Antenna structure and electronic equipment
By creating a sunken structure inside the cavity for capacitive loading, the problem of placing more antennas in a limited space is solved, achieving antenna miniaturization and performance improvement, and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423154973.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-19
AI Technical Summary
How to fit more antennas into a limited space to meet the miniaturization requirements of electronic devices, while improving antenna performance and reducing costs.
A cavity with an opening is formed by enclosing a conductive cover and a metal shell, and a sunken structure is formed inside the cavity for capacitive loading to achieve impedance tuning, so that the antenna frequency is biased to a lower frequency, thereby covering a lower frequency without increasing the antenna size.
This enables miniaturized antenna design, improves antenna performance and sealing, reduces costs and mass production risks, and increases the flexibility to deploy more antennas in a limited space.
Smart Images
Figure CN223665651U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of antenna design technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology
[0002] With the continuous development of communication technology, electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablets have evolved from carrying simple functions to supporting rich media such as voice, data, music, and video. They can also be expanded to install a variety of applications (APPs) to meet people's various needs.
[0003] To support more frequency bands, more antennas are needed. However, electronic devices are constantly evolving towards miniaturization. Therefore, how to place more antennas in a limited space has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content
[0004] This disclosure provides an antenna structure and electronic device to address the shortcomings of related technologies.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide an antenna structure, including:
[0006] Metal casing;
[0007] A conductive cover is connected to the metal shell, and the conductive cover and the metal shell together form a cavity with an opening; the conductive cover is recessed in the direction of the cavity to form at least one sunken structure.
[0008] Optionally, the conductive cover has the sunken structure formed on the side surface away from the metal housing.
[0009] Optionally, the bottom surface of the sunken structure is a plane.
[0010] Optionally, the bottom surface of the sunken structure is parallel to the surface of the area of the metal housing used to form the cavity.
[0011] Optionally, there may be multiple sunken structures, which are spaced apart.
[0012] Optionally, the multiple sunken structures may have the same or different shapes; and / or
[0013] The areas of the multiple sunken structures may be the same or different; and / or
[0014] The depths of the various sunken structures may be the same or different.
[0015] Optionally, the total area of all the sunken structures shall not exceed half the area of the region of the metal shell used to form the cavity; and / or
[0016] The area of a single sunken structure is greater than 3*3mm. 2 .
[0017] Optionally, the conductive cover includes:
[0018] A bracket, which is fixedly connected to the metal housing, has the recessed structure formed on the side of the bracket away from the metal housing;
[0019] A conductive layer is wrapped around the surface of the bracket away from the metal housing and the surface of the recessed structure, and the conductive layer is electrically connected to the metal housing; the conductive layer, the bracket and the metal housing enclose the cavity.
[0020] Optionally, the conductive layer includes a main body and a bent portion connected to the main body. The main body wraps around the surface of the bracket away from the metal housing and the surface of the recessed structure. The bent portion bends from the side edge of the main body toward the metal housing and is electrically connected to the metal housing.
[0021] The main body, the bracket, the bent portion, and the metal shell together form the cavity, and the opening is formed between the side edge of the main body where the bent portion is not formed and the metal shell.
[0022] In a second aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device, including a display screen and an antenna structure as described in the first aspect, wherein the display screen is disposed on the metal housing.
[0023] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects:
[0024] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the antenna structure disclosed herein, in which the conductive cover and the metal shell enclose a cavity with an opening, constitutes a cavity antenna. This reduces the risk of uncertain electrical connections and maintains the cavity's airtightness, thereby increasing the overall cavity performance of the antenna structure, improving antenna performance, and reducing cost and mass production risks. At least one recessed structure is formed by the conductive cover recessed towards the cavity, i.e., capacitive loading is applied through localized recessing within the cavity, thereby achieving impedance tuning and shifting the cavity antenna's frequency towards lower frequencies. Therefore, a smaller cavity size can achieve coverage of the same frequency, thus miniaturizing the cavity antenna. No additional components are needed for tuning; the structure is simple, easy to implement, and low-cost.
[0025] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description
[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A simplified diagram of surface AA in the middle.
[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another exemplary embodiment.
[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to another exemplary embodiment.
[0031] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the relationship between return loss and resonant frequency obtained through simulation of an antenna structure illustrated in an exemplary embodiment.
