Antenna and communication equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna and communication equipment, the antenna comprises a dielectric layer, a radiation layer and a grounding layer, and the dielectric layer is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other; the radiation layer is arranged on the first surface, the radiation layer comprises a feeder line and a radiator which are connected, the radiator is provided with a gap, and the gap is cross-shaped; the grounding layer is arranged on the second surface. The antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model needs fewer parts while meeting the requirements of millimeter wave plane omnidirectional ultra-bandwidth antennas, is compact in overall space structure, and has the advantage of miniaturization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna and communication device. Background Technology

[0002] Millimeter-wave planar omnidirectional ultra-wideband antennas have advantages such as high transmission rate, low cost, light weight, simple design, and easy integration with other components, which have attracted widespread attention and in-depth research from scholars and engineers in the industry.

[0003] However, current millimeter-wave planar ultra-wideband antennas often suffer from large size, which greatly limits their use in modern miniaturized wireless communication terminals. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an antenna and communication device that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, an antenna is provided, comprising a dielectric layer, a radiating layer, and a grounding layer. The dielectric layer is provided with opposing first and second surfaces. The radiating layer is disposed on the first surface and includes a connected feed line and a radiator. The radiator has a slit in the shape of a cross. The grounding layer is disposed on the second surface.

[0006] In some embodiments, the gap includes a first gap and a second gap, the first gap and the second gap intersecting and perpendicular to form a cross shape.

[0007] In some embodiments, the extension direction of the first gap is parallel to the extension direction of the feed line.

[0008] In some embodiments, the perpendicular bisector of the feed line in a first direction coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the slot in the first direction, wherein the first direction is the direction from the feed line to the radiator.

[0009] In some embodiments, the radiator includes a first radiating patch, a second radiating patch, a third radiating patch, and a fourth radiating patch disposed on the first surface. The first radiating patch has the slit and has a first edge, a second edge, a third edge, and a fourth edge connected in sequence. The feed line is connected to the first edge, the second radiating patch is connected to the second edge, the third radiating patch is connected to the third edge, and the fourth radiating patch is connected to the fourth edge.

[0010] In some embodiments, when viewed along the direction from the radiating layer toward the ground layer, the first radiating patch is rectangular in shape, and the second, third, and fourth radiating patches are all semi-elliptical in shape; the first edge is parallel to the third edge, the second edge is parallel to the fourth edge, the major axis of the second radiating patch is connected to the second edge, the major axis of the third radiating patch is connected to the third edge, and the major axis of the fourth radiating patch is connected to the fourth edge.

[0011] In some embodiments, the length of the major axis of the second radiating patch is the same as the length of the second edge; and / or, the length of the major axis of the third radiating patch is the same as the length of the third edge; and / or, the length of the major axis of the fourth radiating patch is the same as the length of the fourth edge.

[0012] In some embodiments, the perpendicular bisector of the feed line in a first direction coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the radiator in the first direction, wherein the first direction is the direction from the feed line to the radiator.

[0013] In some embodiments, the grounding layer is concave in shape; and in the direction from the radiating layer to the grounding layer, the projection of the feed line overlaps at least partially with the grounding layer.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, a communication device is provided, including the antenna described above.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model embodiment are as follows: Unlike existing technologies, this utility model embodiment provides an antenna comprising a dielectric layer, a radiating layer, and a ground layer. The dielectric layer has opposing first and second surfaces. The radiating layer is disposed on the first surface and includes a connected feed line and a radiator. The radiator has a slot, the slot being cross-shaped. The ground layer is disposed on the second surface. The antenna of this application consists of a dielectric layer, a radiating layer, and a ground layer, with the radiating layer composed of a feed line and a radiator. This allows the antenna to meet the requirements of a millimeter-wave planar omnidirectional ultra-wideband antenna while requiring fewer components, resulting in a compact overall spatial structure and miniaturization advantages. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1This is a perspective view of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of the antenna provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 The reflection coefficient of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the invention varies with different L. P The change graph;

[0021] Figure 5 The reflection coefficient of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the invention varies with different W values. P The change graph;

[0022] Figure 6 The reflection coefficient of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the invention varies with different L. GM The change graph;

[0023] Figure 7 The reflection coefficient of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the invention varies with different W values. GM The change graph;

[0024] Figure 8 The reflection coefficient of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the invention varies with different L. S The change graph;

