Special fixture for lathe for machining cuboid multi-inner-hole workpiece

Abstract

The utility model provides a clamp special for a lathe for machining a cuboid multi-inner-hole workpiece. The clamp comprises a base, a clamping jaw, a lead screw, a sliding block, a positioning block and a center frame, wherein the base is clamped on a center lathe through a three-jaw chuck clamping outer diameter; the center frame and the center threaded hole of the base are connected in a fastened mode through a threaded structure. The middle cylindrical part of the lead screw is clamped into the arc-shaped part of the center frame; the cross-shaped bosses of the two clamping jaws are arranged in the X-axis cross-shaped groove of the base and can freely move; the clamping jaws are connected with the lead screw in a threaded fit mode, and when rotating acting force is applied to the lead screw, the two clamping jaws generate corresponding linear displacement in the axial direction of the lead screw by means of the transmission characteristic of threads. The sliding block is in sliding fit with the T-shaped groove in the Y-axis direction of the base. The positioning block and the sliding block are fixed to the base through bolts. The clamp is wide in application range, easy and convenient to use and operate, good in reliability and safety, and capable of remarkably improving the quality assurance capacity of machined products, saving machining time and improving machining efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to mechanical technical field relates to a kind of processing cuboid multi-hole workpiece lathe special fixture. BACKGROUND

[0002] In cuboid multiple inner hole complex workpiece lathe processing, centering positioning alignment clamping is a very key production link, directly determines product quality, time cost and production efficiency. Since the shape of hole is complex and needs to be clamped and processed by lathe multiple times, the current processing technology is that first, fitter marks and drills pre-hole, then machinist uses four-jaw chuck to align and process, since hole position is symmetrical in X-axis direction, and eccentric in Y-axis direction, so it is necessary to align inner hole first when clamping, then adjust four clamping claws to clamp workpiece, and each product needs to be aligned multiple times when processing, which greatly increases processing preparation time cost and manufacturing cost, cannot guarantee positioning accuracy quickly, has the defects of low centering positioning accuracy, long alignment time, low processing efficiency, high manufacturing time cost, poor operation safety, etc., and the quality consistency of large batch workpiece processing cannot be guaranteed, which is not suitable for tooling lean, accurate and timely supply needs. Centering positioning accuracy, alignment clamping time and reliability are directly related to the production efficiency and production quality of cuboid multi-hole workpiece lathe processing. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem of the utility model is:

[0004] The centering positioning accuracy of ordinary lathe processing cuboid multi-hole workpiece is poor, quality is unstable, and the problems of time-consuming replacement, low processing efficiency, low operation safety and not suitable for changing workpiece specifications and sizes exist.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is:

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a kind of fixture for ordinary lathe processing cuboid workpiece inner hole, and the special fixture realizes the rapid and accurate centering of large batch production of cuboid multi-hole complex workpiece by the cooperative work of each component, and improves the centering positioning accuracy.

[0007] The technical scheme of the utility model is:

[0008] The utility model provides a kind of processing cuboid multi-hole workpiece lathe special fixture, comprising: base 1, two clamping jaws 2, lead screw 3, sliding block 4, locating block 5 and center rest 6, wherein: base 1 is clamped in ordinary lathe by three-jaw chuck outer diameter;Center rest 6 and base 1 center threaded hole are fastened and connected by means of thread structure;Lead screw 3 middle cylindrical portion is inserted into center rest 6 arc part;Two clamping jaws 2's '' cross '' boss is loaded into base 1 X axial '' cross slot and can be freely moved;Clamping jaw 2 and lead screw 3 are connected in the way of thread cooperation, when rotating force is exerted to lead screw 3, by the transmission characteristics of thread, make two clamping jaws 2 produce corresponding linear displacement along the axial direction of lead screw 3;Sliding block 4 and base 1 Y axial '' T '' type slot are slidingly connected;Locating block 5 and sliding block 4 are fixed on base 1 by bolt.