[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the conductive layer of an antenna structure facing the metal housing side, according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments (or "implementations") of this application will be clearly and completely described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.
[0034] If the embodiments of this application contain terms relating to directional indications or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, top, bottom, center, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, counterclockwise, clockwise, axial, radial, circumferential, etc.), such terms are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movements between components in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figures); if the specific posture changes, the directional indications or positional relationships will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are only for descriptive convenience and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0035] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of this disclosure, the antenna structure and electronic equipment of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features in the following embodiments and implementations are interchangeable.
[0036] See Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this disclosure provides an antenna structure that can be applied to electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, smart glasses, smartwatches, smart bracelets, and wearable devices.
[0037] This disclosure provides an antenna structure and electronic device to address the shortcomings of related technologies.
[0038] See Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna structure, including: a metal housing 10 and a conductive shroud 20, the conductive shroud 20 being connected to the metal housing 10, and the conductive shroud 20 and the metal housing 10 enclosing a cavity 41 having an opening 40. The conductive shroud 20 is recessed toward the cavity 41 to form at least one recessed structure 30.
[0039] The antenna structure disclosed herein comprises a conductive cover 20 and a metal housing 10 enclosing an open cavity, thus forming a cavity antenna. This reduces the risk of uncertain electrical connections and maintains the cavity's airtightness, thereby increasing the overall cavity performance of the antenna structure, improving antenna performance, and reducing cost and mass production risks. At least one recessed structure 30 is formed by recessing the conductive cover 20 towards the cavity, i.e., capacitive loading is applied through localized recessing within the cavity to achieve impedance tuning, shifting the cavity antenna's frequency towards lower frequencies. Therefore, a smaller cavity size can achieve coverage of the same frequency, thus miniaturizing the cavity antenna. No additional tuning components are required; the structure is simple, easy to implement, and low-cost. This allows for the placement of a larger number of cavity antennas within the limited space of electronic devices, providing greater flexibility in the overall stacking layout.
[0040] In some optional embodiments, the recessed structure 30 is formed on the surface of the conductive cover 20 away from the metal housing 10. That is, the recessed structure 30 is formed on the large surface of the conductive cover 20 opposite to the metal housing 10. Capacitive loading is achieved through the recessed structure 30, thereby realizing impedance tuning. The dielectric constant of the recessed structure inside the cavity is greater than the dielectric constant of the gas inside the cavity, which can reduce the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves inside the cavity. Since the wavelength is inversely proportional to the propagation speed, the wavelength becomes shorter. When the dielectric constant increases and the wavelength becomes shorter, in order to maintain the formation of standing waves, the resonant frequency is reduced to adapt to the new wavelength, thereby shifting the center frequency of the electromagnetic waves generated by the antenna to a lower frequency, improving the low-frequency performance of the antenna, and shifting the antenna frequency to a lower frequency. Without increasing the antenna size, the cavity antenna can cover lower frequencies, thereby achieving the design requirements of miniaturized antennas.
[0041] See Figure 2As shown, in some optional embodiments, to better achieve impedance tuning, the bottom surface 31 of the recessed structure 30 is a plane, that is, the surface of the recessed structure 30 near the metal housing 10 is a plane. Further, the bottom surface of the recessed structure 30 is parallel to the surface of the metal housing 10 used to form the cavity 41. Thus, by designing the bottom surface of the recessed structure 30 as a plane, capacitive loading can be applied to the inner wall of the cavity parallel to it, enabling impedance tuning and achieving frequency deviation.
[0042] Optionally, the number of the recessed structures 30 is multiple, and the multiple recessed structures 30 are arranged at intervals. The shapes of the multiple recessed structures 30 may be the same or different, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the shape of the sunken structure 30 is not limited to a rectangle; it can also be circular, triangular, or other shapes. The areas of multiple sunken structures 30 can be the same or different, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the two rectangular sunken structures 30 have different areas. The depths of multiple sunken structures 30 can be the same or different.
[0043] The depth, number, and area of the recessed structure 30 can all achieve greater resonant frequency shifts. Specifically, a larger area (i.e., larger size) of the recessed structure 30 results in higher capacitance, a greater degree of low-frequency shift in the antenna, and a wider low-frequency coverage. A deeper recessed structure 30 provides better coupling with the metal casing, further increasing capacitance, the degree of low-frequency shift in the antenna, and the widest low-frequency coverage. A greater number of recessed structures 30 also results in higher capacitance, a greater degree of low-frequency shift in the antenna, and a wider low-frequency coverage. For ease of fabrication, the number of recessed structures 30 can be set to 2-3, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown.
