver; 34. Serial port panel; 35. Conversion chip;

[0031] 4. Back pressure base; 41. Inlet channel; 42. Outlet channel; 43. First through hole; 44. First sealing groove; 45. Sealing ring.

[0032] 5. Back pressure seat, 51. Fluid passage, 52. Valve core mounting hole, 521. Limiting cavity, 53. Limiting element, 531. Limiting hole, 532. Limiting ring, 54. Second through hole, 55. Second sealing groove;

[0033] 6. Connector. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: Embodiment 1: Referring to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an automatic pressure regulating device for a back pressure valve includes:

[0035] A spring seat 1 is installed in the fluid passage 51 of the back pressure valve;

[0036] Stepper motor 2, its output end is fixedly connected to a second connecting rod 221, the end of the second connecting rod 2221 away from the stepper motor 2 is threadedly connected to a second connecting rod 22, and a pressure spring 23 is provided between the end of the second connecting rod 22 and the spring seat 1;

[0037] The control components include a pressure sensor 31 that detects the fluid passage 51 of the back pressure valve, and a central processing module 32 that controls the stepper motor 2.

[0038] In one embodiment, the end of the second connecting rod 2221 away from the stepper motor 2 is provided with a threaded hole 211, and the end of the second connecting rod 22 near the second connecting rod 2221 is provided with a threaded head 221 that mates with the threaded hole 211.

[0039] The central processing unit is responsible for receiving data from the pressure sensor 31, calculating and outputting control signals to the stepper motor 2, controlling the output end of the stepper motor 2 to rotate. When the output end of the stepper motor 2 rotates, it drives the second connecting rod 2221 to rotate. The second connecting rod 2221 and the second connecting rod 22 are threaded together, so that the second connecting rod 22 moves along the axial direction, thereby controlling the extension and contraction of the pressure spring 23 and realizing automatic adjustment of the pressure of the spring seat 1.

[0040] In one embodiment, the back pressure base 4 and the back pressure upper seat 5 cooperate with each other. The back pressure base 4 and the back pressure upper seat 5 cooperate to form the body of the back pressure valve. The end face of the back pressure upper seat 5 near the back pressure base 4 is recessed inward and cooperates with the back pressure base 4 to form a fluid passage 51. An inlet channel 41 and an outlet channel 42 are respectively provided on both sides of the back pressure base 4. The inlet channel 41 and the outlet channel 42 are connected to the fluid passage 51. The pressure spring 23 pushes the spring seat 1 to block the outlet channel 42.

[0041] The back pressure seat 5 is provided with a valve core mounting hole 52 that communicates with the fluid passage 51. The spring seat 1 and the pressure spring 23 are both located in the valve core mounting hole 52.

[0042] A limiting cavity 521 is provided at the end of the valve core mounting hole 52 away from the fluid passage 51. The diameter of the limiting cavity 521 is larger than the diameter of the valve core mounting hole 52. A limiting member 53 is provided in the limiting cavity 521, which is threadedly engaged with it. A limiting hole 531 is provided at the center of the limiting member 53. The diameter of the limiting hole 531 is the same as the diameter of the valve core mounting hole 52. The end of the second connecting rod 22 passes through the limiting hole 531. A limiting ring 532 is provided at the end of the limiting hole 531 away from the fluid passage 51. The diameter of the limiting ring 532 is smaller than the diameter of the limiting hole 531. A limiting head 222 is provided at the end of the second connecting rod 22 away from the threaded head 221. The diameter of the limiting head 222 is the same as the diameter of the limiting hole 531. A pressure spring 23 abuts against the limiting head 222 and the spring seat 1. The limiting ring 532 is connected to the second connecting rod 22 by a spline, so that when the second connecting rod 2221 rotates, the second connecting rod 22 can move along its axial direction.

[0043] The back pressure base 4 has several first through holes 43 along its thickness direction, and the back pressure upper seat 5 has several second through holes 54 along its thickness direction. Connecting bolts are threaded into the first through holes 43 and second through holes 54, fixing the back pressure base 4 and the back pressure upper seat 5 together. The connecting bolts tightly fix the back pressure base 4 and the back pressure upper seat 5 together, preventing liquid from leaking out of the fluid passage 51.