[0009] Preferably, base 1 adopts T10A carbon tool steel material;Base 1 is cylindrical in shape, the bottom is hollow structure, central threaded hole is connected with lead screw 3 by thread;Base 1 outer diameter and center threaded hole require coaxiality ≤0.02mm;Base 1 outer diameter and three-jaw chuck contact end surface perpendicularity ≤0.01mm;Base 1 both end surface parallelism ≤0.02mm.

[0010] Preferably, clamping jaw 2 adopts Cr12MoV alloy steel material;The lower half of clamping jaw 2 is '' cross '' shape, and is inserted into base 1 and can be freely moved, and the '' cross '' center part is threaded hole.

[0011] Preferably, the middle of lead screw 3 is cylindrical, and the threads at both ends are tangent to the threads of clamping jaw 2, which can be made of 45# high-quality carbon structural steel material.

[0012] Preferably, sliding block 4 is '' T '' shape, and has two threaded holes on the top, and is fixed on base 1 by bolt with locating block 5.

[0013] Preferably, locating block 5 is '' L '' type, and has two stepped holes in horizontal direction, and the vertical end surface is the workpiece clamping reference contact surface.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end of center rest 6 is external thread, assembled in the center threaded hole of base 1;The upper part working position is semicircular arc, used for fixing the center position of lead screw 3, and preventing lead screw 3 from moving left and right.

[0015] The utility model has the advantages and beneficial effects that:

[0016] 1. On the lathe using the fixture to realize the complex hole processing of cuboid workpiece fast centering stability, fast positioning accuracy, once alignment can realize mass production. The fixture has scale positioning and locking function, hole distance adjustable, workpiece self-centering function. Centering and positioning is fast and accurate, high positioning accuracy, auxiliary adjustment of off-axis and eccentric hole is convenient and fast, wide application range, simple and convenient operation, good reliability and safety, can greatly improve the machining efficiency by more than 80% through fast clamping, and replace the general chuck with the advantages of fast replacement. The fixture is fast and accurate in positioning, has wide application range, simple and convenient operation, good reliability and safety, and can greatly improve the machining efficiency through fast clamping.

[0017] 2. The fixture has the characteristics of delicate structure design, reasonable material selection, fine machining process, low manufacturing cost, distinctive technological innovation, multi-function, multi-purpose, fast centering stability, fast positioning accuracy and the like.

[0018] 3. The fixture is fast, efficient, practical, safe, has wide application range, powerful error prevention and correction function, can significantly reduce the processing preparation time cost, improve the machining efficiency, save the processing time and cost, has very significant economic and social benefits, and provides strong technical equipment support for the substantial improvement of the core ability of tooling die manufacturing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a machining cuboid multi-bore workpiece lathe special fixture of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is an assembly schematic view of a machining cuboid multi-bore workpiece lathe special fixture of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 is an assembly schematic view of another machining cuboid multi-bore workpiece lathe special fixture of the present application.

[0023] In the figure: 1. base, 2. clamping jaw, 3. screw rod, 4. sliding block, 5. positioning block, 6. centering frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] It should be noted that the features in the embodiments of the utility model and the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and each embodiment can be mutually referenced and quoted. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0026] The utility model relates to a kind of special fixture of processing cuboid multi-bore workpiece lathe, belong to mechanical technical field.It includes: base 1, clamping jaw 2, screw rod 3, sliding block 4, positioning block 5, center rest 6 etc.Form.The fixture is clamped according to use condition with lathe three-jaw chuck, ensure that base 1 is stable, in the center of base 1, in X, Y axis direction mark scale, according to the size of processing workpiece, adjust and move sliding block 4 and positioning block 5 in advance to find the position of workpiece X direction, and fixed;Two clamping jaws 2 are controlled to move simultaneously by screw rod 3, to ensure that clamping jaw 2 clamps workpiece.

[0027] The special fixture realizes the fast and accurate centering point of mass production of ordinary lathe processing cuboid multi-bore complex workpiece by the cooperative work of each component, improves the centering and positioning accuracy, solves the problems of poor centering and positioning accuracy, unstable quality, time-consuming replacement, low processing production efficiency, low operation safety and not adapting to the change of workpiece specification size in the mode of ordinary lathe processing cuboid multi-bore workpiece.