[0044] Taking the sunken structure 30 as an example of a rectangular structure, considering the fabrication feasibility of the sunken receptive structure, the area should be as large as possible (3*3mm). 2 Meanwhile, regardless of the number of submerged structures, the total area of the submerged structures should not exceed half of the large surface area of the cavity. An excessively large submerged area will negatively impact the antenna's radiation efficiency and reduce its performance. Furthermore, considering ease of fabrication, the number of submerged structures is generally set to 2 to 3.
[0045] See Figure 5As shown, curve 1 corresponds to a cavity antenna with two rectangular recessed structures of 1.5mm depth, curve 2 corresponds to a cavity antenna with two rectangular recessed structures of 1mm depth, and curve 3 corresponds to a cavity antenna without a recessed structure. The cavity antenna with two rectangular recessed structures of 1mm depth has its resonant frequency shifted 50MHz lower. The cavity antenna with two rectangular recessed structures of the same size and 1.5mm depth has its resonant frequency shifted 180MHz lower, while the antenna bandwidth remains relatively unchanged. Therefore, it can be seen that forming a recessed structure inside the cavity antenna allows for capacitive loading; the deeper the recessed structure, the greater the resonant frequency shift. Thus, through capacitive loading of the recessed structure, the resonant frequency of the antenna is shifted lower. With the same antenna size, adding a recessed structure allows for lower frequency coverage, thereby achieving miniaturization of the cavity antenna.
[0046] In some optional embodiments, the conductive cover 20 includes a bracket 21 and a conductive layer 22. The bracket 21 is fixedly connected to the metal housing 10, and a recessed structure 30 is formed on the side surface of the bracket 21 away from the metal housing 10. Optionally, the bracket 21 can be a rectangular bracket, and a plurality of screws 23 can be provided circumferentially at the edge of the bracket 21 as fasteners to fix the bracket 21 to the metal housing 10.
[0047] A conductive layer 22 covers the surface of the bracket 21 away from the metal housing 10 and the surface of the recessed structure 30, and the conductive layer 22 is electrically connected to the metal housing 10. The conductive layer 22, the bracket 21, and the metal housing 10 together form the cavity 41. Optionally, the metal housing 10 can be the mid-frame housing of an electronic device. The bracket 20 can include a plastic bracket or a bracket made of other insulating materials, which can support the conductive layer 22 and increase its stability. The conductive layer 22 can be a flexible printed circuit (FPC) or other conductive layers, such as LDS (Laser-Direct-structuring) laser forming process layers, PDS (Printing Direct Structure) pad printing process layers, etc.
[0048] Thus, a cavity antenna is formed by a support with a conductive layer and a metal shell. Cavities of different sizes can achieve different frequency coverage. A recessed structure is formed locally inside the cavity, and capacitive loading is performed through the recessed structure to achieve impedance tuning, causing the antenna frequency to shift to lower frequencies. Without increasing the antenna size, the cavity antenna can cover lower frequencies, thereby meeting the design requirements of miniaturized antennas.
[0049] See Figure 6 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the conductive layer 22 includes a main body 221 and a bent portion 222 connected to the main body 221. The main body 221 wraps around the surface of the support 21 away from the metal housing 10 and the surface of the recessed structure 30. The bent portion 222 bends from the side edge of the main body 221 toward the metal housing 10 and is electrically connected to the metal housing 10. The main body 221, the support 21, the bent portion 222, and the metal housing 10 enclose the cavity 41, and the opening 40 is formed between the side edge of the main body 221 where the bent portion 222 is not formed and the metal housing 10.
[0050] Optionally, the support 21 is rectangular, the main body 221 of the conductive layer 32 is rectangular, and the three side edges of the main body 221 are bent toward the metal housing 10 to form bent portions 222 that are electrically connected to the metal housing 10. An opening is reserved on the other side edge, thereby realizing the structure of the conductive layer being electrically connected to the metal housing on three sides and having an opening on one side, forming a cavity antenna with an opening, thereby improving the overall performance of the antenna cavity.