[0044] A first sealing groove 44 is provided on the end face of the back pressure base 4 near the back pressure upper seat 5, and a second sealing groove 55 is provided on the end face of the back pressure upper seat 5 near the back pressure base 4. The first sealing groove 44 and the second sealing groove 55 cooperate to form a sealing ring groove, which surrounds the periphery of the fluid passage 51. A sealing ring strip 45 is provided inside the sealing ring groove. The sealing ring strip 45 is provided inside the sealing ring groove formed by the cooperation of the first sealing groove 44 and the second sealing groove 55 to prevent liquid from overflowing from the fluid passage 51 and to improve the sealing performance of the fluid passage 51.

[0045] Connector 6 is threaded to the ends of inlet channel 41 and outlet channel 42 that are away from fluid passage 51. Connector 6 is threaded to inlet channel 41 and outlet channel 42. In use, the pipeline can be connected to connector 6 first, and then connector 6 can be connected to inlet channel 41 and outlet channel 42, which facilitates pipeline connection.

[0046] In this invention, the central processing module 32 uses an Arduino controller as the main control unit, and realizes real-time monitoring and control of the fluid system pressure through embedded programming. This module is responsible for receiving data from the pressure sensor 31, calculating and outputting control signals to the actuator.

[0047] The pressure sensor 31, installed inside the fluid pipeline, can measure the system pressure in real time and output a 4-20mA signal via a conversion chip 35. This signal is converted into a voltage signal compatible with the Arduino controller by a current-to-voltage module, ensuring data accuracy and real-time performance.

[0048] This invention employs a 42BYGH34 stepper motor 2 in conjunction with a driver 33 (TB6600 driver 33). By controlling the compression of the pressure spring 23, precise adjustment of the back pressure valve is achieved. The stepper motor 2, through its rotational motion, drives the second connecting rod 2221, converting angular displacement into linear displacement, thereby increasing the compression of the pressure spring 23 and adjusting the pressure of the back pressure valve.

[0049] In addition, this application also includes a human-machine interface module: the host computer uses a Taojingchi serial port screen 34, allowing users to input target pressure settings and monitor system pressure in real time. The serial port screen 34 uses a soft serial port for data transmission, improving the stability and speed of system data communication.

[0050] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0051] In the operation process, the inner diameter of the fluid passage 51 is changed by compressing the pressure spring 23, thereby increasing the fluid resistance and the system pressure. This is modeled using Hooke's Law and Bernoulli's equation. According to Hooke's Law, the spring force and compression satisfy the following relationship:

[0052] T@=@@

[0053] Where F: the restoring force of the spring (N).

[0054] K: The spring constant (N / m).

[0055] Δx: The compression of the spring (m).

[0056] The change in the inner diameter of the fluid passage 51, Δd, is geometrically related to Δx due to compression by the pressure spring 23. The pressure spring 23 acts on the spring plate through the spring seat 1, and the spring plate directly affects the pipe diameter. The change in pipe diameter, Δd, is proportional to the spring compression.

[0057] Δd=d0-αΔx

[0058] Where d0: initial pipe diameter (uncompressed).

[0059] α: Proportion factor, representing the effect of the compression of the pressure spring 23 on the change of the inner diameter of the fluid passage 51.

[0060] Bernoulli's equation and pressure changes:

[0061] Changes in the inner diameter of fluid passage 51 will affect the flow velocity v and dynamic pressure P. dynamic According to Bernoulli's equation, fluid pressure satisfies:

[0062]

[0063] Combining the continuity equation:

[0064]

[0065] in It is the cross-sectional area of ​​the fluid passage 51, and the flow velocity v decreases as the pipe diameter increases.

[0066] When the change occurs, the pipe diameter d decreases:

[0067]

[0068] Static pressure P static The pressure will decrease due to the increase in pressure, and the resistance of the fluid passage 51 will also lead to an additional loss of pressure.