[0028] The fixture works by the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: prepare workpiece and fixture, tool.

[0030] Step 2: the threaded part of center rest 6 is installed into the center threaded hole of base 1, and the position is found.

[0031] Step 3: install screw rod 3. The middle cylindrical part of screw rod 3 is clamped into the arc-shaped part of center rest 6, and the two ends of the middle cylindrical part of screw rod 3 are clamped into the two end faces of center rest 6, to prevent axial movement of screw rod 3.

[0032] Step 4: Install two grippers 2. The "+" shaped bosses at both ends of the grippers 2 can slide freely in the "T" shaped groove of the base 1. Connect the grippers 2 with the lead screw 3. Use a manual wrench to turn the lead screw 3 to control the grippers 2 to move towards the center and outward. The lead screw 3 can be turned in advance according to the size of the workpiece to make the grippers 2 at a gap of 5mm to 10mm from the workpiece size.

[0033] Step 5: Use the lathe's three-jaw chuck to clamp base 1 and align it to ensure that base 1 is coaxial with the machine tool.

[0034] Step 6: Slide the slider 4 into the other axial "T" groove of the base 1. Fix the positioning block 5 and the slider 4 with bolts. Adjust the position of the positioning block 5 and the slider 4 by loosening the bolts. Adjust the position of the positioning block 5 according to the actual size of the workpiece. Then tighten the bolts to fix the positioning block 5 and the slider 4.

[0035] Step 7: Place the workpiece into the fixture, with one end face close to the positioning block 5. Use a manual Allen wrench to turn the screw 3 to adjust the position of the jaws 2 to clamp the workpiece, and then start processing.

[0036] Step 8: After processing is completed, turn the lead screw 3 to move the jaw 2 outward to release the workpiece, and repeat step 6 to clamp the next workpiece and repeat the processing.

[0037] The preferred embodiments of each major component are shown below:

[0038] Base 1: This component is made of T10A carbon tool steel and processed through lathe, wire cutting, milling, heat treatment, external grinding, and surface grinding. Weight reduction measures have been implemented. The fitter marks the base 1 with 1mm intervals for center alignment and dimensioning, facilitating quick alignment and locking. During use, it is fixed to the lathe and assembled with jaws 2, lead screw 3, center rest 6, and slider 4. Therefore, the coaxiality between the outer diameter of base 1 and the center threaded hole must be ≤0.02mm, the perpendicularity between the outer diameter and the contact surface of the three-jaw chuck must be ≤0.01mm, and the parallelism between the two end faces must be ≤0.02mm.

[0039] Gripper 2: This component is made of high-quality Cr12MoV alloy steel and is processed through milling, wire cutting, fitting, heat treatment, surface grinding, and surface coating. It is required that gripper 2 moves smoothly and without jamming within the rectangular groove of the base while screwing screw 3 is turned.

[0040] Lead screw 3: This component is made of 45# high-quality carbon structural steel and is processed by lathe, heat treatment, polishing and other processes. It is used in conjunction with jaw 2 and is required to rotate flexibly without jamming.

[0041] Sliding block 4: the component is made of T10A carbon tool steel material and is processed by milling machine, grinding machine, heat treatment and other processes. It can be freely slid in the "T" groove of the base 1 without jamming. The positions of its two threaded holes are required to be machined in cooperation with the stepped hole positions of the positioning block 5.

[0042] Positioning block 5: the component is made of T10A carbon tool steel material and is processed by milling machine, grinding machine, heat treatment and other processes. It is used in cooperation with the sliding block 4. Its main function is to determine the position of one end of the workpiece X axis, facilitating quick clamping of the workpiece.

[0043] Center frame 6: the component is made of 45# high-quality carbon structural steel material and is processed by lathe, heat treatment and wire cutting. Its main function is to determine the center position of the lead screw 3.