[0025] Figure 9 The reflection coefficient of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the invention varies with different W values. S The change graph;

[0026] Figure 10 The reflection coefficient of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the invention varies with different L. VT The change graph;

[0027] Figure 11 The reflection coefficient of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the invention varies with different L. HT The change graph;

[0028] Figure 12 This is a simulation result diagram of the reflection coefficient of the antenna after parameter optimization provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 13 This is a simulation result diagram of the maximum gain and radiation efficiency of the antenna after parameter optimization provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 14 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the present invention at 10.0 GHz after parameter optimization;

[0031] Figure 15 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the present invention at 19.0 GHz after parameter optimization;

[0032] Figure 16 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the present invention at 28.0 GHz after parameter optimization.

[0033] The reference numerals in the detailed embodiments are as follows:

[0034] 100. Antenna; 10. Dielectric layer; 11. First surface; 12. Second surface; 13. Fifth edge; 20. Radiating layer; 21. Feeder; 22. Radiator; 22a. Slot; 22b. First slot; 22c. Second slot; 221. First radiating patch; 2211. First edge; 2212. Second edge; 2213. Third edge; 2214. Fourth edge; 222. Second radiating patch; 223. Third radiating patch; 224. Fourth radiating patch; 30. Ground layer; 31. First patch; 32. Second patch; 33. Third patch; X. First direction; Y. Second direction; Z. Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0037] Millimeter-wave planar omnidirectional ultra-wideband antennas have advantages such as high transmission rate, low cost, light weight, simple design, and easy integration with other components, which have attracted widespread attention and in-depth research from scholars and engineers in the industry.

[0038] Existing millimeter-wave planar ultra-wideband antennas often suffer from large size, severely limiting their use in modern miniaturized wireless communication terminals. Millimeter-wave planar ultra-wideband antennas have relatively short wavelengths, and since the antenna size is typically proportional to its operating wavelength, millimeter-wave antennas are relatively small in physical size. However, to achieve ultra-wideband characteristics, planar ultra-wideband antennas may require more complex structures and larger dimensions to accommodate multiple resonant modes or frequency ranges. For example, some classic ultra-wideband antenna structures, such as traveling-wave antennas, log-periodic antennas, equiangular solenoid antennas, and ridge waveguide horn antennas, can achieve operating bands of several octaves. However, these classic ultra-wideband antenna structures share a common drawback: their geometric dimensions are significantly larger than those of similar narrowband antennas, failing to meet the requirement of small structure in ultra-wideband wireless systems.

[0039] The antenna of this embodiment consists of a dielectric layer, a radiating layer, and a ground layer. The radiating layer consists of a feed line and a radiator. This allows the antenna to meet the requirements of a millimeter-wave planar omnidirectional ultra-wideband antenna while requiring fewer components and having a compact overall spatial structure, thus offering the advantage of miniaturization.

[0040] To facilitate the reader's understanding of the inventive concept of this utility model, the specific structure of the antenna is described below:

[0041] Please see Figures 1 to 3 The antenna 100 includes a dielectric layer 10, a radiating layer 20, and a ground layer 30. The dielectric layer 10 has opposing first surfaces 11 and second surfaces 12. The radiating layer 20 is disposed on the first surface 11 and includes a connected feed line 21 and a radiator 22, both of which are disposed on the first surface 11. The radiator 22 has a slot 22a, which is cross-shaped. The ground layer 30 is disposed on the second surface 12. The antenna 100 of this application consists of a dielectric layer 10, a radiating layer 20, and a ground layer 30. The radiating layer 20 is composed of a feed line 21 and a radiator 22. This allows the antenna 100 to meet the requirements of a millimeter-wave planar omnidirectional ultra-wideband antenna 100 while requiring fewer components and having a compact overall spatial structure, thus exhibiting the advantage of miniaturization.

[0042] In some embodiments, the feed line 21 is a microstrip feed line 21, and the material of the feed line 21 can be copper-plated, which helps to simplify the structure of the antenna 100. In some embodiments, the characteristic impedance of the feed line 21 is 50 ohms.

[0043] In some embodiments, the slot 22a includes a first slot 22b and a second slot 22c, which intersect and are perpendicular to each other to form a cross shape, which is beneficial for improving the performance of the antenna 100 and simplifying the structure of the antenna 100. In some embodiments, when viewed along the direction from the radiating layer 20 to the ground layer 30 (second direction Y), the first slot 22b has an I-shape and the second slot 22c has an I-shape, which is beneficial for improving the performance of the antenna 100 and simplifying the fabrication of the slot 22a.