[0069] The control process involves balancing the spring and fluid pressure. In steady state, the fluid pressure P balances the spring's restoring force F. The system equilibrium equations are defined as follows:

[0070] P·A spring =F=kΔx

[0071] Where A spring Spring surface area (m²) 2 )

[0072] The pressure P can be expressed as follows using the above equation:

[0073] The method of pressure regulation combining Hooke's Law and Bernoulli's equation has significant advantages in practical applications. By dynamically calculating the impact of pipe diameter changes on system pressure, precise control of fluid system pressure is achieved. In this system, the actual pressure value of the liquid in the fluid passage 51 is acquired in real time through pressure sensor 31 and Arduino, and compared with the target pressure value set by the user to form a closed-loop control logic. This design organically combines mechanical structure with fluid dynamics characteristics, demonstrating multiple advantages.

[0074] Specifically, when the actual pressure is lower than the set pressure, the system needs to increase the pressure. At this time, stepper motor 2 rotates in the forward direction, driving the mechanical structure to compress the spring. According to Hooke's Law, the compression of the spring is proportional to the applied external force. The compression of the spring reduces the inner diameter of the pipe, further triggering dynamic changes in pressure. According to Bernoulli's equation, when the inner diameter of the fluid passage 51 decreases, the fluid velocity increases, and the dynamic pressure increases accordingly, thereby increasing the overall pressure of the fluid passage 51. In addition, the compression of the spring not only reduces the pipe diameter but also increases the fluid resistance. The increase in resistance causes a change in the pressure drop within the system, thus causing the pressure to rise further until it approaches the target value.

[0075] Conversely, when the actual pressure is higher than the set pressure, the system needs to reduce the pressure. At this time, stepper motor 2 rotates in the reverse direction, causing the spring to gradually relax. After the spring relaxes, the inner diameter of the fluid passage 51 increases. According to the fluid continuity equation, the fluid velocity decreases, and the dynamic pressure decreases accordingly. Simultaneously, the resistance of the pipeline decreases due to the increased inner diameter, and the overall pressure within the system gradually decreases, eventually approaching the set target pressure. When the difference between the actual pressure value and the set value is less than the tolerance range (set to ±0.1 bar in this system), the system determines that the pressure has stabilized and stops the motor.

[0076] This invention receives data signals from the pressure sensor 31 in real time via a central processing module 32 and compares the current pressure value with the target set value. Based on the comparison result, the central processing module 32 drives the stepper motor 2 to adjust the compression of the pressure spring 23 by outputting a control signal, so that the system pressure gradually approaches the set value until a stable state is reached. The entire control process has a feedback adjustment mechanism to ensure that the system can adjust in a timely manner when the external pressure changes, so as to maintain a stable pressure in the fluid pipeline.

[0077] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

[0078] (1) High-precision control: The linearity of Hooke's law makes the relationship between spring deformation and applied force clear, and the influence of the spring on the pipe diameter can be accurately predicted by calculation. Bernoulli's equation dynamically describes the relationship between pressure, flow velocity and pipe diameter, allowing the system to adjust the pressure precisely according to the laws of fluid dynamics.

[0079] (2) The system acquires sensor data in real time and compares it with the set pressure to achieve closed-loop feedback control. Combined with a PID control strategy, the system can dynamically adjust the speed and direction of stepper motor 2 according to the pressure difference. When the difference is large, the motor runs quickly to improve the adjustment efficiency; when the difference is small, the motor gradually fine-tunes to achieve precise and stable pressure control.

[0080] (3) High energy efficiency: The inner diameter of the fluid passage 51 is changed by driving the deformation of the pressure spring 23 through the stepper motor 2, without the need for complex hydraulic or pneumatic pressure regulating devices, resulting in high energy efficiency and low mechanical energy consumption. In addition, the rotation of the stepper motor 2 directly adjusts the deformation of the pressure spring 23, reducing unnecessary energy loss.

[0081] (4) Rapid response: The combination of stepper motor 2 and pressure spring 23 enables rapid response in the pressure regulation process. The response interval is less than 200ms. When the actual pressure changes significantly, stepper motor 2 can quickly adjust the deformation of pressure spring 23 to approach the target pressure as quickly as possible, reducing system lag.