[0044] The fixture only needs to be positioned once to determine the positioning, so that batch products can be directly machined after clamping, reducing the positioning time. In addition, the two clamping jaws 2 for clamping the workpiece can be adjusted, which is suitable for machining workpieces of different sizes. In addition, the fixture has a delicate structure, multiple functions and multiple purposes. The fixture has the characteristics of quick and accurate positioning, wide application range, simple and fast operation, safety, quick replacement of general chucks, consistent product quality, significantly improved machining efficiency, and greatly saved manufacturing cost.

[0045] The fixture is fixed according to the use condition and the three-jaw chuck of the lathe to ensure the stability of the base 1. The scale is drawn on the base 1 at an interval of 1mm according to the outer diameter positioning. According to the size of the machined workpiece, the sliding block 4 and the positioning block 5 are adjusted and moved in advance to position the workpiece X direction, and are fixed. The two clamping jaws 2 are controlled to move linearly at the same time through the lead screw 3 to ensure that the clamping jaws 2 clamp the workpiece, and the off-axis hole is quickly adjusted and clamped by the sizing plug.

[0046] It should be noted that the above process operations can be combined to different degrees. In order to be simple, the implementation modes of various combinations will not be described again. Those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust the order of the above operation steps or flexibly combine the above steps according to actual needs.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any skilled person in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application. These modifications or replacements should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A lathe fixture specifically designed for machining rectangular workpieces with multiple internal holes, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a base (1), two jaws (2), a lead screw (3), a slider (4), a positioning block (5), and a center frame (6). The base (1) is clamped to the outer diameter of the machine tool by a three-jaw chuck. The center frame (6) is fastened to the center threaded hole of the base (1) by means of a threaded structure. The cylindrical part of the lead screw (3) is inserted into the arc-shaped part of the center frame (6). The "+" bosses of the two jaws (2) are inserted into the "+" groove of the X-axis of the base (1) and can move freely. The jaws (2) are connected to the lead screw (3) by a threaded engagement. When a rotational force is applied to the lead screw (3), the two jaws (2) will produce a corresponding linear displacement along the axis of the lead screw (3) by means of the transmission characteristics of the thread. The slider (4) is slidably engaged with the "T" groove of the Y-axis of the base (1). The positioning block (5) is fixed to the base (1) by bolts.

2. The lathe fixture for machining rectangular workpieces with multiple internal holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, in: The base (1) is made of T10A carbon tool steel; the base (1) is cylindrical in shape with a hollow bottom and a threaded hole in the center connected to the lead screw (3); the outer diameter of the base (1) and the center threaded hole are required to be coaxial with ≤0.02mm; the outer diameter of the base (1) and the contact end face of the three-jaw chuck are required to be perpendicular with ≤0.01mm; the parallelism of the two end faces of the base (1) is required to be ≤0.02mm.

3. The lathe fixture for machining rectangular workpieces with multiple internal holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, in: The gripper (2) is made of Cr12MoV alloy steel. The lower half of the gripper (2) is shaped like a cross and can be freely moved when it is inserted into the base (1). The center of the cross is a threaded hole.

4. A lathe fixture for machining rectangular workpieces with multiple internal holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, in: The lead screw (3) is cylindrical in the middle, and the threads at both ends are in contact with the threads of the jaws (2). It can be made of 45# high-quality carbon structural steel.

5. A lathe fixture for machining rectangular workpieces with multiple internal holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, in: The slider (4) component is T-shaped and has two threaded holes. It is fixed to the base (1) with the positioning block (5) by bolts.

6. A lathe fixture for machining rectangular workpieces with multiple internal holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, in: The positioning block (5) is L-shaped with two stepped holes in the horizontal direction, and its vertical end face is the workpiece clamping reference contact surface.

7. A lathe fixture for machining rectangular workpieces with multiple internal holes according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, in: The lower end of the center frame (6) is externally threaded and is assembled into the center threaded hole of the base (1); the upper working part is a semi-circular arc, which is used to fix the center position of the lead screw (3) and prevent the lead screw (3) from moving left and right.

Images