[0044] In some embodiments, the extension direction of the first gap 22b is parallel to the extension direction of the feed line 21.

[0045] In some embodiments, the perpendicular bisector of the feed line 21 in the first direction X coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the slot 22a in the first direction X, where the first direction X is the direction from the feed line 21 to the radiator 22. In some embodiments, the perpendicular bisector of the feed line 21 in the first direction X coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the first slot 22b in the first direction X, and the perpendicular bisector of the feed line 21 in the first direction X coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the second slot 22c in the first direction X.

[0046] In some embodiments, the radiator 22 includes a first radiating patch 221, a second radiating patch 222, a third radiating patch 223, and a fourth radiating patch 224 disposed on a first surface 11. The first radiating patch 221 has a slit 22a and is provided with a first edge 2211, a second edge 2212, a third edge 2213, and a fourth edge 2214 connected in sequence. A feed line 21 is connected to the first edge 2211, the second radiating patch 222 is connected to the second edge 2212, the third radiating patch 223 is connected to the third edge 2213, and the fourth radiating patch 224 is connected to the fourth edge 2214.

[0047] In some embodiments, when viewed along the direction from the radiating layer 20 toward the ground layer 30, the first radiating patch 221 is rectangular in shape, and the second radiating patch 222, the third radiating patch 223, and the fourth radiating patch 224 are all semi-elliptical in shape. The first edge 2211 is parallel to the third edge 2213, the second edge 2212 is parallel to the fourth edge 2214, the major axis of the second radiating patch 222 is connected to the second edge 2212, the major axis of the third radiating patch 223 is connected to the third edge 2213, and the major axis of the fourth radiating patch 224 is connected to the fourth edge 2214.

[0048] In some embodiments, the length of the major axis of the second radiating patch 222 is the same as the length of the second edge 2212. And / or, the length of the major axis of the third radiating patch 223 is the same as the length of the third edge 2213. And / or, the length of the major axis of the fourth radiating patch 224 is the same as the length of the fourth edge 2214.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first radiating patch 221 may be made of copper plating, the second radiating patch 222 may be made of copper plating, the third radiating patch 223 may be made of copper plating, and the fourth radiating patch 224 may be made of copper plating.

[0050] In some embodiments, the perpendicular bisector of the feed line 21 in the first direction X coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the radiating layer 20 in the first direction X. The perpendicular bisector of the feed line 21 in the first direction X also coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the radiator 22 in the first direction X, where the first direction X is the direction from the feed line 21 to the radiator 22. In some embodiments, the second radiating patch 222 and the third radiating patch 223 are symmetrically arranged about the perpendicular bisector of the feed line 21 in the first direction X.

[0051] In some embodiments, when viewed from the radiating layer 20 toward the ground layer 30, the ground layer 30 has a concave shape. In the direction from the radiating layer 20 toward the ground layer 30, the projection of the feed line 21 at least partially overlaps with the ground layer 30. In some embodiments, the ground layer 30 includes a first patch 31, a second patch 32, and a third patch 33 disposed on the second surface 12. In the third direction Z, the second patch 32 and the third patch 33 are respectively connected to opposite sides of the first patch 31, and the third direction Z, the second direction Y, and the first direction X are mutually perpendicular. When viewed from the radiating layer 20 toward the ground layer 30, the first patch 31, the second patch 32, and the third patch 33 are all rectangular in shape, and together they form a concave shape. The first patch 31, the second patch 32, and the third patch 33 can be metal patches. The material of the first patch 31, the second patch 32, and the third patch 33 can be copper-plated.

[0052] In some embodiments, the perpendicular bisector of the feed line 21 in the first direction X coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the ground layer 30 in the first direction X. In some embodiments, the perpendicular bisector of the feed line 21 in the first direction X coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the first patch 31 in the first direction X. The second patch 32 and the third patch 33 are symmetrically arranged about the perpendicular bisector of the feed line 21 in the first direction X. In some embodiments, the perpendicular bisector of the feed line 21 in the first direction X coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the dielectric layer 10 in the first direction X.

[0053] In some embodiments, the dielectric layer 10 is provided with a fifth edge 13, and in the direction from the feed line 21 to the radiator 22, the feed line 21 is closer to the fifth edge 13 than the radiator 22. The first patch 31, the second patch 32 and the third patch 33 are all close to the fifth edge 13.