[0051] Furthermore, the bending portion 222 is provided with a first conductive connector 223, which is connected to the metal housing 10 to achieve an electrical connection between the conductive layer 22 and the metal housing 10. Thus, the conductive layer is electrically connected to the metal housing through the first conductive connector, which improves the sealing performance and the reliability of the electrical connection. Optionally, the first conductive connector 223 can be gold-plated conductive foam, conductive silicone, conductive cloth, etc., adhered to the bending portion 222.
[0052] In some optional embodiments, a second conductive connector 224 is provided on the side of the conductive layer 22 away from the metal housing 10, and the second conductive connector 224 is located near the opening 40 of the cavity 41. When the antenna structure is applied to an electronic device with a display screen, the second conductive connector 224 can be used to connect to the display screen and serve as a grounding function, thereby reducing clutter, reducing interference to the display screen, and improving antenna efficiency. The second conductive connector 224 can be conductive foam, conductive silicone, conductive cloth, etc., adhered to the conductive layer 22, and the number of second conductive connectors 224 can be one or more, arranged according to antenna performance requirements.
[0053] This disclosure also provides an electronic device, which may be, for example, a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, wearable device, smart bracelet, smartwatch, smart glasses, or other electronic products. The electronic device may include a display screen and an antenna structure as described in the above embodiments and implementations. The display screen is disposed on a metal housing 10 and can be electrically connected to the conductive layer 22 of the conductive cover 20 via the second conductive connector 224.
[0054] The electronic device disclosed herein employs the aforementioned antenna structure, where the conductive cover 20 and the metal housing 10 enclose an open cavity, thus constituting a cavity antenna. This reduces the risk of uncertain electrical connections and maintains the cavity's airtightness, thereby increasing the overall cavity performance of the antenna structure, improving antenna performance, and reducing cost and mass production risks. At least one recessed structure 30 is formed by recessing the conductive cover 20 towards the cavity, i.e., localized subsidence within the cavity for capacitive loading, thereby achieving impedance tuning and shifting the cavity antenna's frequency towards lower frequencies. Therefore, a smaller cavity size can achieve coverage of the same frequency, thus miniaturizing the cavity antenna. No additional tuning components are required; the structure is simple, easy to implement, and low-cost. This allows for the placement of a larger number of cavity antennas within the limited overall space of the electronic device, providing greater flexibility in the overall stacking layout.
[0055] It should be noted that the technical solutions or features described in the above embodiments can be combined or supplemented with each other without conflict. The scope of protection of this application is not limited to the precise structures described in the above embodiments and shown in the accompanying drawings; all modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. An antenna structure, characterized by The antenna structure comprises: a metal shell; a conductive cover connected with the metal shell, the conductive cover and the metal shell enclosing a cavity with an opening; the conductive cover is recessed in a direction towards the cavity to form at least one sunken structure.
2. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The conductive cover is formed with the sunken structure on a side surface away from the metal shell.
3. The antenna structure of claim 2, wherein, The bottom surface of the sunken structure is a plane.
4. The antenna structure of claim 3, wherein, The bottom surface of the sunken structure is parallel to the surface of the area of the metal shell used to form the cavity.
5. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The number of the sunken structures is multiple, and the multiple sunken structures are arranged at intervals.
6. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The shapes of the multiple sunken structures are the same or different; and / or The areas of the multiple sunken structures are the same or different; and / or The depths of the multiple sunken structures are the same or different.
7. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The sum of the areas of all the sunken structures is not more than half of the area of the area of the metal shell used to form the cavity; and / or The sunken structure is rectangular, and an area of the sunken structure is greater than 3*3 mm 2 .
8. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The conductive cover comprises: a support fixed to the metal shell, the support being formed with the sunken structure on a side surface away from the metal shell; a conductive layer wrapped on the surface of the side of the support away from the metal shell and the surface of the sunken structure, the conductive layer being electrically connected with the metal shell; the conductive layer, the support and the metal shell enclosing the cavity.
9. The antenna structure of claim 8, wherein, The conductive layer comprises a main body and a bending part connected with the main body, the main body being wrapped on the surface of the side of the support away from the metal shell and the surface of the sunken structure; the bending part being bent from the side edge of the main body towards the metal shell and being electrically connected with the metal shell; The main body, the support, the bending part and the metal shell enclosing the cavity, the side edge of the main body not formed with the bending part and the metal shell forming the opening.
10. An electronic device, comprising: The antenna structure comprises a display screen and the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-9, the display screen being arranged on the metal shell.