[0082] (5) Simple structure: The entire design only requires a conventional stepper motor 2, a pressure spring 23, and a pressure sensor 31, and is controlled by Arduino. The structure is simple and the hardware cost is low. Compared with traditional hydraulic systems, this design significantly reduces manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0083] (6) The system is based on Arduino control logic, enabling unattended automatic adjustment. Through real-time data acquisition and feedback control, the system can operate continuously and automatically stop the motor after the pressure stabilizes, improving ease of operation. The operator only needs to input the pressure value once to complete the automatic adjustment, without the need for secondary manual intervention throughout the process.

[0084] (7) Wide range of applications: This method is applicable to various scenarios requiring precise pressure control, such as industrial fluid transportation, laboratory fluid systems, or gas-liquid pressure regulation in medical devices. By adjusting the spring stiffness and motor control strategy, it can be adapted to different fluid media and pipeline designs.

[0085] In summary, this closed-loop control system based on Hooke's Law and Bernoulli's equation closely integrates mechanical characteristics with fluid dynamics. By using a stepper motor 2 to drive a pressure spring 23 to adjust the diameter of the fluid passage 51, dynamic pressure control is achieved. Considering the simplicity of the structural design, the precision of the control, the system's energy efficiency, and its dynamic response capability, this utility model patent possesses significant advantages, providing an efficient and low-cost path for pressure regulation, and is particularly suitable for applications requiring high pressure accuracy and a high degree of automation.

[0086] The embodiments described above are merely preferred solutions of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model in any way. Other variations and modifications are possible without departing from the technical solutions described in the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic pressure regulating device for a back pressure valve, characterized in that, include: A spring seat installed in the fluid passage of the back pressure valve; A stepper motor has a first connecting rod connected to its output end. The end of the first connecting rod away from the stepper motor is threaded to a second connecting rod. A pressure spring is provided between the end of the second connecting rod and the spring seat. The control components include a pressure sensor that detects pressure within the fluid passage of the back pressure valve, and a central processing module that controls the stepper motor.

2. The automatic pressure regulating device for the back pressure valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the first connecting rod furthest from the stepper motor is provided with a threaded hole, and the end of the second connecting rod near the first connecting rod is provided with a threaded head that mates with the threaded hole.

3. The automatic pressure regulating device for the back pressure valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a back pressure base and a back pressure upper seat that cooperate with each other. The end of the back pressure upper seat that is close to the back pressure base is recessed inward and cooperates with the back pressure base to form a fluid passage. The back pressure base has an inlet channel and an outlet channel on both sides, which are connected to the fluid passage. The pressure spring pushes the spring seat to block the outlet channel.

4. The automatic pressure regulating device for the back pressure valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The back pressure seat is provided with a valve core mounting hole that communicates with the fluid passage, and the spring seat and pressure spring are both installed in the valve core mounting hole.

5. The automatic pressure regulating device for the back pressure valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, A limiting cavity is provided at the end of the valve core mounting hole away from the fluid passage. The diameter of the limiting cavity is larger than the diameter of the valve core mounting hole. A limiting element with threaded engagement is provided inside the limiting cavity. A limiting hole is provided at the center of the limiting element. The diameter of the limiting hole is the same as the diameter of the valve core mounting hole.

6. The automatic pressure regulating device for the back pressure valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The back pressure base has a first sealing groove on the end face near the back pressure upper seat, and the back pressure upper seat has a second sealing groove on the end face near the back pressure base. The first sealing groove and the second sealing groove cooperate to form a sealing ring groove. The sealing ring groove surrounds the periphery of the fluid passage, and a sealing ring strip is provided inside the sealing ring groove.

7. The automatic pressure regulating device for the back pressure valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The back pressure base has several first through holes along its thickness direction, and the back pressure upper seat has several second through holes along its thickness direction; the connecting bolts are threaded to the first through holes and the second through holes to fix the back pressure base and the back pressure upper seat together.

8. The automatic pressure regulating device for the back pressure valve according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet channels have threaded connections at the ends that are far from the fluid passage.

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