[0054] To further illustrate the structure proposed in this invention, a design example is provided here. In this design example, the dielectric layer 10 has a dielectric constant of 3.38, a dielectric loss of 0.0022, and a thickness of 0.2 mm; the radiating layer 20 and the ground layer 30 are copper-plated with a thickness of 0.035 mm. The front and back sides of this design example layout are shown below. Figure 2 and 3 As shown. Where, L A W is the length of the grounding layer 30. A For the width of the grounding layer 30, L GM L is the length of the middle rectangular metal patch (first patch 31) that forms the radio frequency ground (ground layer 30). GRL W represents the length of the two rectangular metal patches (second patch 32 and third patch 33) forming the RF ground. GM L is the width of the middle rectangular metal patch (first patch 31) that forms the RF ground. P W is the length of the rectangular radiating patch (first radiating patch 221) that makes up the radiator 22, or the length of the major axis of the two elliptical radiating patches (second radiating patch 222 and fourth radiating patch 224) that make up the radiator 22. P L is the width of the rectangular radiating patch (first radiating patch 221) that makes up the radiator 22, or the length of the major axis of the upper elliptical radiating patch (third radiating patch 223) that makes up the radiator 22. VT L is the length of the minor axis of the two elliptical radiating patches (second radiating patch 222 and fourth radiating patch 224) that make up the radiator 22. HT L is the length of the minor axis of the upper elliptical radiating patch (third radiating patch 223) that makes up the radiator 22. S W is the arm length of the cross slit 22a (the length of any one of the four arms of slit 22a). S L is the arm width of the cross slit 22a (the width of the first slit 22b and the second slit 22c). F The length of the 50Ω microstrip feed line is 21, W. F The width of the 50Ω microstrip feed line 21.

[0055] Figure 4-11 The dimension parameter L is given. P W P L GM W GM L S W SL VT L HT The impact on the reflection coefficient of antenna 100.

[0056] Figure 4 The reflection coefficient of antenna 100 varies with different L P The changes are due to Figure 4 It can be seen that, with parameter L P As the value increases, both the lower and upper passband edges of antenna 100 shift downwards, resulting in a slightly smaller passband bandwidth, a smaller center frequency, and a smaller reflection coefficient within the passband bandwidth.

[0057] Figure 5 The reflection coefficient of antenna 100 varies with different W P The changes are due to Figure 5 It can be seen that, with the parameter W P As the value increases, the passband bandwidth of antenna 100 narrows, and the reflection coefficient within the passband bandwidth increases.

[0058] Figure 6 The reflection coefficient of antenna 100 varies with different L GM The changes are due to Figure 6 It can be seen that, with parameter L GM As the value increases, the passband bandwidth of antenna 100 narrows, and the reflection coefficient within the passband bandwidth increases.

[0059] Figure 7 The reflection coefficient of antenna 100 varies with different W GM The changes are due to Figure 7 It can be seen that, with the parameter W GM As the value increases, the passband bandwidth of antenna 100 narrows, and the reflection coefficient within the passband bandwidth increases.

[0060] Figure 8 The reflection coefficient of antenna 100 varies with different L S The changes are due to Figure 8 It can be seen that, with parameter L S As the value increases, the passband bandwidth of antenna 100 remains unchanged, but the reflection coefficient within the passband bandwidth increases.

[0061] Figure 9 The reflection coefficient of antenna 100 varies with different W S The changes are due to Figure 9 It can be seen that, with the parameter W S As the value increases, the passband bandwidth of antenna 100 remains unchanged, but the reflection coefficient within the passband bandwidth increases slightly.

[0062] Figure 10 The reflection coefficient of antenna 100 varies with different L VT The changes are due to Figure 10 It can be seen that, with parameter L VTAs the value increases, the passband bandwidth of antenna 100 increases, and the reflection coefficient within the passband bandwidth decreases.

[0063] Figure 11 The reflection coefficient of antenna 100 varies with different L HT The changes are due to Figure 11 It can be seen that, with parameter L HT As the value increases, the passband bandwidth of antenna 100 remains almost unchanged, but the reflection coefficient within the passband bandwidth increases.

[0064] Based on the above research, a set of optimized parameters can be derived: L A =11.0mm,W A =11.0mm,L GM =3.3mm,L GRL =5.0mm,W GM =8.2mm,L P =6.5mm,W P =4.0mm,L VT =2.6mm,L HT =1.6mm,L S =2.0mm,W S =0.1mm,L F =3.5mm,W F =0.4mm. The reflection coefficient of the optimized ultra-wideband planar antenna 100 is as follows: Figure 12 As shown. By Figure 12 It is easy to see that the bandwidth range with a reflection coefficient of less than -10dB is from 10.2GHz to 29.8GHz, with a center frequency of 20.0GHz, an absolute bandwidth of 19.6GHz, and a relative bandwidth of 98%, exhibiting ultra-wideband characteristics. Within the passband, there are also two transmission poles, located at 14.5GHz and 24.7GHz respectively, ensuring the flatness of maximum gain and radiation efficiency within the passband.

[0065] The simulation results of the maximum gain and radiation efficiency of antenna 100 based on the above optimized parameters are shown in the figure below. Figure 13 As shown. By Figure 13 It can be seen that within the passband, its average maximum gain is 3.99 dBi, demonstrating the advantage of high maximum gain; within the passband, its average radiation efficiency is 97.67%, demonstrating the advantage of high radiation efficiency.

[0066] The radiation pattern of antenna 100 based on the above optimized parameters is as follows: Figure 14-16 As shown, Figure 14 The radiation pattern of antenna 100 at 10.0 GHz is shown. Figure 15 The radiation pattern of antenna 100 at 19.0 GHz is shown. Figure 16The radiation pattern of antenna 100 at 28.0 GHz is given by... Figure 14-16 It can be seen that antenna 100 is an omnidirectional antenna 100.

[0067] In this embodiment of the present invention, the antenna 100 is composed of a dielectric layer 10, a radiating layer 20 and a grounding layer 30, and the radiating layer 20 is composed of a feed line 21 and a radiator 22. This makes the antenna 100 less required to meet the requirements of a millimeter-wave planar omnidirectional ultra-wideband antenna 100, and the overall spatial structure is compact, which has the advantage of miniaturization.

[0068] This utility model also provides an embodiment of a communication device, which includes the antenna 100 described above. The function and structure of the antenna 100 can be found in the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0069] It should be noted that while the preferred embodiments of this utility model are provided in the specification and accompanying drawings, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are not intended to impose additional limitations on the content of this utility model; their purpose is to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of this utility model. Furthermore, the above-described technical features can be combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, all of which are considered to be within the scope of this utility model specification. Moreover, those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, include: A dielectric layer having opposing first and second surfaces; A radiating layer is disposed on the first surface. The radiating layer includes a connected feed line and a radiator. The radiator has a slit, and the slit is cross-shaped. A grounding layer is disposed on the second surface.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gap includes a first gap and a second gap, which intersect and are perpendicular to each other to form a cross shape.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The extension direction of the first gap is parallel to the extension direction of the feed line.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perpendicular bisector of the feed line in the first direction coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the gap in the first direction, where the first direction is the direction from the feed line to the radiator.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiator includes a first radiating patch, a second radiating patch, a third radiating patch, and a fourth radiating patch disposed on the first surface. The first radiating patch has the slit and has a first edge, a second edge, a third edge, and a fourth edge connected in sequence. The feed line is connected to the first edge, the second radiating patch is connected to the second edge, the third radiating patch is connected to the third edge, and the fourth radiating patch is connected to the fourth edge.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, Viewed along the direction from the radiating layer to the grounding layer, the first radiating patch is rectangular in shape, while the second, third, and fourth radiating patches are all semi-elliptical in shape. The first edge is parallel to the third edge, the second edge is parallel to the fourth edge, the major axis of the second radiating patch is connected to the second edge, the major axis of the third radiating patch is connected to the third edge, and the major axis of the fourth radiating patch is connected to the fourth edge.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The length of the major axis of the second radiating patch is the same as the length of the second edge; And / or, The length of the major axis of the third radiating patch is the same as the length of the third edge; And / or, The length of the major axis of the fourth radiating patch is the same as the length of the fourth edge.

8. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perpendicular bisector of the feed line in the first direction coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the radiator in the first direction, where the first direction is the direction from the feed line to the radiator.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The grounding layer has a concave shape; In the direction from the radiating layer to the grounding layer, the projection of the feed line overlaps at least partially with the grounding layer.

10. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes the antenna as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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